DAFTAR ISI HALAMAN COVER HALAMAN PENGESAHAN

DAFTAR ISI HALAMAN COVER HALAMAN PENGESAHAN ............................................................................... ii CATATAN DOSEN PEMBIMBING ................................................................. iii PERNYATAAN .................................................................................................... iv KATA PENGANTAR ........................................................................................... v DAFTAR ISI ....................................................................................................... viii DAFTAR GAMBAR .......................................................................................... xiii DAFTAR TABEL ............................................................................................ xviii ABSTRAK .......................................................................................................... xix

BAB I PENDAHULUAN ...................................................................................... 1 1.1 LATAR BELAKANG ............................................................................ 1 1.1.1 Yogyakarta Kota Wisata dan Kota Pelajar ................................. 1 1.1.2 Keunikan Sungai Opak ............................................................... 3 1.1.3 Geopark sebagai Taman Rekreasi dan Belajar ........................... 9 1.2 RUMUSAN MASALAH ..................................................................... 11 1.2.1 Permasalahan Umum ................................................................ 11 1.2.2 Permasalahan Khusus ............................................................... 11 1.3 TUJUAN DAN SASARAN ................................................................. 11 1.3.1 Tujuan ....................................................................................... 11 1.3.2 Sasaran ...................................................................................... 11 1.4 KEASLIAN PENULISAN ................................................................... 12 1.5 KERANGKA POLA PIKIR ................................................................. 13

BAB II KAJIAN TEORI .................................................................................... 13 2.1 KAJIAN PUSTAKA ............................................................................ 14

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2.1.1 Geopark dan Kawasan Lindung................................................ 14 2.1.2 Sistem Kawasan Lindung di Indonesia..................................... 16 2.1.3 Kawasan Wisata yang Ekologis................................................ 19 2.1.4 Wisata Minat Khusus ................................................................ 21 2.1.5 Desa Wisata .............................................................................. 23 2.1.6 Ruang Terbuka.......................................................................... 25 2.1.7 Camping Ground ...................................................................... 27 2.1.8 Pedestrian/Jalur Pejalan Kaki ................................................... 30 2.1.9 Jalur Sepeda dan Parkir Sepeda ................................................ 35 2.1.10 Fasilitas Parkir (Outdoor Parking) ........................................... 38 2.1.11 Tangga Luar (Outdoor Stairway) .............................................. 43 2.1.12 Outdoor Ramp .......................................................................... 45 2.1.13 Bangunan Tahan Gempa ........................................................... 47 2.1.14 Kegiatan belajar ........................................................................ 52 2.1.15 Arsitektur Kontekstual .............................................................. 54 2.1.16 Museum .................................................................................... 56 2.1.17 Geowisata ................................................................................. 57 2.1.18 Wisata Budaya .......................................................................... 59 2.2 KAJIAN STATE OF THE ART .......................................................... 61 2.2.1 YehLiu Geopark, Taiwan ......................................................... 61 2.2.2 Suaka Margasatwa Muara Angke ............................................. 64 2.2.3 Museum Geologi Bandung ....................................................... 66

BAB III METODE PERANCANGAN .............................................................. 71 3.1 METODE PENGUMPULAN DATA .................................................. 71 3.1.1 Studi Literatur ........................................................................... 71 3.1.2 Survei Lapangan ....................................................................... 71 3.1.3 Studi Kasus ............................................................................... 72

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3.1.4 Metode Analisis-Sintesis .......................................................... 72 3.1.5 Metode Pengujian Desain ......................................................... 72

BAB IV DATA DAN INFORMASI ................................................................... 77 4.1 DATA SITE .......................................................................................... 77 4.1.1 Akses Menuju Kawasan ........................................................... 77 4.1.2 Batas-batas Site ......................................................................... 78 4.1.3 Data Geodiversity dan Biodiversity.......................................... 82 4.1.4 Data Aktivitas Penduduk Sekitar Site....................................... 83 4.1.5 Kondisi Tanah ........................................................................... 84 4.1.6 Angin ........................................................................................ 84 4.1.7 Matahari .................................................................................... 85 4.1.8 Kebisingan ................................................................................ 88 4.1.9 Sumber Air................................................................................ 89 4.1.10 Tampilan Bangunan .................................................................. 89 4.2 DATA DIMENSI ................................................................................. 91 4.2.1 Camping Ground ...................................................................... 91 4.2.2 Jalur Pedestrian ......................................................................... 92 4.2.3 Parkir Sepeda ............................................................................ 93 4.2.4 Fasilitas Parkir .......................................................................... 95 4.2.5 Museum .................................................................................... 95 4.3 DATA AKTIVITAS ............................................................................. 97 4.3.1 Wisata Minat Khusus ................................................................ 97 4.3.2 Sirkulasi .................................................................................... 98 4.3.2.1 Bentuk Ruang Sirkulasi ................................................... 98 4.3.2.2 Konfigurasi Jalan............................................................. 99 4.3.3 Organisasi Ruang .................................................................... 101 4.4 DATA PERATURAN ........................................................................ 105

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4.4.1 Arah pemantapan kawasan lindung ........................................ 105

BAB V ANALISIS ............................................................................................. 107 5.1 SWOT ANALISIS .............................................................................. 107 5.2 ANALISIS SITE ................................................................................ 108 5.2.1 Analisis Akses ........................................................................ 108 5.2.2 Analisis Batas Site dan Aktivitas Penduduk ........................... 109 5.2.3 Analisis Geodiversity dan Biodiversity .................................. 112 5.2.4 Analisis Kondisi Tanah........................................................... 113 5.2.5 Analisis Angin ........................................................................ 114 5.2.6 Analisis Matahari .................................................................... 116 5.2.7 Analisis Kebisingan ................................................................ 120 5.2.8 Analisis Sumber Air ............................................................... 120 5.2.9 Tampilan Bangunan ................................................................ 121 5.3 ANALISIS DIMENSI ........................................................................ 121 5.3.1 Camping Ground .................................................................... 121 5.3.2 Jalur Pedestrian ....................................................................... 122 5.3.3 Fasilitas Parkir ........................................................................ 124 5.3.4 Kebutuhan Ruang ................................................................... 125 5.4 ANALISIS AKTIVITAS .................................................................... 127 5.4.1 Alur Kegiatan .......................................................................... 127 5.4.2 Pengelompokan Ruang ........................................................... 129

BAB VI KONSEP RANCANGAN .................................................................. 130 6.1 KONSEP KAWASAN ....................................................................... 130 6.2 KONSEP PEDESTRIAN DAN SIRKULASI .................................... 132 6.3 KONSEP BANGUNAN ..................................................................... 135 6.3.1 Tata Letak Bangunan .............................................................. 135

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6.3.1.1 Lokasi Museum ............................................................. 135 6.3.1.2 Lokasi Kantor ................................................................ 137 6.3.2 Tampak Bangunan .................................................................. 138 6.3.3 Denah Bangunan ..................................................................... 139 6.3.3.1 Denah Museum ............................................................. 139 6.3.3.2 Denah Kantor ................................................................ 140 6.4 KONSEP LANSEKAP ....................................................................... 141

BAB VII PENGEMBANGAN RANCANGAN .............................................. 143 7.1 RANCANGAN SITEPLAN ................................................................ 143 7.2 PENERAPAN RUANG TERBUKA ................................................... 152 7.3 PENERAPAN TAMPILAN BANGUNAN ........................................ 153

BAB VIII KRITIK DAN SARAN .................................................................... 155

DAFTAR PUSTAKA ........................................................................................ 159

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DAFTAR GAMBAR Gambar 1.1 Denah Yogyakarta ............................................................................... 1 Gambar 1.2 Salah satu desa wisata yg ada di Yogyakarta ...................................... 3 Gambar 1.3 Aliran Sungai Opak ............................................................................. 4 Gambar 1.4 Ikan Tawes Beles ................................................................................ 5 Gambar 1.5 Peta aliran sungai opak ........................................................................ 6 Gambar 1.6 Lava bantal Sungai Opak .................................................................... 7 Gambar 1.7 Sampah-sampah di tepian Sungai Opak .............................................. 8 Gambar 1.8 Penambangan batuan hasil endapan abu vulkanik .............................. 8 Gambar 1.9 Taman Nasional Langkawi.................................................................. 9 Gambar 1.10 Tianzhushan Mountain Geopark museum....................................... 10 Gambar 2.1 Pedestrian di Geopark Iskar-Panega, Bulgaria .................................. 14 Gambar 2.2 Wisata ekologis di Tangkahan Sumatra Utara .................................. 19 Gambar 2.3 Salah satu kegiatan dalam wisata minat khusus di Desa Bejiharjo ... 21 Gambar 2.4 Kawasan Desa Wisata Bejiharjo, Gunung Kidul .............................. 24 Gambar 2.5 Kriteria evaluasi lahan ....................................................................... 29 Gambar 2.6 Kamping, piknik plan ........................................................................ 29 Gambar 2.7 Pedestrian dengan pembentuk ruang yang struktural ........................ 31 Gambar 2.8 Pedestrian dengan pembentuk ruang alami (dahan pohon) ............... 32 Gambar 2.9 Ketentuan tempat duduk outdoor ...................................................... 34 Gambar 2.10 Ketentuan jalur sepeda .................................................................... 35 Gambar 2.11 Jalur sepeda dengan jalur hijau di sampingnya ............................... 36 Gambar 2.12 Rambu jalur sepeda ......................................................................... 36 Gambar 2.13 Kriteria arkir sepeda ........................................................................ 37 Gambar 2.14 Standar parkir paralel di tepi jalan .................................................. 40 Gambar 2.15 Parkir tegak lurus (perpandicular) .................................................. 40 Gambar 2.16 Berbagai ketentuan parkir tegak lurus (perpandicular) .................. 41

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Gambar 2.17 Berbagai ketentuan parkir sudut (angel) ......................................... 42 Gambar 2.18 Gambar parkir dengan perkerasan menyerap air............................. 43 Gambar 2.19 Standar tangga luar .......................................................................... 44 Gambar 2.20 Standar pembuatan ramp ................................................................. 47 Gambar 2.21 Penggunaan atap yang baik untuk bangunan tahan gempa ............. 48 Gambar 2.22 Denah yang baik untuk bangunan tahan gempa .............................. 49 Gambar 2.23 pondasi untuk bangunan tahan gempa ............................................ 51 Gambar 2.24 Kampanye Geowisata oleh National Geographic ........................... 58 Gambar 2.25 Goa Jomblang, Gunung Kidul ......................................................... 59 Gambar 2.26 Upacara Bekakak di Gamping, Sleman........................................... 60 Gambar 2.27 Entrance Yehlui Geopark ................................................................ 62 Gambar 2.28 YehLui Geopark Taiwan ................................................................. 62 Gambar 2.29 jalan setapak YehLui Geopark Taiwan ........................................... 63 Gambar 2.30 Pedestrian di kawasan Suaka Margasatwa Muara Angke ............... 64 Gambar 2.31 Jalur pedestrian SM. Muara Angke ................................................. 65 Gambar 2.32 Bangunan Museum Geologi Bandung ............................................ 66 Gambar 2.33 Ruang display Museum Geologi Bandung...................................... 67 Gambar 2.34 Ruang display Museum Geologi Bandung...................................... 68 Gambar 2.35 Ruang display Museum Geologi Bandung...................................... 69 Gambar 2.36 Gambar denah Museum Geologi Bandung ..................................... 70 Gambar 4.1 Foto udara letak kawasan geopark .................................................... 77 Gambar 4.2 Dimensi site ....................................................................................... 78 Gambar 4.3 Foto udara letak kawasan geopark .................................................... 78 Gambar 4.4 Foto geodiversity yang ada di geopark ............................................. 79 Gambar 4.5 Foto udara letak perbatasan desa ....................................................... 79 Gambar 4.6 Foto udara site yang akan dikembangkan menjadi geopark ............. 80 Gambar 4.7 Kondisi yang terdapat disekitar site .................................................. 81 Gambar 4.8 Geodiversity dan Biodiversity yang ada di kawasan ........................ 82

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Gambar 4.9 Data aktivitas sekitar kawasan .......................................................... 83 Gambar 4.10 Potensi di sekitar kawasan............................................................... 84 Gambar 4.11 Data Angin ...................................................................................... 85 Gambar 4.12 Diagram Sun Position 21 Juni ......................................................... 86 Gambar 4.13 Diagram Sun Path 21 Juni ............................................................... 86 Gambar 4.14 Diagram Sun Position 21 Desember ............................................... 87 Gambar 4.15 Diagram Sun Position 21 Desember ............................................... 87 Gambar 4.16 Suasana Sungai Opak ...................................................................... 88 Gambar 4.17 Data kebisingan ............................................................................... 89 Gambar 4.18 Bangunan yang ada disekitar site .................................................... 90 Gambar 4.19 Kriteria evaluasi lahan ..................................................................... 91 Gambar 4.20 Dimensi instalasi parkir sepeda ....................................................... 93 Gambar 4.21 Dimensi rak pengunci sepeda .......................................................... 94 Gambar 4.22 Parkir tegak lurus (perpandicular) .................................................. 95 Gambar 4.23 Skema ruang museum ..................................................................... 95 Gambar 4.24 Standar museum dengan pencahayaan alami .................................. 96 Gambar 4.25 Standar kenyamanan pandang ......................................................... 96 Gambar 4.26 Jalur-jalur sirkulasi di museum ....................................................... 97 Gambar 4.27 Pola linier ........................................................................................ 99 Gambar 4.28 Pola radial ...................................................................................... 100 Gambar 4.29 Pola spiral ...................................................................................... 100 Gambar 4.30 Pola grid ........................................................................................ 101 Gambar 4.31 Pola jaringan .................................................................................. 101 Gambar 4.32 Organisasi ruang............................................................................ 102 Gambar 4.33 Organisasi linier ............................................................................ 102 Gambar 4.34 Organisasi radial ............................................................................ 103 Gambar 4.35 Organisasi cluster .......................................................................... 104 Gambar 4.36 Organisasi grid .............................................................................. 105

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Gambar 5.1 Lokasi Site secara makro................................................................. 108 Gambar 5.2 Lokasi site ....................................................................................... 109 Gambar 5.3 Analisa kegiatan disekitar site ......................................................... 110 Gambar 5.4 Analisis sirkulasi site....................................................................... 111 Gambar 5.5 Keterangan gambar A...................................................................... 111 Gambar 5.6 Analisis biodiversity dan geodiversity ............................................ 112 Gambar 5.7 Analisis biodiversity dan geodiversity ............................................ 112 Gambar 5.8 Analisis biodiversity dan geodiversity ............................................ 113 Gambar 5.9 Analisis angin .................................................................................. 114 Gambar 5.10 Analisis angin ................................................................................ 115 Gambar 5.11 Analisis angin ................................................................................ 116 Gambar 5.12 Analisis matahari ........................................................................... 116 Gambar 5.13 Analisis matahari ........................................................................... 117 Gambar 5.14 Analisis matahari perletakan skylight ........................................... 117 Gambar 5.15 Analisis matahari bulan Desember ................................................ 118 Gambar 5.16 Analisis matahari bulan Desember ................................................ 118 Gambar 5.17 Analisis perletakan bukaan............................................................ 119 Gambar 5.18 Analisis perletakan bukaan............................................................ 119 Gambar 5.19 Analisis sumber air desa ................................................................ 120 Gambar 5.20 Analisis sumber air desa ................................................................ 121 Gambar 5.21 Analisis lokasi camping ground .................................................... 122 Gambar 5.22 Analisis jalur pedestrian ................................................................ 123 Gambar 5.23 Analisis jalur pedestrian ................................................................ 123 Gambar 5.24 Analisis jalur pedestrian dan akses cultural diversity ................... 124 Gambar 5.25 Analisis lokasi tempat parkir ......................................................... 125 Gambar 5.26 Alur kegiatan pengunjung ............................................................. 128 Gambar 5.27 Alur kegiatan pengelola ................................................................ 128 Gambar 5.28 Alur kegiatan masyarakat .............................................................. 129

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Gambar 5.29 Analisa pengelompokan ruang ...................................................... 129 Gambar 6.1 Konsep perancangan kawasan ......................................................... 130 Gambar 6.2 Konsep perancangan kawasan ......................................................... 131 Gambar 6.3 Konsep perancangan kawasan ......................................................... 132 Gambar 6.4 Penyatuan potensi dengan sirkulasi ................................................ 132 Gambar 6.5 Perencanaan pedestrian ................................................................... 133 Gambar 6.6 Desain awal boardwalk ................................................................... 134 Gambar 6.7 Desain sarana penyebrangan ........................................................... 135 Gambar 6.8 Rencana penempatan museum ........................................................ 136 Gambar 6.9 Rencana penempatan museum ........................................................ 136 Gambar 6.10 Rencana penempatan kantor.......................................................... 137 Gambar 6.11 Rencana tampak bangunan ............................................................ 138 Gambar 6.12 Denah Museum ............................................................................. 139 Gambar 6.13 Potongan Museum ......................................................................... 140 Gambar 6.14 Denah Kantor ................................................................................ 140 Gambar 6.15 Denah Kantor ................................................................................ 141 Gambar 6.16 Rencana Lansekap ......................................................................... 142 Gambar 6.17 Rencana Lansekap ......................................................................... 142 Gambar 7.1 Siteplan kawasan ............................................................................. 143 Gambar 7.2 Daerah yang dihindari untuk dibangun ........................................... 144 Gambar 7.3 Fasilitas camping ground ................................................................ 145 Gambar 7.4 Amphiteather dan panggung air ...................................................... 146 Gambar 7.5 Picnic area ....................................................................................... 147 Gambar 7.6 Sirkulasi menuju desa wisata .......................................................... 148 Gambar 7.7 Sirkulasi bawah jembatan................................................................ 148 Gambar 7.8 Area utara jalan ............................................................................... 149 Gambar 7.9 Kolam bendungan air sungai ........................................................... 149 Gambar 7.10 Kolam bendungan air sungai ......................................................... 150

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Gambar 7.11 Area timur sungai .......................................................................... 151 Gambar 7.12 Area amphiteather ......................................................................... 151 Gambar 7.13 Rencana picnic area ....................................................................... 152 Gambar 7.14 Suasana picnic area ....................................................................... 153 Gambar 7.15 Bangunan museum dan kantor didalam kawasan ......................... 154 Gambar 7.16 Bangunan foodcourt didalam kawasan ......................................... 154 Gambar 8.1 Peta Kecamatan Berbah .................................................................. 156 Gambar 8.2 Perencanaan deck pemancingan ...................................................... 157 Gambar 8.2 Perencanaan deck pemancingan ...................................................... 158

DAFTAR TABEL Tabel 2.1 Lebar pedestrian berdasarkan lokasi ..................................................... 33 Tabel 2.2 Lebar pedestrian berdasarkan jumlah pejalan kaki ............................... 33 Tabel 3.1 Tabel metode pengujian ........................................................................ 76 Tabel 4.1 Lebar pedestrian berdasarkan lokasi ..................................................... 92 Tabel 4.2 Lebar pedestrian berdasarkan jumlah pejalan kaki ............................... 92 Tabel 5.1 Tabel kebutuhan ruang museum ......................................................... 126 Tabel 5.2 Tabel Metode Pengujian ..................................................................... 127

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