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DAFTAR ISI HALAMAN HALAMAN JUDUL........................................................................................ i HALAMAN PENGESAHAN .......................................................................... ii HALAMAN PERNYATAAN ......................................................................... iii HALAMAN PERSEMBAHAN ...................................................................... iv KATA PENGANTAR ..................................................................................... v DAFTAR ISI .................................................................................................... vii DAFTAR TABEL ............................................................................................ x DAFTAR GAMBAR ....................................................................................... xiii DAFTAR LAMPIRAN .................................................................................... xiv INTISARI......................................................................................................... xv ABSTRACT ..................................................................................................... xvi BAB I.PENDAHULUAN 1.1.Latar belakang ...................................................................................... 1 1.2.Tujuan Penelitian ................................................................................. 3 1.3.Manfaat Penelitian ............................................................................... 3 BAB II. TINJAUAN PUSTAKA 2.1.Tinjauan Singkat Kayu Gayam (Inocarpus fagifer (Parkinson Ex Zollinger) Forsberg) ............................................................................. 4 2.1.1. Persebaran ................................................................................ 4 2.1.2. Lingkungan Tempat Tumbuh................................................... 4 2.1.3. Manfaat .................................................................................... 5 2.2.Sifat Fisika Kayu .................................................................................. 6 2.2.1. Kadar Air Kayu ........................................................................ 6 2.2.2. Berat Jenis Kayu ...................................................................... 7 2.2.3. Perubahan Dimensi Kayu......................................................... 8 2.3.Dimensi Serat Kayu ............................................................................. 8 2.3.1. Panjang Serat Kayu .................................................................. 9 2.3.2. Diameter Serat Kayu ................................................................ 9 2.3.3. Diameter Lumen Kayu ............................................................. 10 2.3.4. Tebal Dinding Serat Kayu........................................................ 10

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2.3.5. Nilai Turunan Dimensi Serat kayu ........................................... 10

BAB III. HIPOTESIS DAN RANCANGAN PENELITIAN 3.1. Hipotesis.............................................................................................. 12 3.2. Rancangan Penelitian .......................................................................... 12 BAB IV. METODOLOGI PENELITIAN 4.1. Bahan Penelitian................................................................................... 16 4.2. Alat Penelitian ...................................................................................... 16 4.2.1. Alat Penentuan Sifat Fisika Kayu .............................................. 16 4.2.2. Alat Penentuan Dimensi Serat Kayu ......................................... 17 4.3. Waktu dan Tempat Penelitian .............................................................. 18 4.4. Pembuatan Contoh Uji ......................................................................... 18 4.4.1. Sampel Contoh Uji Sifat Fisika Kayu ....................................... 20 4.4.2. Sampel Contoh Uji Dimensi Serat Kayu ................................... 20 4.5. Prosedur dan Teknik Penelitian ........................................................... 21 4.5.1. Ketinggian Batang Bebas Alur .................................................. 21 4.5.2. Sifat Fisika Kayu ....................................................................... 21 4.5.3. Dimensi Serat Kayu ................................................................... 24 BAB V. HASIL PENELITIAN DAN ANALISIS 5.1. Ketinggian Batang Bebas Alur ............................................................ 30 5.2. Sifat Fisika Kayu ................................................................................. 30 5.2.1. Kadar Air Kayu .......................................................................... 30 5.2.2. Berat Jenis Kayu ........................................................................ 32 5.2.3. Perubahan Dimensi Kayu ........................................................... 35 5.3. Dimensi Serat ...................................................................................... 46 5.1.1. Panjang Serat .............................................................................. 47 5.1.2. Diameter Serat ............................................................................ 47 5.1.3. Diameter Lumen......................................................................... 49 5.1.4. Tebal Dinding Serat ................................................................... 51 5.1.5. Nilai Turunan Serat .................................................................... 52

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BAB VI. PEMBAHASAN 6.1.Ketinggian Batang Bebas Alur............................................................. 54 6.2.Sifat Fisika Kayu .................................................................................. 54 6.2.1. Kadar Air Kayu ........................................................................ 54 6.2.2. Berat Jenis Kayu ...................................................................... 55 6.2.3. Perubahan Dimensi Kayu......................................................... 56 6.3.Dimensi Serat ....................................................................................... 58 6.3.1. Panjang Serat ............................................................................ 58 6.3.2. Diameter Serat .......................................................................... 59 6.3.3. Diameter Lumen....................................................................... 59 6.3.4. Tebal Dinding Serat ................................................................. 60 6.3.5. Nilai Turunan Serat .................................................................. 61 BAB VII. KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN 7.1.Kesimpulan .......................................................................................... 62 7.1.1. Ketinggian Batang Bebas Alur................................................. 62 7.1.2. Sifat Fisika dan Variasinya ...................................................... 62 7.1.3. Dimensi Serat dan Variasinya .................................................. 63 7.2.Saran ..................................................................................................... 63 DAFTAR PUSTAKA ...................................................................................... 64 LAMPIRAN ..................................................................................................... 67

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DAFTAR TABEL HALAMAN Tabel 2.1. Klasifikasi Panjang dan Diameter serat ......................................... 9 Tabel 2.2. Persyaratan Nilai Dimensi dan Turunan Serat Sebagai Bahan Baku Kertas ................................................................................... 11 Tabel 3.1. Rancangan Acak Lengkap Dengan Percobaan Faktorial ............... 13 Tabel 3.2. Analisis Keragaman (ANOVA) Dua Arah .................................... 14 Tabel 4.1. Informasi Pohon Gayam Sebagai Bahan Penelitian ...................... 16 Tabel 5.1. Nilai Ketinggian Batang Bebas Alur ............................................. 30 Tabel 5.2. Rerata Kadar Air Segar (%) ........................................................... 31 Tabel 5.3. Hasil Analisis Keragaman Kadar Air Segar .................................. 31 Tabel 5.4. Rerata Kadar Air Kering udara (%) ............................................... 32 Tabel 5.5. Hasil Analisis Keragaman Kadar Air Kering Udara ...................... 32 Tabel 5.6. Rerata Berat Jenis Segar ................................................................ 32 Tabel 5.7. Hasil Analisis Keragaman Berat Jenis Segar ................................. 33 Tabel 5.8. Rerata Berat Jenis Kering Udara ................................................... 33 Tabel 5.9. Hasil Analisis Keragaman Berat Jenis Kering Udara ................... 34 Tabel 5.10. Rerata Berat Jenis Kering Tanur ................................................... 34 Tabel 5.11. Hasil Analisis Keragaman Berat Jenis Kering Tanur ................... 34 Tabel 5.12. Rerata Penyusutan Longitudinal Dari Kondisi Segar Sampai Kering Udara (%) ......................................................................... 35 Tabel 5.13. Hasil Analisis Keragaman Penyusutan Longitudinal Dari Segar Sampai Kering Udara ................................................................... 35 Tabel 5.14. Rerata Penyusutan Tangensial Dari Segar Sampai Kering Udara (%) ..................................................................................... 36 Tabel 5.15. Hasil Analisis Keragaman Penyusutan Tangensial Dari Segar Sampai Kering Udara ................................................................... 36 Tabel 5.16. Rerata Penyusutan Radial Dari Segar Sampai Kering Udara (%) ................................................................................................ 37

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Tabel 5.17. Hasil Analisis Keragaman Penyusutan Radial Dari Segar Sampai Kering Udara ................................................................... 37 Tabel 5.18. Rasio Penyusutan T/R Dari Kondisi Segar Sampai Kering Udara ............................................................................................ 38 Tabel 5.19. Hasil Analisis Keragaman Rasio Penyusutan T/R Dari Segar Sampai Kering Udara ................................................................... 38 Tabel 5.20. Rerata Penyusutan Longitudinal Dari Segar Sampai Kering Tanur (%) ...................................................................................... 39 Tabel 5.21. Hasil Analisis Keragaman Penyusutan Longitudinal Dari Segar Sampai Kering Tanur.................................................................... 39 Tabel 5.22. Rerata Penyusutan Tangensial Dari Segar Sampai Kering Tanur (%) ...................................................................................... 40 Tabel 5.23. Hasil Analisis Keragaman Penyusutan Tangensial Dari Segar Sampai Kering Udara ................................................................... 40 Tabel 5.24. Rerata Penyusutan Radial Kondisi Segar Sampai Kering Tanur (%) ...................................................................................... 41 Tabel 5.25. Hasil Analisis Keragaman Penyusutan Radial Dari Segar Sampai Kering Tanur.................................................................... 41 Tabel 5.26.Rasio Penyusutan T/R Dari Kondisi Segar Sampai Kering Tanur ............................................................................................. 42 Tabel 5.27. Hasil Analisis Keragaman Rasio Penyusutan T/R Dari Segar Sampai Kering Tanur.................................................................... 42 Tabel 5.28. Rerata Pengembangan Longitudinal Dari Kondisi Kering Udara Sampai Basah (%) ........................................................................ 43 Tabel 5.29. Hasil Analisis Keragaman Pengembangan Longitudinal Dari Kondisi Kering Udara Sampai Basah ........................................... 43 Tabel 5.30. Rerata Pengembangan Tangensial Kondisi Kering Udara Sampai Basah (%). ....................................................................... 44 Tabel 5.31. Hasil Analisis Keragaman Pengembangan Tangensial Kondisi Kering Udara Sampai Basah......................................................... 44

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Tabel 5.32. Rerata Pengembangan Radial Kondisi Kering Udara Sampai Basah (%) ..................................................................................... 45 Tabel 5.33. Hasil Analisis Kergaman Pengembangan Radial Kondisi Kering Udara Sampai Basah ..................................................................... 45 Tabel 5.34. Rasio Pengembangan T/R Dari Kondisi Kering Udara Sampai Basah ........................................................................................... 46 Tabel 5.35 Hasil Analisis Keragaman Rasio Pengembangan T/R Dari Kering Udara Sampai Basah......................................................... 46 Tabel 5.36. Rerata Panjang Serat (mm) .......................................................... 47 Tabel 5.37. Hasil Analisis Keragaman Panjang Serat..................................... 47 Tabel 5.38. Rerata Diameter Serat (µm) ......................................................... 48 Tabel 5.39. Hasil Analisis Keragaman Diameter Serat................................... 48 Tabel 5.40. Hasil Uji Lanjut HSD Diameter Serat pada Kedudukan Aksial .. 49 Tabel 5.41. Rerata Diameter Lumen (µm) ...................................................... 50 Tabel 5.42. Hasil Analisis Keragaman Diameter Lumen ............................... 50 Tabel 5.43. Hasil Uji Lanjut HSD Diameter Lumen pada Kedudukan Aksial .......................................................................................... 51 Tabel 5.44. Rerata Tebal Dinding Serat (µm) ................................................. 52 Tabel 5.45. Hasil Analisis Keragaman Tebal Dinding Serat .......................... 52 Tabel 5.46. Hasil Penetapan Turunan Serat dan Nilai Dimensi Serat Kayu Gayam................................................................................ 53

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DAFTAR GAMBAR HALAMAN Gambar 4.1. Disk kayu gayam ....................................................................... 18 Gambar 4.2. Skema pengambilan disk dari pohon ........................................ 19 Gambar 4.3. Contoh uji kadar air dan berat jenis .......................................... 20 Gambar 4.4. Contoh uji perubahan dimensi kayu .......................................... 20 Gambar 4.5. Contoh uji dimensi panjang serat kayu ..................................... 20 Gambar 4.6. Contoh uji dimensi serat melintang ........................................... 21 Gambar 4.8. Proses penimbangan contoh uji ................................................. 22 Gambar 4.9. Perlengkapan pembuatan preparat dimensi serat ...................... 25 Gambar 4.10. Sampel maserasi ........................................................................ 26 Gambar 4.11. Mikroskop digital merk Olympus ............................................. 26 Gambar 4.12. Perebusan sampel dalam larutan gliserin .................................. 28 Gambar 4.13. Mikrotom merk Yamato Kohki ................................................ 29 Gambar 5.1. Hasil uji HSD diameter serat pada kedudukan aksial ............... 49 Gambar 5.2. Hasil uji HSD diameter lumen pada kedudukan aksial ............. 51 Gambar 6.1. Batang gayam dan eksudatnya .................................................. 55 Gambar 6.2. Hasil analisis HSD pada Diameter Serat ................................... 59 Gambar 6.3. Hasil analisis HSD pada Diameter Lumen ................................ 60

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DAFTAR LAMPIRAN

HALAMAN Lampiran 1. Data Kadar Air Kayu Kayu Gayam ............................................. 68 Lampiran 2. Data Berat Jenis Kayu Gayam .................................................... 69 Lampiran 3. Data Penyusutan Segar Sampai Kering Udara Kayu Gayam ...... 70 Lampiran 4. Data Penyusutan Segar Sampai Kering Tanur Kayu Gayam ..... 71 Lampiran 5. Data Pengembangan Kering Udara Sampai Basah Kayu Gayam ......................................................................................... 72 Lampiran 6. Data Dimensi Serat Kayu Gayam ................................................ 73 Lampiran 7. Nilai Turunan Serat ..................................................................... 74 Lampiran 8. Gambar Dimensi Serat Kayu Gayam .......................................... 75 Lampiran 9. Gambar Potongan Melintang Kayu Gayam................................. 76

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