RELASI KEPALA DAERAH DAN WAKIL KEPALA DAERAH DI ERA DESENTRALISASI

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RELASI KEPALA DAERAH DAN WAKIL KEPALA DAERAH DI ERA DESENTRALISASI ARIF AFANDI Pembimbing : Prof.Kacung Marijan,Drs,MA,PhD AUTONOMY KKB KK-2 TS 03 / 10 Afa r Copyright:@ 2010 by Airlangga University Library Surabaya.

RINGKASAN Penelitian ini berawal dari masalah hubungan antara Kepala Daerah dan Wakil Kepala Daerah yang terjadi di era desentralisasi yang bisa mengalami harmonisasi atau ketegangan sesudah kedua pimpinan daerah itu dipilih dalam satu pasangan. Lokasi penelitian untuk tesis ini dilakukan di lima kabupaten di Provinsi Jawa Timur, meliputi Kabupaten Ngawi, Kabupaten Blitar, Kabupaten Malang, Kabupaten Banyuwangi dan Kabupaten Sidoarjo. Selama penyelesaian tesis ini, penulis belum menemukan hash riset atau kajian akademis komprehensif menyangkut relasi kedua pimpinan eksekutif daerah itu. Padahal, dinamika hubungan antar Kepala Daerah dan Wakil Kepala Daerah sangat mempengaruhi kinerja pemerintahan daerah, yang pada gilirannya juga mempengaruhi pembangunan daerah. Hubungan atau relasi antara Kepala Daerah dan Wakil Kepala Daerah menjadi berbeda dibanding pada era otoritarian karena balk Kepala Daerah maupun Wakil Kepala Daerah kini telah dipilih dalam satu pasangan yang harus bertemu, membangun koalisi, menjalin komunikasi dan saling berhubungan satu sama lain sejak keduanya dipasangkan. Proses-proses pengenalan, komunikasi dan koalisi antar pendukung Kepala Daerah dan pendukung Wakil Kepala Daerah berlangsung selama masa kampanye serta ;osialisasi pasangan tersebut. Meski proses ini telah terjadi dibawah UU 22/1999, namun fokus rtama dari penelitian tesis ini ditujukan pada situasi sesudah UU 32/2004 diberlakukan. Masalah utama timbul ketika pasangan Kepala Daerah dan Wakil Kepala Daerah terpilih elah memasuki pemerintahan daerah sesudah memenangkan pemilihan dan menjalankan emerintahan daerah. Pelimpahan kewenangan dari pemerintah pusat ke pemerintah daerah yang ada dasarnya adalah pelimpahan kewenangan ke lembaga Kepala Daerah, dimana didalamnva ;rdapat balk Kepala Daerah maupun Wakil Kepala Daerah, pada kenyataannya tidak diikuti engan aturan pembagian tugas dan kewenangan yang Iebih rinci. Kekosongan aturan yang rinci ri membuat relasi Kepala Daerah dan Wakil Kepala Daerah tergantung pada upaya-upaya Iternal keduanya mencari jalan keluar agar relasi itu bisa tetap terjaga bail( dan tidak empengaruhi kinerja birokrasi daerah. Namun demikian, latar-belakang Kepala Daerah dan akil Kepala Daerah serta bangunan koalisi yang terbentuk selama proses kampanye serta sialisasi juga ikut mempengaruhi komunikasi dan hubungan Kepala Daerah dan Wakil Kepala terah. Terutama ketika pemerintahan daerah sedang merumuskan program, kebijakan atau n-ancang anggaran. latar-belakang Kepala Daerah dan Wakil Kepala Daerah yang berbeda tmpu mempengaruhi suasana relasi yang terjadi. Bagi Kepala Daerah atau Wakil Kepala

Tesis

RELASI KEPALA DAERAH DAN ......

ARIF AFANDI


Daerah yang juga merupakan kader parpol, dia harus juga memperhatikan kepentingan parpolnya atau dampak dari hubungan internal didalam lembaga Kepala Daerah itu terhadap parpol. Dalam kaitan itu, mencermati Kepala Daerah menjadi penting karena sering identik sebagai penguasa tunggal didalam lembaga Kepala Daerah. Melalui metode deskriptif-kualitatif, wawancara langsung dengan pertanyaan tak terstruktur (unstructured questions) untuk menggali informasi balk dari Kepala Daerah maupun Wakil Kepala Daerah dilakukan di lima kabupaten di Jawa Timur. Penelitian ini juga melakukan observasi langsung ke lapangan dan data-data sekunder digunakan pula sebagai pendukung. Kepala Daerah yang herlatar-helakang pernah di birokrasi menunjukkan kemampuan untuk mengelola relasi resiprokal dengan Wakil Kepala Daerah secara baik termasuk dengan parpol pengusung maupun parpol asal W'akil Kepala Daerah, sementara Kepala Daerah yang herasal dari parpol memperlihatkan kecenderungan membangun relasi kontestasi dengan Wakil Kepala Daerah. Sedangkan bagi Kepala Daerah dan Wakil Kepala Daerah yang keduanya bukan berasal dari hirokrasi dan juga bukan kader parpol. maka relasi didalam lembaga Kepala Daerah mengarah kepada relasi kontestasi. Hasil akhir dari penelitian deskriptif-kualitatif tesis ini memperlihatkan juga gaya kepemimpinan Kepala Daerah yang mempengaruhi relasi dengan Wakil Kepala Daerah serta jajaran birokrasi daerah lainnya. Gaya kepemimpinan individual Kepala Daerah bersifat memusat pada diri Kepala Daerah sehingga relasi dengan Wakil Kepala Daerah cenderung hegemonik sekaligus subordinatif. Gaya kepemimpinan seperti itu terlihat pada Kepala Daerah yang berlatar-belakang sebagai kader parpol dan belum pernah menjadi kader parpol dan tidak pernah di birokrasi. Sedangkan gaya kepemimpinan kolektif Kepala Daerah diperlihatkan oleh para Kepala Daerah yang pernah di hirokrasi dan bersifat terbuka dalam relasinya dengan Wakil Kepala Daerah dan jajaran birokrasi dibawahnya.

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ARIF AFANDI


SUMMARY THE RELATION OF REGENT AND VICE-REGENT IN THE ERA OF DECENTRALIZATION Arif Afandi This research is from the relationship problem between the Regent and the ViceRegent as both of them is leaders who elected previously as a couple for local administration in the era of decentralization that may he running in harmony or tension. The location of this research thesis is done in five regions in East Java Province; those are Ngawi Regency, Blitar Regency. Malang Regency, Banyuwangi Regency and the Regency of Sidoarjo. As for finishing this research the author do not find yet any other similar research or academic papers which comprehensively focusing on the relation of two executive local leaders. However, the dynamics of relationship between the Regent and the Vice Regent may affect the work of local administration, and it does to local development. Moreover, the relation of the Regent and the Vice Regent is rather different than authoritarian era because both the Regent and the Vice Regent is chosen to be a couple of candidate who approved by the political party or the coalition of political party; therefore they should meet since beginning of candidacy, building a political communication and mutual arrangements. This process involves some elements inside political parties encouraging the couple of candidate during campaign time and socialization to the people. Though the candidacy process is begun under the Law 22/1999, but the initial focus of this research thesis is directed to the particular situation after the Law 32/2004 declared. The crux of so many problems had reached when the elected couple began to govern the local administration. The de-centralized authority from national administration to local government meant basically the devolution to institutional body at local level; which is the Regent and the Vice Regent. In reality, there were no rules and regulations in detail under the Law from the national administration in terms of this devolution to strictly distribute and divide the authority for the Regent and the Vice Regent. As a consequence, both the Regent and the Vice Regent attempted internally to find some ways out in order to keep their mutual relation and it hopefully did not influence the bureaucracy works. However, the background of the Regent or the Vice Regent was essential in line with their coalition building during campaign time and socialization which also effected the communication and the relation among them. It was particularly occurred when the local administration arranged programs, policies or formulated the local budget; the Regent who was also a political cadre occupied the office for his/her political party interests. This could also happen for the Vice Regent.

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ARIF AFANDI


Therefore, the objective of this research is scrutinizing the Regent practices regarding with his/her position in the local administration that often viewed as the sole powerful leader at local administration body. hrough descriptivequalitative research method with unstructured questions and field observation the researcher interviews the Regent and the Vice Regent in five regencies in East Java. In addition, there are secondary data used for supporting the interview result and field observation. who has a bureaucratic background tends to view a capability to manage a reciprocal relation with his/her Vice Regent so as to political parties, meanwhile the Regent who purely has connected previously with political parties as a political cadre reaching a contestation relation with his/her Vice Regent. But for both the Regent and the Vice Regent who has neither any bureaucratic experiences nor as political cadres tend to view their relation as contestation. The final result of this qualitative-descriptive research thesis shows the two styles of leadership at local level as well that influences the relation with the Vice Regent and downward bureaucratic circumstances. The individual style of leadership of the Regent is centered to him/her interests so the relation with his/her Vice Regent becomes hegernonic and subordinative. This style is seen from the Regent who has been as a loyal political cadre and it is also viewed by the Regent who has no bureaucratic experiences at all. Meanwhile the collective style of leadership is regarded with the Regent who has ever a sufficient bureaucratic experience and it is open-minded towards the Vice Regent and the inside down-line bureaucratic circumstances.

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ARIF AFANDI


ABSTRACT This research is elaborating the relation between the Regent and the Vice-Regent at the local level on the onset of decentralization era in Indonesia. As prerequisites for local democracy, decentralisation policy based on the new law has underpinned heads of local government who has already elected and equipped in a pair of public officials to enable a mutual relationship. The election of the Vice-Regent is politically gripping a stronger position than before. This qualitative research is using a descriptive method which is knowingly subjective in regards of science constructing. The subjects of this research are the Regent and the Vice-Regent in East Java cultivating on five districts. The researcher interviewed both the Regent and the Vice-Regent to gain the primary data, then it was supported by secondary data, such as scholarly journals, mass media and internet websites. The relation of the Regent and the Vice-Regent occuped on the top level of local executive administration. Those pair of public officials occupied the local bureacracy for five years for one terms of office. The relation is dynamically governing in some districts where has seen on how the Regent involved in local policies and the response of the Vice-Regent in relations to the job-description and sharing of authority. The style of Regent leadership is also concerned in local administration as well as the role of the Regent.

keyword: Relation, Coalition, Leadership, Decentralization, Local Autonomy, Local Leaders.

Tesis


ARIF AFANDI

RELASI KEPALA DAERAH DAN WAKIL KEPALA DAERAH DI ERA DESENTRALISASI

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