Luk´ aˇs R˚ uˇziˇ cka
Pˇredbudouc´ı ˇ cas
Pˇredbudouc´ı ˇcas aneb Perfektn´ı budoucnost. Luk´aˇs R˚ uˇziˇcka
2013
Luk´ aˇs R˚ uˇziˇ cka
Pˇredbudouc´ı ˇ cas
Pˇredminul´y ˇcas
Pˇredbudouc´ı ˇcas se v angliˇctinˇe naz´yv´a Future Perfect. Pouˇz´ıv´ame jej tehdy, potˇrebujeme-li jasnˇe vyj´adˇrit, ˇze nˇejak´y dˇej probˇehl jeˇstˇe dˇr´ıve neˇz budouc´ı dˇej, o kter´em hovoˇr´ıme. Pod´ıvejme se na jeho tvoˇren´ı:
WILL HAVE + V + ed (3. tvar) ⇒ Ved3 She WILL HAVE PLAYED chess.
Luk´ aˇs R˚ uˇziˇ cka
Pˇredbudouc´ı ˇ cas
Funkce pˇredbudouc´ıho ˇcasu
Pˇredbudouc´ı ˇcas m´a n´asleduj´ıc´ı funkce: 1
dˇej probˇehl a skonˇcil jeˇstˇe pˇred dˇejem v budoucnosti
2
dˇej zaˇcal v pˇredminulosti a pokraˇcuje do budoucnosti
3
dˇej zaˇcal a skonˇcil v pˇredminulosti, ale m´a n´asledky v budoucnosti
M´a tedy podobn´e funkce jako pˇredpˇr´ıtomn´y ˇcas, ale jsou posunuty o jednu ˇcasovou rovinu dopˇredu.
Luk´ aˇs R˚ uˇziˇ cka
Pˇredbudouc´ı ˇ cas
Ilustrace pˇredbudouc´ıho ˇcasu
Pomoc´ı pˇredbudouc´ıho ˇcasu m˚ uˇzeme vyj´adˇrit dˇej, kter´y probˇehl a skonˇcil dˇr´ıve neˇz nastala budoucnost, jako napˇr´ıklad
nebo dˇej, kter´y zaˇcal dˇr´ıve neˇz v budoucnosti a pokraˇcoval do budoucnosti
Luk´ aˇs R˚ uˇziˇ cka
Pˇredbudouc´ı ˇ cas
Pouˇzit´ı
1
Pˇredbudouc´ı ˇcas se pouˇz´ıv´a t´emˇeˇr v´yhradnˇe ve spojen´ı s budouc´ım ˇcasem pˇr´ıpadnˇe v ˇcasov´em souvˇet´ı spolu s pˇr´ıtomn´ym ˇcasem.
2
Jinak totiˇz nem´a opodstatnˇen´ı a m˚ uˇzeme jej nahradit budouc´ım ˇcasem.
When you come home, the dinner will have been cooked.
Luk´ aˇs R˚ uˇziˇ cka
Pˇredbudouc´ı ˇ cas
Pˇr´ıklady 1
I will have never seen such a beautiful beach when I go to Kauai.
2
I will not have any money because I will have given my wallet to my wife.
3
Tony will know Istanbul very well because he will have visited the city several times by that time.
4
Will have Susan studied Thai before she goes to Thailand?
5
She will only understand the movie because she will have read the book.
6
We will have had that car for ten years by next year.
7
By the time Alex finishes his studies, he will have been in London for over eight years.
8
They will feel bad about selling the house because they will have owned it for more than forty years by then. Luk´ aˇs R˚ uˇziˇ cka
Pˇredbudouc´ı ˇ cas
Cviˇcen´ı 1 – Doplˇnte pˇredbudouc´ı ˇcas
1
I (leave) by six.
2
He (finish) the report by the deadline.
3
When (we/do) everything?
4
She (finish) her exams by then, so we can go out for dinner.
5
You (read) the book before the next class.
6
She (not/finish) work by seven.
7
When (you/complete) the work?
8
They (arrive) by dinner time.
9
We (be) in London for three years next week.
10
(she/get) home by lunch time?
Luk´ aˇs R˚ uˇziˇ cka
Pˇredbudouc´ı ˇ cas
ˇ sen´ı 1 – Doplˇnte pˇredbudouc´ı ˇcas Reˇ
1
I will have left by six.
2
He will have finished the report by the deadline.
3
When will we have done everything?
4
She will have finished her exams by then, so we can go out for dinner.
5
You will have read the book before the next class.
6
She will have not finished work by seven.
7
When will you have completed the work?
8
They will have arrived by dinner time.
9
We will have been in London for three years next week.
10
will she have got home by lunch time?
Luk´ aˇs R˚ uˇziˇ cka
Pˇredbudouc´ı ˇ cas
Cviˇcen´ı 2 – Doplˇnte pˇredbudouc´ı ˇcas
1
(you/do) everything by seven?
2
We (not/eat) before we come, so we’ll be hungry.
3
(he/finish) his exams when we go on holiday?
4
(we/arrive) by the time it gets dark?
5
How long (you/know) your boyfriend when you get married?
6
He (not/complete) the project by July.
7
I (not/finish) the essay by the weekend.
8
Why (she/finish) the cleaning by six?
9
How long (you/be) in this company when you retire?
10
They (not/go) at six.
Luk´ aˇs R˚ uˇziˇ cka
Pˇredbudouc´ı ˇ cas
ˇ sen´ı 2 – Doplˇnte pˇredbudouc´ı ˇcas Reˇ
1
Will you have done everything by seven?
2
We will have not eaten before we come, so we’ll be hungry.
3
Will he have finished his exams when we go on holiday?
4
Will we have arrived by the time it gets dark?
5
How long will you have known your boyfriend when you get married?
6
He will not have completed the project by July.
7
I will have not finished the essay by the weekend.
8
Why will she have finished the cleaning by six?
9
How long will you have been in this company when you retire?
10
They will have not gone at six.
Luk´ aˇs R˚ uˇziˇ cka
Pˇredbudouc´ı ˇ cas
Prohl´aˇsen´ı
Prohlaˇsuji, ˇze tento uˇcebn´ı materi´al je m´ym duˇsevn´ım vlastnictv´ım, vˇcetnˇe veˇsker´e grafiky. Uˇcebn´ı materi´al byl vytvoˇren pomoc´ı leg´aln´ıho software: Operaˇcn´ı syst´em Archlinux S´azec´ı syst´em LATEX 2ε Vektorov´y program Inkscape Mgr. Luk´aˇs R˚ uˇziˇcka, 2013.
Luk´ aˇs R˚ uˇziˇ cka
Pˇredbudouc´ı ˇ cas
