Brno University of Technology Faculty of Mechanical Engineering The Institute of Manufacturing Technology
LESSON 5 Technical Description
Authors:
Ing. Miroslav PÍŠKA, PhD., Associate Professor
[email protected]
Ing. Petra CIHLÁŘOVÁ
[email protected]
Bc. Michael Lars George HILL
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Obsah 1 Terms, Vocabulary
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2 Examples
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3 Exercises
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4 References
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Terms, Vocabulary 1)
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5)
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Machinery apparatus appliance device engine equipment instrument machine mechanism motor plant set unit Outward appearance colour dimension shape size surface weight Main parts body bottom case (or casing) cover frame side wall Components (details, parts) front part rear part moving part stationary part spares Useful verbs a) consists of comprise contain incorporate b) house encase c) arrange couple to spojit, svázat, spřáhnout fit mount on provide with
stroje, strojní zařízení přístroj, zařízení, stroj zařízení, přístroj, přípravek přístroj, zařízení motor zařízení, výstroj, výzbroj přístroj, nástroj (měřící) stroj mechanismus, ústrojí motor, elektromotor zařízení, závod, továrna soustrojí, agregát, souprava, sada agregát, zařízení, stroj, jednotka vnější vzhled barva rozměr tvar, profil velikost, rozměr povrch váha hlavní části těleso, tělo, karoserie dno, spodek skříň, pouzdro, plášť, kryt víko, poklop, příklop, kryt, plášť rám, kostra, stojan boční stěna součásti, části přední část zadní část pohyblivá část pevná část náhradní díly skládat se z čeho obsahovat, zahrnovat obsahovat zamontovat, zahrnovat obsahovat zapouzdřit, obložit, dát do krabice uspořádat, upravit, sestavit vybavit, opatřit čím, montovat namontovat, připevnit opatřit čím, vybavit
Examples
LESSON 5 - TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION 1. New machinery is to be installed in the modernized factory. This apparatus takes up a minimum of the panel space. This appliance is so compact that space is never a problem; the whole unit occupies scarcely more than two square feet of desk space. A boiler is a device used for producing high-pressure steam. The internal combustion engine, like a steam engine, has a piston, a connecting rod and a crankshaft. The whole piece of equipment is so light and compact that lifting and moving it is no trouble at all. Several versions of this type of instrument are commercially available. 2. The machine is built of standardized components mostly held together by bolts. An aeroplane may 3
be roughly described as a heavier-than-air flying machine. On the top of the cigarette lighter is a simple mechanism for making a flame. The speed reduction gear may be either mounted separately or made integral with the motor. The new plant is solidly constructed for providing satisfactory performance. The control panel of the set is near the operator’s right hand, within easy range of vision and is suitable for finger-tip operation. This unit consists of approximately equal halves. 3. A red colour would impair the attractive appearance of the equipment. The apparatus is finished in an attractive shade of grey enamel. Attractive appearance and compact dimensions are the main features of the new air heater. The outside edges of the legs are rounded. The surface of the scrap baling press was painted green. The outer surfaces of the motors is finished. Such a coil will be rectangular in shape and light in weight. 4. The customer was shown that the principal parts of the machine were interchangeable. The two halves of the case were bolted together. The body of the motor is of cast iron. The engine is housed in a steel case and is very compact. The cover is easily removable to facilitate maintenance. The feet are an integral part of the frame. Both the inner surface and the outer wall are coated with enamel. 5. Dial indicators are grouped on the front part of the control panel. The outlet pipes are brought out through holes in the rear part. The centrifugal mechanism is simple in design and has few moving parts. With the exception of components such as the bedplate, the crankshaft, the cylinder housing, etc., all the moving parts are interchangeable. A comprehensive range of spares is held ready at our service depots for quick dispatch. Any necessary spare parts will be supplied without delay. 6. The steam turbine consists of the following main parts: nozzles, blades, rotating shaft and casing. The accumulator consists basically of two lead plates in a vessel filled with dilute sulphuric acid. The rotor comprises a shaft, on which thick steel plates are shrunk and keyed. The boiler contains banks of tubes heated on their exterior by the hot gases of combustion. The base of the device is a light alloy casting and incorporates the mains on/off switch. The latest model of the machine incorporates built-in automatic controls, which substantially increase its reliability. The small panel houses all the instruments required for running the turbines. The capillary tube is encased in an outer protecting tube. These types of diesel engines have twelve vertical cylinders arranged in two parallel rows. The flywheel is coupled to a crankshaft by high-tensile bolts. Eye bolts are fitted to facilitate easy lifting. The turbine and the reduction gear are mounted on a common bed plate. Bearings are provided on each side of the rotor. The new car may be provided with a radio-set or a tape recorder depending on the customer’s preference. Vocabulary notes: Standardized - normalizovaný; speed reduction gear - převodové ústrojí do pomala, redukční převod; contol panel - ovládací panel, ovládací deska;, inpair - poškodit, zhoršit; finned - žebrovaný; coil - cívka; rectangular - obdélníkový, pravoúhlý; dial indicator - číselníkový indikátor; outlet pipe - výtoková trubka; interchangeable - výměnný, vyměnitelný; dilute sulphuric acid - zředěná kyselina sírová; to shrink - smrštit se; keyed - zaklínovaný, upevněný klínem; bank of tubes - skupina, svazek trubek; combustion - spalování; mains on/off switch - síťový vypínač; controls - řízení; capillary tube - kapilára, kapilární trubice; high-tensile bolt - šroub vysoké pevnosti; eye bolt - svorník s okem, závěsný šroub
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Exercises
I. Translate the following words and build short sentences using each of them: Cooperation, coordinate, coaxial, co-editor; international, interdepartmental, interlocking, interchangeable, interconnected, intercommunication, interstage, interatomic; miscalculation, misprint, misunderstanding, misuse, misinformation, misapplication, misfire, malfunction, wrong adjustment, mis-run casting. II. Form pairs of expressions of similar meaning: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.
all-purpose machine bottom part brittle part circular form replacement parts double-stage pump high stack
a) b) c) d) e) f) g)
wedge-shaped belt tall chimney round shape two-stage pump upper part upright position fragile component 4
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
... ... ... ... ... ... ...
8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15.
heat-resisting brick overall length exterior of the device vertical position top part V-belt single-pole machine dismounted cover
h) i) j) k) l) m) n) o)
general-purpose machine spare parts removed lid mono-polar machine refractory brick outside of the apparatus total length lower part
8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
III. Translate the following expressions: Conventional type, associated equipment, plastic bottom, considerably reinforced walls, closed on three sides, up-to-date design, pocket-size radio set, two-stage steam turbine, mounted on the same shaft, the injection pumps operated by a camshaft, flow indicator, the built-in reduction gear, vertically mounted, unit-built panel, insulation layer, motor-car replacement parts, versatility and adaptability, amazing quality, motorized film advance, reusable film magazine, space-saving printed wiring, compactness, the latest type. Jack-of-all-trades. IV. Build sentences from the following expressions and phrases: Simplicity of design, units of all sizes, special accessories for, a cable-connected set, vertical shaft, the necessary spares, control panel, a vacuum box of corrugated sheet, at the flywheel end of the machine, semiautomatic starter, placed directly behind, an instrument for pressure indicating, the measuring instrument based upon the principle of, attractively styled reliability and efficiency, superb capabilities, alarm signal light, control panel, audible signal, visual signals, to possess significantly different characteristics. V. Complete the following sentences: 1. This device has all the features of an automatic. . . 2. These tongs are provided with special handles . . . 3. The compactness and reliability of the machine . . . 4. Apart from minor changes to a wider range of colours, the only improvement. . . 5. Additionally we can supply . . . 6. The oil gauge is located at the top of . . . 7. Such a device would consist essentially of. . . 8. The spacecraft accommodated a complicated mechanism . . . 9. The measuring instruments built into the control . . . 10. The accessories of a cat should comprise . . . 11. Because of severe weight and space restrictions . . . 12. The diameter of the encased pipe is smaller than . . . 13. This weight limitation may be obviated by the use of . . . 14. Hermetically sealed measuring instruments . . . 15. Small units were preferred to large ones . . . VI. Translate the following words: Engine - engineer - engineering - engined - engineless; to equip - equipped - equipment - re-equipped; to appear - appearance - to disappear - apparent - apparently; colour - coloured - colourable - colourless colouring - colourant - decolourant - decolourised; case - casing - cased - encased; to consist - consistent consistence; change - changeable - exchange - exchangeability - changeless - interchange - interchangeable; to describe - descriptive - description - transcribe - transcription; to incorporate - corporation - incorporated; integral - integrate . integration - integrity - disintegrated - disintegration; to attract - attraction - attractive - distracted - distraction; to provide - provided providing - provision - provisional. VII. Arrange the following expressions into pairs of words of opposite meaning:
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1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15.
bright finish bare conductor complicated mechanism crawler tractor compression spring empty container front view inside diameter motion picture camera external measurements low-speed machine general-purpose machine dark shade integral part conventional device
a) b) c) d) e) f) g) h) i) j) k) l) m) n) o)
removable component high-speed machine tension spring still camera internal dimensions dull finish unique apparatus rear view light shade single-purpose machine insulated conductor wheel tractor full tank outside diameter simple mechanism
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
VIII. Translate the following expressions into English: Průměrná velikost, vzhledově podobný, stručný popis, zvukotěsné stěny, malá spotřeba paliva, přístrojový panel, svařovaný ocelový plášť, vnitřek stroje, automobily různých typů, základní součásti, pozoruhodná přesnost, vynikající vzhled, válcovitý zásobník, výrobek vynikající jakosti, uspořádání válců, zcela uzavřený na všech stranách, na samém vrchu, široký sortiment tvarů, snímatelná hlava válce, celkové uspořádání, vyleštěný povrch, pryžová zátka, vnitřní stěny nádrže, vnitřní rozměry, několikastupňový raketa, v různých barevných kombinacích, jednostupňový kompresor, ručně ovládaný nástroj. IX. Explain the meaning of the following expressions: Standard set of spare parts, unrivalled for fuel economy, a removable door, turbine stator blades, oil-level gauge, key components, radio-controlled instruments, indicator needle, exit end of the continuous furnace, a glass-enclosed device, embedded in the lining, instantly portable apparatus, automatic self-adjusting machine, ideally suited for a smaller office, selection of optional accessories, readily interchangeable, high-precision instrument, speed control knob, visual automatic indicator, mechanically actuated, push-button actuation. X. Answer the following questions: 1. Can you describe the equipment, machine, or apparatus manufactured at your plant? 2. What is the purpose of a removable arrangement of parts on a machine? 3. What is the difference between a bolt and a screw? 4. Can you describe an internal combustion engine? 5. What parts do we call interchangeable? 6. What is the purpose of a compact design? 7. Why do all important parts have to be accessible? 8. What is the purpose of an attractive appearance of a car? 9. Can you give a technical description of the desk you are sitting at? 10. What is the difference between an engine and a motor? XI. Translate the following sentences into English: 1. Transformátor se skládá z jádra a dvojího, navzájem mezi sebou izolovaného vinutí. 2. Stroje tohoto typu by měly být vybaveny kuličkovými ložisky. 3. Plášť motoru bude vyroben z elektricky svařovaných plechů. 4. Sací a výfukový ventil je umístěn v hlavě válce. 5. Poškozené části tohoto obráběcího stroje mají být nahrazeny novými.
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6. Tento přístroj by měl svou velikostí a výkonem konkurovat standardním typům na trhu. 7. Hlavní výhoda nového automobile spočívá v jeho nízké spotřebě paliva. 8. Tento agregát je pozoruhodný z mnoha důvodů, především pro svůj unikátní ovládací systém. 9. Náš přístroj vyhovuje náročným požadavkům moderní laboratoře. 10. Stručný popis nového přístroje najdete na následujících stranách. XII. Colloquial responses
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
A Can you lend me L100? Ive eaten too much. I feel ill. Where were you last night? I think Id rather go to a pub. Ill pay you back soon. Why dont you do some work? I insist on doing it like this. Wheres Ann tonight? Ive borrowed your coat. Its very cold, but Im going for a walk.
a) b) c) d) e) f) g) h) i) j)
B Serves you right. OK. Suit yourself. Thatĺl be the day. You must be joking. Mind your own business. Have it your own way. How should I know? I like that! Rather you than me. I can’t be bothered.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
XIII. Disease, illness, sickness, injury To feel unwell, chemists, drugs, cure, casualty, to fall ill, hurt, physician, headache, kill, painkiller, symptom, to sprain an ankle, shiver, fever, tonsillitis, insomnia, bruise, recovery, to fill a tooth, dentist, faint, breathe, sheer heart attack, bilious attack, aspirin, brain concussion, epidemic, infection, fatal, finger, relieve, headache, throat, stomach, vomit, jaundice, diarrhoea, wound, my stomach is upset, treatment, first aid kit, bandage, sticking tape, plaster of Paris, fracture, fixation, crutches, swallow, swell blister, to cut someone’s finger, tumour, gash, pharmacy, frostbite, vomit, cough, itch, to loose consciousness, burn, hospital, emergency, health insurance.
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References
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