BIDANG ILMU : PERTANIAN
LAPORAN HASIL PENELITIAN DISERTASI DOKTOR TAHUN ANGGARAN 2011
Studi Tentang Ekstraksi, isolasi, Purifikasi Dan Identifikasi Flavonoid dari Alga Merah kappaphycus alvarezii
Ir. Vonda M.N. Lalopua, MP
Dibiayai Oleh Direktorat Jenderal Pendidikan Tinggi, Kementerian Pendidikan Nasional, melalui DIPA Universitas Brawijaya REV.1 Nomor: 0636/023-04.2.16/15/2011 R, tanggal 30 Maret 2011 dan berdasarkan Surat Keputusan Rektor Nomor: 214/SK/2011 tanggal 2 Mei 2011
UNIVERSITAS BRAWIJAYA NOVEMBER 2011
RINGKASAN Tujuan penelitian secara umum adalah melakukan ekstraksi, isolasi dan identifikasiflavonoid dari alga Kappaphycus alvarezii. Tujuan khusus untuk mendapatkan pelarut terbaik dalam mengekstrak flavonoid berdasarkan kandungan total fenolik dan uji fitokimia. Total fenolik dianalisa menggunakan metode spektrofotometer dan dihitung sebagai mg ekivalen asam galat/ g extract sedangkan uji fitokimia menggunakan beberapa reagen kimia dan spektro UV-vis. Sampel alga di ambil dari lokasi budidaya desa Talango, Sumenep Madura, Propinsi Jawa timur. Sampel disiapkan dengan pengeringan menggunakan oven suhu 40 0 C dan matahari, selanjutnya di maserasi dengan metanol dan difraksinasi dengan heksan dan etil asetat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etil asetat dari alvarezii yang dikeringkan menggunakan oven vakum mengandung senyawa fenolik (flavonoid) berdasarkan uji fitokimia menggunakan reagen FeCl3 dan NHOH-HCl dan Spektro UV. Kandungan total fenolik ekstrak etil asetat sebesar 0.024387 mg GAE/g (2.4387%). Isolasi flavonoid menggunakan kolom kromatografi, (fase diam silika gel, fase gerak etil asetatmetanol 4:1, metanol-air 1:3) dan KLT (fase gerak heksan; EA 4:6, kloroform–metanol 9:1 dan 8.5:1.5). Hasil identifikasi spektro FTIR dan H-NMR menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak mengandung gugus fungsi aromatik yang diyakini sebagai senyawa flavonoid. Disarankan penelitian perlu dilanjutkan untuk pemurnian dan elusidasi struktur flavonoid menggunakan C-NMR.
SUMMARY The spesific purposes of this research was to find out the best extraction solvent from the point of total phenolic content and phytochemical method. The total fenolic content of solvent extracts were determined by spectrofotometer of method and calculated as mg GAE/ g extract while analysed phytochemical using various reagen chemical and Spechtrofotometer UV Vis. Total phenolic content data were presented as means from three replicated experiment. Kappaphycus alvarezii were taken from the cultivation area of seaweed in Tallanggo Sumenep Madura island, East Jawa of Propince. Samples prepare with vacuum oven and sun drying and extracted using methanol solvent by maceration method. The research of results founded that the highest total phenolic content could be obtain in extract of ethyl acetate prepared using oven drying (2.4387 %). This extract were detected using KLT with FeCl3 and H2SO4 reagen by spectroftometer UV vis followed analysed using etil asetat-metanol (4:1) and metanol air (1:3) by colom, and chloroform –methanol ( 9:1 dan 8.5:1.5) by TLC. The analysed with spectrophotemeter FTIR and H-NMR indicated that extract have a group aromatic, it means that extract posesses functional goup of flavonoid compound. Futhers studies will purification and elucidate the identity of the flavonoid compound used C-NMR.
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