PAPARAN
JURU BICARA/KEPALA PUSAT PENERANGAN KEMENTERIAN DALAM NEGERI PADA FOCUSED GROUP DISCUSSION (FGD) TENTANG “UPAYA MEMBANGUN KOMUNIKASI POLITIK YANG SISTEMATIS, SINERGIS, DAN EFEKTIF KEMENTERIAN/LEMBAGA”
SUMATERA
KALIMANTAN
IRIAN JAYA
JAVA
Disampaikan Oleh :
Reydonnyzar Moenek Jakarta, 11 Oktober 2011
KEMENTERIAN DALAM NEGERI RI
1
Introduction The 21stC mediascape is characterised by multi-vocal, multimedia, multi-dimentional flows of information and communication In today´s digitally connected globe, flows of all kinds of info. Circulate around the world at a speed unimaginable even a decade ago A shift from state-centric & national views of media to one defined by consumer interests and transnational markets:key factor in expansion & acceleration of media flows What does this mean? Explanation of main concepts Counter arguments Theoretical extrapolates Examples from the curriculum
2
Ponder during discussion Has globalisation increased western cultural influence or triggered the possibilities of other flows? What is the role of media ownership in determining the flow of information and communication?
3
FOUR ERAS OF MEDIA Partisan Press Era (1787-1832): people subscribed to newspapers without advertising! Some newspapers were printed by the political parties. Commercial Press Era (1833-1900): advertising begins and prices for newspapers drop, rise of “penny press.” “yellow press” evolves. Forerunners to Monica Lewinsky, shark attacks, abducted children, etc. Era of Objective Media (1900-1984): Emergence of a trained, professional media. Era of New Media (1985-Current): Consolidation of newspapers and other old media. Rise of national daily newspapers and interpretive journalism. Fragmentation of news choices driven by more choices available through cable television, talk radio, and internet.
4
Introducing some of the Concepts Mapping out the main concepts that have characterised global flow of communication studies over the past 30 years. Some of the the concepts and arguments developed in the 1970s and 1980s still influence current debates in global flow/globalisation.
5
Media Flows Media Flows-Concept developed by a series of empirical studies in the 1970s and 80s. The research claimed the existence of unbalanced, undirectional flows of TV programmes and foreign news from the “centre” to the “periphery” (Kaarle, Nordnstreng & Tapio Varis 1974 study “TV Traffic- A One-Way Street: A survey and Analysis of the International Flow of Television Programme Material. UNESCO
6
Cultural Imperialism Cultural Imperialism-Popularised by Jeremy Tunstall who described this term as a situation in which “authentic traditional, local culture…is being battered out of existence by the indiscrimate dumping of large quantities of slick commercial and media products, mainly from the US “The Media are American: Anglo-American Media in the World (1977: 57).
7
Media Imperialism Media Imperialism-Developed within a broader analysis of cultural imperialism and dependency theories. Oliver Boyd-Barret defined it as “the process whereby the ownership, structure, distribution of content of the media in any one country are singly or together subject to substantial external pressures from the media interests of any other country or countries without proportionate reciprocation of influence by the country so affected (1977:117)
8
Counter Arguments/Concepts Contra-flows-Countries once thought as major “clients” of media imperialism such as Mexico, Canada, Brazil have successfully exported their programmes and personnel into the “Centre”. Mexico (Televisa Group), Brazil (TV Globo), Canada (CanWest) now export TV programmes and music to the countries all over the world. Regionalism-There is now greater exchange of news, TV programmes, print media, music between regions, e.g. DSTV (South Africa), Nollywood (Nigeria), Bollywood (India), Star TV (Hong Kong), Al Jazeera (Qatar), EuroNews (EU). Exchange of cultural products has also increased in Scandinavia. 9
Counter Arguments/Concepts Localisation-Local programmes remain popular and attract large audiences. People prefer to watch their own locally made programmes. Glocalisation/Hybridity-Term popularised by British sociologist Roland Robertson in the 1990s and later developed by Zygmunt Bauman. This is characterised by the global-local interaction, by cultural fusion as a result of adaptation of Western media genres to suit local cultures and languages. For example, US generic models (e.g. soaps, sitcoms, action movies) have invited domestic imitation based on the country´s cultural and social realities. 10
Questions for Discussion/Reflection In light of new developments in global and national media, is the concept of “media imperialism still relevant? What forms of “glocalisation” / “Hybridity” can you perceive in your own country? Despite the reversal of cultural flows from the North to the South, why do you think US cultural products (TV, Films, books) still dominate? 11
PARADIGMA BARU
IMPLIKASI
Demokratisasi
Bebas memilih
Kebebasan kemukakan pendapat dan Peroleh informasi
Masyarakat cenderung tanpa batas, Ruang publik vs Ruang privat
Otonomi Daerah
Desentralisasi; Peningkatan Pendapatan Daerah
Globalisasi
Pasar bebas; banyak pilihan; persaingan bebas; fokus bisnis; entitas
Edukasi
Masyarakat kritis
Good governance
Transparan, fair, akuntabel, profesional
Reinventing govt
Pemerintah sebagai enabler, KPS, KPM
Keterbukaan informasi
Masyarakat kritis
Masyarakat cerdas dan kritis
Good governance
Tingginya ekspektasi masyarakat kepada Pemerintah
Perubahan kultur birokrasi
Kemajuan TI dan Telekomunikasi
Pemerintahan yang Adaptif, responsif dan akomodatif 12
KONDISI EKONOMI MAKRO REGIONAL DAN NASIONAL (3) TUNTUTAN AKUNTABILITAS PUBLIK (1)
KONDISI POLITIK DAN KEAMANAN REGIONAL & NASIONAL (3)
PERATURAN PERUNDANGUNDANGAN NASIONAL (3)
TUNTUTAN TRANSPARANSI (1) KEBIJAKAN NASIONAL PERANSERTA MASYARAKAT& SWASTA (1)
TUNTUTAN PELAYANAN YANG EFISIEN (2)
TUNTUTAN KETERSEDIAAN PILIHAN PELAYANAN (2)
Lingkungan Internal LINGKUNGAN Yang INTERNAL Mempengaruhi K/L
STANDAR PELAYANAN MINIMUM (1)
PERKEMBANGAN TEKNOLOGI BIDANG TERKAIT (2)
KONDISI GEOGRAFIS DAERAH (3)
POTENSI KOMPETISI & KOLABORASI DENGAN DAERAH LAIN (2) TUNTUTAN PERLUASAN LAYANAN (2)
PELUANG & TANTANGAN DI TINGKAT DAERAH DAN REGIONAL (2)
TUNTUTAN PENINGKATAN KUALITAS LAYANAN (2)
VOICE/ PARTICIPATION (1) CHOICE/ EFFICIENCY (2) STRUCTURE (3)
13
People
Leadership & Innovation
Strategy & Planning Process
Business Result
Customer & Market Focus Processes, Product & Services
14
P LI BR S,P C&M &P F P,P & S
Is the Media Biased? Newspaper editors and owners are more conservative than general public. More newspapers endorsed Bush than Gore Newspapers rely on business advertising Reporters are more liberal (on some issues) than general public Liberals may gravitate towards media careers Media concerned with “balanced” viewpoints (conflict makes good television). People perceive bias through their partisan filter. 16
AGENDA CUTTING
REALITY NOT SHOWN BY MEDIA
AGENDA KEBIJAKAN KOMUNIKASI POLITIK K/L
?
REALITY : 3.POLITIC 4.ECONOMY 5.SCIENCE 6.SOCIETY
DIRECT IMPACT
PUBLIC PERCEPTION OF REALITY
MEDIA REALITY : 17
TERIMA KASIH SUMATERA
KALIMANTAN
IRIAN JAYA
JAVA
Nama Tempat/Tgl. Lahir Agama Status Alamat
REYDONNYZAR MOENEK
: : : : :
Padang, 14 Nopember 1962 Islam Menikah, dengan 3 anak Kementerian Dalam Negeri, Sekretariat Jenderal Pusat Penerangan Jl. Medan Merdeka Utara Nomor 7 Jakarta Pusat Tel/Fax: 021-3842021 Pesawat 2253 Hp:
PENDIDIKAN
0818710342
1987
:
S1 Tugas Belajar pada UNIVERSITAS GADJAH MADA Yogyakarta Jurusan Ilmu Administrasi Negara.
1993 – 1994
:
S2 (Pasca Sarjana) pada ASIAN INSTITUTE Of MANAGEMENT (AIM) – Makati, Metro Manila, Phillippines. Master in Development Management (M. Devt. M) – Analyst Investasi, Keuangan, Desentralisasi Fiskal dan Public-Private Partnership Specialist.
1994
:
15
“ Exchange Program ” Between Asian Institute Of Management (AIM) Phillippines with Australian Universities, Australia. :
Post Graduated (Candidate Ph.D) pada Local Autonomy College University of Tokyo Jepang, spesialis
“ Local Government and Regional Finance “. Disertasi: “Searching for the Equilibrium : Reformatting the National Integrity, Fiscal Decentralization Indonesia’s Cases “. 2011
:
Kandidat Doktor llmu Pemerintahan pada Pascasarjana Universitas Padjadjaran Bandung
PENGALAMAN/PEKERJAAN
Pengajar/Pengajar Tamu, Konsultan Lepas pada berbagai institusi bidang Ekonomi, Keuangan, Manajemen, dan Desentralisasi Fiskal dalam dan luar negeri.
Penyusun Modul berbagai Pelatihan / Pendidikan Ekonomi, Keuangan, dan Manajemen.
Pembicara / Keynote Speakers / Organizer Seminar dalam dan luar negeri bidang Ekonomi, Politik, Keuangan, Manajemen dan Desentralisasi Fiskal.
Direktur Administrasi Pendapatan dan Investasi Daerah, Direktorat Jenderal Bina Administrasi Keuangan Daerah (BAKD), Departemen Dalam Negeri.
JABATAN SEKARANG
