“Geothermal Development Program and Status in Indonesia”
Dr. Surya Darma Indonesia Geothermal Association (INAGA) & Indonesia Renewable Energy Society (METI - IRES) Argeo C6, Addis Ababa November 2016
Outline • Indonesia Energy condition • Geothermal Energy Status • National Energy Policy • National Energy Mix Target • Development Plan • Geothermal & RE Road Map and Strategy
Indonesia Energy Condition
Current energy conditions • Energy supply in Indonesia is still dominated by fossil fuel • Not all of Indonesians have enjoyed electricity; electrification ratio is only about 84% • Due to energy crisis, Indonesia government has to prioritize fossil based energy compared to renewable, since fossil based energy takes shorter time for deployment • Implications: energy sector will become the major source of emission after 2020
ELECTRICITY CONDITION Persentage of installed capacity
Total Installed Capacity:
53.585 MW (PLN: 37.280 MW, IPP: 10.995 MW, PPU: 2.634 MW, IO Non BBM: 2.677 MW) Persentase Pemakaian Listrik Per-golongan
Power Consumption
Power Production*)
199 TWh
228 TWh
Electrification Ratio
84,35%
Persentage of Energy Mix Hydro Others 0.4% Diesel Geother 6.5% 11.7% mal Gas 4.4% 24.2% Coal 52.8%
Power Condition (March 2015)
Total System Indonesia = 24 System (5 Normal; 14 Emergency; and 5 Deficit)
*)
Hanya PLN dan IPP
Note: Normal = Reserve > 20%; Emergency = Reserve < 1 5 the Biggest Unit ; Deficit = Black out partially
Geothermal Energy Status
Current Geothermal Reserves & Installed Status 1. Geothermal Power Plant Installed Capacity
1.493,5 MW New 4 Geothermal PP COD around 215 MW (Ulubelu 55 MW, Sarulla 110 MW, Lahendong 20 MW, Karaha Bodas 30 MW)
Rp
2. State Revenue (non-tax) Rp. 518 billion
(82,2% from Rp. 630 billion, target in 2016 )
Resources 12,386 MW Reserves16,524 MW Total Potential 28,910 MW
3. Resources : 12,386 MW and Reserves : 16,524 MW
Total Potential : 28,910 MW 7
GEOTHERMAL ISNTALLED CAPACITY No.
WKP, Location
Power Plant
Developer/ Operator
Turbine Unit
Capasity Total (MW)
1
Sibayak – Sinabung, SUMUT
1
Sibayak
PT. Pertamina Geothermal Energy
1 x 10 MW; 2 MW monoblok)
2
Cibeureum – Parabakti, JABAR
2
Salak
Chevron Geothermal Salak, Ltd
3 x 60 MW; 3 x 65,6 MW
377,0
3
Wayang Windu
Star Energy Geothermal Wayang Windu
1 x 110 MW; 1 x 117 MW
227,0
4
Patuha
PT Geo Dipa Energi
1 x 55 MW
55,0
235,0
3
4
Pangalengan, JABAR
12,0
5
Kamojang
PT. Pertamina Geothermal Energy
1 x 30 MW; 2 x 55 MW; 1 x 60MW 1 x 35 MW
6
Darajat
Chevron Geothermal Indonesia, Ltd
1 x 55 MW; 1 x 94 MW; 1 x 121 MW
270,0
PT. Geo Dipa Energi
1 x 60 MW
60,0
4 x 20 MW
80,0
3 x 55 MW
165,0
Kamojang – Darajat, JABAR
5
Dataran Tinggi Dieng, JATENG
7
Dieng
6
Lahendong – Tompaso, SULUT
8
Lahendong
7
Waypanas, LAMPUNG
9
Ulubelu
8
Ulumbu, NTT
10
Ulumbu
PT. PLN (Persero)
4 x 2,5 MW
10,0
9
Mataloko, NTT
11
Mataloko
PT. PLN (Persero)
1 x 2,5 MW
2,5
TOTAL
PT. Pertamina Geothermal Energy PT. Pertamina Geothermal Energy
1.493,5
INVESTMENT 1st semester 2016 : 0,87 billion USD
1. Geothermal Investment
2016 target
: 1,37 billion USD
0.56 billion USD (58.3% of target 0.96 billion USD)
2. Renewable Investment 0.018 billion USD (18% of target 0.1 billion USD)
3. Bioenergy Investment 0.298 billion USD (94.7% of target 0.31 billion USD) 9
National Energy Policy
National Energy Policy Principles 1.
Maximize renewable energy utilization;
2.
Optimize gas and new energy utilization;
3.
Minimize oil utilization.
4.
Utilization of coal as the main national energy supply;
5.
Utilization of Nuclear Power Plant as the last Paragraph (2) of article 11 Government Regulation Number 79 Year 2014 option. concerning National Energy Policy (KEN)
11
National Energy Mix Target
TARGET OF NATIONAL ENERGY MIX TARGET RUEN 2050
24 %
New and Renewable Energy Oil Gas Coal
25 %
TARGET RUEN 2025
22 % 30 2025 23 % 412 MTOE %
CURRENT CONDITION
25 %
26%
2015 166 MTOE 46%
23%
5%
2050 1.030 MTOE 20 %
31 %
Target of RE in 2025 Note: NRE = New & Renewable Energy Energy elasticity < 1 Optimize use of RE Electricity: • 60% Fossil (68.2 GW), 40% RE (46.8 GW) • Total Demand: 115 GW by 2025
Need a leapfrog to meet NRE contribution in energy mix from 5% in 2016 to 23% in 2025: possible?
Development Plan
Geothermal Development Status
Direktorat Jenderal Energi Baru, Terbarukan dan Konservasi Energi Kementerian Energi dan Sumber Daya Mineral
EKSPLOITATION: 9 WKP (1.403,5 MW) Under Going: 17 WKP (1.930 MW)
EXPLORATION: 30 WKP ( 3.205 MW)
67 WKP (6.198,5 MW)
Expected produce: 3.370 MW
Stagnant: 13 WKP (1.275 MW)
Under process License: 2 WKP (165 MW) Ministry Regulation 17/2014 to Accelerate 13
Bidding Process: 26 WKP (1.425 MW)
Stagnant WKP)
Development plans Geothermal Growth (Cumulative MW) 12,000
10,000
8,000
Low estimate: • Number of developments is similar to MEMR plan, but • Size of some individual projects is smaller and some are delayed
6,000
4,000
2,000
Low estimate
MEMR
PLN
2024
2023
2022
2021
2020
2019
2018
2017
2016
2015
2014
2013
2012
2011
2010
2009
2008
2007
2006
2005
2004
2003
2002
2001
2000
1999
1998
1997
1996
1995
1994
1993
1992
1991
1990
1989
1988
1987
1986
1985
1984
1983
0 Roadmap
17
Development plans, cont. Number of Power Projects 60
50
40
30
20
10
0 1983
1988
1993
Annual build MEMR
1998
2003
Annual build low estimate
2008
MEMR
2013
2018
Low Estimate
18
Geothermal & RE Road Map and Strategies
GEOTHERMAL BUSINESS ACTIVITIES AND PROCESS Pasal 17 ayat (4)
Pemerintah/ Pemerintah Daerah/ Badan Usaha Government/ Local Government/ Business Entity
Pemerintah/ Badan Usaha Government/ Business Entity
Badan Usaha
Badan Usaha
Badan Usaha
Business Entity
Business Entity
Business Entity
Pemanfaatan Potensi Panas Bumi Geothermal Potential
Utilization
Survey Pendahuluan
Preliminary Survey
Eksplorasi Exploration
Eksplorasi Exploration 3G Geophysic Geochemical Geologic
Sumur uji Deliniation well
Sumur eksplorasi Exploration well
Paling lama 5 tahun + 1 tahun + 1 tahun Maximum 5 years + 1 year + 1 year
Studi Kelayakan
Eksploitasi Exploitation
Feasibility Study Sumur pengembangan & injeksi
Pemb. fasiltas lap & penunjangnya Steamfield & supporting facilities
Dev’t & Injection well
Ijin Panas Bumi
30Years Maximum 30 years
Geothermal License WILAYAH KERJA PANAS BUMI
Operasi produksi Production operation
RE Roadmap and Strategies 2015-2025 Energy type
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2025
Oil
37%
35%
34%
32%
31%
29%
25%
Gas
21%
21%
21%
21%
21%
21%
22%
Coal
33%
33%
34%
35%
36%
36%
30%
RE
10%
10%
11%
12%
13%
14%
23%
TOTAL
100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%
Power 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2025 Plant Geothermal 1.439 1.654 2.004 2.344 2.979 3.804 7.239 PP Hydro/Mini 5.024 5.139 5.266 5.619 7.154 7.735 20.960 /Micro PP Bio PP
1.740 1.886 2.093 2.359 2.674 3.024 5.532
PV PP
79
229
429
679
979
Wind PP
7
57
107
207
307
1.379 6.379 507
1.807
Others
372 1.860 1.860 1.860 1.861 1.863 3.128
TOTAL
8.660 10.842 11.758 13.067 15.953 18.310 45.044
STRATEGY 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
Good governance, clean and accountable; Completing regulations; Business licensed simplification; Creating Incentives; Preserving renewable energy subsidy; Coordinating with ministries/regional government and association; 7. Energy saving campaign; 8. Updating renewable energy data; 9. Enhancing the networking;
+ 36,3 GW electricity from RE Within 10 years 3,6 GW per annum ± Rp. 1.600 trillion needed 21
Development Strategy GOI is actively promote and set up the RE strategy development. Some effort has been done such as:
improving policy and regulation,
creating the market,
subsidy,
feed in tariff,
incentives and facilities,
funding and financial supports, and
developing cooperation with other countries and international institutions.
22
REGULATION TO SUPPORT GEOTHERMAL DEVELOPMENT
Direktorat Jenderal Energi Baru, Terbarukan dan Konservasi Energi Kementerian Energi dan Sumber Daya Mineral
1. Ammandment of the Geothermal Law No.27/2003 to Law No.21/2014; 2. Revise Goernment Regulation No. 59/2007 and GR No. 70/2010 on Geothermal Business; 3. GR No. 79 Year 2014 on NEP; 4. President Regulation No. 4 / 2010 to Mandated Public Utilities - PT. PLN to Accelerate utilie RE; 5. Ministry of Energy Regulation No 11/2008 on Procedure of Geothermal Working Area; No 02/2009 on the Procedure of Preliminary Survey by Private Company; No 11/2009 on Geothermal Business Process and Bidding; No 17/2014 on Geothermal Pricing; No 40/2014 on the List of the Geothermal Project to be
