UNIVERSITAS BINA NUSANTARA _________________________________________________________________
Jurusan Teknik Informatika Program Studi Strata-1 Skripsi Sarjana Komputer Semester Ganjil tahun 2005/2006
ANALISA DAN PERANCANGAN SISTEM DATA WAREHOUSE TENTANG SUMBER DAYA MANUSIA PADA PT. ARPENI PRATAMA OCEAN LINE, TBK Christy Florentine 0600632223 Martina Widodo 0600636184 Vendy Karyadi 0600639135 Kelas/Kelompok : 07 PNT/ Kelompok 5
Abstrak
Sumber daya manusia punya peranan yang penting dalam menentukan kemajuan suatu perusahaan, sehingga penanganan dan pengaturan yang baik pada perkembangan sumber daya manusia suatu perusahaan akan membawa dampak yang baik pada perusahaan yang bersangkutan. Oleh karena itu, HRD (Human Resource Development) membutuhkan data analisa yang lengkap. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisa dan merancang aplikasi data warehouse untuk memperoleh informasi yang cepat, lengkap dan akurat mengenai data karyawan dalam suatu perusahaan. Metodologi yang digunakan adalah metode analisa dan perancangan. Metode analisa meliputi studi kepustakaan dan survei. Metode perancangan meliputi merancang model sistem dan prototype aplikasi data warehouse. Hasil penelitian kami berupa rancangan skema bintang yang merepresentasikan query – query dan membentuk data warehouse. Dengan melihat hasil tersebut, kami mengambil kesimpulan bahwa aplikasi data warehouse pada bagian HRD dapat menunjang pengambilan keputusan yang penting dan bermanfaat bagi perusahaan.
Kata Kunci Analisa, Perancangan, Sistem, Data Warehouse, SDM (Sumber Daya Manusia)
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PRAKATA
Puji syukur kami naikkan kepada Tuhan Yang Maha Esa atas rahmat dan tuntunan-Nya sehingga kami dapat menyelesaikan penulisan skripsi ini dengan baik dan tepat waktu. Skripsi ini merupakan hasil analisa dan perancangan data warehouse pada PT. ARPENI. Skripsi ini kami susun dalam rangka memenuhi syarat kelulusan pada jenjang pendidikan Strata-1 (S1) jurusan Teknik Informatika pada Universitas Bina Nusantara, Jakarta. Kami menyadari bahwa masih terdapat banyak kekurangan dalam skripsi ini dikarenakan keterbatasan pengetahuan dan pengalaman penulis. Oleh karena itu, kami mengharapkan saran dan kritik yang niscaya akan membantu dalam menyempurnakan skripsi ini. Dengan selesainya skripsi ini, penulis mengucapkan terima kasih dan penghargaan kepada yang terhormat 1. Bapak Prof. Dr. Drs. Gerardus Polla, M. App. Sc., selaku Rektor Universitas Bina Nusantara, 2. Bapak H. M. Subekti, BE, M. Sc, selaku Kepala Jurusan Teknik Informatika, 3. Bapak Abdul Aziz, selaku Dosen Pembimbing yang telah memberikan bimbingan dan gagasan – gagasan dalam penulisan skripsi ini, 4. Bapak Oentoro Surya, selaku Presiden Direktur PT. ARPENI, 5. Ibu Fida Unidjaja, selaku Direktur Akuntansi dan Administrasi PT. ARPENI, 6. Bapak Venantius Kardiyanto, S. Kom, selaku Manajer Teknik Informatika PT. ARPENI,
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7. Segenap staf pengajar Universitas Bina Nusantara yang telah membimbing penulis selama kuliah, 8. Orang tua yang telah memberikan dukungan moral dan materiil yang tiada ternilai harganya 9. Saudara dan sahabat penulis yang memberikan ide – ide dan telah membantu dalam penyusunan skripsi ini.
Jakarta, Januari 2006
Penulis
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DAFTAR ISI
Halaman Judul Luar .................................................................................................... i Halaman Judul Dalam ................................................................................................. ii Halaman Persetujuan Hardcover ................................................................................. iii Halaman Pernyataan Dewan Penguji .......................................................................... iv Abstrak ........................................................................................................................ vii Prakata ......................................................................................................................... viii Daftar Isi ..................................................................................................................... x Daftar Tabel ................................................................................................................ xvi Daftar Gambar ............................................................................................................. xvii Daftar Lampiran .......................................................................................................... xix
BAB 1 PENDAHULUAN 1.1. Latar Belakang ............................................................................................... 1 1.2. Ruang Lingkup .............................................................................................. 2 1.3. Tujuan dan Manfaat ........................................................................................ 3 1.4. Metodologi...................................................................................................... 3 1.5. Sistematika Penulisan .................................................................................... 4
BAB 2 LANDASAN TEORI 2.1. Konsep Dasar Data Warehouse 2.1.1. Pengertian Data dan Informasi ............................................................ 6 2.1.2. Pengertian Sistem Informasi ............................................................... 6 x
2.1.3. Pengertian Teknologi Informasi ......................................................... 7 2.1.4. Pengertian Database ............................................................................ 8 2.1.5. Pengertian Data Warehouse ................................................................ 8 2.2. Konsep Umum Data Warehouse .................................................................... 9 2.2.1. Karakteristik Data Warehouse ............................................................ 11 2.2.1.1. Subject Oriented ........................................................................... 11 2.2.1.2. Integrated ..................................................................................... 12 2.2.1.3. Time Variant ................................................................................ 12 2.2.1.4. Nonvolatile ................................................................................... 12 2.2.2. Kegiatan Inti Data Warehouse ............................................................ 13 2.2.3. Bentuk Data Warehouse 2.2.3.1. Functional Data Warehouse ......................................................... 14 2.2.3.2. Centralized Data Warehouse ........................................................ 15 2.2.3.3. Distributed Data Warehouse ........................................................ 16 2.2.4. Arsitektur dan Infrastruktur Data Warehouse 2.2.4.1. Arsitektur Data Warehouse .......................................................... 17 2.2.4.2. Infrastruktur Data Warehouse ...................................................... 18 2.2.5. Struktur Data Warehouse .................................................................... 19 2.2.5.1. Current Detail Data ...................................................................... 20 2.2.5.2. Old Detail Data ............................................................................ 20 2.2.5.3. Lightly Summarized Data ............................................................ 20 2.2.5.4. Highly Summarized Data ............................................................. 21 2.2.5.5. Metadata ....................................................................................... 21 2.2.6. Kegunaan Data Warehouse ................................................................. 22 xi
2.2.7. Metode Analisis dan Perancangan Data Warehouse ........................... 23 2.2.8. Perancangan Data Warehouse dengan Skema Bintang ....................... 24 2.2.8.1. Star Schema ................................................................................. 24 2.2.8.2. Keuntungan menggunakan Skema Bintang ................................. 24 2.2.8.3. Tabel dalam Skema Bintang ........................................................ 25 2.2.8.4. Jenis – Jenis Skema Bintang 2.2.8.4.1. Skema Bintang Sederhana ................................................ 26 2.2.8.4.2. Skema Bintang Majemuk .................................................. 29 2.2.8.4.3. Skema Bintang Snowflake ................................................ 30 2.2.9. Agregasi .............................................................................................. 31 2.2.10. Denormalisasi ..................................................................................... 32 2.3. Teori Sumber Daya Manusia 2.3.1. Pengertian Sumber Daya Manusia ...................................................... 33 2.3.2. Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia .................................................... 34 2.3.3. Sistem Informasi Sumber Daya Manusia ............................................ 37 2.3.4. Perekrutan dan Penyeleksian Karyawan 2.3.4.1.Perekrutan ..................................................................................... 38 2.3.4.2.Penyeleksian ................................................................................. 39 2.3.5. Promosi dan Mutasi Karyawan ........................................................... 40 2.3.6. Pemutusan Hubungan Kerja (PHK) .................................................... 41 2.3.7. Pengertian Pensiun .............................................................................. 42 2.4. Analisa SWOT (Strength, Weakness, Opportunity, Threat) ......................... 42
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BAB 3 ANALISIS PERUSAHAAN 3.1. Analisa Perusahaan 3.1.1. Latar Belakang Perusahaan ................................................................. 44 3.1.2. Fokus Bisnis ........................................................................................ 47 3.1.3. Struktur Organisasi ............................................................................. 49 3.1.4. Tugas, Tanggung Jawab dan Wewenang ............................................ 50 3.1.5. Kantor Pusat dan Cabang – Cabangnya .............................................. 55 3.2. Analisa Fungsi Area, Fungsi Bisnis dan Proses ........................................... 60 3.3. Subjek Data .................................................................................................. 61 3.4. Analisis SWOT ............................................................................................ 61 3.5. Analisis CSF ................................................................................................ 64 3.6. Analisis Matriks 3.6.1. Matriks Subjek Data vs Unit Organisasi ............................................. 65 3.6.2. Matriks Fungsi Bisnis vs Unit Organisasi .......................................... 65 3.6.3. Matriks Subjek Data vs Fungsi Bisnis ................................................ 66 3.6.4. Matriks Fungsi Bisnis vs CSF ............................................................. 66 3.7. Teknologi Informasi PT. APOL 3.7.1. Hardware ............................................................................................. 67 3.7.2. Software .............................................................................................. 68 3.8. Metode Analisis dan Perancangan ............................................................... 69 3.9. Analisis Kebutuhan Data dan Informasi ...................................................... 69 3.10. Identifikasi Masalah dan Pemecahan Masalah 3.10.1. Identifikasi Masalah ............................................................................ 70 3.10.2. Pemecahan Masalah ............................................................................ 71 xiii
BAB 4 RANCANGAN DATA WAREHOUSE YANG DIUSULKAN 4.1. Arsitektuk Perusahaan ................................................................................. 72 4.2. Rancangan Data Warehouse ........................................................................ 74 4.3. Transformasi Data ........................................................................................ 76 4.4. Rancangan Skema Bintang .......................................................................... 82 4.5. Metadata ....................................................................................................... 82 4.6. Analisa Kapasitas Media Penyimpanan 4.6.1. Analisis Kapasitas Media Penyimpanan Tabel Fakta Karyawan ........ 87 4.6.2. Analisis Kapasitas Media Penyimpanan Tabel DimWaktu ................ 89 4.6.3. Analisis Kapasitas Media Penyimpanan Tabel DimCabang ............... 90 4.6.4. Analisis Kapasitas Media Penyimpanan Tabel DimDepartemen ....... 91 4.6.5. Analisis Kapasitas Media Penyimpanan Tabel DimJobCategory ....... 92 4.6.6. Analisis Kapasitas Media Penyimpanan Tabel DimPendidikanAkhir 94 4.6.7. Analisis Kapasitas Media Penyimpanan Tabel DimUsia ................... 95 4.6.8. Analisis Kapasitas Media Penyimpanan Tabel DimJenisMutasi ........ 96 4.7. Analisis Manfaat ............................................................................................ 98 4.8. Rancangan Layar .......................................................................................... 98 4.9. Rancangan Modul ........................................................................................ 105 4.10. Rancangan Implementasi 4.10.1. Hardware / Perangkat Keras ............................................................... 110 4.10.2. Software / Perangkat Lunak ................................................................ 111 4.11. Jadwal Implementasi .................................................................................... 112
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BAB V SIMPULAN DAN SARAN 5.1. Simpulan ......................................................................................................... 113 5.2. Saran ............................................................................................................... 113
DAFTAR PUSTAKA ................................................................................................ 115 RIWAYAT HIDUP LAMPIRAN SURAT KETERANGAN SURVEI
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DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel 2.1 Perbandingan Sistem OLTP dan Sistem Data Warehouse .......................... 11 Tabel 3.1 Analisis SWOT ............................................................................................ 63 Tabel 3.2 Matriks Subjek Data vs Unit Organisasi ...................................................... 65 Tabel 3.3 Matriks Fungsi Bisnis vs Unit Organisasi ................................................... 65 Tabel 3.4 Matriks Subjek Data vs Fungsi Bisnis.......................................................... 66 Tabel 3.5 Matriks Fungsi Bisnis vs CSF ..................................................................... 66 Tabel 4.1 Tabel Metadata DimWaktu .......................................................................... 83 Tabel 4.2 Tabel Metadata DimCabang ........................................................................ 83 Tabel 4.3 Tabel Metadata DimDepartemen ................................................................. 84 Tabel 4.4 Tabel Metadata DimJobCategory ................................................................ 84 Tabel 4.5 Tabel Metadata DimPendidikanAkhir ......................................................... 85 Tabel 4.6 Tabel Metadata DimUsia ............................................................................. 85 Tabel 4.7 Tabel Metadata DimJenisMutasi ................................................................. 86 Tabel 4.8 Tabel Metadata FactKaryawan .................................................................... 86 Tabel 4.9 Jadwal Implementasi .................................................................................... 112
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DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar 2.1 Bentuk Data Warehouse Fungsional ........................................................ 15 Gambar 2.2 Bentuk Data Warehouse Terpusat ............................................................ 16 Gambar 2.3 Bentuk Data Warehouse Terdistribusi ..................................................... 17 Gambar 2.4 Arsitektur Data Warehouse ...................................................................... 18 Gambar 2.5 Struktur Data Warehouse ......................................................................... 19 Gambar 2.6 Hubungan antar tabel dimensi pada skema bintang sederhana ................ 26 Gambar 2.7 Skema Bintang dengan beberapa Tabel Fakta ......................................... 27 Gambar 2.8 Skema Bintang sebagai Tabel Asosiasi ................................................... 28 Gambar 2.9 Skema Bintang dengan tabel dimensi tambahan ...................................... 29 Gambar 2.10 Skema Bintang Majemuk ....................................................................... 30 Gambar 2.11 Skema Bintang Snowflake ..................................................................... 31 Gambar 2.12 Recruitment ............................................................................................ 38 Gambar 3.1 Struktur Organisasi PT. APOL ................................................................ 49 Gambar 3.2 Skema Jaringan PT. APOL ...................................................................... 67 Gambar 4.1 Arsitektur Terpusat PT. ARPENI ............................................................ 73 Gambar 4.2 DTS DimPendidikan ................................................................................ 76 Gambar 4.3 DTS DimJobCategory .............................................................................. 77 Gambar 4.4 DTS DimDepartemen .............................................................................. 78 Gambar 4.5 DTS DimCabang ...................................................................................... 79 Gambar 4.6 DTS JenisMutasi ...................................................................................... 80 Gambar 4.7 DTS FactKaryawan .................................................................................. 81
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Gambar 4.8 Skema Bintang Fact Karyawan ................................................................ 82 Gambar 4.9 Rancangan Layar Login ........................................................................... 98 Gambar 4.10 Peringatan Login Gagal ......................................................................... 99 Gambar 4.11 Rancangan Layar Utama MDI ............................................................... 99 Gambar 4.12 Rancangan Layar Data Transformation Sevices .................................... 100 Gambar 4.13 Rancangan Layar Cubes ......................................................................... 100 Gambar 4.14 Rancangan Layar Graphic ...................................................................... 101 Gambar 4.15 Rancangan Layar Add User ................................................................... 102 Gambar 4.16 Rancangan Layar Delete User ................................................................ 103 Gambar 4.17 Rancangan Layar Change Password ...................................................... 104
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DAFTAR LAMPIRAN
Tabel aslegend ............................................................................................................. L1 Tabel mh_personal ....................................................................................................... L1 Tabel t_mutasi .............................................................................................................. L4 Layar Login .................................................................................................................. L6 Layar Peringatan Gagal Login ..................................................................................... L7 Layar Menu Utama ...................................................................................................... L7 Layar DTS .................................................................................................................... L8 Layar Cubes ................................................................................................................. L8 Layar Print ................................................................................................................... L9 Layar Graph ................................................................................................................. L9 Layar Star Schema ....................................................................................................... L10 Layar Add New User ................................................................................................... L10 Layar Change Password ............................................................................................... L11 Layar Delete User ........................................................................................................ L11 Layar About ................................................................................................................. L12 Layar Logout ................................................................................................................ L12
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