ANALISIS DAN PERANCANGAN SISTEM BASIS DATA KEPEGAWAIAN BERBASIS WEB PADA PT MULTI STRUCTURE SKRIPSI. Oleh. Agus Sri Indrawan Sigit

ANALIS IS DAN PERANCANGAN S IS TEM BAS IS DATA KEPEGAWAIAN BERBAS IS WEB PAD A PT MULTI S TRUCTURE

S KRIPS I

Oleh

Agus S ri Indrawan S igit 1000850216 Ariane S uci Ismarani

1000851111

Yayang S yarif Hidayat

1000851295

Kelas/Kelompok : 07PCT/07

Universitas Bina Nusantara Jakarta 2010

ANALIS IS DAN PERANCANGAN S IS TEM BAS IS DATA KEPEGAWAIAN BERBAS IS WEB PAD A PT MULTI S TRUCTURE

S KRIPS I

diajukan sebagai salah satu syarat untuk gelar kesarjanaan pada Jurusan Teknik Informatika Jenjang Pendidikan S trata-1

Oleh

Agus S ri Indrawan S igit 1000850216 Ariane S uci Ismarani

1000851111

Yayang S yarif Hidayat

1000851295

Kelas/Kelompok : 07PCT/07

Universitas Bina Nusantara Jakarta 2010

ANALIS IS DAN PERANCANGAN S IS TEM BAS IS DATA KEPEGAWAIAN BERBAS IS WEB PAD A PT MULTI S TRUCTURE

S KRIPS I

Disusun oleh :

Agus Sri Indrawan Sigit 1000850216

Ariane Suci Ismarani 1000851111

Disetujui oleh : Pembimbing

Ashari, S .Kom., M.Kom. Kddsn : D1844

Universitas Bina Nusantara Jakarta 2010

Yayang Syarif Hidayat 1000851295

PERNYATAAN

Dengan ini kami, Nama

: Agus Sri Indrawan Sigit

NIM

: 1000850216

Nama

: Ariane Suci Ismarani

NIM

: 1000851111

Nama

: Yayang Syarif Hidayat

NIM

: 1000851295

Judul skripsi : Analisis dan Perancangan Sistem Basis Data Kepegawaian Berbasis Web pada PT. Multi Structure

M emberikan kepada Universitas Bina Nusantara hak non-eksklusif untuk menyimpan, memperbanyak, dan menyebarluaskan skripsi karya kami, secara keseluruhan atau hanya sebagian atau hanya ringkasannya saja, dalam bentuk format tercetak dan atau elektronik.

M enyatakan bahwa kami, akan mempertahankan hak exclusive kami, untuk menggunakan seluruh atau sebagian isi skripsi kami, guna pengembangan karya di masa depan, misalnya bentuk artikel, buku, perangkat lunak, ataupun sistem informasi.

Jakarta, 13 Februari 2010

Agus Sri Indrawan Sigit

Ariane Suci Ismarani

Yayang Syarif Hidayat

Prakata

Dengan mengucapkan puji syukur kehadirat Tuhan Yang M aha Esa, atas segala rahmat dan karunia-Nya, penulis menyelesaikan skripsi dengan judul : “Analisis dan Perancangan Sistem Basis Data Kepegawaian Berbasis Web pada PT. M ulti Structure”.

Penelitian ini ingin mengetahui dan menganalis sistem kepegawaian yang ada pada perusahaan ini. M ulai perencanaan sampai dengan penyelesaian skripsi ini, penulis telah banyak mendapatkan bantuan-bantuan dari berbagai pihak, oleh karena itu dalam kesempatan ini penulis mengucapkan banyak terima kasih kepada pihak-pihak sebagai berikut :

1.

Bapak Prof. Dr. Ir. Harjanto Prabowo, MM., selaku Rektor Universitas Bina Nusantara.

2.

Bapak Ir. Sablin Yusuf, M .Sc., M .Comp.Sc., selaku Dekan Universitas Bina Nusantara.

3.

Bapak Fredy Purnomo, S.Kom., M .Kom., selaku Ketua jurusan Teknik Informatika Universitas Bina Nusantara.

4.

Ibu Yen Lina Prasetio, S.Kom., M .CompSc., M .Kom., selaku Sekretaris jurusan Teknik Informatika Universitas Bina Nusantara.

5.

Bapak Ashari, S.Kom., M .Kom., selaku dosen pembimbing yang telah dengan sabar memberikan petunjuk serta bimbingan, sehingga dapat menyelesaikan skripsi ini.

6.

Bapak Kukuh Wahyu Adji, selaku Kepala Bagian HRD yang telah memberikan izin untuk melakukan survei dan penelitian skripsi pada bagian kepegawaian pada PT. M ulti Struscture.

7.

Hans Saputra, selaku staff IT pada PT. M ulti Structure yang telah memberikan banyak informasi dan petunjuk untuk penelitian ini.

8.

Yang terhormat Bapak dan Ibu dosen yang telah mengasuh serta memberikan bekal ilmu, selama penulis kuliah di Universitas Bina Nusantara.

9.

Yang terhormat kedua rekan-rekan penulis yang telah membantu dalam rangka penyelesaian skripsi ini.

10.

Yang terhormat Bapak dan Ibu orang tua yang telah memberikan dorongan dan doa restu, baik moral maupun material selama penulis menuntut ilmu.

Semoga Tuhan Yang M aha Esa senantiasa memberikan Rahmat dan Karunia-Nya kepada semua pihak yang telah memberikan segala bantuan tersebut di atas. Skripsi ini tentu saja masih jauh dari sempurna, sehingga penulis dengan senang hati menerima kritik demi perbaikan. Kepada peneliti lain mungkin masih bisa mengembangkan hasil penelitian ini pada ruang lingkup yang lebih luas dan analisis yang lebih tajam. Akhirnya semoga skripsi ini ada manfaatnya.

Jakarta, Januari 2010

Penulis

Daftar Isi

Halaman Judul Luar ............................................................................................................. i Halaman Judul Dalam ......................................................................................................... ii Halaman Persetujuan Hard Cover...................................................................................... iii Halaman Pernyataan Dewan Penguji ................................................................................. iv Halaman Pemberian Hak Cipta Non Eksklusif dari M ahasiswa ke Universitas Bina Nusantara............................................................................................................................. v Abstrak ............................................................................................................................... vi Prakata ............................................................................................................................... vii Daftar Isi............................................................................................................................. ix Daftar Tabel...................................................................................................................... xiv Daftar Gambar ................................................................................................................. xvii Daftar Lampiran ............................................................................................................... xix BAB 1 PENDAHULUAN................................................................................................... 1 1.1

Latar Belakang .......................................................................................... 1

1.2

Ruang Lingkup .......................................................................................... 2

1.3

Tujuan dan M anfaat................................................................................... 3

1.4

M etodologi ................................................................................................ 3

1.5

Sistematika Penulisan................................................................................ 6

BAB 2 LANDASAN TEORI.............................................................................................. 8 2.1

Teori-Teori Umum .................................................................................... 8

2.1.1

Pengertian Data ......................................................................................... 8

2.1.2

Pengertian Basis Data................................................................................ 8

2.1.3

Sistem Basis data....................................................................................... 9

2.1.4

Database Management System (DBM S)................................................. 10

2.1.5

M odel Relasional..................................................................................... 14

2.1.6

Basis Data Relasional .............................................................................. 14

2.1.7

Entity Relationship Modeling .................................................................. 15

2.1.8

Normalisasi.............................................................................................. 22

2.1.9

Database Application Lifecycle............................................................... 27

2.1.10

Teknik Penemuan Fakta (Fact-Finding Techniques) .............................. 50

2.1.11

Web .......................................................................................................... 55

2.1.12

Internet..................................................................................................... 56

2.1.13

Web Security............................................................................................ 57

2.1.14

Flowchart ................................................................................................ 58

2.1.15

PHP.......................................................................................................... 62

2.1.16

MySql ...................................................................................................... 62

2.2

Teori-teori Khusus yang Berhubungan dengan Topik yang Dibahas ..... 63

2.2.1

Pengertian Sumber Daya M anusia .......................................................... 63

2.2.2

Pengertian Perekrutan.............................................................................. 63

2.2.3

Pengertian Kinerja ................................................................................... 65

2.2.4

Pengertian Training ................................................................................ 66

2.2.5

M utasi...................................................................................................... 67

2.2.6

Promosi.................................................................................................... 68

2.2.7

Cuti .......................................................................................................... 68

BAB 3 ANALISIS SISTEM YANG SEDANG BERJALAN .......................................... 69 3.1 3.1.1

Riwayat Perusahaan ............................................................................... 69 Sejarah Perusahaan.................................................................................. 69

3.1.2 3.2

Struktur Organisasi Perusahaan............................................................... 71

3.2.1

Struktur Organisasi PT. M ulti Structure.................................................. 71

3.2.2

Wewenang dan Tanggung Jawab ............................................................ 72

3.3

 

Visi dan M isi Perusahaan ........................................................................ 70

Prosedur yang Sedang Berjalan............................................................... 85

3.3.1

Prosedur Penerimaan ............................................................................... 85

3.3.2

Flowchart Proses Penerimaan ................................................................. 85

3.3.3

Prosedur M onitoring M asa Percobaan ................................................... 87

3.3.4

Flowchart Proses M onitoring M asa Percobaan ...................................... 87

3.3.5

Prosedur Sistem Penilaian Kinerja .......................................................... 89

3.3.6

Flowchart Sistem Penilaian Kinerja........................................................ 89

3.3.7

Prosedur Pelaksanaan Training ............................................................... 91

3.3.8

Flowchart Proses Pelaksanaan Training ................................................. 91

3.3.9

Prosedur M utasi....................................................................................... 93

3.3.10

Flowchart Proses M utasi......................................................................... 93

3.3.11

Prosedur Promosi .................................................................................... 95

3.3.12

Flowchart Proses Promosi....................................................................... 95

3.3.13

Prosedur Cuti........................................................................................... 97

3.3.14

Flowchart Proses Cuti ............................................................................. 97

3.4

Kondisi Aktual ........................................................................................ 99

3.5

Infrastruktur Teknologi Informasi......................................................... 100

3.6

Kebutuhan Informasi ............................................................................. 101

3.7

Permasalahan yang dihadapi ................................................................. 102

3.8

Alternatif Pemecahan M asalah.............................................................. 103

BAB 4 RANCANGAN SISTEM YANG DIUSULKAN ............................................... 104 4.1

Perancangan Basis Data ........................................................................ 104

4.1.1

Perancangan Basis Data Konseptual ..................................................... 104

4.1.1.1 M engidentifikasikan Tipe-Type Entity ................................................. 105 4.1.1.2 M engidentifikasikan Tipe-Tipe Relationship........................................ 106 4.1.1.3 M engidentifikasikan dan M enghubungkan Atribut-Atribut dengan Tipe Entity dan Relationship ......................................................................... 107 4.1.1.4 M enentukan Atribut-Atribut Candidate Key dan Primary Key ............ 118 4.1.1.5 M emeriksa M odel dari Redudansi ........................................................ 119 4.1.1.6 M emvalidasi Data M odel Konseptual Lokal dengan Transaksi-Transaksi User ....................................................................................................... 119 4.1.2

Perancangan Basis Data Logikal ........................................................... 123

4.1.2.1 M enghilangkan Fitur yang Tidak Kompatibel dengan M odel Relasional ............................................................................................................... 124 4.1.2.2 M emperoleh Relasi untuk M odel Data Logikal .................................... 127 4.1.2.3 Normalisasi............................................................................................ 141 4.1.2.4 M enentukan Integrity Constraints......................................................... 145 4.1.2.5 M embangun dan M emvalidasi Global Logical Data Model................. 149 4.1.3

Perancangan Basis Data Fisikal ................................................................ 1

4.1.3.1 M erancang Base Relation.......................................................................... 1 4.1.3.2 Desain Representasi Data dari Derived Data.......................................... 43 4.1.3.3 M erancang Constraint Perusahaan.......................................................... 44 4.1.3.4 Analisis Transaksi ................................................................................... 45 4.1.3.5 M emilih File Organisasi .......................................................................... 51 4.1.3.6 Pemilihan Index ....................................................................................... 51 4.1.3.7 Estimasi Ukuran M edia Penyimpanan .................................................... 52

4.1.3.8 M endesain View Pengguna...................................................................... 65 4.1.3.8 M ekanisme Keamanan Basis Data .......................................................... 72 4.2

Pemilihan DBM S .................................................................................... 73

4.3

Perancangan Aplikasi .............................................................................. 73

4.3.1

Struktur M enu.......................................................................................... 73

4.3.2

State Transition Diagram (STD)............................................................. 75

4.4

Implementasi ........................................................................................... 81

4.4.1

Spesifikasi Perangkat Keras (Hardware) ................................................ 81

4.4.2

Spesifikasi Perangkat Lunak (Software) ................................................. 82

4.4.3

Arsitektur Aplikasi .................................................................................. 82

4.4.4

Jadwal Implementasi ............................................................................... 83

4.4.5

Prosedur Penggunaan .............................................................................. 85

4.5

Evaluasi ................................................................................................... 85

4.5.1

Evaluasi Database ................................................................................... 85

4.5.2

Rencana Backup dan Recovery................................................................ 86 4.5.2.1 Rencana Backup ...................................................................................... 86 4.5.2.2 Rencana Recovery ................................................................................... 87

4.5.3

Protoype Aplikasi.................................................................................... 87

BAB 5 SIM PULAN DAN SARAN.................................................................................. 88 5.1

Simpulan.................................................................................................. 88

5.2

Saran ........................................................................................................ 88

DAFTAR PUSTAKA........................................................................................................ 90 RIWAYAT HIDUP........................................................................................................... 92  

Daftar Tabel Tabel 2. 1 Simbol-simbol Flowchart ................................................................................ 58 Tabel 3. 1 Flowchart proses penerimaan .......................................................................... 86 Tabel 3. 2 Flowchart proses monitoring masa percobaan................................................. 88 Tabel 3. 3 Flowchart proses penilaian kinerja .................................................................. 90 Tabel 3. 4 Flowchart proses training................................................................................. 92 Tabel 3. 5 Flowchart proses mutasi .................................................................................. 94 Tabel 3. 6 Flowchart proses promosi................................................................................ 96 Tabel 3. 7 Flowchart proses cuti ....................................................................................... 98 Tabel 3. 8 Kebutuhan informasi ...................................................................................... 101 Tabel 4. 1 Tabel identifikasi tipe entity ........................................................................... 105 Tabel 4. 2 Tabel identifikasi tipe relationship ................................................................. 106 Tabel 4. 3 Tabel atribut entity Karyawan ........................................................................ 107 Tabel 4. 4 Tabel atribut entity Pelamar ........................................................................... 109 Tabel 4. 5 Tabel atribut entity PermintaanKaryawan...................................................... 110 Tabel 4. 6 Tabel atribut entity PenilaianWawancara....................................................... 111 Tabel 4. 7 Tabel atribut entity Rekomendasi................................................................... 111 Tabel 4. 8 Tabel atribut entity M onitoring M asa Percobaan ........................................... 112 Tabel 4. 9 Tabel atribut entity PenilaianKinerja.............................................................. 113 Tabel 4. 10 Tabel atribut entity Training......................................................................... 114 Tabel 4. 11 Tabel atribut entity EvaluasiTraining ........................................................... 114 Tabel 4. 12 Tabel atribut entity M utasi ........................................................................... 115 Tabel 4. 13 Tabel atribut entity Promosi ......................................................................... 116 Tabel 4. 14 Tabel atribut entity Cuti................................................................................ 117 Tabel 4. 15 Tabel candidate key dan primary key........................................................... 118

Tabel 4. 16 Strong entity ................................................................................................. 128 Tabel 4. 17 Weak entity ................................................................................................... 129 Tabel 4. 18 M odel data logikal lokal............................................................................... 137 Tabel 4. 19 Referential integrity...................................................................................... 145 Tabel 4. 20 M odel data logikal global............................................................................. 149 Tabel 4. 21 Tabel analisis transaksi (a) ............................................................................. 45 Tabel 4. 22 Tabel analisis transaksi (b) ............................................................................. 46 Tabel 4. 23 Tabel analisis transaksi (c) ............................................................................. 47 Tabel 4. 24 Tabel analisis transaksi (d) ............................................................................. 48 Tabel 4. 25 Tabel analisis transaksi (e) ............................................................................. 49 Tabel 4. 26 Tabel analisis transaksi (f).............................................................................. 50 Tabel 4. 27 Tabel pemilihan Index .................................................................................... 51 Tabel 4. 28 Estimasi tabel Karyawan ................................................................................ 52 Tabel 4. 29 Estimasi tabel Divisi....................................................................................... 53 Tabel 4. 30 Estimasi tabel Jabatan .................................................................................... 53 Tabel 4. 31 Estimasi tabel Telepon ................................................................................... 54 Tabel 4. 32 Estimasi tabel Email....................................................................................... 54 Tabel 4. 33 Estimasi tabel OrangTua ................................................................................ 54 Tabel 4. 34 Estimasi tabel Anak........................................................................................ 54 Tabel 4. 35 Estimasi tabel Teman ..................................................................................... 55 Tabel 4. 36 Estimasi tabel Pendidikan .............................................................................. 55 Tabel 4. 37 Estimasi tabel Bahasa..................................................................................... 55 Tabel 4. 38 Estimasi tabel Pengalaman............................................................................. 56 Tabel 4. 39 Estimasi tabel Sertifikat ................................................................................. 56 Tabel 4. 40 Estimasi tabel Bank ........................................................................................ 56

Tabel 4. 41 Estimasi tabel Referensi ................................................................................. 57 Tabel 4. 42 Estimasi tabel Gambar ................................................................................... 57 Tabel 4. 43 Estimasi tabel Pelamar ................................................................................... 57 Tabel 4. 44 Estimasi tabel PermintaanKaryawan.............................................................. 58 Tabel 4. 45 Estimasi tabel PenilaianWawancara............................................................... 58 Tabel 4. 46 Estimasi tabel Rekomendasi........................................................................... 59 Tabel 4. 47 Estimasi tabel M onitoringM asaPercobaan..................................................... 59 Tabel 4. 48 Estimasi tabel KontrakKerja .......................................................................... 60 Tabel 4. 49 Estimasi tabel PenilaianKinerja ..................................................................... 60 Tabel 4. 50 Estimasi tabel Training................................................................................... 61 Tabel 4. 51 Estimasi tabel JenisPenyelenggara................................................................. 61 Tabel 4. 52 Estimasi tabel JenisPembiayaan..................................................................... 62 Tabel 4. 53 Estimasi tabel TrainingKaryawan .................................................................. 62 Tabel 4. 54 Estimasi tabel EvaluasiTraining..................................................................... 62 Tabel 4. 55 Estimasi tabel M utasi ..................................................................................... 63 Tabel 4. 56 Estimasi tabel Promosi ................................................................................... 63 Tabel 4. 57 Estimasi tabel Cuti ......................................................................................... 64 Tabel 4. 58 Estimasi tabel JenisCuti ................................................................................. 64 Tabel 4. 59 Total kapasitas yang dibutuhkan .................................................................... 65 Tabel 4. 60 Tabel view user .............................................................................................. 65 Tabel 4. 61 Tabel keamanan basis data ............................................................................. 72 Tabel 4. 62 Jadwal implementasi ...................................................................................... 83 Tabel 4. 63 Rencana Backup ............................................................................................. 86

Daftar Gambar Gambar 2. 1 Komponen DBM S........................................................................................ 11 Gambar 2. 2 Representasi diagram dari tipe entity ........................................................... 15 Gambar 2. 3 Representasi diagram dari relationship ........................................................ 16 Gambar 2. 4 Contoh binary relationship........................................................................... 16 Gambar 2. 5 Contoh ternary relationship ......................................................................... 17 Gambar 2. 6 Contoh quaternary relationship ................................................................... 17 Gambar 2. 7 Contoh unary relationship............................................................................ 18 Gambar 2. 8 Contoh strong entity dan weak entity ........................................................... 20 Gambar 2. 9 Contoh one-to-one (1:1) relationships ......................................................... 21 Gambar 2. 10 Contoh one-to-many (1:*) relationships .................................................... 21 Gambar 2. 11 Contoh many-to-many (*:*) relationships.................................................. 22 Gambar 2. 12 Diagram ilustrasi hubungan antara normal forms ...................................... 24 Gambar 3. 1 Struktur organisasi PT. M ulti Structure........................................................ 71 Gambar 3. 2 Arsitektur jaringan PT.M ulti Structure....................................................... 100 Gambar 4. 1 ER Diagram tipe entity dan tipe relationship ............................................. 107 Gambar 4. 2 ER Diagram hubungan antar kandidat dan atribut primary key ................. 118 Gambar 4. 3 Hubungan redudansi tabel Karyawan dan Training ................................... 119 Gambar 4. 4 Hubungan tabel Karyawan dan Training.................................................... 119 Gambar 4. 5 Daftar informasi yang dapat dilihat oleh user ............................................ 120 Gambar 4. 6 Update atau delete yang dapat dilakukan oleh user ................................... 121 Gambar 4. 7 Entry data yang dapat dilakukan oleh user................................................. 122 Gambar 4. 8 Hubungan many-to-many pada tabel Karyawan dan Training ................... 124 Gambar 4. 9 Hubungan many-to-many recursive pada tabel Karyawan dan Training ... 125 Gambar 4. 10 Multi-valued pada tabel Karyawan........................................................... 127

Gambar 4. 11 M odel Diagram Relasional Global ........................................................... 159 Gambar 4. 12 Struktur menu ............................................................................................. 74 Gambar 4. 13 STD Halaman Login................................................................................... 75 Gambar 4. 14 STD Halaman Utama HRD ........................................................................ 75 Gambar 4. 15 STD Halaman Utama Kepala Bagian......................................................... 76 Gambar 4. 16 STD Halaman Utama Karyawan ................................................................ 76 Gambar 4. 17 STD Halaman Utama M anajer ................................................................... 77 Gambar 4. 18 STD Halaman Penerimaan HRD ................................................................ 77 Gambar 4. 19 STD Halaman Penerimaan Kepala Bagian................................................. 78 Gambar 4. 20 STD Halaman Penerimaan M anajer ........................................................... 78 Gambar 4. 21 STD Halaman M onitoring HRD ................................................................ 78 Gambar 4. 22 STD Halaman M onitoring Kepala Bagian ................................................. 79 Gambar 4. 23 STD Halaman Penilaian HRD .................................................................... 79 Gambar 4. 24 STD Halaman Penilaian Kepala Bagian..................................................... 80 Gambar 4. 25 STD Halaman M utasi Kepala Bagian ........................................................ 80 Gambar 4. 26 STD Halaman Promosi Kepala Bagian ...................................................... 80 Gambar 4. 27 STD Halaman Cuti HRD............................................................................ 81 Gambar 4. 28 Arsitektur Aplikasi ..................................................................................... 83

Daftar Lampiran Lampiran 1 – Form Permohonan Tenaga Kerja ................................................................ L1 Lampiran 2 – Form Hasil Penilaian Wawancara............................................................... L2 Lampiran 3 – Form Rekomendasi / Tindakan yang Diambil ............................................ L3 Lampiran 4 – Form Penilaian Kinerja ............................................................................... L4 Lampiran 5 – Form Permintaan Training.......................................................................... L8 Lampiran 6 – Form Evaluasi Pelaksanaan Program Pelatihan.......................................... L9 Lampiran 7 – Form Promosi / M utasi Karyawan............................................................ L11 Lampiran 8 – Form Surat Permohonan Cuti ................................................................... L12 Lampiran 9 – Hasil Wawancara ...................................................................................... L13 Lampiran 10 – Prosedur Penggunaan.............................................................................. L17 Lampiran 11 – Tabel Evaluasi Rancangan Layar ........................................................... L94