Introduction to
19
Chapter
Information Systems and Technology
MultiMedia by Stephen M. Peters
© 2001 South-Western College Publishing
Sasaran Pembelajaran • Uraikan komponen kunci sebuah komputer dan menjelaskan tujuan mereka. • Diskusikan perbedaan proses komputer dan berhubungan teknologi, kontribusi bagi bisnis. • Uraikan sebagian dari tantangan kunci mengelola teknologi informasi. • Identifikasi kemunculan teknologi dan implikasinya.
MultiMedia by Stephen M. Peters
© 2001 South-Western College Publishing
Information Technologies Increasing Value
Management Information Systems
Improve Decision Making
Firm’s Revenue Firm's Earnings
Improve Efficiency
MultiMedia by Stephen M. Peters
Firm's Value
Firm’s Expenses
© 2001 South-Western College Publishing
MIS Sistem informasi manajemen (MIS): mengatur adopsi, penggunaan, dan manajemen teknologi informasi. Teknologi Informasi meliputi : • Komputer • Telekomunikasi
MultiMedia by Stephen M. Peters
© 2001 South-Western College Publishing
Arsitektur Sistem : Empat komponen Kunci
Central Processing Unit (CPU) Primary Storage Secondary Storage Peripherals
Everything You Need In A PC
Business Online: Gateway MultiMedia by Stephen M. Peters
© 2001 South-Western College Publishing
Central Processing Unit (CPU)
Business Online • Jantung suatu komputer. • Melaksanakan semua kalkulasi dan informasi gerak antar komputer dan komponen lain. • pergerakan atau Kecepatan diukur dalam Megahertz.
MultiMedia by Stephen M. Peters
© 2001 South-Western College Publishing
Primary Storage
Di mana informasi untuk sementara disimpan : • Random access memory (RAM). • Memori di mana data dan program berjalan dijaga dan diakses. • Biasanya aplikasi akan berlari lebih cepat dengan tersedianya RAM
MultiMedia by Stephen M. Peters
© 2001 South-Western College Publishing
Secondary Storage Lebih permanen dan kadang-kadang dapar dipindahkan (removable storage).
Meliputi : •Hard drives •Floppy disks •Magnetic tapes •CD ROMS
MultiMedia by Stephen M. Peters
© 2001 South-Western College Publishing
Peripherals Alat berkait dengan CPU diluar sekunder atau utama.
Jenis jenis peripherals: • Mouse • Monitor • Keyboard • Printer • Scanners
MultiMedia by Stephen M. Peters
© 2001 South-Western College Publishing
Kategori Sofware • Perangkat lunak Sistem atau Operasi : mengatur perangkat lunak program yang lain di dalam suatu sistem. • Aplikasi Perangkat lunak: program yang melaksanakan fungsi spesifik. • Middleware: mengijinkan program aplikasi lain untuk bekerja sama satu sama lain. • Perangkat lunak Utility : program yang melaksanakan fungsi spesifik yan] biasanya untuk sistem.
MultiMedia by Stephen M. Peters
© 2001 South-Western College Publishing
Menggunaan komputer
• Computational Model • Sistem pengolahan data • Interorganizational Sistem
MultiMedia by Stephen M. Peters
© 2001 South-Western College Publishing
Sistem data proses Keuntungan: •Akurasi •Kecepatan •Keluasan •Fleksibilitas
MultiMedia by Stephen M. Peters
© 2001 South-Western College Publishing
Interorganizational Systems (IOS) Penggunaan Komputer dan teknologi telekomunikasi untuk memindahkan informasi ke pihak luar dari perusahaan.
Jenis-jenis IOS : Sistem remote job entry (Remote job entry systems) Data elektronik Pertukaran (Electronic data interchange -EDI) Pelayanan informasi komersial (Commercial information service) MultiMedia by Stephen M. Peters
© 2001 South-Western College Publishing
Managing Information Technologies Five Areas of Particular Importance
System Architecture
Development of Information Systems
Acquiring Software
Implementation of Information Systems
Security of Information Systems MultiMedia by Stephen M. Peters
© 2001 South-Western College Publishing
Managing Information Technologies System Architecture Stand-Alone System Mainframe System Network System
MultiMedia by Stephen M. Peters
© 2001 South-Western College Publishing
Managing Information Technologies Acquiring Software Compatibility Upgradeability Support
MultiMedia by Stephen M. Peters
© 2001 South-Western College Publishing
Managing Information Technologies
Development of Information Systems Enterprise Resource Planning Systems Development Life Cycle Incremental Development Techniques
MultiMedia by Stephen M. Peters
© 2001 South-Western College Publishing
Managing Information Technologies
Implementation of Information Systems Overcome Passive Resistance Overcome Active Resistance Techniques For Successful Implementation
MultiMedia by Stephen M. Peters
© 2001 South-Western College Publishing
Managing Information Technologies Implementation Techniques
• Memastikan dukungan manajemen puncak. • Memasikan kebutuhan untuk sistem telah dibentuk dan dikomunikasikan ke para pemakai. • Meliputi penggunaan sistem di dalam disain dan proses pengembangan. • Disain sistem yang dapat mendorong organisasi
MultiMedia by Stephen M. Peters
© 2001 South-Western College Publishing
Managing Information Technologies Security of Information Systems Espionage: process of illegally gathering information. Sabotage: destruction of information by a perpetrator. Computer Virus: a program that attaches itself to programs or disks and causes damage. MultiMedia by Stephen M. Peters
© 2001 South-Western College Publishing
Computer Virus Hygiene • Jangan menggunakan perangkat lunak kecuali jika dari penjual dikenal. • Jangan mengijinkan diskette dari komputer yang tak dikenal untuk digunakan pada komputer anda. • MENGGUNAKAN ANTIVIRUS
MultiMedia by Stephen M. Peters
© 2001 South-Western College Publishing
Two Important Emerging Technologies
Technology Explosion
MultiMedia by Stephen M. Peters
• Worldwide Network • Truly Intelligent Systems
© 2001 South-Western College Publishing
Worldwide Network • E-Commerce Shopping all day everyday. • Availability of Information Many reliable sources without leaving home. • Infrastructure Bandwidth expansion and updating. • Virtual Reality Provides for a “Sense of Being There.” MultiMedia by Stephen M. Peters
© 2001 South-Western College Publishing
Truly Intelligent Systems • Artificial intelligence (AI) • Komputer bersifat percobaan dengan banyak CPU’S yang beroperasi secara serempak • Tujuan intelligence (AI) akan melaksanakan tugas seperti, pemikiran logis, bahasa, visi, dan motor skills
MultiMedia by Stephen M. Peters
© 2001 South-Western College Publishing
