De PCB kleur is groen is dat genoeg?!

De PCB kleur is groen is dat genoeg?! Hoe garandeer je kwalitatief goede printplaten

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De PCB kleur is groen is dat genoeg?! Agenda  Q.P.I. Group  Een groene printplaat  Principe van fabricage via  Laboratorium Q.P.I.  IPC  Wat kan er mis gaan wat is goed  Conclusie


Q.P.I. Group Q.P.I. Circuits  Levering alle type printplaten  Onderzoekslaboratorium, IQC  Ontwikkeling nieuwe printplaat technologieën  Q.P.I. vestiging in China (Q.P.I. PCB Shenzhen Co. Ltd.) • IQC, Laboratorium, Auditering • CAM and Lay-out

Q.P.I. Electronic Design Automation  PCB Design • Paketten: Zuken CR5000, Cadstar, Visula, Mentor Graphics PADS, Expedition, DX Designer, Altium Designer, Cadence Allegro, Orcad, Encore

 Handmontage prototypen www.qpigroup.com © Q.P.I. GROUP

Een groene printplaat


Een groene printplaat, wat zit er in Multi-layer, 8 lagen Stacked Via

Via

1,6mm

Cu filled Via

Staggered Via

Resin filled Buried via Buried Via

Resin filled Via

Blind Via


Linkedin Finding the Right PWB Supplier for Military Products Selecting a PWB supplier for military products starts with all of the same steps necessary for other industries. There are some additional requirements and added emphases on other requirements. In all cases a financially stable supplier who meets quality and delivery requirements is needed because it is a major disruption when a replacement supplier must be found. In military products this also causes a requalification at considerable cost in dollars and schedule slip. In the past dual sourcing was the answer. In today’s cut throat bidding on contracts this is an unaffordable luxury. You are going to have to get this right the first time. Are they even a military supplier? When all of the consumer goods and most commercial PWB manufacturing went off shore all domestic suppliers decided to specialize in medical and military products since that was all that was left. A high percentage of these converts simply changed their advertising and left the company culture as is. The first thing you need to know is how much of their business is military, space and medical. If the percentage is over 50% you have a fighting chance. The higher that number, the better. Every shop is certified to ISO 9001. Only the serious military shops are certified to AS9100. If they can’t show documentation of ITAR registration, walk away. Some will say they are ITAR compliant, just not registered. Registration is part of ITAR compliance, walk away. Most shops specialize in certain types of products, rigid boards, flex circuits, HDI, easily producible, high volume or low volume. It will be somewhere between difficult and impossible to find one supplier which suites you’re business and all of your product designs. There are appropriate suppliers for each individual board design. Figuring out who they are is the key to avoiding problems. If a complex HDI product is placed with a less capable shop disaster follows. If an easy board is placed with a very high tech shop you will spend too much. I’ll go over that decision process another day.

In the past dual sourcing was the answer. In today’s cut throat bidding on contracts this is an unaffordable luxury. You are going to have to get this right the first time.

When all of the consumer goods and most commercial PWB manufacturing went off shore all domestic suppliers decided to specialize in medical and military products since that was all that was left. A high percentage of these converts simply changed their advertising and left the company culture as is.


Linkedin Did anyone had quality issues with this Chinese Shenzhen supplier - UL Exxxxx lately? Yes, we audited and done business with UL Exxxxx for flex rigid boards. The problem is their mentality towards customers. One should be privileged to even do business with them. They don't take their responsibility regarding quality issues as they don't have the ability to build decent flex rigid boards! Our advise is to stay away from this company as far as possible!


Kwaliteits PCB supplier Hoe vind je je PCB supplier die tegen acceptabele kosten kwaliteits PCB’s levert  In Nederland, in Europa  In China; er zijn meer dan 1000 PCB fabrikanten  In India; er zijn meer dan 350 PCB fabrikanten  Maar ook Korea, Taiwan, USA…


Betrouwbaarheid hoe te garanderen Bekende leverancier Referenties leverancier Hoe ziet het productie process eruit Approvals? Product <-> Productie passen bij elkaar?! Linkedin Specificatie product goed vastleggen If a complex HDI product is placed with a less capable shop  Hoe: functioneel? Of product disaster follows. If an easy board is placedspecificiek with a very high tech shop you willIPC4101/24 spend too much. Arlon 49N


Welke approval is product garantie? IPC  Geen garantie UL Approval  Geen garantie ISO 9001  Geen garantie ISO14001  Geen garantie MIL standard(s)  Maar wil je daarvoor betalen?

ISO TS 16949  Automotive, geen garantie ISO OHAS 18000  Geen garantie Reach  Europese regelgeving ROHS  Europese regelgeving EICC  Arbeidsomstandigheden


TURBO CURSUS PCB MAKEN


Printplaat fabricage Laminaat van de leverancier

Koper FR4 Koper

laminaat leveranciers

Arlon, Bergquist, Doosan, Elite, Goldenmax, Grace, Hitachi, Isola, Iteq, KingBoard, Kuangshun, Laird, Nan Ya, Nelco, NouYa, Panasonic, Rogers, Shengyi, Tatonic, Uniplus, Ventec

WWW.QPIGROUP.COM © Q.P.I. GROUP

Printplaat fabricage Bonden van lagen tot een 6 laags bord Koper folie Pre-preg Koper FR-4 Koper

1 2

Pre-preg

3

Koper FR-4 Koper

4 5

Pre-preg Koper folie

6 Massieve koper folie aan de buiten zijden


Printplaat fabricage Direct metallisatie proces

Koper folie

1

Pre-preg Koper Fr-4 Koper Pre-preg Koper FR-4 Koper Pre-preg Koper folie

2 3 4 5 6

Aanbrengen van grafiet (blijft alleen achter op niet koper)


Printplaat fabricage Electroplaten van koper en tin Plated tin Plated koper Koper folie

1

Pre-preg Koper Fr-4 Koper Pre-preg Koper FR-4 Koper Pre-preg Koper folie Plated koper

2 3 4 5 6

Plated tin


Printplaat fabricage Surface mount pad Soldeermasker Koper

Nikkel/Goud

1

Pre-preg Koper Fr-4 Koper Pre-preg Koper FR-4 Koper Pre-preg Koper

2 3 4 5 6

Soldeermasker Leaded component pad/via


De fabricage Hoe wordt de werkvoorbereiding gedaan Hoe ziet de fabricage eruit Welke machines/processen zijn er

Proces stabiliteit  Hoe is de proces beheersing geregeld  Hoe is de proces controle geregeld


De fabricage (2) Gecontroleerd proces <-> uitsorteerfabriek Product, zijn tolerantie eisen en proces in balans Leveringsbetrouwbaarheid


Processen Fabriceren van PCB’s vereist vele processen      

Werkvoorbereiding Galvano Persen Boren, routen Galvano Oppervlakte behandeling • NiAu, Im. Sn, Im. Ag, OSP

Processen geoutsourced  Is dit goed of is dit slecht?


Processen - proces beheersing Controle in proces Controle achteraf Wordt er SPC toegepast? Statistiek is geen garantie voor goed product! Process windows

Process capability


IPC IPC wat is het IPC: Association Connecting Electronics Industries IPC was founded in 1957 as the Institute for Printed Circuits Het vastleggen van acceptatie, criteria tesmethode door de gehele productieketen van PCB en PCBA.


IPC


Enige IPC standarden IPC-6011 IPC-6012

Generic Performance Standard for Printed Boards

Qualification and Performance Specification for Rigid

Printed Boards

IPC-A-600

Acceptability of Printed Boards

 IPC class 2 of 3 Grote verschillen in acceptatie van toleraties.

IPC-TM-650 IPC-SM-840

Test Methods Manual Qualification and Performance of Permanent Solder

Mask

IPC-2221 Generic Standard on Printed Board Design. IPC-4552/4543/4554: Specifications for finish NiAu/Ag/Sn www.qpigroup.com © Q.P.I. GROUP

Q.P.I. laboratorium IQC, metingen  Visueel • Stereo microscoop • Microscoop • Tagorna inspectie systeem

 Hoofd afmetingen • Calipers

 Koper dikte in via  Laagdikte, finish dikte samenstelling  Destructief – micro sectie  Niet destructief, 3D X-Ray www.qpigroup.com © Q.P.I. GROUP

Q.P.I. laboratorium product analyse Laagdikte metingen Contaminatie Boorkwaliteit Proces kwaliteit via bijvoorbeeld Finish kwaliteit, Fischerscope X-Ray Adviezen / onderzoek  Voorbehandeling PCB voor het soldeer proces  Soldeerproces • Soldeerbaarheid • Tempverdeling oven etc. • BGA Soldering 3D X-ray BGA analyse

 Thermal Shock www.qpigroup.com © Q.P.I. GROUP

Via Cruciale bouwsteen voor een PCB Tot meerdere 1000 via’s per PCB Meerdere fout mogelijkheden


Boren: spijkerkop


Smear op binnenlaag


Soldeermasker: residue SM in PTH IPC: not allowed


Tabel IPC final finish, class II avg. ≥ 20µm

Cu: 29 µm

Cu: 37 µm


Negatieve back-etch ≤ 13 µm


Controle spoorbreedte

Top: 78 µm

Spoor hoogte: 42 µm

Voet min.: 49 µm Voet max.: 99 µm


Voorbeelden Kwalitatief slechte producten Folie beschadiging

Plating crack


Voorbeelden Kwalitatief slechte producten Barrel crack

Barrel crack komt veel voor bij slecht geconstrueerde flex-rigids


Voorbeelden (2) Kwalitatief slechte producten Boor en plating kwaliteit


Voorbeelden via’s kwalitatief goede producten

Resin filled via www.qpigroup.com © Q.P.I. GROUP

De PCB kleur is groen is dat genoeg? De PCB is het fundament waar op gebouwd wordt Waarde toevoeging door componenten (bouwgroepen) Kosten van yield in de productie Levensduur van het totale product De PCB kleur is groen is dat genoeg? NEE Zorgvuldige competente partner kiezen Complete specificatie van het product Optie van analyse moet er zijn www.qpigroup.com © Q.P.I. GROUP

Het Q.P.I. process Capability ranking productie  Vrijgave proces vastgelegd

Specificatie  Q.P.I. General specification  Klant specifieke specificatie  Product specifieke specificatie

Product inspecties  Sample product analyse  Product analyse

Proces inspecties  Audit fabricage  Audit proces  Audit arbeidsomstandigheden www.qpigroup.com © Q.P.I. GROUP

Het Q.P.I. process (2) Controle over het process  Materialen  Processen

Procescontrole  Inspectie rapporten  First Article Report  Conformity reports


Bedankt voor uw aandacht!

Q.P.I Circuits B.V. Q.P.I. PCB (Hong Kong) Limited Q.P.I. EDA B.V. 酷披艾電路板(香港)有限公司 Zuiddijk 5 5705 CS Helmond Quality Products International (B) BVBA Netherlands Tel.: +31 492 590059 Fax: + 31 492 553418 E-mail: [email protected]

Q.P.I. PCB (Shenzhen) Co. Ltd. 酷披艾电子电路（深圳）有限公司 Q unit, 8th floor, Gangwan Creative Building No 1041 Houhai Blvd. Shekou Shenzhen China


De PCB kleur is groen is dat genoeg?!

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