DAFTAR ISI KATA PENGANTAR .............................................................................................................. i HALAMAN PERSEMBAHAN ............................................................................................. iii DAFTAR ISI............................................................................................................................ v DAFTAR GAMBAR ............................................................................................................. vii DAFTAR TABEL................................................................................................................. viii DAFTAR RUMUS ................................................................................................................. ix DAFTAR LAMPIRAN............................................................................................................ x ABSTRACT............................................................................................................................ xi INTISARI .............................................................................................................................xxi BAB I PENDAHULUAN........................................................................................................1 1.1
Latar Belakang Penelitian........................................................................................... 1
1.2
Pertanyaan Penelitian.................................................................................................. 5
1.3
Rumusan Masalah....................................................................................................... 5
1.4
Batasan Penelitian....................................................................................................... 6
1.5
Tujuan Penelitian ........................................................................................................ 7
1.6
Manfaat Penelitian ...................................................................................................... 7
1.7 Sistematika Penulisan ................................................................................................. 8 BAB II LANDASAN TEORI.................................................................................................. 9 2.1
Proyek ......................................................................................................................... 9 2.1.1
Definisi Proyek .............................................................................................. 9
2.1.2
Siklus Hidup Proyek .................................................................................... 11
2.2
Manajemen Proyek ................................................................................................... 12
2.3
Perencanaan Proyek .................................................................................................. 18
2.4
Pengendalian Proyek................................................................................................. 21
2.5
Analisis Earned Value .............................................................................................. 26 2.5.1
Sejarah Analisis Earned Value .................................................................... 27
2.5.2
Penerapan Analisis Earned Value................................................................ 28
2.5.3
Indikator-Indikator Analisis Earned Value.................................................. 32
2.5.4
Menganalisis Kemajuan Proyek menggunakan Analisis Earned Value...... 36 2.5.4.1
Analisa Varian .............................................................................. 36
2.5.4.2
Analisa Indeks Kinerja.................................................................. 37
2.5.5
Melakukan Estimasi dengan Analisis Earned Value ................................... 38
2.5.6
Manfaat dari Penerapan Analisis Earned Value .......................................... 40
v
BAB III METODE PENELITIAN ........................................................................................ 42 3.1
Jenis Penelitian......................................................................................................... 42
3.2
Objek Penelitian....................................................................................................... 43
3.3
Jenis Data ................................................................................................................. 43
3.4
Metode Pengumpulan Data Primer dan Data Sekunder .......................................... 45
3.5
3.4.1
Wawancara.................................................................................................. 45
3.4.2
Pengambilan Dokumen............................................................................... 46
Metode Analisis Data............................................................................................... 46
BAB IV ANALISIS DATA DAN PEMBAHASAN............................................................. 50 4.1
Gambaran Umum Proyek ......................................................................................... 50
4.2
Data Proyek.............................................................................................................. 51
4.3
Analisis Data............................................................................................................ 55
4.4
4.3.1
Planned Value (PV) .................................................................................... 56
4.3.2
Earned Value (EV) ..................................................................................... 59
4.3.3
Actual Cost (AC)......................................................................................... 61
Penilaian Kinerja Proyek ......................................................................................... 64 4.4.1
Analisa Varian pada Kemajuan Pelaksanaan Proyek ................................. 65
4.4.2
Analisa Indeks Kinerja Proyek untuk Efisiensi dan Efektifitas.................. 67
4.5
Estimasi Biaya dan Waktu Penyelesaian Proyek..................................................... 70
4.6
Pembahasan Umum dan Interpretasi Evaluasi Proyek ............................................ 74
4.7
4.6.1
Evaluasi Kemajuan Pelaksanaan Proyek pada Minggu ke-20, 31, 38........ 74
4.6.2
Interpretasi Evaluasi Proyek ....................................................................... 77
Faktor-Faktor Penyebab Percepatan dan Keterlambatan Proyek Perbaikan Dermaga PT. Petrokimia Gresik............................................... 80
BAB V PENUTUP ............................................................................................................... 82 5.1
Kesimpulan .............................................................................................................. 82 5.1.1
Kinerja Biaya dan Waktu pada Kemajuan Pelaksanaan Proyek................. 82
5.1.2
Estimasi Biaya Akhir dan Waktu Penyelesaian Proyek pada Kemajuan Pelaksanaan Proyek .......................................................... 83
5.1.3 5.2
Realita Pelaksanaan Proyek dan Faktor-Faktor Penyebab.......................... 84
Saran ........................................................................................................................ 86 5.2.1
Saran kepada PT. Multi Eraguna Usaha ..................................................... 86
5.2.2
Saran untuk Penelitian Selanjutnya ............................................................ 87
DAFTAR PUSTAKA LAMPIRAN
vi
DAFTAR GAMBAR Gambar 2.1 Gambar 2.2 Gambar 2.3 Gambar 2.4 Gambar 2.5 Gambar 2.6 Gambar 2.7
Siklus Hidup Proyek ....................................................................................... 12 Project Management Triangle ........................................................................ 16 Work Plan € Gantt (Bar) Chart ...................................................................... 33 Performance Measurement Baseline .............................................................. 34 Kumulatif Planned Value dan Earned Value.................................................. 35 Kumulatif Planned Value, Earned Value, dan Actual Cost............................ 35 Kombinasi Cost Variance dan Schedule Variance ......................................... 37
Gambar 4.1
Grafik Kecenderungan Cost Performance Index (CPI) Setiap Minggu................................................................................................. 68 Grafik Kecenderungan Schedule Performance Index (SPI) Setiap Minggu................................................................................................. 69 Grafik Hasil Evaluasi Proyek Minggu ke-20.................................................. 75 Grafik Hasil Evaluasi Proyek Minggu ke-31.................................................. 76 Grafik Hasil Evaluasi Proyek Minggu ke-38.................................................. 76
Gambar 4.2 Gambar 4.3 Gambar 4.4 Gambar 4.5
vii
DAFTAR TABEL Tabel 3.1
Jenis Data Proyek................................................................................................ 44
Tabel 4.1
Rekapitulasi RAB Proyek Perbaikan Dermaga PT. Petrokimia Gresik............................................ 52 Rekapitulasi RAP Proyek Perbaikan Dermaga PT. Petrokimia Gresik............................................ 53 Rekapitulasi Perhitungan Planned Value (PV), Earned Value (EV), dan Actual Cost (AC) Kumulatif terhadap Kemajuan Pelaksanaan Proyek ........................................................................... 56 Perhitungan Planned Value (PV) pada Minggu ke-20 ....................................... 58 Perhitungan Earned Value (EV) pada Minggu ke-20......................................... 60 Perhitungan Actual Cost (AC) pada Minggu ke-20............................................ 63 Perhitungan Cost Variance (CV), Schedule Variance (SV), Cost Performance Index (CPI), Schedule Performance Index (CPI) untuk Penilaian Kinerja Proyek .......................................................................... 65 Perhitungan Estimate Cost to Complete (ETC), Estimate Cost at Completion (EAC), dan Estimate Completion Date (ECD) untuk Estimasi Biaya dan Waktu Penyelesaian Proyek...................................... 70 Evaluasi Proyek pada Akhir Minggu ke-20, 31, dan 38..................................... 75
Tabel 4.2 Tabel 4.3
Tabel 4.4 Tabel 4.5 Tabel 4.6 Tabel 4.7
Tabel 4.8
Tabel 4.9
viii
DAFTAR RUMUS (2.1) (2.2) (2.3) (2.4) (2.5) (2.6) (2.7) (2.8)
Cost Variance (CV)................................................................................................ 36 Schedule Variance (SV) ......................................................................................... 36 Cost Performance Index (CPI)............................................................................... 38 Schedule Performance Index (SPI) ........................................................................ 38 Estimate Cost to Complete (ETC) < 50% .............................................................. 39 Estimate Cost to Complete (ETC) > 50% .............................................................. 39 Estimate Cost at Completion (EAC) ...................................................................... 40 Estimate Completion Date (ECD).......................................................................... 40
(4.1) (4.2) (4.3) (4.4) (4.5) (4.6) (4.7) (4.8) (4.9) (4.10) (4.11) (4.12) (4.13) (4.14)
Planned Value (PV) ............................................................................................... 56 Planned Value Kumulatif....................................................................................... 58 Earned Value (EV)................................................................................................. 59 Earned Value Kumulatif ........................................................................................ 60 Actual Cost (AC)...€. ............................................................................................ 61 Actual Cost Kumulatif............................................................................................ 63 Cost Variance (CV)................................................................................................ 66 Schedule Variance (SV) ......................................................................................... 66 Cost Performance Index (CPI)............................................................................... 67 Schedule Performance Index (SPI) ........................................................................ 69 Estimate Cost to Complete (ETC) < 50% .............................................................. 72 Estimate Cost to Complete (ETC) > 50% .............................................................. 72 Estimate Cost at Completion (EAC) ...................................................................... 73 Estimate Completion Date (ECD).......................................................................... 73
ix
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN Lampiran A
Master Time Schedule
Lampiran B
Rencana Anggaran Biaya (RAB)
Lampiran C
Rencana Anggaran Pelaksanaan (RAP)
Lampiran D
Input Volume
Lampiran E
Laporan Kemajuan Mingguan Pekerjaan
Lampiran F
Perhitungan Planned Value (PV)
Lampiran G
Perhitungan Earned Value (EV)
Lampiran H
Perhitungan Actual Cost (AC)
Lampiran I
Perhitungan PV, EV, dan AC terhadap Kemajuan Pelaksanaan Proyek
Lampiran J
Grafik PV, EV, dan AC terhadap Kemajuan Pelaksanaan Proyek
Lampiran K
Perhitungan CV, SV, CPI, SPI, untuk Penilaian Kinerja Proyek
Lampiran L
Perhitungan ETC, EAC, dan ECD untuk Estimasi Biaya dan Waktu Penyelesaian Proyek
Lampiran M
Transkrip Wawancara
x
