DAFTAR ISI
Halaman KATA PEGANTAR………………………………………………………………………i DAFTAR TABEL ...............................................................................................................ii DAFTAR GAMBAR ..........................................................................................................iii DAFTAR LAMPIRAN .......................................................................................................iv I. PENDAHULUAN 1.1 Latar Belakang ........................................................................................................1 1.2 Rumusan Masalah....................................................................................................4 1.3 Tujuan Penelitian.....................................................................................................5 1.4 Manfaat Penelitian...................................................................................................5 II. TINJAUAN PUSTAKA DAN KERANGKA PEMIKIRAN 2.1 Tinjauan Pustaka..................................................................................................... 7 2.1.1 Lingkup Definisi Mutu................................................................................... 8 2.1.2 Total Quality Manajemen (TQM)..................................................................11 2.1.3 Manajemen Mutu...........................................................................................13 2.1.4 Biaya Kualitas................................................................................................15 2.2 Kajian Penelitian Terdahulu ...................................................................................17 2.3 Kerangka Pemikiran .............................................................................................. 19 III. METODE PENELITIAN 3.1 Lokasi dan Waktu.................................................................................................. 21 3.2 Pendekatan Penelitian ............................................................................................22 3.3 Data yang Diperlukan dan Sumbernya...................................................................22 3.4 Teknik Pengumpulan Data dan Informasi..............................................................23 3.5 Teknik Pengolahan dan Analisis Data....................................................................24 IV. GAMBARAN UMUM 4.1. Lokasi Penelitian di Garut.....................................................................................29 4.2. Rantai Pasok Jagung..............................................................................................30 4.2.1. Struktur Rantai Pasok...................................................................................30 4.2.2. Sasaran Rantai..............................................................................................32 4.2.3. Manajemen rantai.........................................................................................34 V. PERANAN PELAKU RANTAI PASOK 5.1. Peran Pelaku Rantai Pasok.....................................................................................39 5.1.1. Tingkat Petani.............................................................................................39 5.1.1.1. Pemilihan Jenis Jagung......................................................................39 5.1.1.2. Syarat Tumbuh...................................................................................40
5.1.1.2.1. Jenis Tanah......................................................................................40 5.1.1.2.2. Iklim yang Sesuai............................................................................41 5.1.1.2.3. Kebutuhan Air.................................................................................41 5.1.1.3. Persiapan Benih..................................................................................42 5.1.1.3.1. Persyaratan Benih...........................................................................42 5.1.1.3.2. Perlakuan Benih sebelum ditanam.....................................................43 5.1.1.4. Tahap Penanaman Jagung.....................................................................43 5.1.1.5. Pengendalian Hama dan Penyakit.........................................................44 5.1.1.6. Panen.....................................................................................................44 5.1.1.7. Pasca Panen...........................................................................................45 5.1.2. Tingkat Pedagang Pengumpul.........................................................................46 5.1.2.1. Pemeriksaan Kualitas............................................................................47 5.1.2.2. Penyortiran............................................................................................47 5.1.2.3. Pengemasan...........................................................................................47 5.1.2.4. Penyimpanan.........................................................................................48 5.1.2.5. Distribusi...............................................................................................48 5.2. Faktor-faktor dominan yang mempengaruhi mutu jagung..........................................48 5.2.1. Tingkat Petani....................................................................................................49 5.2.1.1. Tahap Pertanaman.................................................................................50 5.2.1.1.1. Benih..................................................................................................50 5.2.1.1.2. pupuk..................................................................................................50 5.2.1.1.3. Air......................................................................................................51 5.2.1.1.4. Insektisida/Fungisida.........................................................................52 5.2.1.1.5. Teknik dan Metode............................................................................52 5.2.1.1.6. SDM...................................................................................................53 5.2.1.2. Tahap Panen..........................................................................................53 5.2.1.2.1. Penentuan waktu Panen.....................................................................53 5.2.1.2.2. Cara Panen.........................................................................................53 5.2.1.3. Tahap Pasca Panen...............................................................................54 5.2.1.3.1. Pemipilan...........................................................................................54 5.2.1.3.2. Pengeringan........................................................................................54 5.2.1.3.3. Pengemasan........................................................................................55 5.2.1.3.4. Teknik/Metode...................................................................................55 5.2.2. Tingkat Pedagang Pengumpul...........................................................................55 5.2.2.1. Seleksi Kualitas.....................................................................................56 5.2.2.2. Sortir/Peningkatan Kualitas..................................................................57 5.2.2.3. Pengemasan, Penyimpanan dan Distribusi...........................................57 5.2.2.4. Teknik dan Metode...............................................................................58 5.3. Analisis Atribut Mutu..................................................................................................59 5.4. Hubungan antara atribut mutu jagung dengan respon teknik proses produksi............61 5.4.1. Tingkat Petani.....................................................................................................62 5.4.1.1. Atribut Mutu Tidak ada serangga/kutu...........................................................62 5.4.1.2. Atribut Mutu Tidak Berbau..............................................................................63 5.4.1.3. Atribut Mutu Kadar Air 14 %..........................................................................63 5.4.1.4. Atribut Mutu Kandungan Material Asing 1 %.................................................64
5.4.1.5. Atribut Mutu Kandungan Biji Mati.................................................................65 5.4.1.6. Atribut Mutu Kandungan Alfatoxin 50 ppb.....................................................65 5.4.2. Tingkat Pedagang Pengumpul............................................................... ………67 5.4.2.1. Atribut Mutu Tidak ada serangga/kutu...........................................................67 5.4.2.2. Atribut Mutu Tidak Berbau.............................................................................68 5.4.2.3. Atribut Mutu Kadar Air 14 %..........................................................................68 5.4.2.4. Atribut Mutu Kandungan Material Asing 1 %.................................................69 5.4.2.5. Atribut Mutu Kandungan Biji Mati.................................................................70 5.4.2.6. Atribut Mutu Kandungan Alfatoxin 50 ppb.....................................................71 5.5. Biaya Kualitas………………………………………………………………………..72 5.6. Rancangan Sistem Manajemen Mutu Pada Rantai Pasok Komoditi Jagung...............75 5.6.1. Sistem Manajemen Mutu…………………………………………..………………75 5.6.2. Tahapan…………………………………………………………………………….81 5.6.3 Mekanisme…………………………………………………………………………83 5.7. Implikasi Manajerial…………………………………………………………………83 VI. KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN 6.1. Kesimpulan .................................................................................................................86 6.2. Saran............................................................................................................................87 DAFTAR PUSTAKA.........................................................................................................88 LAMPIRAN
DAFTAR TABEL
Nomor
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
Halaman
Persyaratan Mutu Jagung untuk Bahan Pakan Ternak...................................8 Form Kegiatan Pasca Panen Mitra Petani-Perusahaan ..................................25 Form Kepemilikan dan Profil..................................................................... ...25 Standar Kualitas Jagung Pedagang Pengumpul......................................... ....34 Standar Kualitas Jagung pada Tingkat Pelaku Rantai Pasok.........................35 Derajat Kesulitan Peningkatan Kinerja Faktor-Faktor Dominan yang mempengaruhi Mutu pada Tingkat Petani........................................ ....50 Derajat Kesulitan Peningkatan Kinerja Faktor-Faktor Dominan yang mempengaruhi Mutu pada Tingkat Pedagang Pengumpul................ ...57 Standar Kualitas SNI 01-3920-1995.......................................................... ....60 Bobot Atribut Mutu Pada Tingkat Petani................................................... ...61 Bobot Atribut Mutu Pada Tingkat Pedagang Pengumpul..............................61 Perbandingan Rencana Anggaran dan Realisasi pada Laporan Laba Rugi ...73
DAFTAR GAMBAR
Nomor 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Halaman Kerangka Konseptual Sistem Manajemen Mutu Rantai Pasok Jagung....20 Rantai Pasok Komoditi Jagung ....................................................................22 Kerangka Analisis deskriptif manajemen rantai pasok................................24 Faktor-Faktor Dominan yang mempengaruhi Mutu di Tingkat Petani........56 Faktor-Faktor Dominan yang mempengaruhi Mutu di Tingkat Pedagang Pengumpul .................................................................................................. 59 Hubungan antara atribut mutu dengan respon teknis proses produksi di tingkat petani ...............................................................................................67 Hubungan antara atribut mutu dengan respon teknis proses produksi di tingkat pedagang pengumpul.......................................................................72 Diagram Model Proses ................................................................................76 Model Perbaikan Berkesinambungan ..........................................................77 Diagram Alir Rantai Pasok ..........................................................................80 Rancangan aliran proses sistem manajemen mutu rantai pasok jagung .....82 Tahapan Rancangan Sistem manajemen Mutu pada Rantai Pasok jagung..83
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN
Lampiran 1. 2. 3. 4.
Hal Perkembangan Produksi Jagung di Indonesia.............................. i Data Produksi Jagung per Propinsi................................................ii Kuesioner Penelitian I...................................................................iii Kuesioner Penelitian II...................................................................iv
