DAFTAR ISI. HalamanPernyataan... i KATA PENGANTAR... ii UCAPAN TERIMA KASIH... iii Abstrak... v Abstract... vi BAB I PENDAHULUAN

DAFTAR ISI

HalamanPernyataan ......................................................................................

i

KATA PENGANTAR ....................................................................................

ii

UCAPAN TERIMA KASIH .........................................................................

iii

Abstrak............................................................................................................

v

Abstract ...........................................................................................................

vi

BAB I PENDAHULUAN ...............................................................................

1

A. LatarBelakangPenelitian ....................................................................................

1

B. IdentifikasidanPerumusanMasalah .............................................................

12

1. Identifikasi Masalah .......................................................................

12

2. PerumusanMasalah ........................................................................

21

C. Tujuan Penelitian.........................................................................................

22

D.Manfaat Penelitian .......................................................................................

22

1.

ManfaatTeoritis.............................................................................

22

2.

Manfaat Praktis.............................................................................

23

E. Struktur Organisasi Disertasi.......................................................................

23

BAB II KAJIAN PUSTAKA, KERANGKA PEMIKIRAN, DAN HIPOTESIS ......................................................................................

25

A. Kajian Pustaka ............................................................................................

25

1. Pengertian Administrasi Pendidikan dan Daya Saing....................

25

2.

1.1

Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Daya Saing .................

30

1.2

StrategiMeraihKeunggulanBersaing ...................................

34

Kapabilitas Pimpinan ....................................................................

38

2.1

Definisi dan Faktor Kepemimpinan ....................................

38

2.2

Gaya Kepemimpinan ...........................................................

39

2.3

Teori-Teori Kepemimpinan .................................................

40

2.4

Kapasitas Pimpinan .............................................................

49

2.5

Peran Kepemimpinan ..........................................................

55

Nur Hayati, 2013 Daya Saing(Competitiveness) Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Ekonomi (Studi Tentang Kapabilitas Pimpinan Terhadap Orientasi Pasardan Orientasi Pembelajaran dan Dampaknya Terhadap Kinerjadan Daya Saing Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Ekonomi Di Lingkungan KOPERTIS Wilayah IV Jawa Barat dan Banten Program Studi Manajemen Yang Terakreditasi B) Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu| perpustakaan.upi.edu

2.6

3.

Kapabilitas Pimpinan Membangun Citra dan Pemasaran Perguruan Tinggi .................................................................

59

Orientasi Pasar ..............................................................................

66

3.1

Konsep Orientasi Pasar ........................................................

66

3.2

Konsep Resources Based View ...........................................

72

3.3

Strategi Organisasi ...............................................................

79

3.4

Strategi Pemasaran ..............................................................

81

3.5

Analisis SWOT (SWOT Analysis) ......................................

84

3.6

Strategi Orientasi Pasar (Market Orientation Strategy) ......

95

3.7

Rencana Strategi Bisnis Perguruan Tinggi ..........................

104

3.8

Faktor-faktor yang Mempengaruhi Strategi Pemasaran Bisnis Perguruan Tinggi .................................................................

3.9

106

Strategi Bersaing untuk Setiap Posisi Bisnis Perguruan Tinggi

3.10 Kiat-kiat Untuk melaksanakan Manajemen Citra dan Pemasaran

4.

5.

6.

Perguruan Tinggi .................................................................

117

Orientasi Pembelajaran .................................................................

119

4.1

Knowledge Management .....................................................

119

4.2

Anteseden dan Konsekuensi Orientasi Pembelajaran..........

122

4.3

Karakteristik Orientasi Belajar ............................................

123

4.4

Pengertian, Tingkatan, dan Dimensi Budaya Pembelajaran

128

4.5

Orientasi Pembelajaran dan Inovasi ....................................

133

Kinerja Institusi .............................................................................

140

5.1

Kinerja Institusi Perguruan Tinggi ......................................

142

5.2

Akreditasi Perguruan Tinggi ...............................................

144

5.3

Lingkup Standar ..................................................................

149

5.4

Balanced Scorecard Pada Organisasi Publik .......................

150

5.5

Membangun Balanced Scorecard ........................................

151

5.6

Penerapan Balanced Scorecard di Perguruan Tinggi ..........

157

5.7

Strategi Bagi keberhasilan Pengukuran Kinerja ..................

160

Daya Saing Institusi (Competitiveness) ........................................

162

6.1

166

Dimensi Keberlangsungan Hidup Perguruan Tinggi...........


108

6.2

Era Persaingan Perguruan Tinggi ........................................

167

B. Kerangka Pemikiran .................................................................................

172

Kerangka Pemikiran .........................................................................................

194

Paradigma Penelitian .......................................................................................

195

C. Hipotesis ...................................................................................................

196

BAB III METODE PENELITIAN ...............................................................

197

A.Objek Penelitian ...........................................................................................

197

1. Lokasi..................................................................................................

197

2. Populasi dan Sampel Penelitian ..........................................................

198

B. Pendekatan dan Metode Penelitian..............................................................

201

1. Pendekatan Penelitian .........................................................................

201

2. Metode Penelitian ...............................................................................

202

C. Teknik Pengumpulan Data ..........................................................................

203

D. Uji Validitas dan Reliabilitas ......................................................................

205

1. Gambaran Umum Partial Least Square ..................................................

226

2. Model Indikator Refleksif ......................................................................

227

3. Model Indikator Formatif.......................................................................

227

E. Analisis Data ...............................................................................................

232

F. Teknik Analisis Data ...................................................................................

234

BAB IVHASIL PENELITIAN DAN PEMBAHASAN ..............................

238

A.Hasil Penelitian ............................................................................................

238

1.Profil 11 STIE di Kopertis Wilayah IV Jabar dan Banten Yang Ter Akreditasi B .........................................................................................

238

2. Anlisis Deskriptif Penilaian Responden .............................................

239

3. Kondisi Kapabilitas Pimpinan pada STIE di Lingkungan Kopertis Wilayah IV Jawa Barat dan Banten ....................................

240

4. Kondisi Orientasi Pasar padaSTIE di Lingkungan Kopertis Wilayah IV Jawa Barat dan Banten ...................................................

242

5. Kondisi Orientasi Pembelajaran padaSTIE di Lingkungan Kopertis Wilayah IV Jawa Barat dan Banten yang Terakreditasi B ................

244


6.Kondisi Kinerja Institusi padaSTIE di Lingkungan Kopertis Wilayah IV Jawa Barat dan Banten yang Terakreditasi B ................

246

7. Kondisi Daya Saing padaSTIE di Lingkungan Kopertis Wilayah IV Jawa Barat dan Banten yang Terakreditasi B...................

249

8. Hasil Analisis Data Partial Least Square (PLS) ...................................

252

8.1 Model Pengukuran Variabel Kapabilitas Pimpinan.......................

253

8.2 Model Pengukuran Variabel Orientasi Pasar .................................

254

8.3 Model Pengukuran Variabel Orientasi Pembelajaran ....................

256

8.4 Model Pengukuran Variabel Kinerja Institusi ................................

257

8.5 Model Pengukuran Variabel Daya Saing Institusi ..........................

259

9. Pengujian Hipotesis ..............................................................................

261

10. Pengaruh Kapabilitas Pimpinan terhadap Orientasi Pasar ...................

265

11. Pengaruh Kapabilitas Pimpinan Terhadap Orientasi Pembelajaran ....

266

12. Pengaruh Kapabilitas Pimpinan terhadap Kinerja Institusi .................

267

13. Pengaruh Orientasi Pasar Terhadap Kinerja Institusi ..........................

267

14. Pengaruh Orientasi Pembelajaran Terhadap Kinerja Institusi .............

268

15. Pengaruh Kapabilitas Pimpinan terhadap Daya Saing Institusi ...........

268

16. Pengaruh Orientasi Pasar Terhadap Daya Saing Institusi ....................

269

17. Pengaruh Orientasi Pembelajaran Terhadap Daya saing Institusi .......

270

18. Pengaruh Kinerja Institusi Terhadap Daya Saing Institusi ..................

270

19 Deskripsi Indeks Daya Saing STIE di Lingkungan Kopertis Wilayah IV Jawa Barat dan Banten yang Terakreditasi B ..................................

271

1. Kapabilitas Pimpinan .......................................................................

272

2. Orientasi Pasar .................................................................................

272

3. Orientasi Pembelajaran ....................................................................

273

4. Kinerja Institusi ................................................................................

274

5. Daya Saing Institusi .........................................................................

275

6. Analisis Daya Saing secara keseluruhan ..........................................

276

B.Pembahasan ..................................................................................................

277

C..Diskusi dan Keterbatasan Penelitian ...........................................................

284

BAB V KESIMPULAN DAN REKOMENDASI ........................................

287


A.Kesimpulan ..................................................................................................

287

B.Rekomendasi ................................................................................................

288

DAFTAR PUSTAKA .....................................................................................

291

LAMPIRAN


DAFTAR TABEL

Tabel 1.1 PengangguranBerdasarkan Tingkat Pendidikan 2004-2009 ...........

9

Tabel 1.2 Data Jumlah Mahasiswa S1 Jurusan Manajemen Tahun 2008-2012 STIE di Kopertis Wilayah IV Jawa Barat dan Banten yang Terakreditasi B ................................................................................

11

Tabel 1.3 Rasio Jumlah Dosen dan Mahasiswa S1 Jurusan Manajemen STIE di Kopertis Wilayah IV Jawa Barat dan Banten yang Terakreditasi B Tahun 2012 ......................................................................................

11

Tabel 2.1 Matriks SWOT ................................................................................

85

Tabel 2.2 Process of Corporate Strategy and The TOWS Analysis ................

85

Tabel 2.3 PeragaAnalisis SWOT Program Studi.............................................

87

Tabel 2.4 KombinasiAnalisis SWOT untukPerguruanTinggi .........................

90

Tabel 2.5 StrategiuntukSetiapposisiBisnis ......................................................

109

Tabel 2.6 Beberapa Lingkup Standar ..............................................................

149

Tabel2.7 Pengukuran Strategis pada Organisasi Publik .................................

157

Tabel2.8 Perbedaan Perusahaan Bisnis dengan Perguruan Tinggi .................

170

Tabel 2.9 Hasil Penelitian Tentang Kinerja dan Daya Saing Perguruan Tinggi

170

Tabel 2.10 HasilPenelitianTentangOrientasi Pasar dan KinerjaPerguruanTinggi

174

Tabel2.11 Balanced Scorecard Measures of Two Recipients of theMalcom Baldrige National Quality Award in Education:University of Winconsin – Stoud and Kenneth W. Monfort College of Business (MCB) at Northern Colorado University (UNC) ..........................

184

Tabel 3.1 Data Akreditasi STIE di LingkunganKopertis Wilayah IV JawaBaratdanBanten…… .............................................................

197

Tabel 3.2 Populasimasing-masingResponden ...............................................

200


Tabel 3.3 Sampelmasing-masingRespondentiap STIE .................................

201

Tabel 3.4 KemampuanAnalisisKuantitatif ....................................................

203

Tabel 3.5 NamadanNotasiVariabelPenelitian ...............................................

208

Tabel 3.6 Kisi-kisi Instrumen Penelitian .......................................................

209

Tabel 3.7 Sumber Data ..................................................................................

233

Tabel 4.1 ProfilSebelas STIE yang Terakreditasi B .....................................

238

Tabel 4.2 Interval Skormasing-masingKategori PenilaianVariabelPenelitian (n=11) ............................................................................................

239

Tabel 4.3 StatistikDeskriptifVariabelKapabilitasPimpinan ..........................

240

Tabel 4.4 StatistikDeskriptifDimensiVariabelKapabilitasPimpinan ............

241

Tabel 4.5 StatistikDeskriptifVariabelOrientasiPasar ....................................

242

Tabel 4.6 StatistikDeskriptifDimensiVariabelOrientasiPasar .......................

243

Tabel 4.7 StatistikDeskriptifVariabelOrientasiPembelajaran .......................

245

Tabel 4.8 StatistikDeskriptifDimensiVariabelOrientasiPembelajaran ..........

245

Tabel 4.9 StatistikDeskriptifVariabelKinerjaInstitusi ...................................

247

Tabel 4.10 StatistikDeskriptif DimensiVariabelKinerjaInstitusi ....................

248

Tabel 4.11 StatistikDeskriptifvariableDayasaingInstitusi ...............................

250

Tabel 4.12 StatistikDeskriptifDimensiVariabelDayaSaingInstitusi................

250

Tabel 4.13 Ringkasan Hasil Uji Signifikansi Model Pengukuran Variabel Kapabilitas Pimpinan ....................................................................

253

Tabel 4.14 RingkasanHasil UjiSignifikansi Model PengukuranvariableOrientasiPasar ...............................................

255

Tabel 4.15 Ringkasan Hasil Uji Signifikansi Model Pengukuran Variabel Orientasi Pembelajaran .................................................................

256

Tabel 4.16 Ringkasan Hasil Uji Signifikansi Model Pengukuran Variabel Kinerja Institusi ..........................................................................................

258


Tabel 4.17 Ringkasan Hasil Uji Signifikansi Model Pengukuran Variabel Daya Saing Institusi ................................................................................

260

Tabel 4.18 Rangkuman Hasil Estimasi Koefisien Jalur Uji Statistik ..............

263

Tabel4.19 HasilPerhitunganbesarPengaruhmasingmasingVariabelTerhadapKinerjaInstitusi .....................................

264

Tabel 4.20 Hasil Perhitungan Besar Pengaruh Masing-Masing Variabel Terhadap Daya Saing Institusi. .....................................................................

265

Tabel 4.21 IndeksDayaSaing STIE .................................................................

277


DAFTAR GAMBAR

Gambar1.1 Aspek-aspek yang Menentukan Proses Daya Saing Institusi diambil dari berbagai sumber Ambaska dan Monaya (2004,5), Cotindamas dan Klitcioglo (2013, 16), Daydan Wensley (2003), Timur Sumihardjo (2008), Huang dan Roberts (2005, 5) .....................

16

Gambar2.1 IndikatorUtamaPenentuDayaSaing Daerah ................................

30

Gambar 2.2 IndikatorMakrodanIndikatorSpesifikUtamaPenentuDayaSaing Daerah .........................................................................................

32

Gambar2.3 Kekuatan yang MendorongPersainganAntarInstitusi .................

33

Gambar2.4 Proses KeunggulanBersaing .......................................................

34

Gambar2.5 StrategiMeraihKeunggulan ...........................................................

35

Gambar 2.6 Establishing The core Competence Agenda ...............................

75

Gambar 2.7 Figure Proposed nature ofFamiliness Contribution to Developing A Market Orientation......................................................................

78

Gambar 2.8 Proses Strategi Pemasaran ..........................................................

82

Gambar 2.9 Strategic Planning Process ..........................................................

83

Gambar 2.10 Strategic Positioning of the Traditional Families of Colleges and Universities ...............................................................................

103

Gambar 2.11 Strategic Positioning of All Information Age College and Universities ...............................................................................

104

Gambar 2.12 TigaTingkatanBudaya (Pembelajaran) Organisasi ...................

131

Gambar 2.13 Standar Nasional Pendidikan (SNP) dan standar lain melampaui SNP...........................................................................................

144

Gambar 2.14 Balanced Scorecard Cause-Effect Hyphothesis .......................

150

Gambar 2.15 Public Sector Strategy Map ......................................................

154

Gambar2.16 Program Logic Model ..............................................................

155

Gambar2.17 Causal Analysis ........................................................................

156

Gambar2.18 Process Flow.............................................................................

156

Gambar2.19 Balanced Scorecard untukOrganisasiNirlaba/PerguruanTinggi Nur Hayati, 2013 Daya Saing(Competitiveness) Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Ekonomi (Studi Tentang Kapabilitas Pimpinan Terhadap Orientasi Pasardan Orientasi Pembelajaran dan Dampaknya Terhadap Kinerjadan Daya Saing Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Ekonomi Di Lingkungan KOPERTIS Wilayah IV Jawa Barat dan Banten Program Studi Manajemen Yang Terakreditasi B) Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu| perpustakaan.upi.edu

160

Gambar 2.20 Three Generic Strategies ..........................................................

164

Gambar 2.21 Seven Operational Dimensions of An Educational Institutions 167 Gambar 2.22 KeunggulanBersaingdanEkonomi ............................................

176

Gambar 2.23 Kerangka Pemikiran .................................................................

194

Gambar 2.24 Paradigma Penelitian ................................................................

195

Gambar 3.1

Langkah-Langkah PLS .............................................................

228

Gambar 3.2

Paradigma Penelitian ................................................................

235

Gambar 4.1

Grafik rata-rataSkorDimensiKapabilitasPimpinan...................

241

Gambar 4.2

Grafik rata-rataSkorDimensiOrientasiPasarKerja ....................

243

Gambar 4.3

Grafik rata-rataSkorDimensiOrientasiPembelajaran ................

246

Gambar 4.4

Grafik Rata-rata SkorDimensiKinerjaInstitusi .........................

248

Gambar 4.5

Grafik rata-rata SkorDimensiDayaSaingInstitusi .....................

251

Gambar 4.6

Koefisien Standarisasi Pemodelan Persamaan Struktural ........

252

Gambar 4.7

Diagram Jalur Model PengukuranvariablekapabilitasPimpinan

Gambar 4.8

Diagram Jalur Model Pengukuran Variabel Orientasi Pasar...

Gambar 4.9

Diagram Jalur Model Pengukuran Variabel Orientasi Pembelajaran

Gambar 4.10 Diagram Jalur Model Pengukuran Variabel Kinerja Institusi .

254 256 257

259

Gambar 4.11 Diagram Jalur Model Pengukuran Variabel Daya Saing Institusi Gambar 4.12 Model Lengkap Diagram Jalur Penelitian ................................

263

Gambar 4.13 Diagram Jalur Penelitian ..........................................................

263

Gambar 4.14 Perhitungan Indeks Variabel Kapabilitas Kepemimpinan .......

271

Gambar 4.15 Perhitungan Indeks Variabel Orientasi Pasar ..........................

272

Gambar 4.16 Perhitungan Indeks Variabel Orientasi Pembelajaran .............

273

Gambar 4.17 Perhitungan Indeks Variabel Kinerja Institusi .........................

274

Gambar 4.18 Perhitungan Indeks Variabel Daya Saing Institusi ...................

275

Gambar4.19 Analisis Indeks Secara Keseluruhan ........................................

276


261

DAFTAR ISI. HalamanPernyataan... i KATA PENGANTAR... ii UCAPAN TERIMA KASIH... iii Abstrak... v Abstract... vi BAB I PENDAHULUAN

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