BOOK!
De duurzame stad Ton Venhoeven VenhoevenCS architecture+urbanism Rijksadviseur infrastructuur
Ontwerpopdracht voor 5 architectenbureaus
Project: Green Architecture 2008
Vervolg
Project: Duurzame stad 2040 Atelier Rijksbouwmeester Planbureau voor de Leefomgeving Ministerie van VROM Publicatie van de eerste ontwerpopdracht
Architect: 5IN4E
Architect: ONIX
Architect: EEA Architects
Architect: Architectenbureau Paul de Ruiter
Architect: VMX Architects
De duurzame stad
GJ/persoon 350
USA
300 Australia
250 200
EU
150
Korea
100 China 50 India 0
Japan
Mexico Brazil Thailand
0 5 10 15 20 25 GDP/persoon (‘000 1997$ PPP)
30
35
Energie gebruik / toename welvaart / bevolkingsgroei
•
Huidige wereldbevolking 6,8 miljard
•
huidige ecologische footprint 1,5 aarde
•
Toename wereldbevolking tot 15 miljard in 2100
•
Toename gemiddelde rijkdom
• Footprint 2100 30 aardes?????????
Duurzame stedelijke planning
14,00 12,00
EF (gha./cap)
10,00
Other Services
8,00
Goods Mobility
6,00
Housing Food
4,00 2,00
Houston
New York
Shanghai (Urban)
Toronto
London
Shanghai (Rural)
Beijing (Urban)
Beijing (Rural)
Santiago
China
Ecological footprint atlas 2009, Global footprint Network, research and standards department 24 november, 2009
•
Huidige wereldbevolking 6,8 miljard
•
Groei tot 15 miljard in 2100
•
huidige ecologische footprint 1,5 aarde
•
Toename gemiddelde rijkdom
•
Footprint 2100 30 aardes?????????
Ecologische footprint van steden en regio’s
We bouwen intussen flink door
China’s pragmatische duurzaamheid:
Sino-Singapore Tianjin Eco-City
Utopische duurzaamheid Expanding the urban areas of China, MAD has come up with a masterplan to design the ‘Huaxi city center’ of Guiyang, in collaboration with Shanghai Tongji Urban Planning and Design Institute, Studio 6.
International Design MDA invited 11 international architects, including Atelier Manferdini (USA), BIG (Denmark), Dieguez Fridman (Argentina), EMERGENT/Tom Wiscombe (USA), HouLiang Architecture (China), JDS (Denmark/Belgium), MAD (China), Mass Studies (Korea), Rojkind Arquitectos (Mexico), Serie (UK/India) and Sou Fujimoto Architects (Japan), to carry out the urban development in South Western China.
Key Performance Indicators
There is a set of 26 Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) for the Sino-Singapore Tianjin Eco-city. In formulating these KPIs, reference is made to national standards in China and Singapore, as well as international standards.[4]
o Ambient Air Quality The air quality in the Eco-city should meet at least China’s National Ambient Air Quality Grade II Standard for at least 310 days. o Quality of Water from Taps Water from all taps should be potable. o Carbon Emission Per Unit GDP The carbon emission per unit GDP in the Ecocity should not exceed 150 tonne-C per US$1 million. o Proportion of Green Buildings All buildings in the Eco-city should meet green building standards. o Green Transportation At least 90% of trips within the Eco-city should be in the form of green trips by 2020. Green trips refer to trips via non-motorised transport, i.e. cycling and walking, as well as trips on public transport.
o Barrier-Free Accessibility The Eco-city should have 100% barrier-free access. o Proportion of Affordable Public Housing At least 20% of housing in the Eco-city will be in the form of subsidised public housing by 2013. o Usage of Renewable Energy Renewable energy should account for at least 15% of the energy utilized in the Eco-city by 2020. Possible sources of renewable energy for the Eco-city include geothermal energy, hydropower and solar power. o Usage of Water from Non-Traditional Sources At least 50% of the Eco-city’s water supply will be from non-traditional sources such as desalination and recycled water by 2020. o Jobs to be generated in the Eco-city Sufficient jobs should be generated for at least 50% of the Eco-city’s residents within the Eco-city who are employable, to minimize the need for them to commute on a daily basis from their home to their workplace.
Duurzame stedenbouw is meer dan een technische kwestie!!! Wat zijn de eigenschappen van een gezonde stad? •
a clean, safe physical environment of a high quality (including housing quality);
•
an ecosystem that is stable now and sustainable in the long term;
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a strong mutually supportive and nonexploitative community;
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a high degree of participation in and control by the citizens over the decisions affecting their lives, health and well-being;
•
the meeting of basic needs (food, water, shelter, income, safety and work) for all the city's people;
•
access by the people to a wide variety of experiences and resources, with the chance for a wide variety of contact, interaction and communication;
•
a diverse, vital and innovative economy;
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the encouragement of connectedness with the past, with the cultural and biological heritage of city dwellers and with other groups and individuals;
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a form that is compatible with and enhances the preceding characteristics;
•
an optimum level of appropriate public health and sickness care services, accessible to all;
•
high health status (high levels of positive health and low levels of disease). WHO Europe
Een gezonde stad is een integraal onderdeel van gezondheidszorg
Project: Duurzame Stad 2040
DSA – Rotterdam, Merwe- en Vierhavens
ZUS – Apeldoorn, Berg&bos en parkenbuurt
JDS – Tilburg, Reeshof en Vossenberg
VHP – Groningen, Rivierenwijk
2012 – Heerlen, MSP
Naar duurzame, gezonde steden
Lessen uit het onderzoek hoe kunnen we onze ecologische footprint verkleinen, gezonde, welvarende, attractieve, voedsel en energie producerende steden voor een vergrijzende bevolking maken……. allemaal tegelijkertijd?
Klimaat economie
overschot
energy
water
food Conventionele vraag, reduceer, hergebruik, produceer, wissel uit
•Reduce energy needs •Re-use waste •Produce local food •Produce local energy •Exchange sustainable production •Development of sustainability assessment tools
Naar duurzame stedelijke planning
•Beperk het energieverbruik voor mobiliteit Transit oriented development
Multimodale knooppuntontwikkeling
•Reduce energy needs •Re-use waste •Produce local food •Produce local energy •Exchange sustainable production •Develop sustainability assessment tools
•Reduce energy needs •Re-use waste
Stadslandbouw
•Produce local food •Produce local energy •Exchange sustainable production •Develop sustainability assessment tools
•Reduce energy needs •Re-use waste •Produce local food •Produce local energy •Exchange sustainable production •Develop sustainability assessment tools
Translucent and transparent spray-on solar-power cells
•Exchange sustainable production
Smart grid
•Maak duurzame productie uitwisselbaar
•Reduce energy needs •Re-use waste •Produce local food •Local energy production •Exchange sustainable production •Develop sustainability assessment tools
Smart grid
•Save on energy needs •Re-use waste •Local food production •Local energy production •Centralized sustainable energy production •Development of sustainability assessment tools
VenhoevenCS Pedestrian city for 500.000 inhabitants ecological footprint equals city footprint
development of green region calculator and parametric design tools
“Gespikkeld wonen”: Sargfabrik
gezonde stad
•Beperk het energieverbruik voor mobiliteit
GEDECENTRALIZEERDE CARE EN CURE
Inloopcentrum en verpleeghuis geïntegreerd in de wijk
Toenemende zorgbehoefte
BOOK!
De duurzame stad VRAGEN?
Ton Venhoeven VenhoevenCS architecture+urbanism Rijksadviseur infrastructuur
