KATA PENGANTAR
Puji dan syukur penulis panjatkan kehadapan Ida Sang Hyang Widhi Wasa/Tuhan Yang Maha Esa, karena atas Asung Kerta Wara Nugraha-Nya, penulis dapat menyelesaikan tugas akhir dengan judul “E-Tracking Trans Bus Information System”. Selama pelaksanaan tugas akhir ini penulis mendapat banyak bantuan, masukan dan bimbingan dari berbagai pihak, untuk itu penulis ingin mengucapkan rasa terima kasih kepada : 1.
Bapak Ir. I Ketut Artika, M.T. selaku Kepala Dinas Perhubungan, Informasi dan Komunikasi Provinsi Bali dan Bapak Drs. I Gede Gunawan, Msi., selaku Kepala UPT Trans Sarbagita Provinsi Bali yang telah memberikan data dalam penyusunan tugas akhir ini dan izin untuk melakukan penelitian di setiap rute dan koridor Bus Trans Sarbagita.
2.
Bapak Prof. Ir. Ngakan Putu Gede Suardana, M.T., Ph.D. selaku Dekan Fakultas Teknik Universitas Udayana.
3.
Bapak Dr. Eng. I Putu Agung Bayupati, S.T., M.T. selaku Ketua Jurusan Teknologi Informasi Fakultas Teknik Universitas Udayana.
4.
Bapak I Made Sukarsa, S.T., M.T. selaku dosen pembimbing I dan Bapak Putu Wira Buana, S.Kom., M.T. selaku dosen pembimbing II yang telah banyak memberikan masukan dan bimbingan selama penyusunan tugas akhir ini.
5.
Bapak I Nyoman Piarsa, S.T., M.T. selaku dosen pembimbing akademik yang telah memberikan bimbingan selama menempuh pendidikan di Jurusan Teknologi Informasi Fakultas Teknik Universitas Udayana.
6.
BDI (Balai Diklat Industri) Denpasar yang telah menyediakan tempat (coworking space) dalam pengerjaan Tugas Akhir ini.
7.
Kedua orang tua dan keluarga yang telah memberikan dukungan dan motivasi dalam pembuatan tugas akhir ini.
8.
Teman-teman seperjuangan dari Technology Artisan dan ShareTrans, serta segenap civitas di Jurusan Teknologi Informasi Universitas Udayana yang vi
telah memberikan sumbangan ide, pemikiran dan dukungan dalam penyusunan tugas akhir ini. Penulis menyadari bahwa tugas akhir ini masih jauh dari sempurna. Akhir kata penulis memohon maaf jika ada kesalahan dalam penulisan tugas akhir ini.
Bukit Jimbaran, Juni 2016
Ida Bagus Gede Purwania
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ABSTRAK
Transportasi memegang peranan penting dalam mendukung terlaksananya berbagai aktivitas sehari-hari. Kemacetan merupakan masalah utama yang dihadapi oleh transportasi di Indonesia, terutama di daerah pariwisata, salah satunya adalah Pulau Bali. Pemerintah Provinsi Bali menyikapi masalah kemacetan tersebut dengan penyediaan public transport yang akuntable yaitu Bus Trans Sarbagita. Bus Trans Sarbagita sangat cepat diterima oleh Masyarakat Bali dan setiap tahunnya penumpang Bus Trans Sarbagita selalu meningkat, sehingga pelayanan terhadap masyarakat khususnya penumpang bus perlu ditingkatkan. Melalui perkembangan Teknologi Informasi dewasa ini khususnya penggunaan Internet dan mobile maka diperlukan sebuah aplikasi untuk memanajemen informasi Bus Trans Sarbagita yaitu dengan mengembangkan Trans Bus Information System (TBIS). TBIS dibangun berbasis web dan mobile lintas platform (Cross Platform)/Hybrid Application. Teknologi yang digunakan untuk membangun aplikasi web yaitu menggunakan Framework CodeIgniter, Bootstrap dan DBMS MySQL, sedangkan aplikasi mobile dibangun menggunakan Framework PhoneGap, IDE Monaca, Onsen UI, AngularJS dan Web Service. TBIS dilengkapi dengan Modul E-Tracking yang digunakan untuk memantau pergerakan Bus Trans Sarbagita. Modul E-Tracking diharapkan dapat membantu penumpang untuk mengetahui posisi bus dan estimasi yang dibutuhkan bus menuju halte. Modul E-Tracking TBIS yang dihasilkan menggunakan perantara GPS (Global Positioning System) dari perangkat mobile untuk melacak posisi bus dan hasil datanya diolah dalam sistem informasi geografis menggunakan Google Maps API. Kata Kunci : Transportasi, Bus Trans Sarbagita, E-Tracking, Cross Platform, Hybrid Application, GPS (Global Positioning System)
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ABSTRACT
Transportation plays an important role in daily activities. The traffic jam is a major problem of transportation in Indonesia, especially in tourist areas, one of which is the Bali Island. The government of Bali Province addresses the traffic jam problem by providing accountable public transport, namely is Bus Trans Sarbagita. Bus Trans Sarbagita very quickly accepted by the public and passengers of Bus Trans Sarbagita always increasing, therefore the public service needs to be improved. Through the development of information technology, it would require an application for managing information of Bus Trans Sarbagita by developing the Trans Bus Information System (TBIS). TBIS is built in web based and mobile cross-platform (Hybrid Application). The technology used to build web applications that use CodeIgniter Framework, Bootstrap, and DBMS MySQL, and mobile applications built using PhoneGap Framework, IDE Monaca, Onsen UI, AngularJS and Web Service. TBIS is equipped with E-Tracking Module is used to monitor the movement of Bus Trans Sarbagita. E-Tracking Module is expected to help the passengers to know the position of the bus and estimate time bus to the bus stop. E-Tracking Module TBIS that generated using intermediary GPS (Global Positioning System) from mobile devices to track the position of the bus and the results of data is processed in geographic information systems using the Google Maps API. Keywords : Transportation, Bus Trans Sarbagita, E-Tracking, Cross Platform, Hybrid Application, GPS (Global Positioning System)
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DAFTAR ISI
HALAMAN SAMPUL ................................................................................... HALAMAN JUDUL ..................................................................................... LEMBAR PERNYATAAN .......................................................................... LEMBAR PENGESAHAN TUGAS AKHIR ............................................. BERITA ACARA TUGAS AKHIR ............................................................. KATA PENGANTAR .................................................................................... ABSTRAK ..................................................................................................... DAFTAR ISI .................................................................................................. DAFTAR GAMBAR ..................................................................................... DAFTAR TABEL ......................................................................................... DAFTAR KODE PROGRAM ..................................................................... DAFTAR LAMPIRAN ................................................................................. BAB I PENDAHULUAN .............................................................................. 1.1 Latar Belakang .......................................................................................... 1.2 Rumusan Masalah ..................................................................................... 1.3 Tujuan Penelitian ...................................................................................... 1.4 Manfaat Penelitian .................................................................................... 1.5 Batasan Masalah ........................................................................................ 1.6 Sistematika Penulisan ............................................................................... BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA ................................................................... 2.1 State of The Art ......................................................................................... 2.2 Dasar Teori dan Teknologi ....................................................................... 2.2.1 Bus Trans Sarbagita ........................................................................ 2.2.2 Global Positioning System (GPS) ................................................... 2.2.3 Location Based Service ................................................................... 2.2.4 MySQL ........................................................................................... 2.2.5 Twitter Bootstrap ............................................................................ 2.2.6 CodeIgniter ...................................................................................... 2.2.7 jQuery ............................................................................................. 2.2.8 PhoneGap ........................................................................................ 2.2.9 Monaca ............................................................................................ 2.2.10 Onsen UI ....................................................................................... 2.2.11 HTML 5 Geolocation APIs ........................................................... 2.2.12 AngularJS ...................................................................................... 2.2.13 JSON ............................................................................................. 2.2.14 Google Maps API ......................................................................... 2.2.15 Google Maps Direction Service .................................................... 2.3 Pemodelan Sistem ..................................................................................... 2.3.1 Context Diagram ............................................................................. 2.3.2 Diagram Hierarki ............................................................................. 2.3.3 Data Flow Diagram ........................................................................ x
i ii iii iv v vi viii x xiii xv xvi xvii 1 1 5 5 5 6 6 8 8 15 15 18 19 20 21 21 24 25 28 29 30 31 32 32 33 35 36 36 37
2.3.4 Entity Relationship Diagram .......................................................... 2.3.5 Normalisasi ..................................................................................... 2.3.6 Relationship Table ........................................................................... BAB III METODOLOGI PENELITIAN ................................................... 3.1 Tempat dan Waktu .................................................................................... 3.2 Alur Analisis .............................................................................................. 3.3 Data ........................................................................................................... 3.3.1 Sumber Data .................................................................................... 3.3.2 Metode Pengumpulan Data ............................................................. 3.4 Analisis Permasalahan .............................................................................. 3.5 Analisis Kebutuhan Sistem ....................................................................... 3.5.1 Konfigurasi Peragkat Lunak ........................................................... 3.5.2 Konfigurasi Perangkat Keras .......................................................... 3.5.3 Arsitektur Sistem ............................................................................ 3.6 Gambaran Umum Sistem .......................................................................... 3.6.1 Karakteristik Pengguna ................................................................... 3.6.2 Fitur Dasar Sistem............................................................................ 3.7 Analisis Pemodelan Sistem ....................................................................... 3.7.1 Context Diagram ............................................................................. 3.7.2 Diagram Hierarki ............................................................................ 3.7.3 DFD Level 0 Trans Bus Information System .................................. 3.7.4 DFD Level 1 Modul E-Tracking Trans Bus Information System .... 3.7.5 Entity Relationship Diagram (ERD) ............................................... 3.7.6 Normalisasi ..................................................................................... 3.7.7 Rancangan Basis Data ..................................................................... 3.8 Perancangan Wireframe Aplikasi .............................................................. 3.8.1 Wireframe Halaman Utama Website ............................................... 3.8.2 Wireframe Halaman Dashboard Website ....................................... 3.8.3 Wireframe Mobile App ................................................................... 3.9 Perancangan Sistem Aplikasi .................................................................... 3.9.1 Perancangan Aplikasi E-Tracking TBIS Berbasis Web ................... 3.9.2 Perancangan Aplikasi E-Tracking TBIS Berbasis Mobile .............. BAB IV PEMBAHASAN DAN ANALISA HASIL ................................... 4.1 Alur Aplikasi TBIS (Trans Bus Information System) ............................... 4.1.1 Member (Penumpang Bus) ............................................................. 4.1.2 Operator Bus .................................................................................. 4.1.3 Administrator .................................................................................. 4.2 Hasil Perancangan User Interface .............................................................. 4.2.1 TBIS (Trans Bus Information System) Web Based ......................... 4.2.2 TBIS (Trans Bus Information System) Mobile Based ..................... 4.3 Hasil Perancangan Fitur Aplikasi .............................................................. 4.3.1 Fitur Member .................................................................................. 4.3.2 Fitur Operator ................................................................................. 4.3.3 Fitur Administrator ......................................................................... 4.4 Pengujian Sistem ....................................................................................... 4.4.1 Pengujian Sistem Member .............................................................. xi
38 40 41 42 42 42 44 44 44 44 45 45 46 47 48 50 51 52 52 53 55 59 65 68 74 83 83 84 85 86 86 89 92 92 92 94 95 96 96 97 98 98 101 105 108 109
4.4.2 Pengujian Sistem Operator ............................................................. 4.4.3 Pengujian Sistem Administrator ..................................................... 4.5 Skenario Uji Coba ..................................................................................... 4.6 Analisis Kecurangan dan Solusi Alternatif ............................................... 4.6.1 Analisa Kecurangan Member .......................................................... 4.6.2 Analisa Kecurangan Operator ........................................................ 4.5 Analisis Hasil Kuesioner ........................................................................... BAB V PENUTUP ......................................................................................... 5.1 Simpulan ................................................................................................... 5.2 Saran .......................................................................................................... DAFTAR PUSTAKA ....................................................................................
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114 118 122 123 123 124 125 131 131 132 133
DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar 1.1 Cross Platform ............................................................................ Gambar 2.1 Komponen Sistem Pelacakan Bus E-City ................................... Gambar 2.2 Desain Smart Location Tracker .................................................. Gambar 2.3 Mekanisme PhoneGap Build ....................................................... Gambar 2.4 Pengembangan Aplikasi menggunakan Model MVC ................. Gambar 2.5 Tag Onsen UI ............................................................................... Gambar 2.6 Rencana Pembangunan Trayek Bus Trans Sarbagita 2011-2015 Gambar 2.7 Grafik Rata-Rata Jumlah Penumpang Bus Trans Sarbagita ........ Gambar 2.8 Struktur Sistem LBS ................................................................... Gambar 2.9 Application Flowchart CodeIgniter ............................................ Gamabr 2.10 Model-View-Controller ............................................................. Gamabr 2.11 Arsitektur Aplikasi PhoneGap .................................................. Gamabr 2.12 Interaksi Device Aplikasi PhoneGap ......................................... Gamabr 2.13 Alur Compile Aplikasi PhoneGap ............................................. Gamabr 2.14 Fitur API Phonegap diberbagai Platform .................................. Gambar 2.15 Arsitektur Monaca ..................................................................... Gambar 2.16 Struktur Diagram Hierarki ........................................................ Gambar 2.17 Simbol DFD .............................................................................. Gambar 2.18 Simbol Strong Entity ERD ........................................................ Gambar 2.19 Simbol Weak Entity ERD .......................................................... Gambar 2.20 Simbol Relationship ERD ......................................................... Gambar 2.21 Simbol Attribute ERD ............................................................... Gambar 3.1 Alur Analisis ............................................................................... Gambar 3.2 Arsitektur Sistem TBIS ............................................................... Gambar 3.3 Gambaran Umum Sistem TBIS .................................................. Gambar 3.4 Gambaran Umum E-Tracking TBIS ........................................... Gambar 3.5 Karakteristik Pengguna ............................................................... Gambar 3.6 Context Diagram Trans Bus Information System ....................... Gambar 3.7 Diagram Hierarki Trans Bus Information System ....................... Gambar 3.8 DFD Level 0 Trans Bus Information System .............................. Gambar 3.9 DFD Level 1 Proses Authenticate ............................................... Gambar 3.10 DFD Level 1 Proses Configuration ........................................... Gambar 3.11 DFD Level 1 Proses Check in Bus Stop .................................... Gambar 3.12 DFD Level 1 Proses Master Data ............................................. Gambar 3.13 DFD Level 1 Proses Bus Tracking ............................................ Gambar 3.14 DFD Level 1 Proses Report ...................................................... Gambar 3.15 Entity Relationship Diagram (ERD) TBIS ............................... Gambar 3.16 Normalisasi Tabel Passenger dan Operator ............................. Gambar 3.17 Normalisasi Tabel Corridor ...................................................... Gambar 3.18 Normalisasi Tabel Bus Stop ...................................................... Gambar 3.19 Normalisasi Tabel Buy Package/Payment ................................ Gambar 3.20 Normalisasi Table Transfer ....................................................... xiii
3 9 10 13 13 14 16 17 19 23 24 26 26 27 28 29 36 37 39 39 39 40 42 47 49 50 50 53 54 56 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 69 70 71 71 72
Gambar 3.21 Normalisasi Tabel Check in ...................................................... Gambar 3.22 Normalisasi Tabel Transaction ................................................. Gambar 3.23 Normalisasi Tabel Operator Details dan Bus Positions ........... Gambar 3.24 Relationship Tabel Trans Bus Information System ................... Gambar 3.25 Wireframe Halaman Utama Website ......................................... Gambar 3.26 Wireframe Halaman Dashboard Website .................................. Gambar 3.27 Wireframe Halaman Mobile App ............................................... Gambar 3.28 Hasil Tracking Bus Pada Web Browser .................................... Gambar 3.29 Halaman Sign Up Monaca ......................................................... Gambar 3.30 Halaman Dashboard Monaca .................................................... Gambar 3.31 Halaman Development Projek Monaca ..................................... Gambar 3.32 Hasil Tracking Bus Pada Aplikasi Smartphone ........................ Gambar 4.1 Alur Sistem Member TBIS .......................................................... Gambar 4.2 Alur Sistem Operator TBIS ........................................................ Gambar 4.3 Alur Sistem Administrator TBIS ................................................ Gambar 4.4 User Interface Halaman Utama TBIS Berbasis Web .................. Gambar 4.5 User Interface Halaman Dashboard TBIS Berbasis Web ........... Gambar 4.6 User Interface TBIS Platform Mobile ........................................ Gambar 4.7 Fitur Check in Bus Stop ............................................................... Gambar 4.8 Fitur Show Bus ............................................................................ Gambar 4.9 Fitur Track Bus ............................................................................ Gambar 4.10 Fitur Set Route ........................................................................... Gambar 4.11 Fitur Show dan Clear Check in Bus Stop .................................. Gambar 4.12 Fitur Post Information ............................................................... Gambar 4.13 Fitur Master Data ...................................................................... Gambar 4.14 Fitur Monitoring ........................................................................ Gambar 4.15 Space Server Trans Bus Information System (TBIS) ................ Gambar 4.16 Grafik Pertanyaan Nomor 1 ...................................................... Gambar 4.17 Grafik Pertanyaan Nomor 2 ...................................................... Gambar 4.18 Grafik Pertanyaan Nomor 3 ...................................................... Gambar 4.19 Grafik Pertanyaan Nomor 4 ...................................................... Gambar 4.20 Grafik Pertanyaan Nomor 5 ...................................................... Gambar 4.21 Grafik Pertanyaan Nomor 6 ...................................................... Gambar 4.22 Grafik Pertanyaan Nomor 7 ...................................................... Gambar 4.23 Grafik Pertanyaan Nomor 8 ...................................................... Gambar 4.24 Grafik Pertanyaan Nomor 9 ......................................................
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72 73 74 75 84 85 85 89 89 90 90 91 92 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 106 108 123 126 126 127 127 128 128 129 129 130
DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel 2.1 Kebutuhan Pengembangan Setiap Platform Mobile ....................... Tabel 2.2 Perbedaan Antara Mobile Web Application dan Mobile Website ... Tabel 2.3 Perbedaan Antara Native App vs Hybrid App vs Web App ............. Tabel 2.4 HTML5 Geolocation Interface ....................................................... Tabel 2.5 Metode HTML5 Geolocation .......................................................... Tabel 2.6 Atribut Position Interface ............................................................... Tabel 3.1 Struktur Tabel Accounts .................................................................. Tabel 3.2 Struktur Tabel Account Balances .................................................... Tabel 3.3 Struktur Tabel Transfers ................................................................. Tabel 3.4 Struktur Tabel Information Posts .................................................... Tabel 3.5 Struktur Tabel Payments ................................................................. Tabel 3.6 Struktur Tabel Package ................................................................... Tabel 3.7 Struktur Tabel Detail Operators ..................................................... Tabel 3.8 Struktur Tabel Transactions ............................................................ Tabel 3.9 Struktur Tabel Account Categories ................................................. Tabel 3.10 Struktur Tabel Buses ..................................................................... Tabel 3.11 Struktur Tabel Check in Members ................................................ Tabel 3.12 Struktur Tabel Bus Stops ............................................................... Tabel 3.13 Struktur Tabel Corridors .............................................................. Tabel 3.14 Struktur Tabel Bus Positions ......................................................... Tabel 3.15 Struktur Tabel Bus Stop Details .................................................... Tabel 3.16 Struktur Tabel Corridor Details ................................................... Tabel 3.17 Struktur Tabel Messages ............................................................... Tabel 3.18 Struktur Tabel Mail Templates ..................................................... Tabel 4.1 Test Case Fitur Sistem Member TBIS ............................................ Tabel 4.2 Test Case Fitur Sistem Operator TBIS ........................................... Tabel 4.3 Test Case Fitur Sistem Administrator TBIS ...................................
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11 11 12 30 30 31 76 76 77 77 78 78 78 79 79 80 80 80 81 81 82 82 82 83 109 114 118
DAFTAR KODE PROGRAM
Kode Program 2.1 Sintaks Inisialisasi Google Maps API .............................. Kode Program 2.2 Literal Objek DirectionRequest ........................................ Kode Program 3.1 Model Bus Position ........................................................... Kode Program 3.2 Controller Bus Position .................................................... Kode Program 3.3 Route Bus Position ............................................................ Kode Program 3.4 View Bus Position ............................................................. Kode Program 3.5 Controller Track Bus ........................................................
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32 34 86 87 87 88 91
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN
Lampiran 1 Contoh Kartu Member Trans Bus Information System ............... 135 Lampiran 2 Contoh Kode QR Halte ................................................................ 136
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