ANALISIS PRIORITAS FAKTOR GREEN CONSTRUCTION PADA PROYEK KONSTRUKSI DI KABUPATEN BADUNG
TUGAS AKHIR
Oleh : Dewa Nyoman Agreswara Jaya Harta (1104105130)
JURUSAN TEKNIK SIPIL FAKULTAS TEKNIK UNIVERSITAS UDAYANA 2015
UCAPAN TERIMA KASIH
Puji syukur penulis panjatkan kehadapan Tuhan Yang Maha Esa, karena atas berkat rahmat-Nya penulis dapat menyelesaikan Tugas Akhir yang berjudul “ANALISIS PRIORITAS FAKTOR GREEN CONSTRUCTION PADA PROYEK KONSTRUKSI DI KABUPATEN BADUNG”. Selesainya Tugas Akhir ini tidak terlepas dari bantuan, bimbingan, saran, dan motivasi dari berbagai pihak. Untuk itu pada kesempatan ini penulis mengucapkan terima kasih pada Bapak Ir, I Nym. Martha Jaya, M.Const.Mgt., Ph.D., GCInst CES., selaku dosen pembimbing I, Bapak Ir, Anak Agung Wiranata, MT selaku dosen pembimbing II yang telah memberikan bimbingan dan masukan-masukan dalam menyusun tugas akhir ini, kepada kedua orang tua Bapak Dr Ir Dewa Ketut Sudarsana, MT, Ibu dr. Luh Putu Upadisari, kakak, teman-teman sipil angkatan 2011, teman-teman TTMON (To The Max Or Nothing), dan pacar Aprilta Catur Putri atas dorongan semangat dan doa yang diberikan. Terima kasih juga penulis sampaikan kepada seluruh responden yang telah bersedia meluangkan waktunya untuk membantu dalam kelancaran penelirian ini. Penulis menyadari bahwa Tugas Akhir ini masih banyak terdapat kekurangan, karena keterbatasan ilmu yang penulis miliki. Untuk itu penulis mengharapkan saran dan kritik yang sifatnya membangun demi kesempurnaan Proposal ini. Atas perhatiannya penulis ucapkan terima kasih.
Denpasar, Juli 2015
Penulis
DAFTAR ISI ABSTRAK…………………………………………………………………………i UCAPAN TERIMA KASIH ................................................................................... ii DAFTAR ISI .......................................................................................................... iii DAFTAR GAMBAR ............................................................................................. vi DAFTAR TABEL ................................................................................................. vii BAB I PENDAHULUAN ....................................................................................... 1 1.1 Latar Belakang.......................................................................................... 1 1.2 Rumusan Masalah .................................................................................... 3 1.3 Tujuan Penelitian ...................................................................................... 3 1.4 Manfaat ..................................................................................................... 3 1.5 Batasan Masalah ....................................................................................... 3 BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA............................................................................. 5 2.1 Green Construction .................................................................................. 5 2.2 Standar –Standar Penerapan Green Construction ........................................ 6 2.2.1 BREEAM .......................................................................................... 7 2.2.2 LEED ................................................................................................ 7 2.2.3 HK-BEAM ........................................................................................ 8 2.2.4 GREENSHIP - GBCI ....................................................................... 9 2.3 Alternatif Faktor Green Construction.......................................................... 11 2.3.1 Peran Manajer ................................................................................. 11 2.3.2 Pelatihan ......................................................................................... 12 2.3.3 Program Pengelola Lingkungan ..................................................... 13 2.3.4 Penelitian dan Pengembangan……………………………………...………..……14 2.3.5 Peran Pemerintah ............................................................................ 14 2.3.6 Peralatan Konstruksi ....................................................................... 15 2.3.7 Kontrol Polusi ................................................................................. 15 2.3.8 Pemakian Energi ............................................................................. 16 2.3.9 Dampak Ekologis............................................................................ 17 2.4 Metode Skala Prioritas Menggunakan AHP ............................................... 17 2.4.1 Menentukan Prioritas ...................................................................... 19 2.4.2 Proses-Proses dalam Metode AHP ................................................. 20 2.4.3 Matriks Perbandingan Berpasangan ............................................... 21
2.4.4 Squared Matriks.............................................................................. 21 2.4.5 Perhitungan Bobot Elemen ............................................................. 22 2.4.6 Perhitungan Konsistensi ................................................................. 24 2.4.7 Model Matematis ............................................................................ 26 2.4.8 Penentuan Prioritas ......................................................................... 27 BAB III METODE PENELITIAN ....................................................................... 27 3.1 Lokasi dan Objek Penelitian ......................................................................... 28 3.2 Instrumen Penelitian ............................................................................... 28 3.3 Sumber Data ........................................................................................... 28 3.3.1 Data Sekunder ................................................................................. 28 3.3.2 Data Primer ..................................................................................... 28 3.4 Metode Pengumpulan Data .................................................................... 29 3.4.1 Data Sekunder ................................................................................. 29 3.4.2 Data Primer ..................................................................................... 29 3.5 Teknik Analisis ....................................................................................... 29 3.5.1 Penentuan Kriteriadalam AHP ....................................................... 30 3.5.2 Tahapan Penelitian.......................................................................... 31 3.5.3 Kerangka Penelitian ........................................................................ 32 BAB IV HASIL DAN PEMBAHASAN .............................................................. 34 4.1 Gambaran Umum dan Lokasi Penelitian..................................................... 34 4.2 Fungsi Bangunan .................................................................................... 35 4.3 Jenis Proyek ............................................................................................ 35 4.4 Diskripsi Responden ............................................................................... 35 4.4.1 Jabatan Pada Proyek ....................................................................... 35 4.4.2 Pendidikan ...................................................................................... 36 4.4.2 Pengalaman Kerja ........................................................................... 36 4.5 Pelaksanaan Penelitian ........................................................................... 36 4.6 Data......................................................................................................... 37 4.6.1 Kriteria Manajerial dan Operasional .............................................. 37 4.6.2 Kriteria Aspek Manajerial .............................................................. 40 4.6.3 Kriteria Aspek Operasional ............................................................ 41 4.7 Analisis Data .......................................................................................... 42 4.7.1 Struktur Hirarki Penentuan Prioritas Faktor Green Construction . 42 4.7.2 Perhitungan Bobot Kriteria Green Construction ............................ 43 4.7.3 Perhitungan Bobot Faktor Green Construction pada Aspek manajerial ....................................................................................... 48
4.7.4 Perhitungan Bobot Faktor Green Construction pada Aspek Operasional ..................................................................................... 58 4.7.5 Penentuan Solusi dengan Pohon AHP ............................................ 67 4.7.6 Menentukan Prioritas Faktor-Faktor Green Construction .............. 70 4.7.7 Observasi di Lapangan ................................................................... 70 BAB V SIMPULAN DAN SARAN ..................................................................... 72 5.1 Simpulan ................................................................................................. 72 5.2 Saran ....................................................................................................... 73
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
LAMPIRAN LAMPIRAN A : Rekapitulasi Jawaban Responden ……………………………75 LAMPIRAN B : Formulir Survey……………………………………………….80 LAMPIRAN C : Standar Bream…………………………………………………82 LAMPIRAN D : Standar LEED…………………………………………………83 LAMPIRAN E : Standar HK-BEAM …………………………………...………84 LAMPIRAN F : Standar GREENSHIP …………………………………….…..85 LAMPIRAN G : Foto Lokasi Studi …………………………………………….95
DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar 2.1 Matrik Perbandingan Berpasangan .............................................23 Gambar 3.1 Model AHP .................................................................................. 32 Gambar 3.2 Kerangka Analisa .........................................................................33 Gambar 4.1 Struktur Hirarki Prioritas Faktor Green Construction .. ...............42 Gambar 4.2 Matriks Awal Kriteria .................................................................44 Gambar 4.3 Squaring Matriks Kriteria ........................................................... 45 Gambar 4.4 Eigen Vektor Metode I Kriteria ................................................... 45 Gambar 4.5 Eigen Vektor II Kriteria .............................................................. 46 Gambar 4.6 Selisih Nilai Egen Vektor I dan II Kriteria ..................................46 Gambar 4.7 Perhitungan Eigen Maksimum (λ maks.) Kriteria ....................... 47 Gambar 4.8 Matriks Pair-wise Comparasion Aspek Manajerial .................... 50 Gambar 4.9 Squaried Matriks Aspek Manajerial ............................................51 Gambar 4.10 Selisih Eigen Vektor I dan II Aspek Manajerial ....................... 55 Gambar 4.11 Perhitungan Eigen Maksimum (λ maks.) Aspek Manajerial .....56 Gambar 4.12 Matriks Pair-wise Comparasion Aspek Operasional ................ 59 Gambar 4.13 Squared Matriks Aspek Operasional .........................................60 Gambar 4.14 Selisih Eigen Vektor I dan II Aspek Operasional ..................... 65 Gambar 4.15 Perhitungan Eigen Maksimum (λ maks.) Aspek Operasional ...66 Gambar 4.16 Pohon Solusi AHP .....................................................................68 Gambar 4.17 Matriks Solusi AHP Faktor Green Construction ...................... 69
DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel 2.1 Skala Matrik Perbandingan Berpasangan ....................................20 Tabel 2.2 Perbandingan Kriteria Berpasangan ................................................ 21 Tabel 2.3 Nilai Indeks Random .......................................................................26 Tabel 4.1 Jumlah Responden ...........................................................................36 Tabel 4.2 Rekapitulasi Bobot Seluruh Responden ...........................................37 Tabel 4.3 Rekapitulasi Nilai Masing-Masing Kriteria dan Faktor dari Kriteria Manajerial .............................................................................................. 40 Tabel 4.4 Rekapitulasi Nilai Masing-Masing Kriteria dan Faktor dari Kriteria Operasional ............................................................................................ 43 Tabel 4.5 Bobot Kriteria Prioritas Faktor Green Construction ....................... 48 Tabel 4.6 Perhitungan Jumlah Baris Metode I Aspek Manajerial .................. 52 Tabel 4.7 Niai Eigen Vektor I Aspek Manajerial.............................................53 Tabel 4.8 Perhitungan Jumlah Baris Metode II Aspek Manajerial .................. 54 Tabel 4.9 Nilai Eigen Vektor II Aspek Manajerial .........................................55 Tabel 4.10 Bobot-bobot Faktor Aspek Manajerial ..........................................57 Tabel 4.11 Ranking Faktor Aspek Manajerial ................................................ 58 Tabel 4.12 Perhitungan Jumlah Baris Metode I Aspek Operasional ...............61 Tabel 4.13 Eigen Vektor I Aspek Operasional ...............................................62 Tabel 4.14 Perhitungan Jumlah Baris Metode II Aspek Operasional .............63 Tabel 4.15 Nilai Eigen Vektor II Aspek Operasional .....................................64 Tabel 4.16 Bobot Faktor-Faktor Aspek Operasional ......................................66 Tabel 4.17 Bobot Akhir Faktor-faktor Green Consruction ............................. 69 Tabel 4.18 Bobot Akhir Faktor-faktor Green Consruction ............................. 69 Tabel 4.19 Ranking Faktor-faktor Green Construction ..................................70
