14
LESSON NO. 82
PART I:
BEFORE THE BROADCAST
DIR ECTIONS (= petunjuk ja/an) A. Meminta dan Dimintai Petunjuk Ja/an Ka/au kita berada di temp at asing. seringka/i kita harus meminta petunjuk ja/an kepada orang yang tidak kita kena/. Dan. tentu seie. kita mungkin dimintai petunjuk ja/an o/eh orang lain. • Mu/ai/ah dengan mengatakan EXCUSE ME. yang dipakai sebagai "pembuke" ka/au kita harus berbicere kepada orang yang be/um kite kena/. (Kita juga dapat mu/ai dengan bertanya: Can you help me? atau I'm looking for (the station dsb).) • Berikut ini ada/ah beberapa PERTANYAAN YANG DAPAT D/AJUKAN: 1.
PERTANYAAN TENTANG LETAK SUA TU TEMPA T Langsung Da/am mengucapkan semua pertanyaan /angsung. suara kita menurun pada nama tempet, kemudian naik /agi pada kata please:
Tidak Langsung* Da/am mengucapkan semua pertanyaan tidak /angsung suara kita naik pada nama tempet, misa/nya:
Where's the po,\ office, p'fe?
Can you tell me where the paloffice is, please? Can/ could you tell me WHERE the station IS, please? Do you know WHERE the station IS, please? • Baca/ah /agi dengan te/iti Lesson 64.
WHERE'S the station, please?
WHEREABOUTS
{
=
tepatnya di mana
Biasanya kata ini dipakai ka/au kita ingin mengetahui /etak sesustu tempat dengan /ebih tepat:
Teman Don: And where do you come from? /wan: Indonesia.
I
Teman Don: Whereabouts in Indonesia? /wan: I come from a place about 40 kilometres from Jakarta. Whereabouts amat sering seka/i dipakai da/am percakapan sehari-hari. Kadang-kadang kata ini hanya bersrti where, misa/nya: Whereabouts are you staying? Whereabouts is the library?
2. 1 PERTANYAAN TENTANG JARAK
I
(a) HOW FAR IS X from Y? Can you tell me HOW FAR X IS (from Y)? HOW FAR IS the Opera House from the Can you tell me HOW FAR the Opera House IS from the station? station? HOW FAR IS the station from here? Can you tell me HOW FAR the station IS (from here)? Can you tell me HOW FAR IT IS (from here, dsb.)? (b) HOW FAR IS IT (from here/dsb.)? (It berarti tempat yang sudah disebutken, misa/nya the station) (c) HOW FAR IS IT from X to Y? misa/nya. Can you tell me HOW FAR IT IS from X to Y? HOW FAR IS IT from the station to the Can you tell me HOW FAR IT IS from the station to the University? University? (Da/am contoh ini it tidak mempunyai arti.) Catatan: Semua pertanyaan tidak /angsung dapat mu/ai dengan Can (atau: Could) you tell me ... atau dengan Do you know ... , dsb.
15
3.
PERTANYAAN TENTANG BERAPA LAMA WAKTU YANG D/PERLUKAN UNTUK PERG/ KE SUATU TEMPAT
Da/am ha/ ini ungkapan yang dipakai ia/ah It takes = dioerluken waktu/memakan waktu DOES {TAKES } (a) HOW LONG {WILL} IT TAKE to go Can you tell me HOW LONG IT WILL TAKE to go
from the station to the museum?
from the station to the museum?
(b) HOW LONG WILL IT TAKE ME to get there? (c) CAN I GET to X in (Y minutes)? CAN I GET to the station in 10 minutes? CAN I GET there in 5 minutes? CAN I GET there by 1.30?
4.
I
Can you tell me HOW LONG ITWILL TAKE ME to get there?
Canyoutell meWHETHER/IF I CAN GETto the station in 10 minutes? Can you tell me WHETHER/IF I CAN GET there in 5 minutes? Can you tell me WHETHER/IF I CAN GET there by 1.30?
PERTANYAAN TENTANG CARA BEPERG/AN
I
(a) HOW CAN I GET { to the Zoo? there?
Can you tell me HOW I CAN GET {ttOh th~ Zoo? ere.
(b) HOW DO I GET there?
Can you tell me HOW I GET there?
(c) CAN I GET there on foot/by bus/dsb.?
Can you tell me WHETHER/IF I CAN GET there on foot/by bus/dsb.?
(d) CAN I GET a train to Bondi Beach?
Can you tell me WHETHER/IF I CAN GET a train to Bondi Beach?
(e) WHAT'S THE QUICKEST/BEST/ EASIEST WAY { of getting there? to get there?
Can you tell me THE QUICKEST/BEST/EASIEST WAY { of getting there?
to get there?
•
Catatan untuk diperhatikan: Biasanya /ebih sopan ka/au kite mu/ai dengan mengajukan pertanyaan tidak /angsung. akan tetapi apabi/a kite harus mengajukan beberapa pertanyaan. maka seringka/i dipakai baik pertanyaan /angsung maupun tidak /angsung. Misa/nya: Orang tidak dikena//asing: Orang setempat: Orang tidak dikena// asing: Orang setempat: Orang tidak dikena// asing: Orang setempat:
Excuse me. Can you tell me where the Opera House is?
It's near Circular Quay.
Can I get there on foot?
Yes. But it'seasierto catch a bus. It's about two kilometres
from here. Thank you. And do you know where I can get the bus? Just over there. On the corner. Anv" bus with "Circular Quay" on it will take you there. * Pemakaian ini berbeda dengan penggunaan yang sudah kita pe/ajari (/ihat/ah Lesson 19). Ka/au kata any digunakan da/am ka/imat positip, maka artinya yang manasaja.
16
B. Memberi dan Diberi Petunjuk Ja/an Berikut ini ada/ah beberapa JAWABAN yang dapat diberikan atas pertanyaan tersebut da/am bagianA.
1.
I
TENTANG LETAK SUA TU TEMPA T
•
It's NEAR the bank.
It's SOMEWHERE NEAR the park. (Artinya: Tempat itu di dekat temen, tetapi seve tidak tahu
tepatnya di mana.)
•
It's OPPOSITE (= di hadapan) the station. It's ACROSS THE ROAD FROM (= di seberangja/an dari) the station. It's (just) ACROSS TH E ROAD (= di seberang ja/an).
•
I' lOVER THERE t s JUST OVER THERE
I(
=
atI stun.)
Biasanya ungkapan- ungkapan di atas diueapkan sambil menunjuk ke arah tempat yang ditanyakan. Seringkali juga disebutkan arahnya, misa/nya, over there on the right/left.
•
It's STRAIG HT AH EAD (= terus saja).
I
It's STRAIGHT
ALONG ~~WN
I
the road (= terus saja mengikuti ja/an ini).
Catatan: Along, down dan up kira-kira sama artinya da/am ungkapan-ungkapan ini. Down dapat berartija/an itu menurun ke arah yang kite tunjak, dan up mungkin berarti keba/ikannya, tetapi tidak se/a/u.
• • •
It's about 100 metres {
•
It's
•
It's INEARITHEITOP AT BOTTOM
(= kaki)
•
It's on the
It's (just) (A)ROUND THE CORNER (= di batik sudutja/an).
~:;WN
} TH E STREET (= di ja/an ini kira-kira 100 meter /agi).
It's two BLOCKS AWAY (= dua btok" jauhnya dari sini). t Lihat/ah bagan pada halo 18.)
It's three BLOCKS { ~:;WN } THE STREET.
IAT THE FAR IEND OF THE STREET (pada ujung ja/an ini). RIGHTATTHE OF THE HILL.
IRIGHT-HAND I SIDE of the street." LEFT-HAND road:
•
(It's in Jackson Street.") TAKE (= be/ok/ah ke) the second street on the right and then (it's) the first street on the left. ATAU Walk/Drive along ... street for (about) half a kilometre/five minutes and you'll see the Post Office on your left/right.
•
Ka/au petunjuk yang diberikan sangat sederhana dan tempat yang dieari mudah ditemukan, maka petunjuk tersebut seringka/i diakhiri dengan: ... You can't mi$s it. (= Saudara pasti akan me/ihat tempat/gedung itu.) * road dan street dapat dipakai dengan arti yang sama da/am memberikan petunjuk seperti ini. Akan tetapi ka/au kite memberikan nama suatu ja/an tettentu, road tidak dapat diganti dengan street atau seba/iknya, misetnve, Go down Hopkins Street.
17
2.
I TENTANG JARAK
,
•
It's (about) half a kilometre FROM HERE.
•
It's NOT FAR.
It's JUST** up the road (= hanya dekat seis, di situ)
It's ONLY** a couple of blocks AWAY.
FROM HERE. ** Just dan only sama artinya da/am ungkapan-ungkapan ini. Setiap keli. pakai/ah sa/ah satu saja!
I
3.
I
TENTANG LAMANYA WAKTU YANG D/PERLUKAN
• • 4.
I
IT TAKES (about) It's (about)
I
I
five minutes on foot.
an hour by plane.
ten minuteS' WALK (to the station).
a five-minute WALK.
TENTANG CARA BEPERG/AN
• • •
You can walk or get a bus. You can go by bus (or train). You
I
catch get
I
the ...
I I bU~ tram
from ...
misa/nya, You catch the 472 from Central.
BE READY FOR THESE WORDS AND PHRASES IN THE BROADCAST a railway station [REllweisteisyan] = setasiun kereta-api Central Station [SENtral STElsyan] = Setasiun Pusat (the dihi/angkan karena ungkapan ini ada/ah nama suatu setasiun tertentu) the Town Hall [dha TAUN HOl] = Ba/ai Kota nice to meet you [NAIS ta MIT_yii] = (saya) senang dapat berkena/an dengan saudara How long does it take to become an engineer? [HAU lONG daz_atTEIK ta baKAM_an_enjaNI8] = Untuk menjadi insinyur (seseorang) harus be/ajar berapa lama? take the first street on the left [TEIKdha FaST STRIT_on dha lEFT] = be/ok/ahkeja/an pertama di sebe/ah kiri How can/do I get to ... [HAU kan/diiwjli GET tal = untuk ke sene, (saya) harus naik apa? on foot [on FUT] = berja/an kaki you can't miss it [ya KANT MIS_at] straight along this road [STREIT _alONG dhis ROUD] just over there [JAST_OUva DHE8] = di situ it's a pleasure [ats_a PlEZYa] = terima kasih kemba/i straight ahead [STREIT_aHED] straight down/up the road [STREIT DAUN/AP dha ROUD]
18
PART 11:
AFTER THE BROADCAST
PERBENDAHARAAN KATA TAMBAHAN a bar [BA] = bar a fiance [fiyONsei] = tunangan (prie)" a hall [HOl] = ruangan a museum [myilZfyam] = musium Circular Quay [S~kyala KT] = pelabuhan kapal tambang utama di Sydney directions [daREKsyanz] = petunjuk a nice couple [NAIS KAPal] = pasangan yang menyenangkan/ serasi a waiter [WElta] = pelayan restoran a block [BLOK] the bottom [BOTam]
whereabouts [wearaBAUTS]
somewhere near [SAMwea N19] = di deket-deket
opposite [OPazat]
across the road from [aKROS dha ROUD fram]
justaround the corner [JAST_aRAUND dha KOna]
at the far end of the street [at dha FArJ:ND_av dha
STRfT] right at the end [RAIT_at dhiY_END] just up the road [JAST...AP dha ROU D] * tunangan wanita
=
fiancee; ucapannya sama tetapi ejaannya berbeda
EXERCISES Lihatlah peta di bawah ini dengan tellti, kemudian kerjakanlah latihan-Iatihan berikut. (Jumlah titik-titik menunjukkan jumlah huruf dari kata yang harus dipakai dalam pertanyaan dan jawaban saudara.)
~
I UI
SHOPPING CENTRE
TRAFFIC
X~
'-------------
~'GHTtJ ~ . :~~~~--I !I,"--~_I
I>OC' Ii 1 BLOC' I x
~
00
w
(X = Bus stop)
A BLOCK
A
x
x
x
CENTRAL STATION
•
~
2 BLOCKS
~_I
x
A. Umpamakanlah saudara berada ditempat baru/asing. Ajukanlah pertanyaan ten tang:
(1) Bagaimana saudara dapat ke Hotel Royal. (E..... m., h.. c.. I g .. t. t .. R (2) Berapa jauh Hotel Royal dari Kantor Pas. (H .. f.. i. i. f ... t .. R (3) Apakah mungkin pergi ke hotel itu dengan bis. (C.. I g.. t
H.... t. t .. P b. b.. 7)
H
7)
0
7)
(4) Berapa lama wsktu yang diperlukan untuk berjalan kaki dari Hotel Royal ke Pusat Pertokoan. (H .. I. .. d i. t. .. t. walk f t. . R H t. t. . s c 7)
i. S
(5) Di mana Spring Street. (w.
S
7)
(6) Bagaimana cara yang tercepat untuk sampai di Pusat Pertokoan dari hotel. (W
w .. o. g
f
t. . h
t. t. . s
c
7)
', t. . q
.
19
B. Saudara dimintai petunjuk jalan oleh seorang asing. Be,;kanlah keterangan tentang: (1) Bagaimana dapat sampai di Hotel Royal dengan berjalan keki dsri Setasiun Pusat. (Be,;kanlah jalan yang paling langsung.) (G. s a thisstreetfortwo b r then turn I. .. , then t. .. o. t. . r.... , and the R.... H i. a. t .. far end o. t. . bl. .. t. . s s o. too I. .. , then t ... t. . f o. t .. r )
(2) Bagaimana dapat sampai di Kantor Pos dengan naik bis der! Hotel Royal. (There's a bus stop on that corner. V.. c.... t .. 403.) (3) Bagaimana dapat sampai di Hotel Royal dengan berjalan kaki da,; Pusat Pertokoan. (Just go s a It's three b a , o. t .. r ) (4) Bagaimana dapat sampai di Setasiun Pusat dengan naik bis deri Pusat Pertokoan. (V .. c.... t .. 467 on the next corner. It t. .. s ab 10 m ) (5) Bagaimana dapat sampai di Pusat Pertokoan dengan berjalan kaki dsr! Kantor Pos. (Go u. S..... S..... to the next corner, and the shopping centre i. just a..... t .. r... )
LESSON NO. 83
PART I: 777
1.
PERHAPS {
BARANGKALI MUNGKIN
BEFORE THE BROADCAST
777 MAY MAYBE 777 POSSIBLY MIGHT 777 COULD Perhaps [paHA:PS/PRA:PS] } Keduanya sama artinya. Maybe [MElbi]
777
=
Possibly [POSabli]
777
Lebih menunjukkan keragu-raguan.
IWAN: Are there many German migrants in Brisbane? CHRIS: I don't know. Perhaps there are. Maybe there aren't.
IWAN: Are there any Japanese migrants in Perth?
CHRIS: I don't think so. But possibly there are.
MARGARET: Where's Chris? BERT: He isn't in his room. Perhaps he and Iwan have gone out.
BERT: Where's my hat?
MARGARET: Maybe you left it in the car.
2. MAY. MIGHT DAN COULD (a) Untuk masa sekarang (keb;asaan) dan yang akan datang: I'm not sure, but I think he MAY [MEI] always go out on Saturdays = barangkali dia MIGHT [MAlT] selalu pergi ... COULD [KUD] He may/might/could go out tomorrow = barangkali dia akan perg; ...
Lihatlah beberapa contoh lain yang memakai may/might/could dengan arti mungkin:
IWAN: How often does Lucia's grandmother go to English lessons?
CHRIS: Mamma? I'm not sure. She MAY go once a week or she MIGHT go twice a
week.
BERT: The weather doesn't look too good, It COULD rain.
MARGARET: Yes, it MIGHT rain tonight.
