negara tersebut ternyata tidal< berlanjut dan elconominya mundur. Ini disebablcan oleh lcarenadalam suasana yang tidak stabil yang paling m e n g u n t u n g l < a nd, a n d e n g a n d e m i l < i a ny a n g t u m b u h p e s a t , a d a l a h l < e g i a t a n spelculatifb , u l < a nl c e g i a t a np r o d u l < t i f . S a y a i n g i n m e n c a t a t d i s i n i b a h w a l < e s t a b i l a ne k o n o m i t i d a k d a t a n g d e n g a n s e n d i r i n y a ,t e t a p i h a r u s s e c a r a s a d a r d i u p a y a k a nm e l a l u i k e b i j a k s a n a a n f i s l < ad l a n m o n e t e r y a n g h a t i - h a t i .H a l i n i p e r l u s a y a k e m u k a l c a ns e b a b u n t u l <m e n j a g a s t a b i l i t a se l < o n o m it e r s e b u t , s e r i n g k a l il < e b i j a l < s a n a aenl < o n o m i y a n g d i p i l i hs e c a r at e p a t d i p a n d a n gt i d a l
i ada d a n k e s i n a m b u n g a ni n d u s t r i a l i s a s p sangat penting bagi lceberhasilan k h u s u s n y a d a n p e m b a n g u n a np a d a u m u m n y a . J a n g a n " t a k e f o r g r a n t e d " i a r u s d i u p a y a l c a nm e l a l u id i s i p l i nd i . e s t a b i l a ne l < o n o m h k e s t a b i l a ne l < o n o m i K l an moneter. b i d a n gf i s l c a d K e e m p a t , p e n g a l a m a nd i b e r b a g a in e g a r a , l < h u s u s n y as e t e l a h P e r a n g D u n i a l l , d a n l e b i h l < h u s u s n y al a g i d a l a m b e b e r a p a nt a h u n t e r a l c h i ri n i d e n g a n a d a n y a p e r u b a h a n b e s a r - b e s a r a nd i n e g a r a - n e g a r aS o s i a l i s , m e m b e r i k a n p e t u n j u k y a n g c u l c u pj e l a s m e n g e n a ip e r a n a na p a y a n g h a r u s d i l a l c u k a no l e h p e m e r i n t a hd a l a m m e m b a n g u n p e r e l < o n o m i a n e g a r a d a n b a n g s a . P e t u n j u l < atau pelajaran ini adalah bahwa dalam membangun pemerintah sejauh m u n g l < i nm e m a n f a a t l < a nd,a n d i m a n a p e r l u m e n g a r a h l < a nm, e l < a n i s m ep a s a r . p a s a r .K o m a n d o a t a u b i r o l < r a s i P e m e r i n t a hs e y o g y a n y at i d a l <m e n g g a n t i l < a n b u k a n p e n g g a n t i y a n g b a i l
p e m b a n g u n a nd a n p e n g o p e r a s i a n s a r a n ad a n p r a s a r a n at e r s e b u t m u t l a k h a r u sd i t i n g l c a t l c a n . i a l a ht e r s e d i a n y ap a n g a ny a n g S y a r a tk e e n a mu n t u l
b e r b a g a im a c a m p a n g a ns e c a r at o t a l c u k u p u n t u l <m e m e n u h ik e b u t u h a n p a n g a np e n d u d u l <S. w a s e m b a d ai n i t i d a l
p e r t u m b u h a n t e r s e b u t . P e r a t u r a np e r i z i n a ny a n g m e n g h a m b a t p e n a n a m a n m o d a l d a l a m p e r d a g a n g a ny a n g b e r s u m b e rp a d a a p a r a t u r p e m e r i n t a h p u s a t d a n d a e r a h h a r u s d i c a b u t , d i s e s u a i l < asne h i n g g al < e g i a t a np e r d a g a n g a nd a p a t d i l a l c u l < al ne b i h e f i s i e nd a n l e b i h l a n c a r .
10.
Perlu dicatat bahwa gambaran perubahan strul
S e l a i n d a r i i t u s l < e n a r i oy a n g l c i t ag a m b a r l < a nd i a t a s , l c i t ad a p a t m e m p e r k i r a l
p e r k a p i t a s e k fo r p e r t a n i a n a k a n m e n i n g k a t d e n g a n s a n g a t b e r a r t i j i k a d i b a n d i n g l c apne n g h a s i l apne r k a p i t as e k t o ri n i s e k a r a n gd a l a mt a h u n 1 9 8 8 . n n g lebihspel< talculer di lagi kita jumpaidi sektor - se k tor N a mu np e n i n g l ca taya l u a r p e r t a n i a n . D a l a m s e p e r e m p a ta b a d s a m p a i d e n g a n t a h u n 2 0 1 8 , perbandingan a t a u r a s i oa n t a r at i n g l c a tp e n g h a s i l a nr a t a - r a t ad i s e l c t o rn o n p e r t a n i a nd e n g a nt i n g l < a tp e n g h a s i l a nr a t a - r a t ad i s e l c t o rp e r t a n i a na l c a n m e n i n g k a t . H a l i n i a l c a nm e n g a l < i b a t l < al an p a n g a n p e l < e r j a a nd i b i d a n g p e r t a n i a n m e n j a d i k u r a n g m e n a r i k , d o r o n g a n u r b a n i s a s i( " r u r a l - u r b a n . p l i l < a sdia r i k e c e n d e r u n g a inn i p e r l u l < i t ap i k i r k a n m i g r a t i o n " )m e n i n g l < a tl m b e r s a m as e c a r a j e r n i h . A p a b i l a l c i t a m e n g i n g i n l c apne r b a n d i n g apne n g h a s i l atne r s e b u t t i d a k m e n i n g l < aat t a u b a h k a n m e n u r u ns e h i n g g ap e r b e d a a np e n g h a s i l a na n t a r s e k t o r i n i m a l c i nl < e c i l ,m a l < ad i s a t u p i h a l
Mungl
p r o d u k s i y a n g e f i s i e nt a n p a t e r l a l u d i t e n t u k a no l e h p a s a r a n l u a r n e g e r i y a n g d a r i w a l c t u l < ew a l c t u m e n u n i u l < l c aln< e t i d a l ( s t a b i l a n . Potensi pasar dalam negeri ini alcan malcin berlcembang apabila pertumbuhan elconomi disertai dengan pemerataan, sesuai tujuan p e m b a n g u n a n l c i t a .K a l a u l < i t ab e r h a s i l m e l a k s a n a k a nT r i l o g i P e m b a n g u n a n dalam 25 tahun yang alcan datang sebagaimana l
K e m u n g l < i n a np e r l u a s a n p e r d a g a n g a n i n t e r n a s i o n a l m e r u p a k a n s n t a n g a nb a g i l < i t ad i t a h u n - t a h u ny a n g a k a n d a t a n g . k e s e m p a t a sn e l < a l i g ut a pangsa D a l a m a b a d 2 1 l
p a s a re k s p o ry a n g l e b i hb e s a rb a i l
P e r l u d i t e l < a n l < asne k a l i l a g i b a h w a p e m b a n g u n a ne l c o n o m yi a n g t e r a r a h p a d a perubahan strul
pada pemerataan dan
p e r t u m b u h a n m e m e r l u l < a np e n g u a s a a n , p e m a n f a a t a n d a n p e n g e m b a n g a n i l m u p e n g e t a h u a n d a n t e l c n o l o g i ,d e n g a n p e n e l c a n a np a d a t e k n o l o g i y a n g s e g e r a m e m p u n y a id a m p a l
Kecenderungan lemahnya
m o b i l i t a st e n a g a l < e r j ad a r i s e l < t o rp e r t a n i a nd e m i l < i a nj u g a t i n g l c a ta b s o r b s i tenaga lcerja pada sektor industri dan jasa sebagaimana telah saya l c e m u l < a l c adni a t a s , h a n y a m u n g l < i nd a p a t d i p e r l u n a l
sosial el
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p r o d u l < t i v i t a se, f i s i e n s id a n d a y a s a i n g h a s i l d a n p r o d u l < s il c i t ad i p a s a r d a l a m n e g e r i m a u p u n i n t e r n a s i o n a l .D i s a m p i n g i t u k i t a p e r l u m e n g e m b a n g k a n p r o g r a m - p r o g r a mp e m b a n g u n a ny a n g b e r s i f a t p a d a t k a r y a . S e l a i n i t u k i t a tidak boleh mengabailcan derajat l<esehatan masyaralcat. Telah saya l < e m u l c a l c asne j a l
13.
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p e n y a l ( i ti n f e l < sdi a n l c e l < u r a n g agni z i ; ( b ) T r a n s i s id e m o g r a f iy a n g a n t a r a l a i n p e r u b a h a n s t r u l < t u rp e n d u d u l
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k e b e r s i h a n l i n g l < u n g a nd a n s e b a g a i n y a d a r i t i n g l c a t n a s i o n a l s a m p a i k e s e l u r u hp e l o s o l < . 14.
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ne r b a g a i l a n g k a h D a l a m m e n g h a d a p i t a n t a n g a n d i a t a s p e r l u l < i t al a l < u l < a b l < e b i j a k s a n a a nb,a i l
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a d m i n i s t r a s gi u r u , d e n g a n m e m p e r l c u aat p a r a t D i n a s D i l < b u d - n y aA. p a r a t T i n g l < aPt u s a td a n p e r w a l < i l a n n ydai T i n g k a tI b e r f u n g s si e b a g a i Pendidikan p e n e n t ul c e b i j a l < s a n auamnu m , p e m b i n at e l < n i sd, a n m e l a k u k a np e n g a w a s a n n u t u p e n d i d i k a nS D , m u t u . S a l a hs a t u s a r a n u n t u l <m e m a c up e n i n g l < a t am s e t i a pt a h u n d i a d a l < alno m b am u t u S D s e c a r ab e r t a h a pd e n g a ns t a n d a rn i l a i r e g i o n adl a n n a s i o n a lC. a r ai n i d i p e r l < i r a l
terpencil. lKlP/FKlP, M e n i n g l c a t l < amnu t u l e m b a g ap e n d i d i k a ng u r u , l c h u s u s n y a l4l t e ru ta mad a l a mra n g l
18
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me n d i d i l < adna s a r a g a r d a p a t m e n y i a p k a n M e n y e s u a i l c alnc u r i l < u l u p yang perlu a n a k m e m a s u l cei r a I P T E Kd a l a ma b a d k e 2 1 . S a l a hs a t u l c r i t e r i a d i p e r h i t u n g l c adna l a m p e n y e s u a i a lnc u r i l < u l uamd a l a hb a g a i m a n aa g a r a n a k m u l a i d i d i d i l
ninggi U n t u l <S L T Au m u m d a n K e j u r u a nd a n P e r g u r u a T
Tantangau n t a m ab a g a i m a n m a e n i n g l < a t k amnu t u g u r u d a n d o s e ny a n g b a r uy a n g t e r j a m i nm u t u n y a .U n t u l
p e n d i d i l c a nH. a l i n i a n t a r al a i n d a p a t d i t e m p u hd e n g a nl o m b at e r b u l c am u t u p e n d i d i l < asne l < o l am i i u r a i l < adni m u l c a . h a s i n g - m a s i nsge p e r t d S e l a i np e n g e t a t a ns t a n d a rm u t u l u l u s a nd i p e r l u k a nj u g a p e n i n g k a t a n . a l c i nt i n g g ia n g l c al u l u s a ny a n g m a s u k d a y a s e r a pl u l u s a nd i l a p a n g a nl < e r j aM l a p a n g a nl < e r . idaa p a t d i n i l a is e l < o l a hy a n g b e r s a n g k u t a nt i n g g i m u t u n y a . " u t u a n t a r s e l c o l a hp, e r l ud i p i l c i r k apne n g a t u r a n U n t u k m e n i l a i" p e r s a i n g a nm a d m i n i s t r a sdi a n m e l < a n i s mpee n i l a i a n n y aP. e n i n g l < a t akne s e j a h t e r a agnu r u a n t a r a l a i n d a p a t d i l < a i t l < adne n g a n p e n c i p t a a ns u a s a n ap e r s a i n g a nm u t u t e rse b u t. U n t u l <s e l < o l a h - s e l < ol
k e m i t r a a na n t a r aS e l c o l a K h e j u r u a nd e n g a ni n d u s t r i .D e n g a nd e m i l < i asne l a i n p a r a g u r u d a p a t m e n g i l < u t i a r u s l < e m a u a nt e l < n o l o g i i n d u s t r i j u g a m e m a n t a p l < apna s a r a nl < e r j al u l u s a nd a n p a s a r a np r o d u l <s e k o l a hh a s i ld a r i unitprodulcsi. (3)
d a e r a hm e n a m b a hs e l c o l a hl c e j u r u a n , U n t u l <m e n a m p u n gl c e i n g i n a n p e r l ud i t e l < a n l c ap ne n t i n g n y as t u d i l < e l a y a l c a n nlyeab i hd a h u l u ,D e n g a ns t u d i i t u a l c a nd a p a td i h i n d a rm i a l c i nb e r t a m b a h n y pa e n g a n g g u r atne n a g at e r d i d i l ( k a r e n a" m i s m a t c h " .D e n g a ns t u d i t e r s e b u tj u g a d i p e r h i t u n g k akne m a m p u a n P e m e r i n t a h( P u s a t ,D a e r a h )s e r t a m a s y a r a k a tm e n a n g g u n gb e b a n b i a y a pendidilcan. L9
(41
U n t u l < P e r g u r u a n T i n g g i , p e n i n g l < a t a nm u t u s e c a r a t u n t a s b a n y a k t e r g a n t u n g p a d a p e n i n g l < a t a nm u t u S L T A . S e b e l u m i n i d i c a p a i , m a l c a k e m b a l i p e r l u d i l a l < u l < a np e n g e t a t a n s e l e l < s im a s u l < P T . K e c e n d e r u n g a n i l < a nm e n u r u n l c a nm u t u P T . P T h a r u s m e n c i p t a k a n a d a n y a p e l u n a l c a ns e l e l c s a l c e s e i m b a n g a np r o g r a m s t u d i d a n m e n c o b a m e m p e l o p o r i p e n g u r a n g a n " p e n y a k i t g e l a r " , y a n g a d a d i m a s y a r a l < adt e n g a n m e m p e r b a n y a l
dengan standar yang ada supaya secara tegas dilarang. PTN dan PTS t e r m a S u l
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15.
S e b a g a ic a t a t a n t e r a h k i r d a l a m u r a i a n i n i s a y a i n g i n m e n g g a r i s b a w a h si e k a l i l a g i b a h w a l a j u p e m b a n g u n a ny a n g c e p a t d i s e g a l a b i d a n g d a n t e r a r a h p a d a p e m e r a t a a n d a n p e r t u m b u h a n d i S a m p i n g m e m e r l u l < a nd u l < u n g a n d a n d u l c u n g a np e n y e g a r a nd a n p e m b a h a r u a n t e r o b o s a n i p t e l < j, u g a m e m e r l u l < a n k e l e m b a g a a n y a n g s e i r i n g . B a i l
kegiatandi i n sti tu si -i n sti tudsii kl a tki ta sendir i.Lebihdar i itu pr ogr am- pr ogr am b i d a n gp e n d i d i k a nh a r u sd a p a t m e n g h a s i l k atne n a g a - t e n a g iap t e k y a n g a h l i d a n te ra mp i lya n g d a p a t m endor ongtumbuhnyajasa infor m asidan kon s ul tas i y a ng b e rmu tud a n b e rd a yasaing. Demikianlah b e b e r a p ad i m e n s ik e b i j a k s a n a ayna n g p a d a h e m a t s a y a p e r l u k i t a p e r h a t i k a nd a l a mr a n g k am a n a j e m e np e m b a n g u n a n s u m b e rd a y a manusia.
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