RINGKASAN Karyawan dan perusahaan merupakan dua pihak yang saling membutuhkan dan masing-masing mempunyai tujuan. Untuk mengusahakan integrasi antara tujuan perusahaan dan tujuan karyawan, perlu diketahui apa yang menjadi kebutuhan masing-masing pihak. Kebutuhan karyawan diusahakan dapat terpenuhi melalui pekerjaannya. Apabila seorang karyawan sudah terpenuhi segala kebutuhannya maka dia akan mencapai kepuasan kerja dan memiliki komitmen terhadap perusahaan. Tingginya komitmen karyawan dapat mempengaruhi usaha suatu perusahaan secara positif. Komitmen karyawan ini diperlukan oleh perusahaan dan merupakan faktor penting bagi perusahaan dalam rangka mempertahankan kinerja perusahaan. Apalagi dalam era persaingan bisnis yang makin ketat di sektor telekomunikasi dan teknologi informasi seperti dewasa ini. Berdasarkan beberapa penelitian, faktor penting yang mendorong seorang karyawan memiliki komitmen terhadap perusahaan adalah kompensasi atau balas jasa. Kompensasi ini bisa berupa finansial maupun nonfinansial. Kompensasi dalam bentuk finansial berupa gaji/upah, tunjangan, bonus dan juga program kepemilikan saham perusahaan bagi karyawan (ESOP—Employee Stock Ownership Plan), sedangkan kompensasi non finansial meliputi kesehatan dan keamanan karyawan. Untuk menumbuhkan identifikasi karyawan pada tujuan-tujuan perusahaan (yang merupakan salah satu indikator komitmen organisasi), imbalan yang dapat mendorong kinerja perusahaan seperti pembagian keuntungan (profit sharing) dan program kepemilikan saham perusahaan bagi karyawan itu akan relevan. PT Telkom Tbk merupakan satu dari sedikit perusahaan di Indonesia yang menerapkan kebijakan kepemilikan saham perusahaan bagi karyawan. Sehingga rumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah apakah kepemilikan saham perusahaan bagi karyawan mempunyai pengaruh yang berarti terhadap komitmen organisasi di PT Telkom Tbk Kantor Divre V Bidang Performansi dan Sumber Daya Manusia? Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh kepemilikan saham perusahaan bagi karyawan terhadap komitmen organisasi di PT TelkomTbk Kantor Divre V Bidang Performansi dan Sumber Daya Manusia. Hipotesis dalam penelitian ini adalah ada pengaruh kepemilikan saham perusahaan bagi karyawan terhadap komitmen organisasi di PT TelkomTbk Kantor Divre V Bidang Performansi dan Sumber Daya Manusia. Sedangkan rancangan penelitian adalah tipe penelitian penjelasan (explanatory research). Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh karyawan PT TelkomTbk Kantor Divre V Bidang Performansi (44 orang) dan Sumber Daya Manusia (47 orang), dengan jumlah total 91 karyawan. Adapun variabel terikat adalah komitmen organisasi (Y), sedangkan variabel bebas adalah saham-saham yang dimiliki karyawan PT Telkom Tbk, yaitu: saham perdana (X1), saham insentif, (X2), saham bebas (X3) dan saham bonus (X4). Dari 91 lembar kuesioner yang dibagikan, yang kembali 84 lembar kuesioner (92,3%), 7 orang karyawan dari Bidang SDM sedang mengikuti pelatihan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variabel bebas secara bersama-sama berpengaruh terhadap komitmen organisasi dengan nilai F = 3,829 dan p = 0,013. Pengaruh seluruh variabel bebas terhadap variabel terikat adalah 12,6%.
Melihat hasil penelitian seperti di atas maka ada beberapa saran yang diberikan untuk peningkatan komitmen organsiasi di PT Telkom Tbk Kantor Divre V Bidang Performansi dan Sumber Daya Manusia. Pengaruh kepemilikan saham perusahaan bagi karyawan secara bersama-sama terhadap komitmen organisasi sebesar 12,6%. Oleh karena itu, untuk penelitian-penelitian selanjutnya hendaknya memasukkan variabel-variabel di luar variabel kepemilikan saham perusahaan bagi karyawan (ESOP) sebagi variabel penelitian. Pihak perusahaan hendaknya memberikan perhatian khusus terhadap saham perdana, karena berdasarkan penelitian ini saham perdana yang mempunyai pengaruh positif terhadap komitmen organisasi. Para pengambil keputusan di PT Telkom Tbk hendaknya melibatkan para karyawan dalam menentukan kebijakan khususnya yang berkaitan dengan kepemilikan saham perusahaan bagi karyawan, dengan demikian para karyawan merasa lebih dihargai eksistensinya.
SUMMARY THE INFLUENCE OF EMPLOYEE STOCK OWNERSHIP ON THE ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENT IN PT TELKOM TBK REGIONAL DIVISION V (DEPARTMENT OF PERFORMANCE AND HUMAN RESOURCE) Employee and company is two parties that need each other and having their own objectives. In attempting integration of company's goals and the employees' goals, it is important to identify the need of each party. The needs of the employee should be fulfilled from their job. If they are able to fulfill all their needs, they may have working satisfaction and may be able to enhance their commitment to the company. Higher commitment from the employees' side may positively influence the business of the company itself. Employee's commitment is required by the company and it is also an important factor for the company to maintain the company's performance, particularly during the high strict business competition in the sector of telecommunication and information technology as we see today. Several studies showed that an important factor endorsing an employee to have commitment to the company is the compensation. Compensation can be manifested either financially or non-financially. Financial compensation may present as salary, subsidy, bonus, and also ESOP (Employee Stock Ownership Plan), while non-financial compensation may present as the employee's health and security. To enhance employee's identification to the objectives of the company (as one indicator of organizational commitment), a compensation that may be able to improve the company's performance, such as profit sharing and stock ownership for the employees, is highly relevant. PT Telkom Tbk is one of few companies in Indonesia that applies the policy of employee stock ownership. This study investigated whether employee stock ownership had significant influence on organizational commitment in PT Telkom Tbk, Regional Division V, Department of Performance and Human Resource. The objective of this study was to analyze the influence of employee stock ownership program on the organizational commitment in PT Telkom Tbk, Regional Division V, Department of Performance and Human Resource. This study was an explanatory research. Population was all employees in PT Telkom Tbk, Regional Division V, Department of Performance (44 individuals) and Human Resource (47 individuals), totally involving 91 individuals. The dependent variable was the organizational commitment (Y), and the independent variable was stocks owned by the employees of PT Telkom Tbk, i.e., initial stock (X1), incentive stock (X2), independent stock (X3) and bonus stock (X4). From 91 questionnaires distributed, 84 were returned (92.3%), as 7 individuals in the Department of Human Resource were participating in training program. Results showed that the independent variables had simultaneous influence on organizational commitment with F = 3.829 and p = 0.013. The influence of all independent variables to the dependent variable was 12.6%. It is recommended that the organizational commitment in PT Telkom, PT Telkom Tbk, Regional Division V, Department of Performance and Human Resource, should be improved. The simultaneous influence of employee stock ownership on organizational
commitment was 12.6%. Further studies should therefore investigate variables other than ESOP. The company should pay particular attention to initial, as this study found that this type of stock had a positive influence on organizational commitment. The decision makers in PT Telkom Tbk should involve the employees in decision-making, especially the decision related to company stock ownership for the employees, so that they may find that their existence is respected.
THE INFLUENCE OF EMPLOYEE STOCK OWNERSHIP ON THE ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENT IN PT TELKOM TBK REGIONAL DIVISION V (DEPARTMENT OF PERFORMANCE AND HUMAN RESOURCE) ABSTRACT WININATIN KHAMIMAH This study was conducted to investigate whether employee stock ownership had influence on the organizational commitment in PT Telkom Tbk Regional Division V Kantor Divre V (Department of Performance and Human Resource). The population of this research was the employees of PT Telkom Tbk Regional Division V (Department of Performance and Human Resource). All the population was used as research samples. The respondents were 84 employees. Questionnaire was used in collecting data from the respondents. Then the validity and reliability of the collected data are tested before further analysis. In finding conclusion, multiple linear regression analysis was used to analyze the collected data. From the result of regression analysis, it was concluded that employee stock ownership had influence on the organizational commitment in PT Telkom Tbk Regional Division V (Department of Performance and Human Resource) with F value = 3,829 and p = 0,013. The contribution of the independent variables to the organizational commitment was 12,6%. Keywords: employee stock ownership, organizational commitment
