PERAN STANDARDISASI DALAM PENGEMBANGAN RISET YANG EFEKTIF UNTUK PENGUATAN DAYA SAING BANGSA Bambang Prasetya Ka BSN-KAN RAKERNAS KEMENRISTEKDIKTI 20 Januari 2017
Pengantar Standardization is a key factor in support of a number of government policies, including competitiveness, innovation, science and technology. Its importance is growing with the globalisation, the convergence of technologies and a growing knowledge economy. The UK Government Public Policy Interest in Standardisation (2009) – DIUS (Department for Innovation, Universities and Skills)
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Bench Mark Hasil Riset “Manfaat Standardisasi Dalam Innovasi” (1/4) Research Study on the Benefits of Linking Innovation and Standardization Jumlah Sample 615 •Industri besar •SME •Lembaga Riset •Perguruan Tinggi •Lembaga Metrologi
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Bench Mark Hasil Riset “Manfaat Standardisasi Dalam Innovasi” (2/4) The Use of Standards in Research
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The overall conclusion on this research question is that standards play a multiple and catalytic role in innovation and growth systems. Specific conclusions are: 1. Standards play an important role in research projects 2. Standards improve the process and marketability of research 3. The functions of standards vary across the innovation life cycle
Bench Mark Hasil Riset “Manfaat Standardisasi Dalam Innovasi” (3/4) Benefits for Research of Using Standards
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Research methods: 1. Provide common terminology/vocabulary 2. Provide a harmonized methodology for analysis 3. Define good practice in organization/ management Research content: 1. Improve the efficiency and/or quality of research 2. Shape the specification of research activities The market acceptability of research outputs: 1. Ensure comparability with existing products/services 2. Improve the comparability of research results 3. Increase credibility of research outputs in the market 4. Increase credibility of research within the organization
Bench Mark Hasil Riset “Manfaat Standardisasi Dalam Innovasi” (4/4) Relative Benefits of Standards at Different Stages of the Innovation Life Cycle 1. Development of underlying science, not necessarily targeted at specific markets or applications (science) 2. Development of new and emerging technologies (new technology) 3. Development of new products and processes based on new and emerging technologies (innovation – new technology) 4. Development of new products, processes and services based on established technologies (innovation – existing technology) 5. Improvement of existing products, processes and services (product improvements ) 6
Knowledge Transfer Links
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Roadmap Riset Ke Diffusi
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Standardisasi dalam Roapmad Riset ke Difusi Pure Basic Research
Oriented Basic Research
Standard
Applied Research
Standard
Standard
Development
Diffusion/ Market
Standard
Semantic Standard Testing Standard & Inferface Standard Compatibility , Measurements Quality, Variety Reducing Function of std
Reduction of transaction cost Information cost
Interoperability Between component Savings in adaption cost
Increased quality Reduced health, safety risk Interoperability between products Economic of scale Creation of network externalities
Research & Dev 1. 2. 3. 4.
Idea Concept proof Bench Scale Lab Scale Pilot Scale/Field Trial/Trial Line Production 5. Trial Market
• • • • • • •
Reproducible in different scale Traceable Compatibility Comparable Cost Elasticity Products derivative Cost effective
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DEVELOMENT STANDARD (SNI) Principle of Development Standard Openess Transparency Development dimension
Coherence
Consensus and impartiality
Effectiveness and relevance
Idea –Proposal for new National Standard : Industry Association R & D Organization Ministry Local Government International Standard NGO Dev. Organization (ISO, CODEX, IEC, ITU, SMIIC National-Internatl.Standard Dev. Institution ASTM, TAPPI, IAPMO, DIN, JIS, JAS
Priority Setting Formulation Voting-E-balloting Decision
Adopted from the Decision of the WTOTBT Second triennial review
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Nat, Standard SNI :10.808 May 2016
SNI Dalam Angka Pertanian dan teknologi pangan Konstruksi Elektronik, teknologi informasi dan komunikasi
1.888 819
SNI Abolisi/ Tidak berlaku 437 179
368
4
372
4
Teknologi perekayasaan
1.440
279
1.719
5
Umum, infrastruktur dan ilmu pengetahuan
538
59
597
6
Kesehatan, keselamatan dan lingkungan
736
127
863
7
Teknologi bahan
2.528
539
3.067
8
Teknologi khusus
231
68
299
9
Transportasi dan distribusi pangan
491
205
696
9.039
1.897
10.936
No 1 2 3
SNI Berlaku
SNI Per Sektor
Jumlah
Total SNI Yang Pernah Ditetapkan 2.325 998
*per Agustus 2016
Melindungi masyarakat
Mendukung inovasi Harmonisasi dengan standar internasional
Penguatan Daya Saing Produk 12
Standardization and conformant Design
STANDARDS
SUPPLIER
Manufacturing Supply
INSPECTION TESTING CERTIFICATION METROLOGY
Maintenance
ACCREDITATION
Sumber : ROAD MAP FOR QUALITY. Guidelines for the Review of the Standardization, Quality Management, Accreditation and Metrology (SQAM) Infrastructure at National Level (2004)
CONSUMER
Prototype
Increasing Acceptable Platform In Global Transaction WTO based “STRACAP”
1. Standards : •International Standard •Harmonized National Standard •National Standard based on Local-National Uniqueness (National Differences) 2. Technical Regulation •Based Standard •Conformity Assessment •Good regulatory Practice
3. Conformity Assessment Procedure •International Accreditation Organization •Recognition though MRA/MLA arrangement
International Recognition through Accreditation Arrangement ILAC
APLAC
International Laboratory Accreditation Cooperation
Asia-Pacific Laboratory Accreditation Cooperation
IAF
PAC
International Accreditation Forum
Pacific Accreditation Cooperation
GCC Gulf Accreditation
Cooperation
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BSN/KAN INDONESIA
Achievement Indonesia in International Recognition MLA on QMS CB (PAC, 2000), (IAF, 2002)
MRA
2001 : MRA on Testing Laboratory
Mutual Recognition Arrangement
2003 : MRA on Calibration Laboratory 2004 : MRA on Inspection Body MLA on EMS CB (PAC, 2004), (IAF, 2007) 2009 : MLA on Products CB (PAC & IAF)
MLA
2013 : MRA on Medical Laboratory
Multi Lateral Arrangement
MLA on FSMS CB (PAC, 2013), (IAF, 2015)
USA (ANZI and IAS) AND INDONESIA (KAN) FO FIRST TIME RECEIVE MLA
MLA on Personnel CB (PAC, 2016) 16
LEMBAGA PENILAIAN KESESUAIAN (LPK) YANG DIAKREDITASI OLEH KAN Laboratorium dan Lembaga Inspeksi
Lembaga Sertifikasi
No
Jumlah
No
LPK
LPK
Jumlah
1
Laboratorium Penguji
961
1
Lembaga Sertifikasi Produk
45
2
Laboratorium Kalibrasi
208
2
Lembaga Sertifikasi Sistem Manajemen Lingkungan
15
3
Lembaga Inspeksi
44
3
Lembaga Sertifikasi HACCP
7
4
Laboratorium Penyelenggara Uji Profisiensi
6
4
Lembaga Sertifikasi Ekolabel
2
5
Lembaga Sertifikasi Sistem Manajemen Mutu
36
5
Laboratorium Medik
46
6
8
1,265
Lembaga Sertifikasi Manajemen Keamanan Pangan
7
Lembaga Verifikasi Legalitas Kayu
21
8
Lembaga Sertifikasi Personel
5
9
Lembaga Sertifikasi Pangan Organik
8
10
Lembaga Penilai Pengelolaan Hutan Produk Lestari
13
11
Lembaga Seretifikasi Sistem Manajemen Mutu Alat Kesehatan
2
12
Lembaga Verifikasi/Validasi Gas Rumah Kaca
2
Jumlah
Jumlah 17
164
Linkages between Quality Infrastructure Level and innovation Quality .Infrastructure 1st Level
Quality .Infrastructure 2nd Level
Innovation R& D -Industry
Costumer
Source: Harmes-Liedtke, U. (2010): The Relevance of Quality Infrastructure to Promote Innovation Systems in Developing Countries, PTB Discussion Paper 3, Braunschweig (modified)
EVALUASI TERKAIT DENGAN KETELUSURAN Hierarchy of testing “Back to back Quality”
Certification
qualified bodies to do the testing and certification
Validation
Process - policy and procedures for testing
Conformance Testing Test assertions Test suite (test software, test scripts, test criteria)
Standard Conformance clause
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EVALUASI TERKAIT DENGAN PELUANG UNTUK INNOVASI
Innovation system
Quality Infrastructure
1. Integration in more complex production system 2. New forms of integrating different productive sectors 3. Increase number of partnership 4. Integration in global innovation systems
1. Harmonization of processes, material, measurement units and instruments 2. Traceability allows writing of contracts 3. Decrease of uncertainty and leverage trust between worldwide productive agents 4. Harmonizing tools and methods used in R & D
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EVALUASI TERKAIT DENGAN Standards and Patent (IPR) In Tech –Products Life Cycle Examples : Organic Food
STANDARDS
Product Specification Standard On Farming Process : Standard Certification (Labbellng)
PATENTS & Other IPR
Off Farm ProcessProducts : IPR Patent IPR Trade mark
Beberapa hal penting dalam menjamin mutu dan ketelusuran Hasil Riset • Kejelasan dan kehandalan Referensi metoda yang dikembangkan • Validasi untuk metoda yang baru dikembangkan • Menuju ketelusuran alat ukur (kalibrasi) dan bahan kimia acuan untuk metoda analisa. • Perlu dikembangkan sistem insentif untuk meningkatkan sarana dan prasanan penelitian terkait ketelusuran. • Seandainya di laboratorium belum tersedia, bisa dilakukan minimal dengan menggunakan lab lain terakreditasi (terkalibrasi) pada saat pengukuran akhir • Perlu dikembangkan standard khusus untuk lab khusus (stem Cell dll), dan standard penanganan mikroba patogen, penanganan limbah 22
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