SKRIPSI
PENGARUH LINGKUNGAN KERJA DAN KEPRIBADIAN TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN DIVISI SDM DAN DIVISI UMUM PADA PDAM TIRTANADI MEDAN
OLEH
HARDY ARROFI PRAWIRA NEGARA 120502033
PROGRAM STUDI STRATA-1 MANAJEMEN DEPARTEMEN MANAJEMEN FAKULTAS EKONOMI DAN BISNIS UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA MEDAN 2016
Universitas Sumatera Utara
ABSTRAK PENGARUH LINGKUNGAN KERJA DAN KEPRIBADIAN TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN DIVISI SDM DAN DIVISI UMUM PADA PDAM TIRTANADI MEDAN
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis pengaruh Lingkungan Kerja dan Kepribadian Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Divisi SDM dan Divisi Umum pada PDAM Tirtanadi Medan. Populasi pada penelitian ini terdiri dari 28 karyawan Divisi SDM dan 26 karyawan Divisi Umum dengan total 54 karyawan. Metode analisi data yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif dan analisis linier berganda. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa Lingkungan Kerja dan Kepribadian secara bersama-sama berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja karyawan Divisi SDM dan Divisi Umum PDAM Tirtanadi Medan. Dari Hasil koefisien determinan diperoleh nilai R Adjusted Square (R2) sebesar 0,474. Hal ini berarti 47,4% variabel Kinerja dipengaruhi oleh variabel Lingkungan Kerja dan Kepribadian. Sedangkan sisanya sebesar 52,6% dipengaruhi oleh variabel lain yang tidak diteliti dalam penelitian ini.
Kata Kunci: Lingkungan Kerja, Kepribadian, Kinerja Karyawan
i Universitas Sumatera Utara
ABSTRACT THE EFFECT OF WORK ENVIRONMENT AND PERSONALITY TOWARDS PERFORMANCE OF EMPLOYEE DIVISION HUMAN RESOURCH AND DIVISION COMMERCIAL OF PDAM TIRTANADI MEDAN
This study aims to identify and analyze the impact of Work Environment and Personality on Employee Performance Division of Human Resources and General Affairs Division at Tirtanadi PDAM Medan. The population in this study consisted of 28 employees and 26 employees of the Division of Human Resources General Division with a total of 54 employees . Methods of data analysis used is descriptive analysis and multiple linear analysis . The results showed that the Work Environment and Personality jointly positive and significant effect on the performance of employees of the Division of Human Resources and General Affairs Division Tirtanadi PDAM Medan. The results obtained from the determinant coefficient value of Adjusted R Square ( R2 ) of 0.474 . This translates into a 47.4 % performance variables are influenced by variables Work Environment and Personality . While the remaining 52.6 % is influenced by other variables not examined in this study .
Keywords : Work Environment , Personality , Employee Performance
ii Universitas Sumatera Utara
KATA PENGANTAR
Skripsi ini berjudul “Pengaruh Lingkungan Kerja dan Kepribadian Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Divisi SDM dan Divisi Umum pada PDAM Tirtanadi Medan”. Penulis telah menerima banyak bimbingan, saran, motivasi dan doa dari berbagai pihak selama penulisan skripsi ini. Oleh karena itu, pada kesempatan kali ini penulis menyampaikan terimakasih kepada semua pihak yang telah memberikan bantuan dan bimbingan, yaitu kepada: 1. Bapak Drs. Azhar Maksum, M.Ec. selaku Dekan Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis Universitas Sumatera Utara. 2. Ibu Dr. Isfenti Sadalia SE., ME., selaku Ketua Departemen S1 Manajemen Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis Universitas Sumatera Utara. 3. Ibu Dra. Marhayanie M.Si., selaku sekretaris Departemen Manajemen Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis Universitas Sumatera Utara. 4. Ibu Dra. Endang Sulistya Rini, SE., M.Si. selaku Ketua Program Studi Manajemen Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis Universitas Sumatera Utara. 5. Ibu Dr. Sitti Raha Agoes Salim, MSc. selaku Dosen Pembimbing. 6. Ibu Dra. Yulinda, M.Si. selaku Dosen Pembaca Penilai.
iii Universitas Sumatera Utara
DAFTAR ISI
Halaman
ABSTRAK ........................................................................................................................ i KATA PENGANTAR....................................................................................................... iii DAFTAR ISI ..................................................................................................................... iv DAFTAR TABEL ............................................................................................................. v DAFTAR GAMBAR ........................................................................................................ vi DAFTAR LAMPIRAN ..................................................................................................... vii
BAB I
PENDAHULUAN 1.1 latar Belakang ...................................................................................... 1 1.2 Perumusan Masalah............................................................................. 11 1.3 Tujuan dan Manfaat Penelitian ........................................................... 11 1.3.1 Tujuan Penelitian....................................................................... 11 1.3.2 Manfaat Penelitian..................................................................... 12
BAB II
TINJAUAN PUSTAKA 2.1 Kinerja Karyawan ............................................................................. 13 2.1.1 Pengertian Kinerja Karyawan ................................................... 13 2.1.2 Penilaian Kinerja Karyawan...................................................... 14 2.1.3 Karakteristik Kinerja Karyawan................................................ 16 2.1.4 Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Kinerja Karyawan ........................ 17 2.1.5 Indikator Kinerja ....................................................................... 18 2.2 Lingkungan Kerja .............................................................................. 18 2.2.1 Pengertian Lingkungan Kerja................................................... 18 2.2.2 Jenis Lingkungan Kerja ............................................................ 19 2.2.3 Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Lingkungan Kerja ....................... 20 2.2.4 Indikator Lingkungan Kerja .................................................... 22 2.3 Kepribadian ....................................................................................... 23 2.3.1 Pengertian Kepribadian ........................................................... 23 2.3.2 Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Kepribadian ................................ 24 2.3.3 Aspek-aspek Kepribadian ........................................................ 25 iv Universitas Sumatera Utara
2.3.4 Ciri Kepribadian Sehat dan Tidak Sehat .................................. 26 2.3.5 Menilai Kepribadian ................................................................ 27 2.3.6 Indikator Kepribadian ............................................................. 27 2.4 Penelitian Terdahulu .......................................................................... 29 2.5 Kerangka Konseptual ......................................................................... 30 2.6 Hipotesis ............................................................................................. 34 BAB III
METODE PENELITIAN 3.1 Jenis Penelitian ................................................................................... 35 3.2 Tempat dan Waktu Penelitian ............................................................ 35 3.3 Batasan Operasional ........................................................................... 35 3.4 Defenisi Operasional .......................................................................... 36 3.5 Skala Pengukuran Variabel ................................................................ 37 3.6 Poulasi ................................................................................................ 38 3.7 Jenis Data ........................................................................................... 38 3.8 Metode Pengumpulan Data ................................................................ 39 3.9 Uji Validitas dan Reliabilitas ............................................................. 39 3.9.1 Uji Validitas .............................................................................. 39 3.9.2 Uji Reliabilitas........................................................................... 41 3.10 Uji Asumsi Klasik ............................................................................. 42 3.10.1 Uji Normalitas ....................................................................... 42 3.10.2 Uji Heteroskedastisitas .......................................................... 42 3.10.3 Uji Multikolinearitas ............................................................. 42 3.11 Teknik Analisis Data ........................................................................ 43 3.11.1 Metode Analisis Deskriptif ................................................... 43 3.11.2 Metode Analisis Regresi Linear Berganda............................ 43 3.11.3 Pengujian Hipotesis ............................................................... 44
BAB IV
HASIL PENELITIAN DAN PEMBAHASAN 4.1
Gambaran Umum Perusahaan .......................................................... 46 4.1.1 Sejarah Singkat PDAM Tirtanadi ........................................... 46 4.1.2 Arti dan Makna Logo PDAM Tirtanadi .................................. 48 4.1.3 Visi dan Misi PDAM Tirtanadi ............................................... 49 4.1.4 Struktur PDAM Tirtanadi ....................................................... 50 4.1.5 Uraian Tugas ........................................................................... 52 v Universitas Sumatera Utara
4.2
Analisis Deskriptif ........................................................................... 59 4.2.1 Karakteristik Responden ......................................................... 60 4.2.1.1 Karakteristik Responden Berdasarkan Jenis Kelamin ......... 60 4.2.1.2 Karakteristisk Responden Berdasarkan Usia ....................... 61 4.2.1.3 Karakteristik Responden Berdasarkan Pendidikan Terakhir. 62 4.2.1.4 Karakteristik Responden Berdasarkan Masa Kerja .............. 62 4.2.2 Deskriptif Variabel .................................................................. 63 4.2.2.1 Lingkungan Kerja (X1) ......................................................... 64 4.2.2.2 Kepribadian (X2) .................................................................. 68 4.2.2.3 Kinerja Karyawan (Y) .......................................................... 74
4.3
Hasil Uji Asumsi Klasik................................................................... 80 4.3.1 Uji Normalitas ......................................................................... 80 4.3.1.1 Hasil Uji Normalitas dengan Histogram .............................. 80 4.3.1.2 Hasil Uji Normalitas dengan Normal P-P Plot of Regression Standarized Residual ............................................................ 81 4.3.1.3 Hasil Uji Normalitas dengan Kolomogorov-Smirnov Test . 82 4.3.2 Uji Heterokedastisitas ............................................................. 83 4.3.2.1 Hasil Uji Heteroskedastisitas dengan Scatter Plot ............... 84 4.3.2.2 Hasil Uji Heteroskedastisitas dengan Glejser ...................... 84 4.3.3 Uji Multikolinieritas ................................................................ 85
4.4
Analisis Regresi Linear Berganda .................................................... 86
4.5
Pengujian Hipotesis .......................................................................... 88 4.5.1 Uji Signifikan Simultan (Uji-F) .............................................. 88 4.5.2 Uji Signifikan Parsial (Uji-t) ................................................... 89 4.5.3 Uji Koefisien Determinasi (R2) ............................................... 91
4.6
Pembahasan ...................................................................................... 92 4.6.1 Pengaruh Lingkungan Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan ..... 92 4.6.2 Pengaruh Kepribadian Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan .............. 93 4.6.3 Pembahasan Kinerja ................................................................ 95
BAB V
KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN 5.1
Kesimpulan ...................................................................................... 96
5.2
Saran .............................................................................................. 96
DAFTAR PUSTAKA ....................................................................................................... 99 vi Universitas Sumatera Utara
DAFTAR TABEL
No.
Judul
Halaman
1.1 Persenatse Rata-rata Penilaian Kinerja Karyawan Divisi SDM PDAM Tirtanadi Medan............................................................................................. 4 1.2 Persentase Rata-rata Penilaian Kinerja Karyawan Divisi Umum PDAM Tirtanadi Medan............................................................................................. 5 2.1 Penelitian Terdahulu .................................................................................................. 30 3.1 Operasional Variabel .................................................................................................. 34 3.2 Skor Pernyataan.......................................................................................................... 36 4.1 Karakteristik Responden Berdasarkan Jenis Kelamin ............................................... 60 4.2 Karakteristik Responden Berdasarkan Usia ............................................................... 61 4.3 Karakteristik Responden Berdasarkan Pendidikan Terakhir ..................................... 62 4.4 Karakteristik Responden Berdasarkan Masa Kerja .................................................... 63 4.5 Distribusi Tanggapan Responden Terhadap Lingkungan Kerja (X1) ........................ 64 4.6 Distribusi Tanggapan Responden Terhadap Kepribadian (X2) .................................. 68 4.7 Distribusi Tanggapan Responden Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan (Y) ......................... 75 4.8 Hasil Uji Kolomogorov-Smirnov Test ....................................................................... 83 4.9 Hasil Uji Heteroskedastisitas dengan Glejser ............................................................ 85 4.10 Hasil Uji Multikolinearitas ........................................................................................ 86 4.11 Hasil Analisis Regresi Linear Berganda ................................................................... 87 4.12 Hasil Uji Signifikan Simultan (Uji-F) ....................................................................... 89 4.13 Hasil Uji Signifikan Parsial (Uji-t)............................................................................ 90 4.14 Hasil Uji Koefisien Determinasi (R2)........................................................................ 91
vii Universitas Sumatera Utara
DAFTAR GAMBAR
No.
Judul
Halaman
2.1 Kerangka Konseptual ................................................................................................. 31 4.1 Logo PDAM Tirtanadi ............................................................................................... 48 4.2 Struktur PDAM Tirtanadi Medan .............................................................................. 51 4.3 Hasil Uji Normalitas dengan Histogram .................................................................... 81 4.4 Hasil Uji Normalitas dengan Normal P-P Plot of Regression Standarizied Residual..82 4.5 Hasil Uji Heteroskedastisitas dengan Scatter Plot...................................................... 84
viii Universitas Sumatera Utara
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN
Lampiran
Judul
Halaman
1. Kuesioner ................................................................................................................ 100 2.
Uji Validitas dan Realibilitas .................................................................................. 105
3
Karakteristik Responden ......................................................................................... 111
4
Tabel Korespondensi Lingkungan Kerja (X1)......................................................... 112
5
Tabel Korespondensi Kepribadian (X2) .................................................................. 116
6
Tabel Korespondensi Kinerja Karyawan (Y) .......................................................... 124
7
Distribusi Tanggapan Responden ........................................................................... 130
8
Uji Asumsi Klasik ................................................................................................... 136
9
Daftar Tabulasi Jawaban Responden ...................................................................... 141
ix Universitas Sumatera Utara
