PAST SIMPLE TENSE ( onvoltooid verleden tijd )
Hoe?
- werkwoord + ed ( bij regelmatige werkwoorden ) - bij onregelmatige werkwoorden de 2e rij ( deze moet je dus uit je hoofd leren )
vervoeging
van bijv, het ( regelmatige ) werkwoord work; Bevestigend
vragend
ontkennend
I worked you worked he worked she worked it worked we worked you worked they worked
did did did did did did did did
I didn’t work you didn’t work he didn’t work she didn’t work it didn’t we didn’t work you didn’t work they didn’t work
I work ? you work ? he work ? she work ? it work ? we work ? you work ? they work ?
van het onregelmatige werkwoord go I went you went he went she went it went we went you went they went
did I go ? did you go ? did it he go ? did she go ? did it go ? did we go ? did you go ? did they go ?
I didn’t go you didn’t go he didn’t go she didn’t go it didn’t go we didn’t go you didn’t go they didn’t go
Opletten !!!!!!!! Bij vragen en ontkenningen vinden de veranderingen dus plaats bij het hulpwerkwoord. Wanneer ?
Als iets in het verleden is gebeurd (en het is over, afgelopen, uit.) Je moet de Past Simple zeker gebruiken als er een verleden tijdsbepaling in de zin staat.
Er staat vaak een verledentijdsbepaling in de zin. signaalwoorden Bijvoorbeeld: yesterday Last week In 1900 When I was young etc. voorbeelden
Last year I was in London. When I was young I played football very well. We went to the zoo yesterday.
PRESENT PERFECT TENSE ( voltooid tegenwoordige tijd ) ww+ ed bij regelmatige ww Hoe?
Have/ has + voltooid deelwoord < 3e rij van onregelmatige ww
Wanneer ?
1. als iets in het verleden is begonnen en de situatie is nog steeds zo. 2. als het resultaat van iets dat in het verleden is gebeurd nog van belang is / nog zichtbaar is. 3 .als iets net of nog niet gebeurd is.
Signaal woorden
Since, for, ever , never, always, just, not yet, for how long ?
voorbeelden 1. – I have lived here since 1999. . – John has played football for 3 years. -- He has always been a Beatles fan. 2 – It has rained ( > the streets are wet. ) -- ( I have no money< ) I have lost my purse. 3 – We have just met him. --He hasn’t seen the film yet.
Opletten !!!
Er staat in deze zinnen NOOIT een verledentijdsbepaling.!!!!!!! En ook al gebruiken wij in het Nederlands de voltooid tegenwoordige tijd, in het Engels mag dat nooit als er een verledentijdsbepaling in de zin staat.
Vergelijk: Ned : Ik ben gisteren in de dierentuin geweest. Eng : I was in the zoo yesterday
STAPPENPLAN: OEFENINGEN BIJ PRESENT PERFECT en PAST SIMPLE
Stap 1: Herkennen van Past Simple en Present Perfect: Onderstreep in de volgende zinnen de werkwoorden die in de Present Perfect en in de Past Simple staan ( gebruik voor de twee tijden verschillende kleuren, lijntjes, of markers ) 1. Yesterday we saw a very exciting horror film. 2. Have you ever seen a horror film? 3. My mother has been a Madonna fan since the very beginning. 4. I wanted to be a fireman when I was four. 5. But since I am at secondary school I have wanted ro be a veterinarian. 6. When I was in Spain I visited a lot of beautiful cities. 7. Have you ever been to Andalusia. 8. No, but I have always wanted to go there. 9. I went there last summer and I enjoyed the trip very much. 10. I have just received your message.
Stap 2: Zet de werkwoorden tussen haakjes in de Past Simple. 1. We ( hear ) the extraordinary news, when we were on holiday. 2. My father ( go ) out ten minutes ago. 3. Five prisoners ( escape ) yesterday. 4. Ages ago the Romans (conquer ) a lot of European countries 5. ( See ) you ) that film last night? 6. I ( do ) this sort of work when I ( be ) in the army. 7. Where ( be ) you last night when I ( ring ) you? 8. I ( leave ) home at 8 and ( go ) to see some friends. 9. We ( read ) this book when we ( be ) at school. 10. ( Wear ) you your hair long when you ( be ) at school? Stap 3 : Zet de werkwoorden tussen haakjes in de Present Perfect: 1. Shakespeare ( write ) a lot of plays. We still enjoy them today. 2. He ( not smoke ) for two years. He is trying to give it up. 3. ( Hear ) you ever of Loch Ness? 4. The film ( just begin ) . You ( not miss ) much. 5. I ( never meet ) a man like him before. 6. We ( miss ) the bus. Now we will have to walk. 7. Tom ( seen ) that film . He can tell you all about it. 8. How long ( live ) you here? 9. I ( buy ) some beautiful shoes. I can’t wait to put them on! 10. Peter can’t go out because he ( not finish ) his work.
Stap 4: Kies nu zelf voor de Past Simple of de Present Perfect !!!!!! Let vooral op de tijdsbepalingen en signaalwoorden! Onderstreep voordat je de juiste werkwoordsvorm opschrijft de tijdsbepaling of het signaalwoord waaraan je kunt afleiden welke tense je moet gebruiken.
A. Vul de juiste vorm van het werkwoord in. 1. ( Be ) you ever in Oxford? 2. Are you sure you ( never hear ) about Mozart? 3. Every Saturday my uncle ( buy ) flowers, when my aunt was still alive. 4. He ( be ) taken to hospital. 5. Where ( be )he taken to , which hospital? 6. He ( go ) on holiday last Wednesday. 7. How long ( be ) you waiting here? 8. How long ( have ) you a CD player? 9. How long ( know ) you eachother? 10. How often ( meet ) you him last week? 11. I ( see ) that fim. I can tell you all about it. 12. When ( see ) you that film? 13. I see that you ( buy ) a new bike. 14. Yes, I ( buy ) it yesterday. B. Vul the juiste vorm van het werkwoord in: 1. In 1989 the East Germans ( obtain ) their freedom. 2. Just before the fall of the Berlin Wall he ( visit ) East Germany. 3. Last week the police ( stop ) me in the streets. 4. My brother ( live ) in Bonn for ten years now. 5. My brother ( work ) for British Rail for three years now. 6. They ( leave ) ten minutes ago. 7. No you’re wrong. They ( just leave ). 8. We ( live ) in London when we were young. 9. Where ( buy ) you these CDs? 10. When ( buy ) you them ? Stap 5: Vertaal de volgende zinnen en gebruik daarin de juiste tijden van het werkwoord: Past Simple of Present Perfect. Let op signaalwoorden en verledentijdsbepalingen! Denk ook goed om de goede woordvolgorde in de zin: 1. onderwerp 2. gezegde 3. meewerkend voorwerp 4. lijdend voorwerp 5. plaatsbepaling 6. tijdsbepaling 1. Gisteren ben ik in de dieren tuin geweest. 2. Heb jij die film gezien? 3. Wanneer heb jij die CD gekocht? 4. Ik heb geen CD gekocht, . 5. Mijn broer werkt al drie jaar in Dubai. 6. Ik heb nog nooit zo’n lelijke man ontmoet! 7. Iedereen heeft het gebouw onmiddellijk na de explosie in de kantine verlaten. 8. Waar ben je gisterenavond geweest? 9. Ik heb je gisteren twee keer opgebeld en ik heb geen antwoord gekregen. 10. Hoe lang zit jij al op het Zwijsen College ?
Keys : extra grammar Present perfect / Past simple
Stap 1:
KEYS
past simple--- present perfect 1 Yesterday we saw a very exciting horror film. 2 Have you ever seen a horror film? 3 My mother has been a Madonna film since the very beginning. 4 I wanted to be a fireman when I was four. 5 But since I am at secundary school I have wanted ro be a veterinarian. 6 When I was in Spain I visited a lot of beautiful cities. 7 Have you ever been to Andalusia. 8. No, but I have always wanted to go there. 9. I went there last summer and I enjoyed the trip very much. 10.I have just received your message.
Stap 2 :
KEYS 1. heard 2. went 3. escaped 4. conquered 5. did ( you ) see 6. did, was 7. were, rang 8. left, went 9. read , were 10. did ( you) wear, were
Stap 3:
KEYS: 1. has written 2. hasn’t smoked 3. have heard 4. has ( just ) begun / haven’t missed 5. have ( never) met 6. have missed 7. has seen 8. has lived 9. have bought 10. hasn’t finished yet
Satp 4: KEYS A.
1. have been 2. have never heard 3. bought 4. was ( taken ) 5. has been ( taken ) 6. went 7. have been ( waiting ) 8. have had 9. have known 10. did meet 11. have seen 12. did see 13. have bought 14. bought.
4 B. 1. obtained 2. visited 3. stopped 4. has lived 5. has worked 6. left 7. have ( just ) left 8. lived 9. have bought 10. bought Stap 5:
KEYS 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.
I was in the zoo yesterday. ( Yesterday I was in the zoo. ) Have you seen that film? When did you buy that CD? I haven’t bought a CD. My brother has worked in Dubai for three years ( now). I have never met such an ugly man! Everybody left the building immediately after the explosion in the canteen. Where were you last night? I called ( rang ) you twice yesterday but I didn’t get an answer. 10. How long have you been at Zwijsen College?
