DAFTAR PUSTAKA
Arduino, M.J. 2014. Staphylococcus aureus. http://www.extension.org/pages/ 28432/staphylococcus-aureus#.U7q4-twxMxk. Diakses tanggal 4 Juli 2014. Ahlholm, J.U., Helander, M., Henriksson, J., Metzler, M., & Saikkonen, K. 2002. Environmental conditions and host genotype direct genetic diversity of Venturia ditricha, a fungal endophyte of birch trees. Journal of Evolution, 56, 1566-1573. Alimuddin, 2012, Actinobacteria Penghasil Antifungal Asal Rizosfer Tegakan Kayu Putih Hutan Wanagama I Yogyakarta, Isolasi Optimasi dan Karakterisasi Actinobacteria Serta Isolasi Senyawa Antifungi, Tesis, Program Studi Bioteknologi, UGM. Apak, R., Guclu, K., Demirata, B., Ozyurek, M., & Celik, S. E. 2007. Comparative Evaluation of Various Total Antioxidant Capacity Assay Applied to Phenolic Compound with the CUPRAC Assay Molecules. 12 : 1496-1547. Atschul, SF., T.L. Madden, A.A. Schaffer, J. Zhang, Z. Zhang, W. Miller dan D.J. Lipman. 1997. Gapped BLAST and SI-BLAST: A New Generation of Protein Database Search Programs. Nucleid Acid Research. 25:3389-3402. Backer, C.A. dan Brink, R.C.B.V.D. 1965. Flora of Java (Spermatophyta only) Volume II. N.V.P. NoordhoffGroningan. The Netherland. P.176. Balittro. 2011. Laporan hasil uji fitokimia purwoceng. Balai Penelitian Tanaman Obat dan Aromatik. Bogor. Bhat, S. V., B. A. Nagasampagi and S. Meenakshi. 2009. Natural Products : Chemistry and Application. Narosa Publishing House, New Delhi. India. Bhore, S.J., Nithya, R. dan Loh, C.Y. 2010. Screening of endophytic bacteria isolated from leaves of Sambung Nyawa (Gynura procumbens Lour. Merr) for cytokinin-like compounds. Journal Bioinformation. 5 (5): 191-197. Boucher, H.W. dan Corey, G.R.. 2008. Epidimiology of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus. CID. Vol.46 (5): 344-349. Brooks, G.F., J.S. Butel, S.A. Morse. 2004. Medical Microbiology 23rd edition. McGraw-Hill Companies Inc. New York. Cappuccino, J. G. dan Sherman, N. 1987. Microbiology: A Laboratory Manual. The Benjamin/Cummings Publishing Company, Inc. California.
65
66
Caropeboka, A.M. dan I. Lubis. 1975. Pemeriksaan pendahuluan kandungan kimia akar Pimpinella alpina (purwoceng). Dalam Simposium Tanaman Obat I, 8- 9 Desember, Bagian Farmakologi. Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan, Institut Pertanian Bogor. Bogor. Caropeboka, A.M. 1976. Pengakur akar Pimpinella alpine terhadap susunan syaraf pusat. Bagian Farmakologi Departemen Fisiologi dan Farmakologi Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan. Institut Pertanian Bogor. Caropeboka, A.M. 1977. Pengaruh ekstrak Pimpinella alpine Kds. Terhadap siklus birahi mencit. Dalam risalah Simposium Penelitian Tumbuhan Obat II. Carrol, G. C. 1988. Fungal endophytes in stems and leaves. From latent pathogens to mutualistic symbiont. Ecology. 69:2-9. Casella, T.M., Veronique, E., Hugues, M., Audrey, B., Guillaume, O., Laura, D., Christophe, D., Laila S.E. & Didier, S. 2013. Antimicrobial and cytotoxic secondary metabolites from tropical leaf endophytes : Isolation of antibacterial agen pyrrocidine C from Lewia infectoria SNB-GTC2402. Chandrashekhara, S. Niranjanraj, S.A. Deepak, , K.N. Amruthesh, N.P. Shetty, and H.S Shetty. 2007. Endophytic bacteria from different plant origin enhance growth and induce downy mildew resistance in pearl millet. Asian Journal Plant Pathology, 1: 1-11. Cho, K. M., Su, Y.H., Sun,.M.L, Yong,H.K., Goon,.G.K., Yong, P.L., Hon, K., Han, D.Y. 2007. Endophytic Bacterial Communities in Ginseng and their Antifungal Activity Against Pathogens. Springer Microbial Ecology Vol.54 : 341. Chen, Y.T., Yuan, Q., Shan, Le-Tian, Lin, Mei-Ai, Cheng, Dong-Qing & LiChang Y. 2013. Antitumor activity of bacterial exopolysaccarides from the endophyte Bacillus amyloliquefaciens sp. Isolated from Ophiopogon japonicas. Oncology Letters. 5: 1787-1792. Clay, K. 1988. Fungal endophytes of grasses : a devensive mutualism between plants and fungi. Ecology 69 (1): 10-16. Di dalam Lingga, R. 2009. Uji nematisidal jamur endofit tanaman padi (Oryza sativa L.) terhadap nematoda puru akar (Meloidogyne sp.). Skripsi. Universitas Sumatera Utara. Medan. Crozier, A., M.N. Clifford, & H. Ashihara. 2006. Plant Secondary Metabolites Occurance, Structure, and Role in the Human Diet. Blackwell Publishing, United Kingdom.
67
Darwati, I., Roostika, I., 2006. Status Penelitian Purwoceng (Pimpinella alpina Molk.) di Indonesia. Buletin Plasma Nutfah Vol.12 No.1.: 9. Davis, W.W., dan Stout, T.R. 1971. Disc plate method of microbiological antibiotic essay. Journal of Applied Microbiology. 22 : 659−665. Dewick, P.M. 2009. Medicinal Natural Products. A Biosynthetic Approach 3rd edition. John Wiley and Sons Ltd. United Kingdom. Ding, R., Xue-Chang, W., Chao-Dong, Q, Yi Teng, Ou Li, Zha-Jun, Z., & YuHua, Z. 2011. Isolation and Identification of Lipopeptide Antibiotics from Paenibacillus elgii B69 with Inhibitory Activity Against MethicillinResistant Staphylococcus aureus. The Journal of Microbiology. 49 (6) : 942-949. Djauhariya, E dan Hernani. 2004. Gulma Berkhasiat Obat. Cetakan I. Jakarta: Penebar Swadaya. Dwidjoseputro, D. 1994. Dasar-Dasar Mikrobiologi. Djambatan, Jakarta. Elita, A., Saryono, S., Christine, J. 2013. Penentuan Waktu Optimum Produksi Antimikroba dan Uji Fitokimia Ekstrak Kasar Fermentasi Bakteri Endofit Pseudomonas sp. Dari Umbi Tanaman Dahlia (Dahlia variabilis). Journal Indonesian Chemistry Acta Vol.3 (2) : 56. Fatchiyah, E.L. Arumingtyas, S. Widyarti, S. Rahayu. 2011. Biologi Molekular. Prinsip Dasar Analisis. Hal. 33-41. Jakarta: Erlangga. Fauzana, S. 2011. Isolasi dan potensi bakteri endofitik penghasil antibiotika dari tanaman sirih merah (Piper crocatum Ruiz & Pav.). Skripsi Jurusan Biologi Fakultas Matematika Dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Universitas Andalas Padang. Gandjar, I., W. Sjamsuridzal dan A. Oetari. 2006. Mikologi dasar dan terapan. Yayasan Obor Indonesia. Jakarta. Gomez, K.A., dan A.A. Gomez. 1995. Prosedur statistik untuk penelitian pertanian. Diterjemahkan oleh E. Sjamsuddin dan Justika S.B. Universitas Indonesia Press, Jakarta. Gritter, R.J., Bobbit, J.M. dan Schwarting, A.E. 1991. Pengantar Kromatografi. Terbitan Kedua. Diterjemahkan oleh Kosasih Padmawinata. Penerbit Institut Teknologi Bandung. Bandung. Hal. 115,160-169. Gunawan, A.W.I. 2009. Potensi Buah Pare (Momordica charantia L.) sebagai Antibakteri Salmonella typhimurium. Program Studi Pendidikan Biologi Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan. Universitas Mahasaraswati Denpasar.
68
Harborne, J. B. 1987. Metode Fitokimia : Penuntun Cara Modern Menganalisis Tumbuhan. Alih bahasa Kosasih Padmawinata dan Iwang Soediro. Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung. Hasanuddin. 2003. Peningkatan peranan mikroorganisme dalam sistem pengendalian penyakit tumbuhan secara terpadu. Jurusan Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Sumatera Utara. Hidayati, U. 2014. Potensi Bakteri Endofit Asal Tanaman Karet sebagai Pemacu Pertumbuhan Bibit Batang Bawah Tanaman Karet (Hevea brasiliensis Müll. Arg.). Tesis Sekolah Pascasarjana Institut Pertanian Bogor. Herbert, R.B. 1996. Biosintesis Metabolit Sekunder. Alih Bahasa Bambang Srigandono. IKIP Semarang Press. Semarang. Hal. 103-123. Hernani dan O. Rostiana. 2004. Analisis kimia akar purwoceng (Pimpinella pruatjan). Makalah disampaikan pada Seminar Indonesian Biopharmaca and Excibition Conference. Yogyakarta, 14-15 Juli. Hesse, M. 1981. Alkaloid Chemistry. John Wiley and Sons, Inc. Toronto. Heyne, K. 1987. Tumbuhan berguna Indonesia (Buku III), Dept. Kehutanan, Jakarta. Hal. 1550. Holt, J.G., Krieg, N.R., Sneathm, P.H.A., Staley, J.T. and Williams,S.T. 1994. Bergey’s Manual of Determinative Bacteriology, 9th ed. MD: Williams and Williams. Baltimore. Hong-Mei, X., Yang-Jun, R., Ming-Xin, Z., Bo Song, Zhen-Min, C. 2013. Antibacterial activity of the lipopetides produced by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens M1 against multidrug-resistant Vibrio spp. isolated from diseased marine animals. Applied Microbiology Biotechnology. 98 : 127–136. Howard, B.J., Kloos W.E., 1987. Staphylococci. In: Howard BJ, Klass J II, Rubin SJ, Weissfeld AS, Tilton RC, eds. Clinical and Pathogenic Microbiology. Mosby, Washington D.C. Pp 231-244. Infection Control and Team St. James’s Hospital. 2006. Patient/Visitor Information Leaflet: MRSA (Meticillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus). St. James’s Hospital. Dublin. Iniguez, A.L. 2004. Biology of plant-bacterial endophyte interactions. Proquest Information and Learning Company, United States 17 : 13. Jawetz., E., Joseph, M., Edward, A.A., Geo, F.B. Janet, S.B., dan Nicholas, L.O. 1996. Mikrobiologi Kedokteran. Alih bahasa : Edi Nugroho dan R.F.
69
Maulany. Editor : Irawati Setiawan. Edisi XX. Penerbit EGC. Jakarta. Hal. 50-51, 212, 214, 238, 242. Joshee S, Paulus BC, Park D, Johnston PR. 2009. Diversity and distribution of fungal foliar endophytes in New Zealand Podocarpaceae. Mycological research 113(9): 1003-1015. Juliantina, F. R. 2009. Manfaat sirih (Piper crocatum) sebagai Agen Antibakterial terhadap gram positif dan gram negatif. JKKI–Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Indonesia No. 1 (I) : 5. Karuppusamy, S. 2009. A review on trends in production of secondary metabolites from higher plants by in vitro tissue, organ and cell cultures. Journal of medicinal Plant Research. 3(13): 1222-1239. Khopkar, S.M. Penerjemah A. Saptohardjo. 2008. Konsep Dasar Kimia Analitik. Universitas Indonesia Press. Jakarta. Klein, E., Smith, D.L. dan Laxminarayan, R. 2007. Hospitalizations and Deaths Caused by Meticillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus, United States 19992005. Emerging Infectious Diseases. Vol. 13(12): 1840-1846. Knox, K.W, Wicken A.J., 1973. Immunological properties of teichoic acids. Bacteriol Review 37: 215-257. Krishnamurthy YL, Shashikala J, Naik BS. 2009. Diversity and seasonal variation of endophytic fungal communities associated with some medicinal trees of the Western Ghats, Southern India. Sydowia 61(2): 255-266. Kuroda M., Ohta T., Uchiyama I., Baba T., Yuzawa H., Kobayashi I., Cui L., Oguchi A., Aoki K., Nagai Y., Lian J., Ito T., Kanamori M., Matsumaru H., Maruyama A., Murakami H., Hosoyama A., Mizutani-Ui Y., Takahashi N.K., Sawano T., Inoue R., Kaito C., Sekimizu K., Hirakawa H., Kuhara S., Goto S., Yabuzaki J., Kanehisa M., Yamashita A., Oshima K., Furuya K., Yoshino C., Shiba T., Hattori M., Ogasawara N., Hayashi H., Hiramatsu K. 2001. Whole genome sequencing of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Lancet 357 (9264) : 1225-1240. Kusumawati, D.E., F.H. Pasaribu, M. Bintang. 2014. Aktivitas antibakteri isolat bakteri endofit dari tanaman miana (Coleus scutellariodes [L.] Benth.) terhadap Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli. Institut Pertanian Bogor. Current Biochemistry 1(1) : 45-50. Larkin, M.A., G. Blackshields, N.P. Brown, R. Chenna, P.A. McGettigan, H. HcWilliam, F. Valentin, I.M. Wallace, A. wilm, R. Lopez, J.D. Thompson, T.J. Gibson & D.G. Higgins. 2007. Clustal W and Clustal X version 2.1. Bioinformatics 23: 2947-2948.
70
Lina, G., Bohach G.A., Nair S.P., Hiramatsu K., Jouvin-Marche E., Mariuzza R. 2004. Standard nomenclature for the superantigens expressed by Staphylococcus. International Nomenclature Committee for Staphylococcal Superantigens. Journal Infection Disease 189 (12) : 2334–6. Liu, B., Lili, H., Heinrich, B., Zhensheng, K. 2010. Isolation and partial characterization of an antifungal protein from the endophytic Bacillus subtilis strain EDR4. Pestiside Biochemistry and Physiology 98 : 305-311. Lowy, F.D., 1998. Is Staphylococcus aureus An Intracellular Pathogen. Trends in Microbiology 8: 341-344. Madigan, M.T., J.M. Martinko, D.A. Stahl., D.P. Clark. 2012. Biology Microorganism. 13th edition. Pearson. San Francisco. Pp. 140-141.
of
Malfanova, N., B. Lugtenberg and G. Berg. 2013. Bacterial Endophytes: Who and where, and what are they doing there?. To be published as a chapter in the book “Molecular Microbial Ecology of the Rhizosphere”, Wiley-Blackwell. Pp: 15-37. Marsunah dan Nurbayti. 2008. Purification and characterization of antimicrobial substances from endophytic Actinomycetes. Unika Atma Jaya. Mayerhofer, M. 2011. Fungal Root Endophytes and Host Plant Growth. Heritage Brach. Canada. Pp : 17. Mbai, F.N., E.N. Magiri, V.N. Matiru, J. Ng’ang’a, V.C.S Nyambati. 2013. Isolation and Characterisation of Bacterial Root Endophytes with Potential to Enhance Plant Growth from Kenyan Basmati Rice. American International Journal of Contemporary Research Vol. 3 No. 4 : 25-40. Kenya. Miller KI, Qing C, Sze DMY, Neilan BA. 2012. Investigation of the biosynthetic potential of endophytes in traditional Chinese anticancer herbs. Public Library of Science 7:e35953. Nasihun, F. 2009. Pengaruh pemberian ekstrak Purwoceng (Pimpinella alpina Molk.) terhadap peningkatan indikator vitalitas pria. Studi eksperimental pada tikus jantan Sparague dawley. Sains Medika. 1(1): 53-62. Niu. G.Q. dan Tan, H.R. 2013. Biosynthesis and regulation of secondary metabolites in microorganism. Science China Life Science Springer Vol.56 No.7: 581–583. Nursanty, R. dan Suhartono. 2012. Isolasi, karakterisasi dan uji antimikroba bakteri endofit asal Tumbuhan johar (Cassia siamea Lamk.). Jurnal ilmiah Pendidikan Biologi, Biologi Edukasi. 4(1): 7-10.
71
Owen, N.L. & N. Hundley. 2004. Endophytes – the chemical synthesizers inside plants. Science Progress 87 (2) : 80. Pan, J. J., Baumgarten, A.M., & May, G. 2008. Effects of host plant environment and Ustilago maydis infection on the fungal endophyte community of maize {Zea mays). New Phytologist, 178, 147-156. Pangastuti, A. 2006. Definisi spesies prokaryota berdasarkan urutan basa gen penyandi 16S rRNA dan gen penyandi protein. Biodiversitas. 7(3): 292296. Pathak, K.V., Haresh, K., Kalloi, G., Suman, S.T., Padmanabhan, B. 2012. Lipopeptides from Banyan Endophyte Bacillus subtilis K1 : Mass Spectromic Characterization of a library of Fengycins. Molecular Biophysics Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India. Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry. 23 (10) :1716-1728. Pelczar, M.J. dan E.S.C. Chan. 1986. Dasar-Dasar Mikrobiologi I. Terjemahan Ratna S.H, Teja I., S. Sutarmi dan Sri L.A. Universitas Indonesia Press. Jakarta. Prameswari, O.M. dan S.B. Widjanarko. 2014. Uji efek ekstrak air daun pandan wangi terhadap penurunan kadar glukosa darah dan histopatologi tikus diabetes mellitus. Jurusan Teknologi Hasil Pertanian. Universitas Brawijaya, Malang. Jurnal Pangan dan Agroindustri Vol.2 No.2 p.16-27. Prescott, L.M., J.P. Harley. & D.A. Klein. 2002. Microbiology 5th Edition. Mc-Graw Hill Comp, Inc. New York. USA. Rahardjo, M., S. Wahyuni, O. Trisilawati, dan E. Djauhariya. 2006. Ciri agronomis, mutu dan lingkungan tumbuh tanaman obat langka purwoceng (Pimpinella pruatjan Molk.) Prosiding Seminar Nasional dan Pameran Tumbuhan Obat Indonesia XXVIII, Badan LITBANG Pertanian, Puslitbangbun, Balai Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Obat, Kerjasama dengan Kelompok Kerja Nasional Tanaman Obat Indonesia (POKJANAS TOI) dan Direktorat Tanaman Sayuran dan Biofarmaka. Rahardjo, M., Rosita S.M.D. dan I. Darwati. 2006. Pengaruh pemupukan terhadap pertumbuhan, produksi dan mutu simplisia purwoceng (Pimpinella pruatjan Molkenb). Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri. 12 :73-79. Rahardjo, M dan I. Darwati. 2006. Produksi dan Mutu Simplisia Purwoceng berdasarkan lingkungan tumbuh dan umur tanaman. Perhimpunan Peneliti Bahan Obat Alami (PERHIBA). Jurnal Bahan Alam Indonesia (The Indonesian Journal of Natural Products). 5:310-320.
72
Rahardjo, M. 2010. Tanaman obat aprodisiak. Warta Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Industri. 16(2): 18-20. Rasmann, S., Agrawal A.A. 2009. Plant defense against herbivory: progress in identifying synergism, redundancy, and antagonism between resistance traits. Current Opinion in Plant Biology 12: 473-478. Resti, Z., T. Habazar, D.P. Putra dan Nasrun. 2013. Skrining dan identifikasi isolat bakteri endofit untuk mengendalikan penyakit hawar daun bakteri pada bawang merah. Jurnal Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Tropika. 13(2) : 167 –178. Rifai, M.A., Rugayah dan E.A. Widjaya. 1992. Tiga puluh tumbuhan obat langka di Indonesia. Sisipan Florabunda 2. Penggalang Taksonomi Tumbuhan Indonesia, Bogor. Hal. 22-23. Robinson, T. 1995. Kandungan Organik Tumbuhan Tinggi. Edisi ke-4 Terjemahan Kosasih Padmawinata. Institur Teknologi Bandung Press. Bandung. Roostika, I., R. Purnamaningsih, I. Darmawati, and I. Mariska. 2007. In vitro culture manipulation on pruatjan for secondary metabolite production. Journal Agro Biogenetics 3(2): 55-59. Rosenblueth, M., and Martinez-Romero, E. 2006. Bacterial endophytes and their interactions with hosts. The American Phytophatological Society. 19(8): 827-837. Rostiana, O., M. Rahardjo, dan M. Rizal. 2006. Pengembangan teknologi budidaya purwoceng dan mimba mendukung penyiapan bahan obat alami secara berkelanjutan. Prosiding Seminar Nasional dan Pameran Tumbuhan Ob at Indonesia, XXVIII. Bogor. Hal.7-17. Rowe, R.C., Sheskey, P.J. and Quinn M., E. 2009. Handbook of Pharmaceutical Excipients. Lexi-Comp: American Pharmaceutical Association, Inc. P. 418, 685. Rustaman, M. Abdurahman, J. A. Anshori. 2006. Skrining fitokimia tumbuhan di kawasan gunung kuda Kabupaten Bandung sebagai penelaahan keanekaragaman hayati. Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Lembaga Penelitian Universitas Padjadjaran. Sabdono, A. dan Radjasa, O.K. 2006. Karakterisasi molekular bakteri yang berasosiasi dengan penyakit BBD (Black Band Disease) pada karang Acropora sp. di perairan Karimunjawa. Ilmu Kelautan. 11(3): 158-162.
73
Saunders, M., Kohn LM. 2009. Evidence for alteration of fungal endophyte community assembly by host defense compounds. New Phytologist 182(1): 229-238. Saitou, N. dan Nei, M. 1987. The neighbor-joining method: a new method for reconstructing phylogenetic trees. Molecular Biology and Evolution. Oxford Journals 4:406–425. Salissbury, F.B., dan C.W. Ross. 1995. Fisiologi tumbuhan. Jilid 1 Terjemahan Diah R. Lukman dan Sumaryo. Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung. Satyaningtijas, A.S., H. Maheshwari, P. Achmadi, W.A. Pribadi, S. Hapsari, D. Jondriatno, I. Bustaman dan B. Kiranadi. 2014. Kinerja reproduksi tikus bunting akibat pemberian ekstrak etanol purwoceng. Jurnal Kedokteran Hewan 8(1) : 35-37. Savi, D.C., C.W.I. Haminiuk, G.T.S. Sora, D.M. Adamoski, J. Kenski, S.M.B. Winnischofer and C. Glienke. 2015. Antitumor, antioxidant and antibacterial activities of secondary metabolites extracted by endophytic actinomycetes isolated from Vochysia divergens. International journal of pharmaceutical, chemical and biological sciences. 5(1): 347-356. Shockman, G.D., Barrett J.F., 1983. Structure, function, and assembly of cell walls of gram-positive bacteria. Annual Review of Microbiology 37 : 501-527. Sidik, S., E. Kurnia, dan Ursula. 1975. Usaha isolasi turunan kumarin dari akar purwoceng (Pimpinella alpina Molk.) asal dataran tinggi Dieng. Dalam Simposium Tanaman Obat I, 8-9 Desember, Bagian Farmakologi. Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan, Institut Pertanian Bogor. Siegler, D.S. 1998. Plant Secondary Metabolism. Dodrecht: Kluwer. Simanjuntak, P., T. Parwati, Bustanussalam, T.K. Prana, K. Ohashi dan H. Shibuya. 2002. Biochemical Character of Endophyte Microbes Isolated from Cinchona plants. Proceeding Seminar on JSPSNCRT/DOST/LIPI/VCC Large Scale Cooperative Research in the Field of Biotechnology, in Bangkok, Thailand Nov. 7-12, 2001 (In Press). Simarmata, R., Lekatompessy, S., dan Sukiman, H. 2007. Isolasi Mikroba Endofitik dari Tanaman Obat Sambung Nyawa (Gynura procumbens) dan Analisis Potensinya sebagai Antimikroba. Berkala Penelitian Hayati. 13 : 85-90. Sirait, M. 2007. Penuntun Fitokimia Dalam Farmasi. Bandung: Penerbit ITB. Hal. 158-159.
74
Siregar, M.W. 2009. Isolasi dan Uji Kemampuan Bakteri Endofit Penghasil Hormon IAA (Indol Acetic Acid) dari Akar Tanaman Padi (Oryza sativa L). Departemen Biologi Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Universitas Sumatera Utara. Siswandono dan Soekardjo, B. 2000. Kimia Medisinal. Edisi 2. Surabaya: Airlangga University Press. Hal : 291-303. Song, B., Yan-Jun, R., Ming-Xin, Z., Zhen-Ming, C. 2013. Antifungal Activity of Lipopeptides Produced by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens anti-CA Against Candida albicans isolated from clinic. Applied Microbiology Biotechnology Springer. 97(16):7141-50. Souza, A., J.C. Cruz, N.R. Sousa, A.R.L. Procópio and G.F. Silva. 2014. Endophytic bacteria from banana cultivars and their antifungal activity. Genetics and Molecular Research. 13 (4): 8661-8670. Strobel, G. dan Daisy, B. 2003. Bioprospecting for Microbial endophytes and their natural product. Microbiology and Molecular Reviews. 67(4) : 491502. Sugiastuti, S. dan H. Rahmawati. 2006. Isolasi dan identifikasi senyawa organik fraksi semipolar herba purwoceng (Pimpinella pruatjan Molk.). Prosiding Seminar Nasional dan Pameran Tumbuhan Obat Indonesia XXVIII. Bogor. Hal. 255-261. Sulistyaningrum, L.S.. 2008. Optimasi Fermentasi Asam Kojat oleh Galur Mutan Aspergillus flavus NTGA7A4UVE10. Digital Lontar Universitas Indonesia. Depok. Suryadi, A.E. 2007. Ekstraksi dan Uji Aktivitas Antimikroba Ekstrak Umbi Dahlia (Dahlia variabilis).Skripsi FMIPA Universitas Riau. Pekanbaru. Suseno, M., 2013. Sehat dengan Daun Melawan Berbagai Macam Penyakit. Buku Pintar : Yogyakarta. Susilowati, D.N., Hidayatun, N., Tasliah dan Mulya K. 2010. Keragaman bakteri endofitik diisolasi dari empat varietas padi dengan metoda ARDRA. Berita Biologi. 10(2): 241-248. Suzery, M., B. Cahyono, N., dan H. Nurhasnawati. 2004. Senyawa stigmasterol dari Pimpinella pruatjan Molk. Suplemen. 39(1): 39-41. Suzery, M., B. Cahyono, dan Taufiqurrahman. 2005. Produksi senyawa aprodisiak dari purwoceng (Pimpinella alpina Molk.) : Pengembangan Potensi “Natural Resources” khas Jawa Tengah. Universitas Diponegoro.
75
Syahid, S.F., O. Rostiana, dan M. Rohmah. 2005. Pengaruh NAA dan IBA terhadap perakaran purwoceng (Pimpinella alpina Molk.) in vitro. Makalah poster pada Indonesian Biopharmaca Excibition and Conferene. Yogyakarta, 14-19 Juli. Tamura, K., G. Stecher, D. Peterson, A. Filipski and S. Kumar. 2013. MEGA6: Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis Version 6.0. Molecular Biology Evolution 30(12):2725–2729. Tan, R.X. dan W.X. Zou. 2001. Endophytes: a rich source of functional metabolites. Natural Products Reports.18: 448–459. Taufiqurrachman and S. Wobowo. 1999. Purwoceng (Pimpinella alpina Kds.) experimental study in male rats Sprague dawley. Makalah disampaikan pada Seminar Nasional Tumbuhan Obat Indonesia POKJANAS TOI ke 28 di Balittro, Bogor tanggal 15-16 September, 8 p. Todar, K., 2002. Staphylococcus. Journal Bacteriology, Wisconsinmadison Departement of Bacteriology. Pp. 330.
University of
USP Convention. 2007. United States of Pharmacopeia National Formulary, USP 30/ NF 25. Twinbrook Parkway: United States Pharmacopeial Convention. Utami, U., Soemarno, Sumarno dan Risjani, Y. 2008. Aktivitas Antibakteri Endofit Tanaman Mangrove terhadap Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli. Jurnal Penelitian Perikanan. 11(1): 42-48. Vendan R.T, Joon Y., Heelee S., & Ha Rhee Y. 2010. Diversity of Endophytic Bacteria in Ginseng and Their Potential for Plant Growth Promotion. Microbiological Society of Korea. Journal of Microbiology 48(5): 559-565. Wardhani, L.K. dan N. Sulistyani. 2012. Uji aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak etil asetat daun binahong (Anredera scandes [L] Moq.) terhadap Shigella flexneri beserta profil kromatografi lapis tipis. Jurnal Ilmiah Kefarmasian. 2(1) : 1-16. Waller, G. R. and Nowacki E. K. 1978. Alkaloid Biology and Metabolism In Plants. Plenum Press. New York. Hal. 9. Watson, D.G. Penerjemah Winni R.S. 2007. Analisis Farmasi Edisi 2. Penerbit Buku Kedokteran EGC. Jakarta. Hal : 368-376. Widayat, T., and Soetarto, A. E. S. 2012. Isolation of Endophyic Bacteria from Purwoceng (Pimpinella alpina Kds.). Health Science Indonesia. 28(1): 31-36.
76
Widowati D. dan Faridah. 2006. Isolasi dan identifikasi senyawa kimia dalam fraksi nonpolar dari tanaman purwoceng (Pimpinella pruatjan Molk.). Prosiding Seminar Nasional dan Pameran Tumbuhan Obat Indonesia XXVIII. Bogor. Hal. 255-261. Wilson, K. 1987. Preparation of Genomic DNA from Bacteria. In: Ausubel F.M., Brent R., Kingston R.E., Moore D.D., Seidman J.G., Smith J.A., Struhl K., (eds) Current Protocols in Molecular Biology. John Wiley & Sons, New York. Pp. 2.4.1–2.4.5. Wilson, W. 2014. Bakteri Endofit Tanaman Purwoceng (Pimpinella pruatjan Molk.) Berdasarkan Karakter Morfologis, Biokimiawi, dan Molekular. Tesis Program Studi Biologi, Universitas Gadjah Mada. Yogyakarta. Wink, M. 1999. Functionsof Plant Secondary Metabolites and Their Exploitation in Biotechnology. Annual Plant Review, Vol.3. http://amazon.com. Xiao, J., Q. Zhang, Y.Q. Gao, J.J. Tang, A.L. Zhang, J.M. Gao. 2014. Secondary metabolites from the endophytic Botryosphaeria dothidea of Melia azedarach and their antifungal, antibacterial, antioxidant, and cytotoxic activities. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 62(16) : 3584. Yuhono, J.T. 2004. Usahatani purwoceng (Pimpinella pruatjan Molk.), potensi, peluang, dan masalah pengembangannya. Buletin Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Obat 15(1):25-32. Zinniel, D.K., Lambrecht, P., and Harris B.N., Feng, Z., Kuczmarski, D., Highley, P., Ishimaru, C.A., Arunakumari, A., Barletta, R.G., and Vidaver, A.K. 2002. Isolation and Characterization of Endophytic Colonizing Bacteria from Agronomic Crops and Prairie Plants. Applied and Environmental Microbiology. 68(5): 2198-2208.