DAFTAR ISI
Halaman
DAFTAR ISI ..................................................................................................................
i
DAFTAR TABEL .......................................................................................................... vii DAFTAR GAMBAR ..................................................................................................... viii BAB I PENDAHULUAN ............................................................................................. 1 1.1
LATAR BELAKANG ..................................................................................... 1 1.1.1 Latar Belakang Permasalahan Arsitektural............................................. 4 1.1.1.1 Arsitektur Tradisional .............................................................. 4 1.1.1.2 Penerapan Arsitektur Lokal Pada Perencanaan ........................ 5 1.1.2 Lokasi Site ............................................................................................. 11
1.2
RUMUSAN MASALAH ................................................................................ 12 1.2.1 Permasalahan Umum .............................................................................. 12 1.2.2 Permasalahan Khusus ............................................................................. 12
1.3
TUJUAN DAN SASARAN ............................................................................ 12 1.3.1 Tujuan ..................................................................................................... 12 1.3.2 Sasaran .................................................................................................... 13
1.4
STATE OF THE ART ..................................................................................... 13 1.4.1 Hyatt Regency Hotel Resort ................................................................... 13 1.4.2 Nirwana Bali Resort ............................................................................... 14
1.5
LINGKUP BATASAN .................................................................................... 15
1.6
KEASLIAN PENULISAN ............................................................................. 15
1.7
SISTEMATIKA PENULISAN ...................................................................... 16 vii
1.8
METODE PERANCANGAN ........................................................................ 17 1.8.1 Metode Pengumpulan Data..................................................................... 17 1.8.2 Studi Kasus ............................................................................................. 18 1.8.3 Metode Analisis Data ............................................................................. 18
1.9
SPESIFIKASI PROJEK ................................................................................. 20
1.10 KERANGKA POLA PIKIR ........................................................................... 22 BAB II KAJIAN PUSTAKA ......................................................................................... 23 2.1
PENGERTIAN VILLA RESORT ................................................................... 23 2.1.1 Villa ........................................................................................................ 23 2.1.2 Resort ...................................................................................................... 23 2.1.3 Jenis-Jenis Resort ................................................................................... 24 2.1.4 Karakteristik Villa Resort ....................................................................... 26 2.1.5 Kualitas Resort ....................................................................................... 27 2.1.6 Standar Ruang Resort ............................................................................. 30
2.2
ARSITEKTUR TRADISIONAL LOMBOK .................................................. 31 2.2.1 Konsep Arsitektur Tradisional Lombok ................................................. 31 2.2.2 Bentuk Arsitektur Tradisional Lombok .................................................. 31 2.2.3 Filosofi Bangunan Tradisional Lombok ................................................. 32 2.2.4 Konsep Pola Ruang Arsitektur Tradisional Lombok .............................. 34 2.2.5 Sistem Struktur Rumah Adat Lombok ................................................... 35 2.2.5.1 Struktur kontruksi lumbung terdiri dari struktur atas dan struktur bawah ................................................................. 35
2.3
TRANSFORMASI BANGUNAN TRADISIONAL LOMBOK SEBAGAI ACUAN DASAR PERENCANAAN ........................................... 43 2.3.1 Teori Transformasi ................................................................................ 43
2.4
TEORI TRANSFORMASI BENTUK ............................................................ 45
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2.5
STUDI KASUS ............................................................................................... 46 2.5.1 Grand Hyatt Bali ..................................................................................... 46 2.5.2 Institut Teknologi Bandung (ITB) .......................................................... 48
BAB III ANALISIS DATA ........................................................................................... 50 3.1
ANALISIS PEMILIHAN ARSITEKTUR TRADISIONAL .......................... 50
3.2
ANALISIS JENIS RESORT ........................................................................... 54
3.3
ANALISIS KONDISI SITE ............................................................................ 56 3.3.1 Lokasi Site .............................................................................................. 56 3.3.2 Analisis Arah Angin dan Matahari ......................................................... 58 3.3.3 Kriteria Pemilihan Site ........................................................................... 60 3.3.4 Kondisi Eksisting Site ............................................................................ 61
3.4
ZONING AREA .............................................................................................. 63
3.5
ANALISIS PROGRAM RUANG ................................................................... 64 3.5.1 Analisis Pelaku dan Kegiatan ................................................................. 64 3.5.2 Program Ruang ....................................................................................... 65
3.6
PERSYARATAN RUANG ............................................................................ 67
3.7
ANALISIS POLA ORGANISASI, SIRKULASI DAN HUBUNGAN RUANG .................................................................................. 69
3.7.1 Pola Organisasi Ruang............................................................................ 69 3.7.2 Pola Hubungan Ruang ............................................................................ 71 3.8
POLA KEGIATAN ........................................................................................ 71 3.8.1 Kegiatan Pengelola ................................................................................. 71 3.8.2 Kegiatan Pengunjung .............................................................................. 72
3.9
ANALISIS SIRKULASI ................................................................................ 72 3.9.1 Analisis Sirkulasi Parkir ......................................................................... 72 3.9.2 Analisis Sirkulasi Site ............................................................................. 74 ix
3.10 ANALISIS MASSA ....................................................................................... 74 3.10.1 Analisis Massa Bangunan ..................................................................... 74 3.11 ANALISIS PRIVASI ..................................................................................... 75 3.12 ANALISIS MATERIAL ................................................................................ 76 3.12.1 Kayu...................................................................................................... 76 3.12.2 Bambu ................................................................................................... 77 3.12.3 Batu Alam ............................................................................................. 78 3.12.4 Beton..................................................................................................... 79 3.12.5 Batu Bata .............................................................................................. 79 3.12.6 Jerami.................................................................................................... 80 3.12.7 Sirap ...................................................................................................... 81 3.12.8 Kaca ...................................................................................................... 81 BAB IV KONSEP .......................................................................................................... 82 4.1
KONSEP BENTUK BANGUNAN ................................................................. 83 4.1.1 Bentuk Lobby ......................................................................................... 83 4.1.2 Bentuk Cottage Suite .............................................................................. 84 4.1.3 Bentuk Cottage Junior Suite ................................................................... 85 4.1.4 Bentuk Denah Restaurant ....................................................................... 86
4.2
KONSEP NUANSA ........................................................................................ 87 4.2.1 Interior Cottage ....................................................................................... 87 4.2.2 Interior Lobby ......................................................................................... 89 4.2.3 Interior Restaurant .................................................................................. 90
4.3
KONSEP ORGANISASI RUANG ................................................................. 91 4.3.1 Konsep Organisasi Ruang Lobby ........................................................... 92 4.3.2 Konsep Organisasi Ruang Cottage Suite ................................................ 92 4.3.3 Konsep Organisasi Ruang Cottage Junior Suite ..................................... 93 4.3.4 Konsep Organisasi Ruang Back Office .................................................. 93 x
4.3.5 Konsep Organisasi Ruang Restaurant..................................................... 94 4.3.6 Konsep Organisasi Ruang Spa and Massage .......................................... 94 4.4
KONSEP TATA MASSA BANGUNAN ....................................................... 95 4.4.1 Orientasi Massa ...................................................................................... 95 4.4.1.1 Suite .......................................................................................... 95 4.4.1.1 Junior Suite ............................................................................... 96
4.5
KONSEP STRUKTUR.................................................................................... 97 4.5.1 Konsep Struktur Lobby........................................................................... 97 4.5.2 Konsep Struktur Cottage......................................................................... 98
4.6
KONSEP MATERIAL ................................................................................... 99
4.7
KONSEP TATA HIJAU ................................................................................ 101
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DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel
Halaman
Tabel 1.1 Jumlah Kunjungan Wisata di Kabupaten Lombok Tengah Tahun 2006-2011 .............................................................................................. 2 Tabel 1.2 Nama dan Kelas Hotel di Kabupaten Lombok Tengah Tahun 2009 ............... 3 Tabel 1.3 Spesifikasi Projek ............................................................................................ 20 Tabel 3.1 Kegiatan Pengunjung Villa Resort .................................................................. 64 Tabel 3.2 Kegiatan Pengelola Villa Resort .................................................................... 65 Tabel 3.3 Program Ruang ................................................................................................ 65 Tabel 3.4 Total Besaran Ruang ........................................................................................ 67
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DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar
Halaman
Gambar 1.1
Peta Pulau Lombok ................................................................................. 1
Gambar 1.2
Rumah Adat Tradisional Sasak ............................................................... 6
Gambar 1.3
Villa Sapi ................................................................................................. 8
Gambar 1.4
Malimbu Cliff Villa ................................................................................ 8
Gambar 1.5
Bumbang Bay Villas................................................................................ 8
Gambar 1.6
Hotel Villa Ombak Gili Trawangan ........................................................ 9
Gambar 1.7
Hotel Villa Lumbung .............................................................................. 9
Gambar 1.8
Kerangka Latar Belakang ........................................................................ 10
Gambar 1.9
Foto Udara Lokasi Site ............................................................................ 11
Gambar 1.10 Hyatt Hotel & Resort Yogyakarta .......................................................... 13 Gambar 1.11 Nirwana Bali Resort ................................................................................ 14 Gambar 1.12 Analisis terhadap Arsitektur Lokal Sasak ............................................... 19 Gambar 1.13 Bagan Kerangka Pola Pikir .................................................................... 22 Gambar 2.1
Walt Disney World Resort ...................................................................... 24
Gambar 2.2
Ilica Hotel Resort..................................................................................... 25
Gambar 2.3
Bohol Hotel Resort ................................................................................. 25
Gambar 2.4
View Resort ............................................................................................. 27
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Gambar 2.5
Warna ..................................................................................................... 28
Gambar 2.6
Lobby Resort ........................................................................................... 29
Gambar 2.7
Balkon dan Teras .................................................................................... 30
Gambar 2.8
Gambar Denah Resort ............................................................................ 30
Gambar 2.9
Rumah Adat Suku Sasak ......................................................................... 33
Gambar 2.10 Orientasi Massa Pemukiman Suku Sasak................................................ 35 Gambar 2.11 Rumah Adat Suku Sasak ........................................................................ 35 Gambar 2.12 Bangunan Adat Sasak .............................................................................. 38 Gambar 2.13 Bangunan Adat Sasak .............................................................................. 43 Gambar 2.14 Hotel Hilton & Sistem Transformasi Bentuk .......................................... 46 Gambar 2.15 Suasana Arsitektur Bali pada Grand Hyatt Hotel Bali ............................ 47 Gambar 2.16 Pasar Senggol pada Grand Hyatt Hotel Bali ........................................... 48 Gambar 2.17 Gedung Institut Teknologi Bandung (ITB) ............................................. 49 Gambar 3.1
Analisis Pemilihan Betuk Fisik ............................................................... 50
Gambar 3.2
Analisis Ciri Fisik dan Non Fisik Bangunan Tradisional Sasak.............. 51
Gambar 3.3
Analisis Ciri Fisik dan Non Fisik Bangunan Tradisional Sasak.............. 53
Gambar 3.4
Dimensi Lumbung ................................................................................... 53
Gambar 3.5
Nature Resort .......................................................................................... 55
Gambar 3.6
Lokasi Site ............................................................................................... 56 xiv
Gambar 3.7
Gambaran Kondisi Asli Site ................................................................... 57
Gambar 3.8
Gambaran Kondisi Site dengan Cut and Fill .......................................... 58
Gambar 3.9
Analisis Arah Angin dan Matahari ......................................................... 58
Gambar 3.10 Rancangan Tata Massa Bangunan Merespon Arah Datang Angin ........ 59 Gambar 3.11 Pemakaian Sirip/Overhang ...................................................................... 59 Gambar 3.12 Akses Menuju Lokasi Site ....................................................................... 60 Gambar 3.13 Akses Jalan Menuju Lokasi Site ............................................................. 61 Gambar 3.14 Infrastruktur ............................................................................................. 62 Gambar 3.15 Lingkungan Sekitar Site .......................................................................... 62 Gambar 3.16 Zoning Area ............................................................................................ 63 Gambar 3.17 Pola Organisasi Ruang ............................................................................ 70 Gambar 3.18 Pola Hubungan Ruang ............................................................................. 71 Gambar 3.19 Pola Kegiatan Pengelola .......................................................................... 71 Gambar 3.20 Pola Kegiatan Pengunjung ...................................................................... 72 Gambar 3.21 Pola Sirkulasi Area Parkir ...................................................................... 72 Gambar 3.22 Sirkulasi Site ........................................................................................... 74 Gambar 3.23 Analisis Privasi Cottage .......................................................................... 76 Gambar 3.24 Material Kayu .......................................................................................... 77 Gambar 3.25 Material Bambu ....................................................................................... 78 Gambar 3.26 Material Batu Alam ................................................................................. 78 xv
Gambar 3.27 Material Beton ......................................................................................... 79 Gambar 3.28 Material Batu Bata................................................................................... 80 Gambar 3.29 Material Jerami ........................................................................................ 80 Gambar 3.30 Material Sirap .......................................................................................... 81 Gambar 3.31 Material Kaca .......................................................................................... 82 Gambar 4.1
Transformasi Bentuk Lobby .................................................................... 83
Gambar 4.2
Transformasi Bentuk Cottage Suite......................................................... 84
Gambar 4.3
Transformasi Bentuk Cottage Junior Suite .............................................. 85
Gambar 4.4
Transformasi Bentuk Denah Restaurant .................................................. 87
Gambar 4.5
Desain Interior Cottage ........................................................................... 88
Gambar 4.6
Interior Ruang Lobby .............................................................................. 89
Gambar 4.7
Interior Restaurant .................................................................................. 90
Gambar 4.8
Organisasi Ruang Villa Resort ............................................................... 91
Gambar 4.9
Organisasi Ruang Lobby ......................................................................... 92
Gambar 4.10 Organisasi Ruang Cottage Suite .............................................................. 92 Gambar 4.11 Organisasi Ruang Cottage Junior Suite .................................................. 93 Gambar 4.12 Organisasi Ruang Back Office ................................................................ 93 Gambar 4.13 Organisasi Ruang Restaurant .................................................................. 94 Gambar 4.14 Organisasi Ruang Spa dan Massage ........................................................ 94 Gambar 4.15 Konsep Orientasi Tata Massa Bangunan ................................................. 96 xvi
Gambar 4.16 Konsep Struktur Lobby ........................................................................... 97 Gambar 4.17 Konsep Struktur Cottage Suite ................................................................ 98 Gambar 4.18 Konsep Struktur Cottage Junior Suite ....................................................... 99 Gambar 4.19 Konsep Material ..................................................................................... 101 Gambar 4.20 Konsep Tata Hijau ................................................................................... 101 Gambar 4.21 Rumput Gajah Mini dan Pantai Pasir Putih ............................................. 102 Gambar 4.22 Pohon Palem ............................................................................................ 102 Gambar 4.23 Pohon Kelapa .......................................................................................... 103 Gambar 4.24 Pohon Kamboja ....................................................................................... 103
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