91
DAFTAR PUSTAKA Amini F. 2004. Hubungan kepribadian, persepsi dan terpaan kampanye komunikasi dengan perilaku ”word of mouth”; survey terhadap perilaku ”word mouth” tentang kondom di kalangan remaja pengunjung Mal di Jakarta [tesis]. Jakarta, Program Pascasarjana: Universitas Indonesia. Ardianto E, Erdinaya LK. 2004. Komunikasi Massa; Suatu Pengantar. Bandung: Simbiosa Rekatama Media. Astuty ER. 2002. Strategi komunikasi promosi pemasaran elektronik pariwisata Indonesia [tesis]. Jakarta, Program Pascasarjana: Universitas Indonesia. Atkinson RL, Atkinson RC, Smith EE, Bem DJ. 1993. Pengantar Psikologi Jilid 11. Ed ke-1. Kusuma W, penerjemah, Saputra L, Editor. Batam: Interaksara. Terjermahan dari: Introduction to Psychology 11th. Ed. Cooper C, Hall CM. 2008. Contemporary Tourism: An International Approach. Ed ke-1. Amsterdam: Elsevier. [DIKPAR NTB] Dinas Kebudayaan dan Pariwisata, Nusa Tenggara Barat. 2005. Pariwisata Nusa Tenggara Barat dalam Angka Tahun 2005. Mataram: DIKPAR NTB. DeVito JA. 1997. Komunikasi Antarmanusia. Ed ke-5. Maulana A, penerjemah. Jakarta: Professional Books. Terjemahan dari: Human Communication. Donohew LP, Palmgreen, Duncan J. 1980. An Activation Model of Information Exposure. Communication Monographs. Effendy OU. 1988. Ilmu Komunikasi, Teori Dan Praktik. Bandung: Remaja Karya. __________. 1989. Kamus Komunikasi. Bandung: Mandar Maju. Engel JF, Blackwell RD, Miniard PW. 1994. Perilaku Konsumen jilid 1. Ed ke-6. Budiyanto FX, penerjemah. Jakarta: Binarupa Aksara. Terjemahan dari: Consumer Bahavior. Faisal S. 1999. Format-format Penelitian Sosial. Jakarta: RajaGrafindo Persada. Fill C. 1999. Marketing Communications Contexts, Contents and Strategies. Ed ke-2. London: Prentice Hall. Gunn CA. 1994. Tourism Planning: Basic, Concepts, Case. Ed ke-3. Washington: Taylor & Francis. Ibrahim IS. 1999. Perkembangan Penelitian Ilmu Komunikasi di Perguruan Tinggi: Catatan Pendahuluan. Jurnal Ikatan Sarjana Komunikasi Indonesia 3: 6-16.
92
Ichwanudin. 1998. Hubungan perilaku komunikasi peserta kelompok penggerak pariwisata (kompepar) dengan adopsi program sapta pesona dikabupaten sukabumi [Tesis]. Bogor: Program Pascasarjana, Institut Pertanian Bogor. Kerlinger FN. 2003. Asas-asas Penelitian Behavioral. Ed ke-3. Simatupang LR, penerjemah, Koesoemant, editor. Yogyakarta: Gadjah Mada Press. Terjemahan dari: Foundation of Behavioral Research. Kolb BM. 2006. Tourism Marketing for City and Town. Amsterdam: Elsevier. Liliweri A. 2003. Makna Budaya dalam Komunikasi antar Budaya. Yogyakarta: LKiS. Liston A. 2005. NDI Consultation Meeting with Ann Liston “Building a Strong Media Image For Your Fraction”. Makalah disampaikan oleh National Democratic Institute (NDI). Jakarta: Hotel Crown Plaza. 6 Desember 2005. McQuail D. 1987. Teori Komunikasi Massa.Ed ke-2. Dharma A, Ram A, penerjemah; Jakarta: Erlangga. Terjemahan dari: Mass Communication Theory, Second Edition. Middleton VTC, Clarke J. 2001. Marketing in Travel and Tourism. Ed ke-3. Oxford: Elsevier. Mulyana D. 2001. Ilmu Komunikasi. Bandung: Rosdakarya. Mulyana D, Rakhmat J. 2001. Komunikasi Antar Budaya. Mulyana D, Editor; Bandung: Remaja Rosdakarya. Orams M. 1999. Marine Tourism Development Impact and Management. New York: Routledge. Rakhmat J. 2001. Psikologi Komunikasi. Ed Rev. Surjaman T, editor; Bandung: Remaja Rosdakarya. Ricci F, Werthner H. 2001. Case base querying for travel planning recommendation. http://www.ectrl.itc.it.html. [15 Juli 2008]. Rivers WL, Jensen JW, Peterson T. 2003. Media Massa Dan Masyarakat Modern. Ed Ke-2. Munandar H, Priatna D, penerjemah; Jakarta: Prenada Media. Terjemahan dari: Mass Media and Modern Society. Roman K, Maas J, Nisenholtz M. 2005. How To Advertise: Membangun Merek Dan Bisnis Dalam Dunia Pemasaran Baru. Ed Rev. Satyadi G, penerjemah. Jakarta: Elex Media Komputindo. Terjemahan dari: How To Advertise. Ed ke-3. Severin WJ, Tankard JW. 2005. Teori komunikasi: Sejarah, Metode dan Terapan Dalam Komunikasi Massa. Ed ke-5. Hariyanto S, penerjemah. Jakarta: Prenada Media. Terjemahan dari: Communication Theories: Origins, Method & Use in the Mass Media.
93
Shimp TA. 2003. Periklanan Promosi: Aspek Tambahan Komunikasi Pemasaran Terpadu Jilid 1. Ed ke-5. Sjahrial R, Anikasari D, penerjemah; Mahani N, editor. Jakarta: Erlangga. Terjemahan dari: Advertising Promotion and Supplemental Aspect of Integrated Marketing Communications. Simamora B. 2004. Panduan Riset Perilaku Konsumen.Jakarta: Gramedia Pustaka Utama. Singarimbun M. 1989. Metode Penelitian Survai. Ed Rev. Effendy S, Editor; Jakarta: LP3ES. Soedarmanto. 1998. Dasar-dasar Pengelolaan Penyuluhan Pertanian. Malang: Brawijaya Press. Sumarwan U. 2004. Perilaku Konsumen: Teori dan Penerapannya dalam Pemasaran. Bogor: Ghalia Indonesia. Suryadi K, Ramdhani MA. 2002. Sistem Pendukung Keputusan. Bandung: Remaja Rosdakarya. Suwantoro G. 2004. Dasar-dasar Pariwisata. Ed ke-2. Yogyakarta: Andi. Wahab S. 2003. Manajemen Kepariwisataan. Ed ke-4. Gromang F, penerjemah. Jakarta: Pradnya Paramita. Terjemahan dari: Tourism Management. Wibowo W. 2003. Sihir Iklan Format Komunikasi Mondial dalam Kehidupan Urban-Kosmopolit. Jakarta: Gramedia Pustaka Utama. Yoety HOA. 2002. Perencanaan Strategis Pemasaran Daerah Tujuan Wisata. Jakarta: Pradnya Paramita.
94
LAMPIRAN
95
Lampiran 1 Lokasi penelitian
96
Lampiran 2 Lokasi Kawasan Pendakian Gunung Rinjani
97
Lampiran 3 Lokasi Kawasan Pantai Senggigi di Kabupaten Lombok Barat
98
Lampiran 4 Kuesioner THE CHARACTERISTICS OF TOURISTS 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
Name : Age : Gen : [ ] Female [ ] Male Country : Status : [ ] Single [ ] Married The total of monthly income of the working tourist (including the income of the working wife/working husband) [ ]. Overseas ………… 7. The number of children in the family (if any) is ………… (* still at school/university) *Cross out the unnecessary word(s) 8. Hoby : [ ] Tracking [ ]. Surfing [ ] Lisent to music [ ] Others................ COMMUNCATION BEHAVIOR SEEN FROM THE USAGE OF INFORMATION SOURCES GUIDELINES: Any answer marked with a checklist [√] represents the answer that you think is the right answer. 9. A. Does the information source on the tourism objects at NTB Province that you used come from: [ ]. Friend, Family, Other persons; [ ] Mass-Media; [ ]. Hotel; [ ]. Travel Berau; [ ] Airport at Selaparang – Mataram. B. Does the form of the information on the tourism objects at NTB Province you used include the following? VISUAL; [ ] Photo Files of tourism objects; [ ] Magazine, newspaper, tabloid; [ ] Leaflet, Booklet, Brochures; [ ].Tourism Guide Book [ ].Internet; [ ] Slides of photos AUDIO: [ ]. From Radio Broadcast AUDIOVISUAL: [ ]. Television; [ ] Compact Disk (Records of tourism sites and objects)
99
C. Did you also search for information on the facilities and infrastructure at NTB Province, which include the following? [ ]. money Changer [ ]. hotels from Melati level to five-star hotels. [ ]. the entertainment areas such as nightclubs and the best Cafes in the tourism objects [ ]. the best restaurants, which serve various kinds of favorite menus from overseas to traditional cuisines from Nusa Tenggara Barat Province [ ]. locations of the performance of Art and Culture Festivals at Senggigi area [ ]. special clinics for tourists [ ]. transportation routes to the tourism sites, which are easily accessed [ ]. parties, which are commonly held at the tourism objects for the tourists [ ]. the availability of various nets of telecommunication D. Security in the areas of tourism includes: [ ]. the police station [ ]. others (please write them on the space) ............................... KONFIRMASI 10. Did you still require information on tourism objects after you arrived at NTB Province? [ ].Yes (Go on to number 11) [ ]. No (Do not respond question number 11) 11. A. Does the information source on the tourism objects at NTB Province that you used come from: [ ]. Friend, Family, Other persons; [ ] Mass-Media; [ ]. Hotel; [ ]. Travel Berau; [ ] Airport at Selaparang – Mataram. B. Does the form of the information on the tourism objects at NTB Province you used include the following? VISUAL; [ ] Photo Files of tourism objects; [ ] Magazine, newspaper, tabloid; [ ] Leaflet, Booklet, Brochures; [ ].Tourism Guide Book [ ].Internet; [ ] Slides of photos AUDIO: [ ]. From Radio Broadcast
100
AUDIOVISUAL: [ ]. Television; [ ] Compact Disk (Records of tourism sites and objects) C. Did you also search for information on the facilities and infrastructure at NTB Province, which include the following? [ ]. money Changer [ ]. hotels from Melati level to five-star hotels. [ ]. the entertainment areas such as nightclubs and the best Cafes in the tourism objects [ ]. the best restaurants, which serve various kinds of favorite menus from overseas to traditional cuisines from Nusa Tenggara Barat Province [ ]. locations of the performance of Art and Culture Festivals at Senggigi area [ ]. special clinics for tourists [ ]. transportation routes to the tourism sites, which are easily accessed [ ]. parties, which are commonly held at the tourism objects for the tourists [ ]. the availability of various nets of telecommunication D. Security in the areas of tourism includes: [ ]. the police station [ ]. others (please write them on the space).................... DECISION ON TYPES OF TOURISM OBJECT MADE BY THE TOURISTS GUIDELINES: 1. Read the questions carefully and read the instructions on how to respond the questions. 2. For questions 9 – 10 write down the days you did the activities in the tourism objects on the column “Day”. 3. If you did not visit the tourism objects, please do not respond to the questions. NO
Questions
ACTIVITIES RELATED TO NATURAL TOURISM 12 On what day did you do the activities in the following object tourisms? 1. Climbing the top of Mount Rinjani 2. Camping at the Segara Anak Lake 3. Soaking in the hot spring water containing sulfur 4. Enjoying the natural beauty of the Fall 5. Watching the crowd of monkeys protected by the local government and the society 6. Diving to see the Blue Corals 7. Sighting the beauty of Corals at the sea by
The Activities Of a Touris In One Unit Day Hours
101
Snorkeling 8. Surfing 9. Swimming at the beach 10.Fishing 11.Enjoying the sunset along the beach or while sitting bear the beach. 12. Sunbathing to tan the skin 13. Others …………. ACTIVITIES RELATED TO CULTURE TOURISM 13. On what day did you do the following activities in the culture tourism objects? 1. Watching the performance of traditional music of Gendang Beleq, which becomes the characteristic of the tourism in NTB Province 2. Watching the traditional martial art of Sasaq tribe known as Peresean. 3. Watching various kinds of traditional ceremonies, which are regularly held at Senaru Village at the foot of Mount Rinjani 4. Observing the activities of the indigenous community of Sasaq tribe in its traditional village at Sade village, Central Lombok Regency. 5. Visiting the old mosque, which stands firmly at Senaru village. 6. Drinking the water, which is believed to make people stay young, and this water can be obtained from the old park of Selaparang Kingdom at Narmada Park- West Lombok Regency. 7. Visiting the museum in Mataram – West Lombok. 8. Enjoying the activities of night- clubs in the tourism areas. 9. Eating all kinds of foods from favorite menus from overseas to traditional foods at NTB Province at the best restaurants in a relaxed atmosphere. 10. Observing the economic activities of the local people at their traditional market directly. 11. Enjoying more relaxing time at Cafes. 12. Others …………………..
14. Did you extend your stay in NTB Province? If the answer is “NO”, do not respond to question 15. If the answer is ”Yes”, what were your reasons in extending your stay?
102
Lampiran 5 Validitas Dan Reliabilitas Instrument Item-Total Statistics
usia hoby pendapatan asal.negara sumber.awal radio internet buku foto leaflet slide majalah.dll CD televisi obyek wisata money changer info.hotel club.cafe restauran festival klinik.berobat jalur.transportasi acara.party jaringan.telekomunikasi guide kantor.polisi keamanan.hotel pecalang keamanan.bekerja private.of.security sumber.konfirmasi konfir.leaflet.dll konfir.buku konfir.foto konfir.slide konfir.internet konfir.majalah.dll konfir.CD konfir.TV konfir.obyek.wisata konfir.money.changer konfir.club.cafe konfir.hotel konfir.restauran konfir.festival konfir.klinik.berobat konfir.transportasi konfir.telekomunikasi
Scale Mean if Item Deleted
Scale Variance if Item Deleted
Corrected Item-Total Correlation
164,6000 165,3000 164,7000 162,6000 154,4000 167,1500 159,9000 160,9000 163,9000 164,9000 165,9000 165,9000 163,6500 165,1500 165,6500 165,6500 165,9000 164,4000 165,9000 166,9000 166,6500 165,4000 166,6500 166,4000 166,6500 165,9000 166,1500 166,4000 164,4000 166,9000 158,4000 161,4000 163,4000 160,9000 165,4000 166,4000 164,4000 166,6500 163,6500 165,9000 167,1500 166,4000 164,4000 166,4000 167,1000 166,6500 166,1500 164,9000
2940,989 2938,958 2904,011 2911,832 2765,095 2907,713 2956,516 2861,989 2814,200 2802,832 2913,568 2811,463 2798,555 2726,239 2794,239 2849,503 2951,989 2938,779 2864,095 2861,674 2826,555 2968,463 2772,871 2883,937 2812,345 2852,516 2856,976 2843,937 2844,042 2875,884 2658,042 2926,042 2663,305 2759,884 2704,779 2859,726 2724,568 2818,134 2594,871 2887,253 2877,187 2817,095 2824,042 2870,779 2931,779 2798,134 2791,187 2808,621
-,181 -,228 ,022 -,029 ,374 ,012 -,136 ,047 ,139 ,187 -,042 ,220 ,096 ,268 ,426 ,210 -,184 -,127 ,162 ,282 ,414 -,235 ,696 ,101 ,488 ,209 ,204 ,285 ,224 ,195 ,468 -,075 ,428 ,246 ,442 ,125 ,334 ,228 ,399 ,070 ,267 ,409 ,300 ,161 -,185 ,562 ,487 ,350
Cronbach' s Alpha if Item Deleted ,792 ,791 ,789 ,789 ,781 ,789 ,799 ,793 ,790 ,787 ,794 ,786 ,796 ,785 ,782 ,786 ,794 ,793 ,787 ,786 ,783 ,795 ,779 ,788 ,782 ,786 ,786 ,785 ,786 ,787 ,776 ,799 ,778 ,785 ,778 ,788 ,782 ,785 ,779 ,789 ,787 ,783 ,784 ,787 ,791 ,781 ,781 ,783
103
konfir.guide konfir.rentcar konfir.kantor.polisi konfir.pecalang konfir.private.of.security mendaki.gunung.rinjani berkemah pemandian.air.panas air.terjun kawanan.monyet menyelam snorkling surfing berenang.dipantai memancing sunset mandi.matahri bersepeda.motor bersepeda.gunung main.kano kegili.trawangan tete.batu atraksi.gendang peresean desa.senaru desa.sade masjid.kuno taman.narmada musium clubing restaurant pasar.tradisonal cafe membaca keliling.kawasan.wisata message keliling.kota.mataram gym pasar.seni masyarakat.senaru traveling.luar.lombok traveling.pulau.lombok masa.tinggal
166,4000 166,4000 166,1500 166,4000 164,9000 166,8000 166,9500 166,9500 166,0500 165,9000 166,8000 166,3500 166,6500 165,4500 166,8000 165,4500 165,4500 166,8000 166,8000 166,9500 167,1000 166,6500 166,5000 166,6500 166,6500 166,6500 167,1000 167,2500 167,2500 166,6500 165,6000 166,3500 165,6000 166,9500 167,1000 167,2500 167,1000 167,1000 167,1000 167,2500 167,2500 167,1000 158,9000
2822,358 2880,253 2799,082 2912,358 2867,042 2943,747 2936,050 2935,734 2841,945 2868,937 2902,379 2884,450 2872,450 2884,261 2871,747 2868,155 2848,576 2910,589 2824,695 2870,366 2898,305 2932,766 2833,316 2947,924 2884,766 2847,503 2923,884 2922,092 2876,618 2866,450 2814,463 2860,450 2859,937 2870,366 2907,779 2918,303 2889,147 2888,200 2856,305 2918,303 2900,934 2893,253 2448,411
,385 ,118 ,453 -,028 ,134 -,260 -,225 -,222 ,405 ,238 ,050 ,151 ,254 ,153 ,282 ,255 ,381 -,012 ,644 ,330 ,114 -,167 ,501 -,271 ,167 ,430 -,143 -,167 ,464 ,296 ,586 ,305 ,299 ,330 ,018 -,114 ,206 ,216 ,540 -,114 ,126 ,165 ,677
Case Processing Summary N % Cases Valid 20 100,0 Excluded(a) 0 ,0 Total 20 100,0 a Listwise deletion based on all variables in the procedure. Reliability Statistics Cronbach's Alpha ,789
N of Items 91
,783 ,788 ,782 ,790 ,788 ,792 ,791 ,791 ,784 ,786 ,789 ,787 ,786 ,787 ,786 ,786 ,785 ,789 ,782 ,786 ,788 ,791 ,783 ,792 ,787 ,784 ,790 ,790 ,786 ,786 ,782 ,786 ,786 ,786 ,789 ,789 ,787 ,787 ,785 ,789 ,788 ,788 ,763
