PERENCANAAN IMPLEMENTASI SISTEM ERP BERBASIS SAP MODUL MATERIAL MANAGEMENT PADA PROSES PURCHASING LOKAL (MATERIAL) PT. KRAKATAU STEEL SKRIPSI

PERENCANAAN IMPLEMENTASI SISTEM ERP BERBASIS SAP MODUL MATERIAL MANAGEMENT PADA PROSES PURCHASING LOKAL (MATERIAL) PT. KRAKATAU STEEL

SKRIPSI

Oleh Mudita Ferdiana 1000835543 Sony Ignatius

1000869310

Lucya Amanda

1000889035

Universitas Bina Nusantara Jakarta 2010


SKRIPSI

diajukan sebagai salah satu syarat untuk gelar kesarjanaan pada Jurusan Sistem Informasi Jenjang Pendidikan Strata-1

Oleh Mudita Ferdiana

1000835543

Sony Ignatius

1000869310

Lucya Amanda

1000889035

Universitas Bina Nusantara Jakarta 2010


SKRIPSI

Disusun Oleh :

Mudita Ferdiana

Sony Ignatius

Lucya Amanda

1000835543

1000869310

1000889035

Disetujui Oleh : Pembimbing

Yanti, S.Kom.,MM Kode Dosen : D1875

Universitas Bina Nusantara Jakarta 2010 iii

Universitas Bina Nusantara Pernyataan Kesiapan Skripsi untuk Ujian Pendadaran

Pernyataan Penyusunan Skripsi Kami, Mudita Ferdiana Sony Ignatius Lucya Amanda dengan ini menyatakan bahwa skripsi yang berjudul :

PERENCANAAN IMPLEMENTASI SISTEM ERP BERBASIS SAP MODUL MATERIAL MANAGEMENT PADA PROSES PURCHASING LOKAL (MATERIAL) PT. KRAKATAU STEEL adalah benar hasil karya kami dan belum pernah diajukan sebagai karya ilmiah, sebagian atau seluruhnya, atas nama kami atau pihak lain

Mudita Ferdiana 1000835543

Sony Ignatius 1000869310

Lucya Amanda 1000889035

Disetujui oleh Pembimbing Saya setuju skripsi tersebut diajukan untuk Ujian Pendadaran

Yanti, S.Kom.,MM Pembimbing

2 Februari 2010

iii

PERNYATAAN Dengan ini kami, Nama

: Mudita Ferdiana

NIM

: 1000835543

Nama

: Sony Ignatius

NIM

: 1000869310

Nama

: Lucya Amanda

NIM

: 1000889035

Judul skripsi : PERENCANAAN IMPLEMENTASI SISTEM ERP BERBASIS SAP MODUL MATERIAL MANAGEMENT PADA PROSES PURCHASING LOKAL (MATERIAL) PT. KRAKATAU STEEL Memberikan kepada Universitas Bina Nusantara hak non-eksklusif untuk menyimpan, memperbanyak, dan menyebarluaskan skripsi karya kami, secara keseluruhan atau hanya sebagian atau hanya ringkasannya saja, dalam bentuk format tercetak dan atau elektronik. Menyatakan bahwa kami, akan mempertahankan hak exclusive kami, untuk menggunakan seluruh atau sebagian isi skripsi kami, guna pengembangan karya di masa depan, misalnya bentuk artikel, buku, perangkat lunak, ataupun sistem informasi.

Jakarta, 3 Maret 2010

Mudita Ferdiana

Sony Ignatius

vii

Lucya Amanda

PRAKATA

Segala puji dan syukur penulis panjatkan kepada Tuhan Yang Maha Esa yang telah memberikan segala rahmat dan karunia-Nya, sehingga penulisan skripsi yang berjudul Perencanaan Implementasi Sistem ERP Berbasis SAP Modul Material Management pada proses Purchasing Lokal (Material) PT. Krakatau Steel ini dapat diselesaikan tepat pada waktunya. Skripsi ini disusun sebagai salah satu syarat kelengkapan studi Jurusan Sistem Informasi Jenjang Pendidikan Strata-1 di Universitas Bina Nusantara. Dari awal hingga akhir penyusunan skripsi ini, penulis menyadari bahwa tidak sedikit bantuan, bimbingan, dan dukungan yang telah diberikan oleh beberapa pihak baik secara langsung maupun tidak langsung. Maka melalui kesempatan ini, penulis ingin menyampaikan terima kasih kepada : 1.

Bapak Prof. Dr. Ir. Harjanto Prabowo, MM, selaku Rektor Universitas Bina Nusantara.

2.

Bapak Ir. Sablin Yusuf, M.Sc., M.Comp.Sc, selaku Dekan Fakultas Ilmu Komputer Universitas Bina Nusantara.

3.

Bapak Johan, S.Kom., MM, selaku Ketua Jurusan Sistem Informasi Universitas Bina Nusantara.

4.

Ibu Yanti, S.Kom., MM, selaku dosen pembimbing yang telah berkenan meluangkan waktu dan tenaganya untuk memberikan petunjuk, saran, dan bimbingan bagi penulis dalam penyusunan skripsi ini.

ix

5.

Seluruh dosen dan staf pengajar Universitas Bina Nusantara yang telah memberikan berbagai ilmu dan bimbingan selama masa perkuliahan sebagai bekal untuk menyelesaikan skripsi ini.

6.

Bapak Didik Sugeng, Bapak Bakat Tya Maya Yogha, Bapak Azis beserta Ibu Asmariyah dan Ibu Eni Indriyati dari Pusat Pendidikan dan Latihan (PUSDIKLAT) PT. Krakatau Steel yang telah memberikan izin kepada penulis untuk melakukan penelitian di PT. Krakatau Steel.

7.

Bapak Tony Sunarto, Bapak Yose Andrinal, Bapak Jumarno, Bapak Nana Supriatna, Bapak Harry Cahyono, Bapak Tunggul Narendra Putra, Bapak Rachmad Kurniawan, selaku pembimbing dalam penelitian dari Team Project SAP PT. Krakatau Steel yang telah membantu dalam pengumpulan data serta memberikan informasi dan masukan yang diperlukan dalam penulisan skripsi ini.

8.

Orang tua dan saudara-saudari penulis, serta Ibu Lili yang telah memberikan bantuan, dorongan dan semangat untuk menyelesaikan skripsi ini.

9.

Seluruh teman-teman dan juga bagi semua pihak yang telah banyak membantu dan mendukung dalam penulisan skripsi ini.

Penulis menyadari bahwa masih banyak terdapat kekurangan dalam penulisan ini. Untuk itu penulis sangat mengharapkan saran dan kritik dari para pembaca untuk dapat menyempurnakan skripsi ini.

x

Akhir kata, penulis berharap semoga skripsi ini dapat bermanfaat bagi pembaca sekalian. Jakarta, 2 Febuari 2010

Penulis

xi

DAFTAR ISI

Halaman Judul Luar .......................................................................................................... i Halaman Judul Dalam ....................................................................................................... ii Halaman Persetujuan Hardcover ....................................................................................... iii Halaman Pernyataan Dewan Penguji ............................................................................... iv Halaman Pemberian Hak Cipta Non Eksklusif dari Mahasiswa ke Universitas Bina Nusantara ......................................................................................................................... vii Abstrak .............................................................................................................................. viii Prakata ............................................................................................................................... ix Daftar Isi ............................................................................................................................ xii Daftar Tabel ...................................................................................................................... xxvii Daftar Gambar .................................................................................................................. xxxiv Daftar Lampiran ............................................................................................................... xxxvii

BAB 1 PENDAHULUAN 1.1 Latar Belakang ...................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Ruang Lingkup .......................................................................................................2 1.3 Tujuan dan Manfaat .............................................................................................. 3 1.4 Metode Penelitian .................................................................................................. 4 1.5 Sistematika Penulisan ............................................................................................ 5 BAB 2 LANDASAN TEORI 2.1 Teori-teori Dasar / Umum ...................................................................................... 7 2.1.1

Pengertian Sistem ....................................................................................... 7 xii

2.1.2

Pengertian Informasi .................................................................................. 7

2.1.3

Pengertian Sistem Informasi ....................................................................... 8

2.1.4

Sistem ERP..................................................................................................9 2.1.4.1 Pengertian ERP................................................................................9 2.1.4.2 Beberapa Aplikasi ERP..................................................................10 2.1.4.3 Modul-modul ERP.........................................................................11

2.1.5

Sistem Pembelian.......................................................................................12

2.1.6

Siklus Pembelian........................................................................................14 2.1.6.1 Request/requirement for goods or service initiated.......................15 2.1.6.2 Select Vendor(s) (External Suppliers)............................................15 2.1.6.3 Place Order....................................................................................16 2.1.6.4 Goods /Services Received..............................................................16 2.1.6.5 Invoice Received & Verified..........................................................16 2.1.6.6 Issue Payment................................................................................17

2.1.7

Procurement...............................................................................................17

2.1.8

Vendor Evaluation.....................................................................................19

2.2 SAP .......................................................................................................................20 2.2.1

Modul Material Management....................................................................20 2.2.1.1 Siklus Procurement........................................................................20 2.2.1.1.1 Requirement Determination...........................................20 2.2.1.1.2 Determination of Source of Supply................................21 2.2.1.1.3 Vendor Selection............................................................22 2.2.1.1.4 Purchase Order Processing...........................................22 2.2.1.1.5 Purchase Order Monitoring...........................................23

xiii

2.2.1.1.6 Goods Receipt................................................................24 2.2.1.1.7 Invoice Verification........................................................24 2.2.1.1.8 Payment Processing.......................................................25 2.2.1.2 Master Data...................................................................................25 2.2.1.2.1 Vendor Master................................................................26 2.2.1.2.1.1 Account Group...........................................27 2.2.1.2.1.2 Reconciliation Account..............................28 2.2.1.2.1.3 Partner roles..............................................29 2.2.1.2.2 Material Master.............................................................30 2.2.1.2.3 Purchasing Information Record.....................................32 2.2.1.3 Material Requirement Planning (MRP) .......................................33 2.2.2

Enterprise Structure (Tingkatan Organisasi) pada SAP............................37 2.2.2.1 Client..............................................................................................38 2.2.2.2 Company Code...............................................................................39 2.2.2.3 Plant...............................................................................................40 2.2.2.4 Storage Location............................................................................41 2.2.2.5 Purchase Organization..................................................................42 2.2.2.6 Purchasing Group..........................................................................43

2.2.3

Implementasi Sistem ERP..........................................................................46

2.2.4

Metodologi Accelerated SAP (ASAP) ......................................................47 2.2.4.1 Project Preparation.......................................................................48 2.2.4.1.1 Strategi Implementasi....................................................48 2.2.4.1.1.1 System Topology........................................48 2.2.4.1.1.2 Migrasi.......................................................49

xiv

2.2.4.2 Business Blueprint.........................................................................50 2.2.4.2.1 Unit Organisasi...............................................................51 2.2.4.2.2 Master Data....................................................................51 2.2.4.2.3 Business Scenario .........................................................52 2.2.4.2.4 Business Process ............................................................53 2.2.4.3 Realization ................................................................................... 53 2.2.4.4 Final Preparation ........................................................................ 53 2.2.4.5 Go live and Support ......................................................................53 2.3 Flowchart.............................................................................................................. 54 2.3.1

Definisi.......................................................................................................54

2.3.2

Notasi.........................................................................................................54

BAB 3 PROJECT PREPARATION 3.1

Gambaran Umum Perusahaan ................................................................................. 60 3.1.1 Gambaran Umum Perusahaan ..................................................................... 60 3.1.1.1

Latar Belakang Perusahaan ......................................................... 61

3.1.1.2

Visi dan Misi Perusahaan ............................................................ 62

3.1.1.3

Struktur Organisasi Perusahaan .................................................. 62

3.1.2 Proses Bisnis Purchasing (Lokal) Material ................................................. 66

3.1.2.1

Permintaan Pembelian ................................................................. 66

3.1.2.2

Permintaan Penawaran dan Pemilihan Vendor ........................... 73

3.1.2.3

Pemrosesan Pembelian ................................................................ 80

3.1.2.4

Penerimaan Material dan Pengajuan Claim ................................ 85

3.1.2.5

Verifikasi Tagihan ....................................................................... 90 xv

3.2

Proyek SAP pada PT.Krakatau Steel(Trust)............................................................ 92 3.2.1 Tujuan dan Manfaat Proyek SAP ................................................................... 93 3.2.1.1

Sasaran Implementasi SAP Modul Material Management ......... 95

3.2.2 Ruang Lingkup Implementasi ...................................................................... 96 3.2.2.1

Ruang Lingkup Organisasi dan Geografis .................................. 96

3.2.2.2

Ruang Lingkup Fungsional ......................................................... 97 3.2.2.2.1

Ruang Lingkup Modul Material Management ......... 97

3.2.3 Organisasi Proyek ........................................................................................ 98 3.2.4 Tahap-tahap Implementasi ........................................................................... 115 3.2.5 Jadwal Proyek Implementasi ....................................................................... 118 3.2.6 Arsitektur Teknologi Informasi ................................................................... 120 3.2.6.1

3.2.6.2

SAP System Landscape ............................................................... 120 3.2.6.1.1

Develompment System............................................. 122

3.2.6.1.2

Quallity Assurance System ...................................... 123

3.2.6.1.3

Production System .................................................... 123

3.2.6.1.4

Sandbox System ....................................................... 123

Transport System......................................................................... 124

BAB 4 BUSINESS BLUEPRINT .................................................................................. 126 4.1 Organizational Unit ................................................................................................. 126 4.1.1

Client .............................................................................................................126 4.1.1.1 Description.........................................................................................126 4.1.1.2 Kodefikasi ..........................................................................................126

4.1.2

Company Code ..............................................................................................126 xvi

4.1.2.1 Description.........................................................................................126 4.1.2.2 Kodefikasi ........................................................................................ 126 4.1.3

Plant ............................................................................................................. 127 4.1.3.1 Description ....................................................................................... 127 4.1.3.2 Kodefikasi ........................................................................................ 127

4.1.4

Storage Location .......................................................................................... 128 4.1.4.1 Description ........................................................................................128 4.1.4.2 Kodefikasi .........................................................................................129

4.1.5

Purchasing Organization...............................................................................141 4.1.5.1 Description ........................................................................................141 4.1.5.2 Kodefikasi .........................................................................................142

4.1.6

Purchasing Group .........................................................................................142 4.1.6.1 Description ........................................................................................142 4.1.6.2 Kodefikasi .........................................................................................143

4.2 Business Process .......................................................................................................150 4.2.1 Reservation .....................................................................................................150 4.2.1.1 Process Area Overview........................................................................150 4.2.1.2 Business Process Description..............................................................150 4.2.1.2.1 Kondisi Perusahaan ........................................................151 4.2.1.3 Sistem Processing (Flowchart) .......................................................... 152 4.2.1.4 Analisa Perbedaan ..............................................................................152 4.2.1.5 Transaction for Reservation................................................................152 4.2.1.6 Beberapa Field yang Harus Diisi dan Penomoran Dokumen ............ 154 4.2.1.7 Manfaat Bisnis ................................................................................... 157

xvii

4.2.1.8 Integrasi Antar Modul ........................................................................158 4.2.1.9 Integrasi Intra Modul ..........................................................................158 4.2.1.10 Keluaran Proses Bisnis ...................................................................... 158 4.2.1.11 User Role dalam Reservation .............................................................158 4.2.2

Purchase Requisition ....................................................................................158 4.2.2.1 Process Area Overview...................................................................158 4.2.2.2 Business Process Description.........................................................159 4.2.2.2.1

Kondisi Perusahaan .................................................... 162

4.2.2.3 Sistem Processing (Flowchart) ......................................................163 4.2.2.4 Analisa Perbedaan ..........................................................................164 4.2.2.5 Transaction for Purchase Requisition ...........................................165 4.2.2.6 Beberapa field yang Harus Diisi dan Penomoran Dokumen..........166 4.2.2.7 Manfaat Bisnis ...............................................................................170 4.2.2.8 Integrasi Antar Modul ....................................................................171 4.2.2.9 Integrasi Intra Modul .................................................................... 171 4.2.2.10 Keluaran Proses Bisnis ..................................................................171 4.2.2.11 User Role dalam Purchase Requisition ..........................................171 4.2.3

Harga Perkiraan Sendiri/Owner’s Estimate ..................................................172 4.2.3.1 Process Area Overview ..................................................................172 4.2.3.2 Business Process Description ....................................................... 172 4.2.3.2.1 Kondisi Perusahaan .........................................................177 4.2.3.3 Sistem Processing (Flowchart) ......................................................179 4.2.3.4 Analisa Perbedaan ..........................................................................180 4.2.3.5 Transaction for HPS/OE ...............................................................181

xviii

4.2.3.6 Beberapa Field yang Harus Diisi dan Penomoran Dokumen ........183 4.2.3.7 Manfaat Bisnis................................................................................191 4.2.3.8 Integrasi Antar Modul ....................................................................192 4.2.3.9 Integrasi Intra Modul......................................................................192 4.2.3.10 Keluaran Proses Bisnis ................................................................. 192 4.2.3.11 User Role dalam HPS/OE ..............................................................192 4.2.4

Daftar Peserta Tender (DPT) ....................................................................... 193 4.2.4.1

Process Area Overview......................................................................193

4.2.4.2

Business Process Description ...........................................................194 4.2.4.2.1

Kondisi Perusahaan ........................................................ 197

4.2.4.3

Sistem Processing (Flowchart) .........................................................200

4.2.4.4

Analisa Perbedaan .............................................................................201

4.2.4.5

Transaction for DPT .........................................................................202

4.2.4.6

Beberapa Field yang Harus Diisi dan Penomoran Dokumen ...........202

4.2.4.7

Manfaat Bisnis ..................................................................................208

4.2.4.8

Integrasi Antar Modul .......................................................................208

4.2.4.9

Integrasi Intra Modul ........................................................................209

4.2.4.10 Keluaran Proses Bisnis ......................................................................209 4.2.4.11 User Role dalam DPT .......................................................................209 4.2.5 Request For Quotation .................................................................................. 209 4.2.5.1

Process Area Overview .....................................................................209

4.2.5.2

Business Process Description ...........................................................210 4.2.5.2.1 Kondisi Perusahaan .........................................................212

4.2.5.3

Sistem Processing (Flowchart) .........................................................214 xix

4.2.5.4

Analisa Perbedaan ............................................................................ 215

4.2.5.5

Transaction for RFQ .........................................................................216

4.2.5.6

Beberapa Field yang Harus Diisi dan Penomoran Dokumen ...........216

4.2.5.7

Manfaat Bisnis ..................................................................................218

4.2.5.8

Integrasi Antar Modul .......................................................................219

4.2.5.9

Integrasi Intra Modul ........................................................................219

4.2.5.10 Keluaran Proses Bisnis ......................................................................220 4.2.5.11 User Role dalam RFQ....................................................................... 220 4.2.6 Quotation ........................................................................................................220 4.2.6.1 Process Area Overview .......................................................................220 4.2.6.2 Business Process Description .............................................................220 4.2.6.3 Sistem Processing (Flowchart) .......................................................... 222 4.2.6.4 Analisa Perbedaan ..............................................................................223 4.2.6.5 Transaction for Quotation ................................................................. 223 4.2.6.6 Beberapa Field yang Harus Diisi dan Penomoran Dokumen .............224 4.2.6.7 Manfaat Bisnis ....................................................................................230 4.2.6.8 Integrasi Antar Modul ....................................................................... 230 4.2.6.9 Integrasi Intra Modul ..........................................................................230 4.2.6.10 Keluaran Proses Bisnis .......................................................................231 4.2.6.11 User Role dalam Quotation ................................................................231 4.2.7 E-Auction.........................................................................................................231

4.2.7.1

Process Area Overview......................................................................231

4.2.7.2

Business Process Description .......................................................... 231

4.2.7.3

Sistem Processing (Flowchart)..........................................................235 xx

4.2.7.4

Manfaat Bisnis...................................................................................237

4.2.8 Contract...........................................................................................................238 4.2.8.1 Process Area Overview .....................................................................238 4.2.8.2 Business Process Description............................................................238 4.2.8.3 Sistem Processing (Flowchart) .........................................................241 4.2.8.4 Transaction for Contract...................................................................241 4.2.8.5 Beberapa Field yang Harus Diisi dan Penomoran Dokumen ...........242 4.2.8.6 Manfaat Bisnis ..................................................................................249 4.2.8.7 Integrasi Antar Modul ...................................................................... 250 4.2.8.8 Integrasi Intra Modul ........................................................................250 4.2.8.9 Keluaran Proses Bisnis ......................................................................251 4.2.8.10 User Role dalam Contract .................................................................251 4.2.9 Purchase Order ..............................................................................................251 4.2.9.1 Process Area Overview ...................................................................... 251 4.2.9.2 Business Process Description .............................................................252 4.2.9.2.1 Perubahan PO setelah PO dikirim ke Vendor ....................253 4.2.9.2.2 Pembatalan PO setelah PO dikirim ke Vendor ..................254 4.2.9.2.3 Kondisi di Perusahaan ....................................................... 254 4.2.9.3 Sistem Processing (Flowchart) ...........................................................257 4.2.9.4 Analisa Perbedaan ..............................................................................258 4.2.9.5 Transaction for Purchase Order ........................................................258 4.2.9.6 Beberapa Field yang Harus Diisi.........................................................259 4.2.9.7 Manfaat Bisnis ....................................................................................264 4.2.9.8 Integrasi Antar Modul ........................................................................265

xxi

4.2.9.9 Integrasi Intra Modul ..........................................................................265 4.1.1.1 Keluaran Proses Bisnis .......................................................................266 4.1.1.2 User Role dalam Purchase Order........................................................266 4.2.10 Purchase Order Monitoring...........................................................................266 4.2.10.1

Process Area Overview................................................................266

4.2.10.2

Business Process Description......................................................267

4.2.10.3

Sistem Processing (Flowchart) ...................................................269

4.2.10.4

Transaction for Purchase Order Monitoring...............................270

4.2.10.5

Beberapa Field yang Harus Diisi ................................................271

4.2.10.6

Manfaat Bisnis ............................................................................278

4.2.10.7

Integrasi Antar Modul .................................................................278

4.2.10.8

Integrasi Intra Modul ..................................................................279

4.2.10.9

Keluaran Proses Bisnis ................................................................279

4.2.10.10 User Role dalam PO Monitoring.................................................279 4.2.11 Goods Receipt...............................................................................................279

4.2.11.1

Process Area Overview ...............................................................279

4.2.11.2


4.2.11.3


4.2.11.4

Analisa Perbedaan .......................................................................284

4.2.11.5

Transaction for Goods Receipt...................................................285

4.2.11.6

Beberapa Field yang Harus Diisi dan Penomoran Dokumen ....285

4.2.11.7

Manfaat Bisnis............................................................................ 292

4.2.11.8


4.2.11.9

Integrasi Intra Modul ..................................................................293 xxii

4.2.11.10 Keluaran Proses Bisnis ................................................................293 4.2.11.11 User Role dalam Goods Receipt..................................................293 4.2.12 Logistic Invoice Verification.........................................................................294 4.2.12.1


4.2.12.2


4.2.12.3


4.2.12.4


4.2.12.5

Transaction for Invoice Verification............................................298

4.2.12.6

Beberapa Field yang Harus Diisi dan Penomoran Dokumen......299

4.2.12.7

Manfaat Bisnis ............................................................................304

4.2.12.8

Integrasi Antar Modul..................................................................305

4.2.12.9

Integrasi Intra Modul ..................................................................305

4.2.12.10 Keluaran Proses Bisnis.................................................................305 4.2.12.11 User Role dalam Invoice Verification..........................................305 4.2.13 Claim..............................................................................................................306

4.2.13.1


4.2.13.2


4.2.13.3

Sistem Processing (Flowchart)....................................................310

4.2.13.4


4.2.13.5

Transaction for Claim..................................................................312

4.2.13.6

Beberapa Field yang Harus Diisi dan Penomoran Dokumen......313

4.2.13.7

Manfaat Bisnis.............................................................................324

4.2.13.8


4.2.13.9

Integrasi Intra Modul ..................................................................325 xxiii

4.2.13.10 Keluaran Proses Bisnis ................................................................325 4.2.13.11 User Role dalam Claim................................................................326 4.3 Master Data...............................................................................................................326 4.3.1 Material Master Data....................................................................................326 4.3.1.1 Process Overview...............................................................................326 4.3.1.2 Business Process Description...........................................................326 4.3.1.2.1 Kondisi Perusahaan.............................................................328 4.3.1.3 Sistem Processing..............................................................................330 4.3.1.4 Transaction for Material Master Data..............................................331 4.3.1.5 Beberapa Field yang harus Diisi dan Penomoran Material ..............331 4.3.2

Vendor Master Data ......................................................................................343 4.3.2.1 Process Overview............................................................................343 4.3.2.2 Business Process Description ........................................................343 4.3.2.2.1 Kondisi Perusahaan .........................................................349 4.3.2.3 Sistem Processing (Flowchart) ......................................................351 4.3.2.4 Analisa Perbedaan ..........................................................................352 4.3.2.5 Transaction for Vendor Master Data.............................................352 4.3.2.6 Field-field yang harus Diisi dan Penomoran Vendor......................353 4.3.2.7 Manfaat Bisnis................................................................................361 4.3.2.8 User Role untuk Vendor Master Data............................................362

4.3.3

Vendor Evaluation........................................................................................362 4.3.3.1 Process Overview............................................................................362 4.3.3.2 Business Process Description.........................................................362 4.3.3.2.1 Kondisi Perusahaan ........................................................ 369

xxiv

4.3.3.3 Sistem Processing (Flowchart) ......................................................370 4.3.3.4 Analisa Perbedaan ..........................................................................371 4.3.3.5 Transaction for Vendor Evaluation................................................372 4.3.3.6 Beberapa field yang Diisi untuk Vendor Evaluation......................372 4.3.3.7 Manfaat Bisnis .............................................................................. 373 4.3.3.8 User Role dalam Vendor Evaluation ............................................ 377 4.3.4 Vendor Additional Data .................................................................................377 4.3.4.1

Process Overview............................................................................377

4.3.4.2

Business Process Description.........................................................377 4.3.4.2.1 Kondisi Perusahaan..........................................................379

4.3.4.3

Sistem Processing (Flowchart) ......................................................380

4.3.4.4

Analisa Perbedaan..........................................................................381

4.3.4.5

Transaction for Vendor additional Data .......................................381

4.3.4.6

Beberapa field yang Diisi ...............................................................382

4.3.4.7

Manfaat Bisnis............................................................................... 385

4.3.4.8

User Role dalam Vendor Additional Data......................................386

4.3.5 Purchasing Info Record...................................................................................386 4.3.5.1

Process Overview............................................................................386

4.3.5.2

Business Process Description.........................................................386 4.3.5.2.1

Kondisi Perusahaan......................................................387

4.3.5.3

System Processing (Flowchart) ......................................................389

4.3.5.4

Analisa Perbedaan..........................................................................389

4.3.5.5

Transaction for Purchasing Info Record........................................390

xxv

4.3.5.6

Beberapa field yang Diisi dan Penomoran Purchasing Info Record .......................................................................................................390

4.3.5.7

Manfaat Bisnis................................................................................396

4.3.5.8

User Role dalam Purchasing Info Record......................................397

BAB 5 SIMPULAN DAN SARAN ................................................................................398 5.1

Simpulan .................................................................................................................. 398

5.2

Saran.... .................................................................................................................... 399

DAFTAR PUSTAKA ....................................................................................................... 401 RIWAYAT HIDUP........................................................................................................... 403 SURAT SURVEI

xxvi

DAFTAR TABEL

Tabel 3.1

Jadwal Proyek Implementasi.................................................................118

Tabel 3.2

Deskripsi System Landscape..................................................................121

Tabel 3.3

Client berdasarkan System Landscape...................................................121

Tabel 4.1

Tabel Kodefikasi Plant ........................................................................128

Tabel 4.2

Tabel Kodefikasi Storage Location atas Plant non-logistik ................ 129

Tabel 4.3

Tabel Kodefikasi atas Plant yang bersifat logistik .............................. 130

Tabel 4.4

Kode-kode untuk Storage Location ..................................................... 132

Tabel 4.5

Kode-kode dari Purchasing Organization ........................................... 142

Tabel 4.6

Tabel Purchasing Group ..................................................................... 142

Tabel 4.7

Tabel Struktur Kodefikasi Purchasing Group ..................................... 143

Tabel 4.8

Tabel Kode-kode Purchasing Group ................................................... 144

Tabel 4.9

Tabel Analisa Perbedaan Reservation ................................................. 153

Tabel 4.10

Tabel Transaction for Reservation ..................................................... 153

Tabel 4.11

Tabel Field Reservation ...................................................................... 154

Tabel 4.12

Tabel Penomoran Reservasi................................................................. 156

Tabel 4.13

Tabel User Role Reservation ............................................................... 158

Tabel 4.14

Tabel Analisa Perbedaan Purchase Requisition .................................. 164

Tabel 4.15

Tabel Transaction for Purchase Requisition ....................................... 165

Tabel 4.16

Tabel Field Create Purchase Requisition .......................................... 166

Tabel 4.17

Tabel Penomoran Purchase Requisition ............................................. 167

Tabel 4.18

Tabel Field Release Purchase Requisition .......................................... 168

Tabel 4.19

Tabel User Role dalam Purchase Requisition ..................................... 171 xxvi

Tabel 4.20

Analisa Perbedaan HPS/OE ................................................................. 180

Tabel 4.21

Tabel Transaction Code untuk HPS/OE .............................................. 181

Tabel 4.22

Tabel field untuk PR HPS/OE ............................................................. 183

Tabel 4.23

Struktur Kodefikasi PR HPS/OE ......................................................... 184

Tabel 4.24

Tabel field untuk RFQ HPS/OE........................................................... 185

Tabel 4.25

Tabel Struktur Kodefikasi RFQ HPS/OE ............................................ 186

Tabel 4.26

Tabel Beberapa Field untuk Quotation HPS/OE ................................. 187

Tabel 4.27

Tabel Beberapa Field untuk Menampilkan Quotation ........................ 189

Tabel 4.28

Tabel Beberapa Field untuk Change HPS/OE .................................... 189

Tabel 4.29

Tabel User Role dalam HPS/OE .......................................................... 192

Tabel 4.30

Tabel Perbedaan DPT .......................................................................... 201

Tabel 4.31

Tabel Transaction untuk DPT ............................................................. 202

Tabel 4.32

Tabel Field Initial Screen untuk DPT .................................................. 202

Tabel 4.33

Tabel Struktur Kodefikasi DPT .......................................................... 205

Tabel 4.34

Tabel Beberapa Field untuk DPT ........................................................ 206

Tabel 4.35

User Role dalam DPT .......................................................................... 209

Tabel 4.36

Tabel Jenis Distribusi RFQ ke vendor ................................................. 211

Tabel 4.37

Tabel Perbedaan Request For Quotation ............................................. 215

Tabel 4.38

Tabel Transaksi untuk RFQ ................................................................. 216

Tabel 4.39

Tabel Beberapa Field untuk RFQ ........................................................ 216

Tabel 4.40

Tabel Struktur Kodefikasi RFQ .......................................................... 218

Tabel 4.41

User Role dalam RFQ .......................................................................... 220

Tabel 4.42

Tabel Perbedaan Quotation ................................................................. 223

Tabel 4.43

Tabel Transaksi untuk Quotation ........................................................ 224 xxvii

Tabel 4.44

Tabel Beberapa Field untuk Maintain Quotation ................................ 224

Tabel 4.45

Tabel Field untuk Price Comparison ................................................. 227

Tabel 4.46

Tabel Field untuk Compare of Quotation............................................ 228

Tabel 4.47

Contoh tampilan COQ ....................................................................... 229

Tabel 4.48

Tabel Keterangan tampilan COQ ....................................................... 229

Tabel 4.49

User Role dalam Quotation ................................................................. 231

Tabel 4.50

Tabel Transaksi untuk Contract .......................................................... 242

Tabel 4.51

Tabel Field Contract tanpa RFQ ......................................................... 242

Tabel 4.52

Field untuk Contract dengan RFQ ...................................................... 243

Tabel 4.53

Tabel Field untuk Create Contract ...................................................... 244

Tabel 4.54

Tabel Field untuk List Display Contract ............................................ 246

Tabel 4.55

Tabel Field untuk Release Contract ................................................... 248

Tabel 4.56

Tabel Struktur Kodefikasi Contract .................................................... 249

Tabel 4.57

User Role dalam Contract ................................................................... 251

Tabel 4.58

Tabel Analisa Perbedaan Purchase Order........................................... 258

Tabel 4.59

Tabel Transaksi untuk Purchase Order ............................................... 258

Tabel 4.60

Beberapa Field untuk Create Purchase Order .................................... 259

Tabel 4.61

Tabel Penomoran Purchase Order ...................................................... 262

Tabel 4.62

Field untuk Cancel Purchase Order .................................................. 262

Tabel 4.63

Tabel Field Release Purchase Order................................................... 263

Tabel 4.64

User Role dalam Purchase Order ........................................................ 266

Tabel 4.65

Tabel Transaksi untuk PO Monitoring ................................................ 270

Tabel 4.66

Tabel Field untuk List Displays ........................................................... 271

Tabel 4.67

Tabel Field untuk Pembuatan dan Print Reminder ............................. 274 xxviii

Tabel 4.68

Tabel User Role dalam PO Monitoring .............................................. 279

Tabel 4.69

Tabel Perbedaan Goods Receipt .......................................................... 284

Tabel 4.70

Tabel Transaksi untuk Good Receipt ................................................... 285

Tabel 4.71

Tabel Field untuk GR .......................................................................... 286

Tabel 4.72

Tabel Field untuk Transfer Posting ..................................................... 288

Tabel 4.73

Tabel Field untuk Screen : New Item................................................... 289

Tabel 4.74

Tabel Strukturisasi Kode Goods Receipt dan Transfer Posting .......... 291

Tabel 4.75

User Role dalam Good Receipt ............................................................ 293

Tabel 4.76

Tabel Perbedaan Invoice Verification .................................................. 298

Tabel 4.77

Tabel Transaksi untuk Invoice Verification ......................................... 298

Tabel 4.78

Tabel Field pada Basic Data Tab ........................................................ 299

Tabel 4.79

Tabel Field pada Payment Tab ............................................................ 301

Tabel 4.80

Tabel Field pada Detail Tab ................................................................ 301

Tabel 4.81

Tabel Field pada Note Tab................................................................... 302

Tabel 4.82

Tabel Field untuk Release Blocked Invoice ......................................... 302

Tabel 4.83

Tabel Struktur Kodefikasi Invoice Verification ................................... 303

Tabel 4.84

Tabel User Role dalam Invoice Verification........................................ 305

Tabel 4.85

Tabel Perbedaan Claim ........................................................................ 311

Tabel 4.86

Tabel Transaksi untuk Claim ............................................................... 313

Tabel 4.87

Tabel Field untuk Create Claim pada Initial Screen ........................... 314

Tabel 4.88

Tabel Field untuk Create Claim pada Reference Claim Tab............... 314

Tabel 4.89

Tabel Field untuk Create Claim pada Tabel Function Tab ................. 315

Tabel 4.90

Tabel Field untuk Create Claim pada Task Tab .................................. 316

Tabel 4.91

Tabel Field untuk Create Claim pada Data Claim Tab....................... 317 xxix

Tabel 4.92

Tabel Field untuk Maintain Claim pada Initial Screen ....................... 318

Tabel 4.93

Tabel Field untuk Maintain Claim pada Reference Claim Tab ........... 318

Tabel 4.94

Tabel Field untuk Maintain Claim pada Tabel Function Tab ............. 319

Tabel 4.95

Tabel Field untuk Maintain Claim pada Activities Tab ....................... 321

Tabel 4.96

Tabel Field untuk Maintain Claim pada Data Claim Tab ................... 322

Tabel 4.97

Tabel Struktur Kodefikasi Claim ......................................................... 324

Tabel 4.98

Tabel User Role dalam Claim .............................................................. 326

Tabel 4.99

Tabel Transaksi untuk Material Master Data .................................... 331

Tabel 4.100 Tabel Field untuk Material .................................................................. 332 Tabel 4.101 Tabel Field Material pada Basic Data 1 .............................................. 333 Tabel 4.102 Tabel Field Material pada Basic Data 2 .............................................. 334 Tabel 4.103 Tabel Field untuk Material pada Purchasing ...................................... 334 Tabel 4.104 Tabel Field untuk Material pada Purchase Order ............................... 335 Tabel 4.105 Tabel Field untuk Material pada MRP I .............................................. 336 Tabel 4.106 Tabel Field untuk Material pada MRP II............................................. 337 Tabel 4.107 Tabel Field untuk Material pada Plant Data / Storage 1 .................... 338 Tabel 4.108 Tabel Beberapa Field untuk Material pada Plant Data / Storage 2 ... 339 Tabel 4.109 Tabel field material untuk Accounting 1 ............................................. 340 Tabel 4.110 Tabel jenis kepentingan Vendor .......................................................... 347 Tabel 4.111 Cara Maintain Vendor ......................................................................... 349 Tabel 4.112 Tabel Perbedaan Vendor Master Data................................................. 352 Tabel 4.113 Tabel Transaksi untuk Vendor Master Data........................................ 352 Tabel 4.114 Tabel Field untuk Create Vendor Master Data ................................... 353 Tabel 4.115 Tabel Field untuk Vendor Address ..................................................... 354 xxx

Tabel 4.116 Tabel Field untuk Vendor Payment Transaction ................................. 356 Tabel 4.117 Tabel field untuk Vendor Accounting Information .............................. 357 Tabel 4.118 Tabel Field untuk Vendor Payment Transaction (Accounting) ........... 357 Tabel 4.119 Tabel Field untuk Vendor Correspondence......................................... 358 Tabel 4.120 Tabel Field untuk Vendor Withholding Tax ........................................ 359 Tabel 4.121 Tabel Field untuk Vendor Purchasing Organization Data ................. 359 Tabel 4.122 Tabel Struktur Kodefikasi Vendor Master Data.................................. 360 Tabel 4.123 Tabel User Role dalam Vendor Master Data ...................................... 362 Tabel 4.124 Tabel Metode Penilaian Vendor .......................................................... 364 Tabel 4.125 Tabel Subcriteria Penilaian Vendor ..................................................... 365 Tabel 4.126 Tabel Perbedaan Vendor Evaluation ................................................... 371 Tabel 4.127 Tabel Transaksi untuk Vendor Evaluation .......................................... 372 Tabel 4.128 Tabel Field untuk Maintain Vendor Evaluation .................................. 373 Tabel 4.129 Pemberian Score pada Subcriteria ....................................................... 374 Tabel 4.130 Tabel User Role dalam Vendor Evaluation ......................................... 377 Tabel 4.131 Tabel Perbedaan Vendor Additional Data ........................................... 381 Tabel 4.132 Tabel Transaksi untuk Vendor Additional Data .................................. 381 Tabel 4.133 Tabel Field untuk Commodity Vendor................................................. 382 Tabel 4.134 Tabel Contoh Commodity Vendor ....................................................... 383 Tabel 4.135 Tabel Field untuk Dokumen Pelengkap Vendor.................................. 384 Tabel 4.136 Tabel Contoh Kelengkapan Dokumen Vendor .................................... 385 Tabel 4.137 Tabel User Role dalam Vendor Additional Data ................................. 386 Tabel 4.138 Tabel Perbedaan Purchasing Info Record ........................................... 389 Tabel 4.139 Transaksi Purchasing Info Record ...................................................... 390 xxxi

Tabel 4.140 Tabel Field untuk Purchasing Info Record ......................................... 391 Tabel. 4.141 Tabel Field General Data Purchasing Info Record .......................... 392 Tabel 4.142 Tabel Field Purchasing Organization Data pada Purchasing Info Record .................................................................................................. 393 Tabel 4.143 Tabel Field Condition pada Purchasing Info Record ........................ 394 Tabel 4.144 Tabel Field untuk Display Purchasing Info Record ............................ 395 Tabel 4.145 Tabel Struktur Kodefikasi Purchasing Info Record ............................ 396 Tabel 4.146 Tabel User Role dalam Purchasing Info Record ................................. 397

xxxii

DAFTAR GAMBAR

Gambar 2.1

Siklus Pembelian secara Umum .............................................................. 15

Gambar 2.2

Procurement Cycle .................................................................................. 20

Gambar 2.3

Purchase Requisition ............................................................................... 21

Gambar 2.4

Determination of Source of Supply.......................................................... 22

Gambar 2.5

Purchase Order ....................................................................................... 23

Gambar 2.6

Goods Receipt .......................................................................................... 24

Gambar 2.7

Invoice Verification ................................................................................. 25

Gambar 2.8

Plant Specific Purchasing Organization ................................................. 44

Gambar 2.9

Cross Plant Purchasing Organization .................................................... 44

Gambar 2.10 Cross Company Code Purchasing Organization .................................... 45 Gambar 2.11 ASAP Roadmap....................................................................................... 47 Gambar 2.12 R/3 Architecture ...................................................................................... 49 Gambar 2.13 Notasi Flowchart untuk Dokumen .......................................................... 54 Gambar 2.14 Notasi Flowchart untuk Dokumen dan tembusannya ............................. 55 Gambar 2.15 Notasi Flowchart untuk Catatan .............................................................. 55 Gambar 2.16 Notasi Flowchart untuk Off Page Connector.......................................... 56 Gambar 2.17 Notasi Flowchart untuk kegiatan manual................................................ 56 Gambar 2.18 Notasi Flowchart untuk Komentar .......................................................... 57 Gambar 2.19 Notasi Flowchart untuk Arsip Permanen ................................................ 57 Gambar 2.20 Notasi Flowchart untuk On-line Computer Process ............................... 57 Gambar 2.21 Notasi Flowchart untuk Keying............................................................... 58 Gambar 2.22 Notasi Flowchart untuk Keputusan ......................................................... 58 xxxiv

Gambar 2.23 Notasi Flowchart untuk Terminal ........................................................... 58 Gambar 2.24 Notasi Flowchart untuk Flowline............................................................ 59 Gambar 3.1

Struktur Organisasi Logistik ................................................................... 63

Gambar 3.2

Struktur Organisasi pada Direktorat Pembelian...................................... 64

Gambar 3.3

Flowchart Permintaan Pembelian ........................................................... 72

Gambar 3.4

Flowchart Permintaan Penawaran dan Pemilihan Vendor...................... 79

Gambar 3.5

Flowchart Pemrosesan Pembelian .......................................................... 84

Gambar 3.6

Flowchart Penerimaan Material dan Pengajaun Claim ......................... 89

Gambar 3.7

Flowchart Verifikasi Tagihan ................................................................ 91

Gambar 3.8

Logo Proyek Implementasi SAP pada PT. Krakatau Steel .................... 92

Gambar 3.9

Struktur Organisasi Proyek SAP ............................................................ 99

Gambar 3.10 .. Tim Proyek pada Modul Material Management..................................... 110 Gambar 3.11 SAP Transport System ............................................................................ 124 Gambar 4.1

Enterprise Structure pada Modul Material Management PT. Krakatau Steel ......................................................................................................149

Gambar 4.2

Flowchart Reservation ..........................................................................152

Gambar 4.3

Flowchart Purchase Requisition............................................................163

Gambar 4.4

Flowchart HPS/OE.................................................................................179

Gambar 4.5

Contoh pemilihan PR untuk PR HPS/OE...............................................184

Gambar 4.6

Contoh Pemilihan DPT...........................................................................196

Gambar 4.7

Flowchart DPT.......................................................................................200

Gambar 4.8

Contoh Pemilihan PR untuk DPT...........................................................205

Gambar 4.9

Contoh Pemilihan Vendor oleh Buyer....................................................207

Gambar 4.10 ·· Flowchart RFQ.......................................................................................214 xxxv

Gambar 4.11 Flowchart Quotation..............................................................................222 Gambar 4.12 Flowchart E-Registration.......................................................................235 Gambar 4.13 Flowchart E-Announce...........................................................................236 Gambar 4.14 Flowchart E-Bidding..............................................................................237 Gambar 4.15 Flowchart Contract................................................................................241 Gambar 4.16 Flowchart Purchase Order.....................................................................257 Gambar 4.17 Flowchart PO Monitoring......................................................................269 Gambar 4.18 Flowchart Goods Receipt.......................................................................283 Gambar 4.19 Flowchart Invoice Verification...............................................................297 Gambar 4.20 Flowchart Claim....................................................................... .............310 Gambar 4.21 Flowchart Material Master Data...........................................................330 Gambar 4.22 Struktur Kodefikasi Material..................................................................342 Gambar 4.23 Flowchart Vendor Master Data.............................................................351 Gambar 4.24 Flowchart Vendor Evaluation................................................................370 Gambar 4.25 Flowchart Vendor Additional Data........................................................380 Gambar 4.26 Flowchart Purchasing Info Record .......................................................389

xxxvi

DAFTAR LAMPIRAN

Gambar L1 Jadwal Proyek (Gantt Chart) dari Implementasi SAP Modul Material Management..........................................................................................L1

xxxvii

PERENCANAAN IMPLEMENTASI SISTEM ERP BERBASIS SAP MODUL MATERIAL MANAGEMENT PADA PROSES PURCHASING LOKAL (MATERIAL) PT. KRAKATAU STEEL SKRIPSI

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