PROJEK AKHIR ARSITEKTUR Periode LXVII, Semester Genap, Tahun 2013/2014
LANDASAN TEORI DAN PROGRAM REVITALISASI KOMPLEK STAILAN DAN SEKITARNYA DI KAWASAN KOTA LAMA SEMARANG SEBAGAI SARANA REKREASI PENDIDIKAN Tema Desain: Composing the past, present & future
Fokus Kajian: Harmonisasi Antara Bangunan Baru dan Bangunan Lama dengan Metoda Infill Design Diajukan untuk memenuhi sebagian persyaratan memperoleh gelar Sarjana Teknik Arsitektur Disusun oleh: Auri Evan Pramana
11.11.0098
Dosen Pembimbing: Ir. Yulita Titik S., MT
PROGRAM STUDI ARSITEKTUR FAKULTAS ARSITEKTUR DAN DESAIN UNIVERSITAS KATOLIK SOEGIJAPRANATA April 2015
DAFTAR ISI DAFTAR ISI......................................................................................................... ii DAFTAR GAMBAR ............................................................................................ vi DAFTAR TABEL............................................................................................... viii BAB I .................................................................................................................. 2 PENDAHULUAN ................................................................................................ 2 1.1.
Latar Belakang Proyek ............................................................................ 2
1.2.
Tujuan dan Sasaran Proyek .................................................................... 5
1.2.1.
Tujuan Proyek .................................................................................. 5
1.2.2.
Sasaran Pembahasan ...................................................................... 5
1.3.
Lingkup Pembahasan .............................................................................. 5
1.3.1.
Lingkup Substansial ......................................................................... 5
1.3.2.
Lingkup Spatial ................................................................................. 6
1.4.
Metoda Pembahasan............................................................................... 6
1.4.1.
Metoda Pengumpulan Data .............................................................. 6
A.
Metoda Pengumpulan Primer .............................................................. 6
B.
Metoda Pengumpulan Sekunder .......................................................... 7
1.4.2.
Metoda Penyusunan dan Analisa ..................................................... 7
1.4.3.
Metoda Pemprograman .................................................................... 8
1.4.4.
Metoda Perancangan Arsitektur ....................................................... 8
1.5.
Sistematika Pembahasan ........................................................................ 8
BAB II ............................................................................................................... 11 TINJAUAN PROYEK ........................................................................................ 11 2.1.
Tinjauan Umum ..................................................................................... 11
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2.1.1.
Gambaran Umum ........................................................................... 11
A.
Kawasan Kota Lama Semarang ........................................................ 11
B.
Cagar Budaya – Konservasi .............................................................. 12
C.
Skenario Kawasan Kota Lama Semarang ......................................... 13
2.1.2.
Latar Belakang – Perkembangan – Tren ........................................ 20
2.1.3.
Sasaran yang akan Dicapai ............................................................ 21
2.2.
Tinjauan Khusus .................................................................................... 21
2.2.1.
Terminologi ..................................................................................... 21
A.
Revitalisasi ......................................................................................... 21
B.
Komplek Stailan ................................................................................. 22
C.
Rekreasi Pendidikan .......................................................................... 23
2.2.2.
Kegiatan ......................................................................................... 24
2.2.3.
Spesifikasi dan Persyaratan Desain ............................................... 24
A.
Arsitektur ............................................................................................ 24
B.
Bangunan........................................................................................... 25
C.
Lingkungan ........................................................................................ 26
2.2.4.
Deskripsi Konteks ........................................................................... 27
A.
Tinjauan Khusus Kota Semarang....................................................... 27
B.
Urgency – Relevancy Proyek ............................................................. 29
C.
Urban Issue ........................................................................................ 29
2.2.5.
Proyek Sejenis................................................................................ 30
A.
Re-use Bangunan Cagar Budaya Benteng Vrendeburg .................... 30
B.
Infill Design pada The Louvre Museum .............................................. 32
C.
Taman Pintar Yogyakarta sebagai Sarana Rekreasi Pendidikan ....... 34
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2.2.6. 2.3.
Permasalan Desain ........................................................................ 35
Kesimpulan, Batasan dan Anggapan .................................................... 36
2.3.1.
Kesimpulan ..................................................................................... 36
2.3.2.
Batasan .......................................................................................... 36
2.3.3.
Anggapan ....................................................................................... 37
BAB III .............................................................................................................. 38 ANALISA PENDEKATAN PROGRAM ARSITEKTUR ...................................... 38 3.1.
Analisa Pendekatan Kawasan ............................................................... 38
3.1.1.
Analisa Skenario Perencanaan Kawasan ....................................... 39
3.1.2.
Analisa Kondisi Sistem Sarana dan Prasarana .............................. 40
3.2.
Analisa Pendekatan Masing-Masing Fungsi .......................................... 42
3.2.1.
Analisa Pendekatan Arsitektur........................................................ 42
A.
Studi Aktifitas ..................................................................................... 42
B.
Studi Fasilitas ..................................................................................... 51
3.2.2.
Analisa Pendekatan Sistem Bangunan .......................................... 58
A.
Studi Sistem Struktur ......................................................................... 58
B.
Studi Sistem Utilitas ........................................................................... 63
BAB IV .............................................................................................................. 68 PROGRAM ARSITEKTUR ............................................................................... 68 4.1.
Program Kawasan ................................................................................. 68
4.1.1.
Konsep Program............................................................................. 68
4.1.2.
Tujuan Perancangan, Penentu Perancangan, Persyaratan
Perancangan ................................................................................................ 69 4.1.3.
Skenario Program Kawasan ........................................................... 70
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4.2.
Program Masing-Masing Fungsi ............................................................ 71
4.2.1.
Program Kegiatan........................................................................... 71
4.2.2.
Program Sistem Struktur ................................................................ 71
4.2.3.
Program Sistem Utilitas .................................................................. 73
4.2.4.
Program Tapak Kawasan ............................................................... 74
BAB V ............................................................................................................... 76 KAJIAN TEORI ................................................................................................. 76 5.1.
Kajian Teori Tema Desain ..................................................................... 76
5.1.1.
Latar Belakang Penekanan Desain ................................................ 76
5.1.2.
Studi Preseden ............................................................................... 77
5.1.3.
Kemungkinan Penerapan ............................................................... 77
5.2.
Kajian Teori Permasalahan Dominan .................................................... 78
5.2.1.
Latar Belakang Permasalahan Dominan ........................................ 78
5.2.2.
Studi Preseden Permasalahan Dominan ........................................ 78
5.2.3.
Kemungkinan Penerapan Teori Permasalahan Dominan............... 78
DAFTAR PUSTAKA ......................................................................................... 80 LAMPIRAN ....................................................................................................... 81 Sumber: Grand Desain KKLS 2011.................................................................. 82
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DAFTAR GAMBAR Gb.1.2 Tempat perdagangan jasa ...................................................................... 3 Gb.1.1 Ketinggian yang tersisa .......................................................................... 3 Gb. 2.1 KKLS ................................................................................................... 11 Gb. 2.2. Green Design ..................................................................................... 14 Gb. 2.3. Lokasi Gate ........................................................................................ 15 Gb. 2.4. Desain Gate ........................................................................................ 15 Gb 2.5: Traffic System ...................................................................................... 16 Gb.2.6 Pusat Kebudayaan ............................................................................... 17 Gb.2.7 Rencana Taman Srigunting .................................................................. 18 Gb.2.8 Rencana Van Dorp ............................................................................... 19 Gb.2.9 Rencana Jalan Kedasih ........................................................................ 20 Gb.2.10 Komplek Stailan .................................................................................. 22 Gb.2.11 Kampung Melayu ................................................................................ 27 Gb.2.12 Kampung Kauman .............................................................................. 27 Gb.2.13 Kampung Pecinan .............................................................................. 27 Gb.2.14 Kampung Belanda .............................................................................. 27 Gb.2.14 Benteng Vrendeburg........................................................................... 30 Gb.2.15 Bagian dalam benteng ........................................................................ 32 Gb.2.16 Louvre Pyramid .................................................................................. 32 Gb.2.17 Material kaca ...................................................................................... 34 Gb.2.18 Taman Pintar ...................................................................................... 34 Gb. 3.1 Parkir Bersama ................................................................................... 40 Gb. 3.2 Diagram Struktur Pengelola................................................................. 45
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Gb.3.3 Kegiatan Direktur .................................................................................. 48 Gb.3.4 Kegiatan Sekretaris .............................................................................. 49 Gb.3.5 Kegiatan Manager ................................................................................ 49 Gb.3.6 Kegiatan Bagian Eksternal ................................................................... 50 Gb.3.7 Kegiatan Bagian Eksternal ................................................................... 50 Gb. 3.8 Bentuk Atap yang Unik ........................................................................ 60 Gb. 3.9 Denah Bangunan ................................................................................. 61 Gb. 3.10 Alur Drainage Semarang ................................................................... 65 Gb. 3.11 Alur Grey Water ................................................................................. 66 Gb.4.2 Bangunan Pada Site ............................................................................. 71
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DAFTAR TABEL Tabel 3.1 Analisa SWOT Site ........................................................................... 38 Tabel 3.2 Pengelompokan Pelaku .................................................................... 46 Tabel 3.3 Pendekatan Pelaku Pengelola ......................................................... 46 Tabel 3.4 Studi Pelaku ..................................................................................... 51 Tabel 3.5 Studi Besaran Ruang ....................................................................... 52 Tabel 3.6 Kebutuhan Parkir .............................................................................. 56
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