Lesson 20 VALIDATION COPY 1.0 JUNE 2007 Hari-Hari Raya dan Tradisi Nasional Holidays and Traditions
In this lesson, you will learn about the major holidays celebrated by Indonesians. You will also learn the words and phrases that are used to describe these occasions as well as the terms and phrases that are used for the universal celebrations such as birthdays.
School girls celebrating Indonesian Independence Day
271
Women on their way to celebrate Galungang
1. Read along while listening to the following words and repeat them after the speaker.
Marriage Birthday Engagement Funeral Holiday New Year's Day Christmas Easter Independence Day Moslem's New Year Mother's Day Veterans Day Hero Christian Moslem Flag To raise the flag Full staff (flag) Half staff (flag) To commemorate Birth Death Color To color To color eggs Jesus Christ Fasting Fasting month Special To pay respect To finish/ To end
Perkawinan/ Pernikahan Hari ulang tahun/ Hari lahir Tukar cincin (lit., exchanging of the rings) Pemakaman Hari Raya Hari Tahun Baru Hari Natal Hari Paskah Hari Kemerdekaan Hari Raya Lebaran Hari Ibu Hari Pahlawan (lit., Heroes Day) Pahlawan Umat Kristiani/ Kristen Umat Islam Bendera Mengibarkan bendera Sepenuh tiang Setengah tiang Merayakan Kelahiran Kematian Warna Mewarnai Mewarnai telur-telur Tuhan Yesus Puasa Bulan puasa Khusus Menghormati Selesai
Congratulatory Phrases As explained in the first chapter, Indonesians use the word selamat (lit., to be safe, to have peace) in many Indonesian greetings. Selamat is also used to express congratulations to someone or to wish happiness, safe travel, and so on. Job promotion Wedding Birth of a child Christmas
Selamat naik pangkat Selamat berbahagia Selamat atas kelahiran anak anda Selamat hari Natal
272
New Year Easter Sabbath's day (the Lord's day) Moslem New Year
Selamat Tahun Baru Selamat hari Paskah Selamat Sabat Selamat hari raya Eid Mubarak/ Lebaran
Indonesian Holidays Christmas (hari Natal) Recognized as a national holiday in Indonesia, Christmas is celebrated nationwide by those who profess the Christian faith. Unlike in the U.S., the celebration of Christmas in Indonesia does not require the tradition of giving gifts. Indonesians celebrate Christmas by gathering for a celebratory meal on Christmas day and the day after. Often the younger generation will visit the older generation on the first day, while the older generation visits the home of the younger generation on the following day. New Year’s Day (hari Tahun baru): The first of January is a national holiday. There is no traditional way to celebrate this holiday, although Indonesians celebrate New Year's Eve in a variety of ways. Easter (hari Paskah): The Christians in Indonesia celebrate Easter by going to church and visiting family and friends. They do not color eggs or have egg hunts. Easter is a national holiday for Indonesia even though the majority of Indonesians are Moslems. Since Easter falls on Sunday each year, the government designates the following Monday as the national holiday. Proclamation of Independence, August 17 (hari Kemerdekaan): Similar to the 4th of July celebration in the United States, August 17 is celebrated as the day Indonesians gained their independence. The highlight of the celebration is a flag-raising ceremony held at the State Palace. The president and vice president lead this ceremony. It is attended by dignitaries, military leaders, current and past presidential family members, cabinet members and honored Indonesian citizens. High school students who are skilled in marching are selected to participate in hoisting the flag while the military in dress uniforms stand in formation. Afterwards, there is a lavish banquet at the palace. The people celebrate by displaying the national flag at their homes and participating in many special activities, such as sporting events, Boy Scout and Girl Scout activities, scientific and literary competitions, and the selection of exemplary teachers, students, social workers, doctors and so forth. Eid Mubarak (a Moslem holiday to mark the end of the Ramadan): Since this celebration is based upon the lunar calendar, it does not always fall on the same date each year. The celebration marks the conclusion of a month-long fasting period that is observed
273
by all devout Moslems. The celebration follows general prayers at a mosque, after which people visit each other to pay their respects and to ask their elders and friends for forgiveness. Special foods are prepared for the occasion and eaten at a communal meal. Indonesians celebrate Eid Mubarak for two days as a national holiday.
Veterans Day (hari Pahlawan): Veterans Day falls on November 13 each year, and it is a day to honor those who have given their service to the country. The people honor the veterans by flying the national flag at their homes at half-mast. The president and her staff bring white flower wreaths to the National Cemetery to lay on the graves of well-known national heroes. Mother's Day (hari Ibu): Mother’s Day falls on December 22 each year. Indonesians honor their mothers by setting this day aside for a lengthy visit with their mothers. Unlike Americans, bringing gifts or even flowers is uncommon when visiting their mothers on this special day. Grammar Notes The prefixes me, mem, meng, meny, and men, with the suffix i, is used with certain nouns to create verbs. Hormat (respect) becomes menghormati (to respect something or someone). Kita harus menghormati pahlawan-pahlawan kita. (We must respect our heroes.) Warna (color) becomes mewarnai (to color something). Anak-anak mewarnai telur-telur untuk hari Paskah. (The children colored the eggs for Easter.) The prefix me, mem, meng, meny, and men, with the suffix kan, is also used with some nouns to create verbs. Raya (great or large) becomes merayakan (to celebrate or to commemorate). Kami merayakan hari Natal. (We celebrate Christmas.) The prefix ke and the suffix an are used with certain adjectives to create nouns. Mati (to be dead) becomes kematian (the death). Kami sedih atas kematian bapak kami. (We're saddened by the death of our father.) Lahir (to be born) becomes kelahiran (the birth). Selamat atas kelahiran anak anda. (Congratulations on the birth of your child.)
274
2. Match the vocabulary words listed below to the pictures. Use the vocabulary list to check your answers.
Hari ulang tahun Kelahiran Pemakaman Perkawinan Tukar cincin
3. Read along with the speaker and write the occasion, in Indonesian, for when each phrase is used. Selamat naik pangkat _____________________________________________ Selamat berbahagia_______________________________________________ Selamat atas kelahiran anak anda___________________________________ Selamat hari Natal________________________________________________ Selamat Tahun Baru______________________________________________ Selamat hari Paskah______________________________________________ Selamat Sabat____________________________________________________ Selamat hari raya Eid Mubarak/ Lebaran____________________________
4. Familiarize yourself with the following holidays as you listen to their names. Label each holiday accordingly. Check your answers with the Answer Key. hari Natal hari Tahun Baru hari Paskah hari Kemerdekaan hari Raya Lebaran hari Ibu hari Pahlawan
275
5. Match the Indonesian words on the right with its English equivalent on the left. Connect them with lines. Check your answers with the Answer Key.
Christmas Easter New Years Independence Day Veterans Day
Hari Paskah Hari Tahun Baru Hari kemerdekaan Hari Pahlawan Hari Natal
6. Fill in the blanks with the correct holiday or occasion. Choose from the vocabulary listed below. Check your answers with the Answer Key. Paskah Eid Mubarak Krishna Tahun Baru
Kemerdekaan Natal Ibu Pahlawan
A. Hari ____________________adalah hari untuk umat Kristen merayakan hari lahir Tuhan Yesus. B. Pahlawan-pahlawan di Indonesia dihormati pada hari__________________________________________. C. Hari ___________________adalah hari khusus untuk wanita yang punya anak. D. Di Amerika, anak-anak mewarnai telur-telur pada hari________________________________________. E. Tanggal 1 Januari tiap tahun adalah hari ____________________________________________. F. Umat Islam merayakan hari______________________sesudah bulan puasa selesai. G. Tanggal 17 Agustus adalah hari______________________untuk bangsa Indonesia .
276
End-of-Lesson Tasks
1. Write what you might say in Indonesian to someone on the occasions listed below. Check your answers with the Answer Key. New baby__________________________________________________________________ Birthday___________________________________________________________________ New Year’s_________________________________________________________________ Funeral____________________________________________________________________ Christmas/other major religious holiday__________________________________________ Marriage___________________________________________________________________
2. Which holidays do Indonesians and Americans have in common? In what ways are they celebrated the same and in what ways are they different. In Indonesian, write about your favorite holiday and explain why it is your favorite.
277
Vocabulary Birth Birthday Christian Christmas Color Death Easter Engagement Fasting month Fasting Flag Full staff (flag) Funeral Half staff (flag) Hero Holiday Independence Day Jesus Christ Marriage Moslem Moslem's New Year Mother's Day New Year's Day Special To color eggs To color To commemorate To finish/ To end To pay respect To raise the flag Veterans Day
Kelahiran Hari lahir/ Hari ulang tahun Umat Kristiani/ Kristen Hari Natal Warna Kematian Hari Paskah Tukar cincin (lit., exchanging of the rings) Bulan puasa Puasa Bendera Sepenuh tiang Pemakaman Setengah tiang Pahlawan Hari Raya Hari Kemerdekaan Tuhan Yesus Perkawinan/ Pernikahan Umat Islam Hari Raya Lebaran Hari Ibu Hari Tahun Baru Khusus Mewarnai telur-telur Mewarnai Merayakan Selesai Menghormati Mengibarkan bendera Hari Pahlawan (lit., Heroes day)
278
Answer Key Exercise 4 Christmas New Year Easter Independence Day Moslem’s New Year moon) Mother's Day Veterans Day
hari Natal hari Tahun Baru hari Paskah hari Kemerdekaan (falls on the 17th of August) hari Raya Lebaran( the date varies each year depending on the cycle of the hari Ibu (falls on the 22nd of December) hari Pahlawan (lit., Heroes Day, falls on November 13)
Exercise 5 Christmas Easter Hari Tahun Baru Hari kemerdekaan Hari Pahlawan
Hari Natal Hari Paskah New Year’s Day Independence Day Veterans Day
Exercise 6 A. Hari Natal adalah hari untuk umat Kristen merayakan hari lahir Tuhan Yesus. B. Pahlawan-pahlawan di Indonesia dihormati pada hari Pahlawan. C. Hari Ibu adalah hari khusus untuk wanita yang punya anak. D. Di Amerika, anak-anak mewarnai telur-telur pada hari Paskah. E. Tanggal 1 January tiap tahun adalah hari tahun Baru. F. Umat Islam merayakan hari Eid Mubarak sesudah bulan puasa selesai. G. Tanggal 17 Agustus adalah hari Kemerdekaan untuk bangsa Indonesia. A. B. C. D. E. F. G.
Christmas is the day the Christians celebrate Jesus’ birthday. The Veterans in Indonesia are honored on the Veteran’s day. Mother’s day is the day especially for women with kids. In America, little kids color hard broiled eggs on Easter day. The New Year’s day falls on January 1st. The Moslems celebrate Eid Mubarak after the Ramadan is over. Indonesian independence day falls on the 17th. of August.
End-of-Lesson Tasks 1. New baby: Selamat atas kelahiran anak anda. Birthday: Selamat ulang tahun. New Year’s: Selamat Tahun Baru.
279
Funeral: Christmas: Marriage:
Turut berduka cita. Selamat hari Natal Selamat atas perkawinan anda.
280
