DAFTAR ISI
HALAMAN JUDUL...................................................................................
i
HALAMAN PENGESAHAN.....................................................................
ii
HALAMAN PENGESAHAN PENGUJI ...................................................
iii
HALAMAN PERNYATAAN ....................................................................
iv
KATA PENGANTAR ................................................................................
v
DAFTAR ISI ...............................................................................................
vii
DAFTAR TABEL .......................................................................................
xiii
DAFTAR GAMBAR ..................................................................................
xiv
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN ...............................................................................
xviii
INTISARI....................................................................................................
xix
ABSTRACT ..................................................................................................
xx
BAB I PENDAHULUAN
1.1. Latar Belakang ....................................................................................
1
1.2. Tujuan .................................................................................................
2
1.2.1. Tujuan Umum ..........................................................................
2
1.2.1. Tujuan Khusus .........................................................................
2
1.3. Batasan Masalah .................................................................................
3
1.4. Metodologi Penyusunan Laporan .......................................................
3
1.5. Skematika Penyusunan Laporan .........................................................
4
vii
BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA 2.1. Sejarah Perkembangan Beton Prategang .............................................
5
2.2. Definisi Beton Prestress/Prategang .....................................................
6
2.3. Tujuan Pemberian Gaya Prestress .......................................................
7
2.4. Keuntungan dan Kekurangan Beton Prestress……………………. ...
7
2.4.1. Keuntungan dari penggunaan penggunaan beton prestress....
7
2.4.2. Kekurangan struktur beton prestress ......................................
7
2.5. Sistem Pemberian Gaya Prestress ......................................................
8
2.5.1. Pre – tension / Pra tarik ..........................................................
8
2.5.2. Post – tension / Pasca tarik .....................................................
8
2.6. Tahap Pembebanan .............................................................................
9
2.6.1. Transfer ...................................................................................
9
2.6.2. Servis .......................................................................................
10
2.7. Material Beton Prestress .....................................................................
10
2.7.1. Beton .......................................................................................
10
2.7.2. Baja .........................................................................................
10
2.8. Analisis Struktur Beton Prategang ......................................................
12
2.8.1. Tegangan Pada Penampang Beton Prategang.........................
12
2.8.2. Tegangan Izin pada Beton Prategang ......................................
12
2.9. Kehilangan Prategang .........................................................................
14
2.9.1. Perpendekan Elastis Beton .....................................................
14
2.9.2. Rangkak Pada Beton ...............................................................
14
2.9.3. Susut Dalam Beton .................................................................
14
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2.9.4. Relaksasi dari tegangan baja ...................................................
15
2.9.5. Gesekan....................................................................................
15
2.9.6. Slip Angkur..............................................................................
15
BAB III ORGANISASI PROYEK 3.1. Profil Perusahaan ...............................................................................
16
3.2. Visi ......................................................................................................
16
3.3. Misi .....................................................................................................
16
3.4. Kebijakan Mutu...................................................................................
17
3.5. Kebijakan Keselamatan, Kesehatan Kerja & Lingkungan ..................
17
3.6. Sejarah Perusahaan..............................................................................
18
3.7. Logo Perusahaan .................................................................................
19
3.8. Lokasi Perusahaan...............................................................................
19
3.9. Struktur Organisasi .............................................................................
20
3.10. Deskripsi Proyek ...............................................................................
20
BAB IV PEMBAHASAN 4.A. Kegiatan Magang ................................................................................
22
4.A.1. Safety Induction / Orientasi Keselamatan ...............................
22
4.A.2. Safety Morning Talk................................................................
25
4.A.3. Penyiapan Soft Drawing dari Engineering ............................
26
ix
4.A.4. Melakukan Cheklist/ Final Inspection ....................................
27
4.A.5. Melakukan Inspeksi Material..................................................
30
4.A.6. Membuat Laporan Ketidaksesuaian Produk ...........................
31
4.A.7. Melakukan Monitoring Hasil Pekerjaan Lapangan ................
32
4.A.8. Melakukan Audit ....................................................................
33
4.B. Prosedur Pekerjaan Prestress-Post Tension PC 15B .........................
33
4.B.1. Spesifikasi & Material ............................................................
33
A. Dimensi Balok Prestress PC 15B .......................................
33
B. Spesifikasi Strand Balok PC 15B ........................................
34
C. Duct / Sheat / Selongsong....................................................
38
D. Angkur / Anchorage ............................................................
40
D.1. Komponen Angkur Hidup ......................................
40
D.2. Komponen Angkur Mati ........................................
42
E. Box Cetakan Angkur Hidup (Recess Box) ...........................
44
F. Bursting Steel .......................................................................
44
G. Support Bar .........................................................................
45
H. Masking Tape / Seal Tape / Pita Perekat .............................
46
I. Densyl Tape ..........................................................................
46
J. Grout Vent ............................................................................
47
K. Block Out Area Stressing ....................................................
48
L. Mur dan Baut .......................................................................
49
x
M. Grouting Material` .............................................................
49
4.B.2. Spesifikasi Peralatan ...............................................................
51
A. Hydraulic Jack K-350 .........................................................
51
B. Hydraulic Pump..................................................................
54
C. Hydraulic Swaging Jack ......................................................
54
D. Grout Mixer and Pump........................................................
56
E. Chain Block..........................................................................
56
F. Disk Cutter ...........................................................................
57
G. Strand Dispenser .................................................................
57
4.B.3. Tenaga Kerja Pelaksanaan Prestress ......................................
58
A. Engineer ..............................................................................
58
B. Supervisor ............................................................................
58
C. Buruh/Labour ......................................................................
58
4.B.4. Shop Drawing dan Proposal Stressing ...................................
58
4.B.5. Toleransi Pelaksanaan .............................................................
59
4.B.6. Tegangan-Tegangan Yang Diijinkan ......................................
59
4.B.7. Pelaksanaan Balok Prestress - Post Tension ..........................
60
A. Denah Balok PC 15B ..........................................................
60
B. Prosedur Pengajuan Kesiapan Pekerjaan .............................
60
C. Prosedur Keselamatan Kerja ...............................................
61
D. Penyimpanan / Storage........................................................
63
xi
E. Perakitan Selongsong / Sheating / Duct serta Grout Vent ...
64
F. Pabrikasi & Pemasangan Strand ..........................................
67
G. Perakitan Angkur .................................................................
68
H. Pengecoran ..........................................................................
70
I. Penarikan / Stressing .............................................................
71
J. Pekerjaan Grouting ...............................................................
77
4.B.8. Analisis Nilai Deviasi Pemuluran/Elongation Balok PC 15B
80
4.B.9. Diagram Alir Pelaksanaan Prestress PC 15B .........................
81
4.B.10. Gambar Langkah Kerja Pelaksanaan Prestress PC 15B .......
82
BAB V KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN 5.1. Kesimpulan ..........................................................................................
87
5.2. Saran.....................................................................................................
88
DAFTAR PUSTAKA LAMPIRAN
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DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel 2.1. Kawat-Kawat untuk Beton Prestress .........................................
11
Tabel 2.2. Strands Standar 7 Kawat untuk Beton Prestress .......................
11
Tabel 3.1. Sejarah Perusahaan ...................................................................
18
Tabel 3.2. Luas Bangunan ………………..................................................
21
Tabel 4.1. Dimensi Balok PC 15B ………………… .................................
33
Tabel 4.2. Spesifikasi Strand Balok PC 15B ………………. ...................
35
Tabel 4.3. Karakteristik Strand Prestress ………………. .........................
36
Tabel 4.4. Diameter Selongsong dan Jumlah Strand ………………. .......
38
Tabel 4.5. Dimensi Angkur Hidup PC 15B ..............................................
41
Tabel 4.6. Dimensi Angkur Mati 13K13 ………………. ..........................
43
Tabel 4.7. Spesifikasi Campuran Grouting .................................................
49
Tabel 4.8. Komponen Hydraulic Jack K 350 .............................................
51
Tabel 4.9. Karakteristik K 350 ………………. ........................................
52
Tabel 4.10. Spesifikasi Swaging Jack ………………. ..............................
55
Tabel 4.11. Prosedur Keselamatan Kerja ………………. .........................
62
Tabel 4.12. Notasi Jumlah Strands ………………. ..................................
67
Tabel 4.13. Item Checklist Prestress ………………..................................
70
Tabel 4.14. Analisis Nilai Deviasi Pemuluran/Elongation .........................
80
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DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar 2.1. Retak Pada Struktur Beton Bertulang ...................................
5
Gambar 2.2. Struktur Beton Prestress Pertama (Jackson,1886) .................
5
Gambar 2.3. Proses Pembuatan Beton Prategang Pre- tension .................
8
Gambar 2.4. Proses Pembuatan Beton Prategang Post-tension ..................
9
Gambar 2.5. Tipikal Diagram Tegangan Regangan Beton .........................
10
Gambar 3.1. Logo awal PT. Murinda Iron Steel ........................................
19
Gambar 3.2. Logo PT. Murinda Iron Steel .................................................
19
Gambar 3.3. Struktur Organisasi Proyek Resinda Park Mall......................
20
Gambar 3.4. Lokasi Proyek Resinda Park Mall .........................................
21
Gambar 4.1. Form Pernyataan Kesepakatan K3 ........................................
23
Gambar 4.2. Perlengkapan dan Sangsi Pelanggaran APD .........................
24
Gambar 4.3. Bentuk-bentuk Pelanggaran ...................................................
24
Gambar 4.4. Pembicara Safety Morning Talk .............................................
25
Gambar 4.5. Proses Pengelompokan Soft Drawing ....................................
26
Gambar 4.6. Soft Drawing Approved by Owner ........................................
26
Gambar 4.7. Form Izin Pelaksanaan Lapangan (IPL) .................................
27
Gambar 4.8. Form Internal Checklist (IC) ..................................................
28
Gambar 4.9. Berita Acara Lapangan ...........................................................
29
Gambar 4.10. Form Pemeriksaan Material Datang ....................................
30
Gambar 4.11. Form Laporan Ketidaksesuaian Produk ..............................
31
Gambar 4.12. Alur Inspeksi Pelaksanaan Lapangan ...................................
32
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Gambar 4.13. Denah Penulangan Balok Prestress PC 15B ........................
34
Gambar 4.14. Potongan Balok Prestress PC 15B .......................................
34
Gambar 4.15. Diagram Regangan-Tegangan Baja Prestress......................
36
Gambar 4.16. Flowchart Produksi Seven Wire Stress Relieved Strands .....
37
Gambar 4.17. Strands Prategang 7 Kawat Standar .....................................
38
Gambar 4.18. Duct / Selongsong ................................................................
39
Gambar 4.19. Duct / Selongsong (Sumber : Google) .................................
39
Gambar 4.20. Tampak Angkur Mati ...........................................................
40
Gambar 4.21. Casting dengan Inlet Grout Vent ..........................................
40
Gambar 4.22. Dimensi Angkur Hidup PC 15B...........................................
41
Gambar 4.23. Permanent Steel Anchorage Block dan Jaws/Wedges..........
42
Gambar 4.24. Dimensi Angkur Mati Tipe U Loopeed................................
42
Gambar 4.25. Tampak Angkur Mati ...........................................................
43
Gambar 4.26. Pelat Angkur Mati Tipe Loopeed (U) ..................................
43
Gambar 4.27. Box Cetakan Angkur Hidup .................................................
44
Gambar 4.28. Posisi Pemasangan Bursting Steel ........................................
45
Gambar 4.29. Bursting Steel .......................................................................
45
Gambar 4.30. Support Bar ..........................................................................
45
Gambar 4.31. Posisi Pemasangan Support Bar ...........................................
46
Gambar 4.32. Masking Tape / Seal Tape ....................................................
46
Gambar 4.33. Densyl Tape ..........................................................................
47
Gambar 4.34. Posisi Pemasangan Grout Vent ............................................
47
Gambar 4.35. Grout Vent Outlet dan Inlet ..................................................
47
Gambar 4.36. Posisi Block Out ...................................................................
48
Gambar 4.37. Block Out Area Stressing .....................................................
48
Gambar 4.38. Kawat Ayam (Jaring Kawat) ................................................
48
Gambar 4.39. Fosroc Grout Addmixture Cebex 100...................................
50
Gambar 4.40. Portland Composite Cement ................................................
50
Gambar 4.41. Komponen Hydraulic Jack K-350 .......................................
51
Gambar 4.42 Hydraulic Jack K-350 ...........................................................
52
Gambar 4.43. Temporary Anchorage Block dan Pressure Plate ................
53
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Gambar 4.44. Temporary Jaws/Wedges dan Rubber Spring T13 ...............
53
Gambar 4.45. Skema Susunan Hydraulic Jack ...........................................
53
Gambar 4.46. Hydraulic Pump ...................................................................
54
Gambar 4.47. Dimensi Swaging Jack .........................................................
55
Gambar 4.48. Hydraulic Swaging Jack ......................................................
55
Gambar 4.49. Grout Mixer and Pump ........................................................
56
Gambar 4.50. Chain Block ..........................................................................
56
Gambar 4.51. Disk Cutter ...........................................................................
57
Gambar 4.52. Strands Dispenser ................................................................
57
Gambar 4.53. Proposal Stressing ................................................................
59
Gambar 4.54. Denah Balok Prestress PC 15B Lantai 1 .............................
60
Gambar 4.55. Body Harness, Helm & Boot Safety .....................................
61
Gambar 4.56. Masker, Sarung Tangan & Kacamata Safety ........................
61
Gambar 4.57. Penyimpanan Strands Dalam Gulungan ..............................
63
Gambar 4.58. Penyimpanan Duct / Selongsong..........................................
63
Gambar 4.59. Profil Kabel Balok PC 15B ..................................................
64
Gambar 4.60. Posisi Support Bar................................................................
64
Gambar 4.61. Pemasangan Support Bar Balok PC 15B .............................
65
Gambar 4.62. Pemasangan dan Penyambungan Selongsong / Duct ...........
65
Gambar 4.63. Posisi Pemasangan Grout Vent ............................................
66
Gambar 4.64. Penyambungan Pipa Grout Vent Outlet ...............................
66
Gambar 4.65. Pemasangan Strand ..............................................................
67
Gambar 4.66. Tampak Angkur Mati ...........................................................
68
Gambar 4.67. Pemasangan Angkur Mati ....................................................
68
Gambar 4.68. Pemasangan Densly Tape .....................................................
68
Gambar 4.69. Tampak Angkur Hidup.........................................................
69
Gambar 4.70. Pemasangan Box Casting dan Bursting Steel .......................
69
Gambar 4.71. Area Block Out .....................................................................
69
Gambar 4.72. Pengecoran ...........................................................................
71
Gambar 4.73. Pemasangan Permanent Steel Anchorage Block dan Jaws ..
72
Gambar 4.74. Pemasangan Jack Hydraulic dengan Chain Block ...............
72
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Gambar 4.75. Kontrol Hydraulic Pressure pada Proposal .........................
73
Gambar 4.76. Pembacaan Manometer Pressure .........................................
73
Gambar 4.77. Pembacaan pada Jack Hydraulic..........................................
74
Gambar 4.78. Evaluasi Hasil Stressing oleh Sub Kontraktor dan QC ........
74
Gambar 4.79. Proses Release Strand ..........................................................
75
Gambar 4.80. Proses Pengambilan Jaws setelah Release ...........................
75
Gambar 4.81. Skema Stressing ...................................................................
76
Gambar 4.82. Proses Pencampuran Bahan Grouting ..................................
77
Gambar 4.83. Penyambungan Pipa Grout Vent Inlet ..................................
78
Gambar 4.84. Selongsong yang telah terisi penuh Grouting ......................
78
Gambar 4.85. Pemotongan Strand ..............................................................
79
Gambar 4.86. Pekerjaan Patching...............................................................
79
Gambar 4.87. SOP Pelaksanaan Prestress ..................................................
81
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DAFTAR LAMPIRAN
Lampiran 1 Surat Tugas Magang (Memo Intern) Lampiran 2 Form Izin Pelaksanaan Pemasangan Balok Prestress Lampiran 3 Proposal Stressing (Losses of Prestress & Calculation Extension) Lampiran 4 Sertifikat Kalibrasi Jack Hydraulic K 350 Lampiran 5 Lampiran Sertifikat Kalibrasi Jack Hydraulic K 350 Lampiran 6 Form Hasil Stressing Record Lampiran 7 Brosure Addmixture Grouting (Cebex 100) Lampiran 8 Spesifikasi Teknis Pekerjaan Konstruksi Beton Prategang Lampiran 9 Site Plan & Situasi Proyek Lampiran 10 Potongan Melintang & Memanjang Gedung Resinda Park Mall Lampiran 11 Denah Balok Prestress Lantai 1 Lampiran 12 Shop Drawing Reinforcement Beam Prestress LT 1, Line W-V, Axis 09’-10’ (PC 15B) Lampiran 13 Soft Drawing Detail, Potongan, & Profil Kabel Balok PC 15B Lampiran 14 Struktur Organisasi Proyek
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