DAFTAR ISI HALAMAN JUDUL ……………………………………………………………. i HALAMAN LEMBAR PERSOALAN ……………..…………………...……. ii HALAMAN LEMBAR PENGESAHAN .…...……….………………………. iii HALAMAN PERSEMBAHAN ………………………………….…………… iv HALAMAN MOTTO ……………………………………………….………….v KATA PENGANTAR ………………………………………………………….vi ABSTRACT …………………………………………………………………… viii DAFTAR ISI …………………………………………………………………… ix DAFTAR NAMA SIMBOL ……………………………………….…….…… xii DAFTAR GAMBAR …………………………………………….…………... xv DAFTAR LAMPIRAN ………………………………………………………. xix
BAB I PENDAHULUAN ........................................................................... 1 1.1 Latar Belakang Masalah ............................................................... 1 1.2 Tujuan .......................................................................................... 1 1.3 Batasan Masalah ........................................................................... 2 1.4 Metode Pengumpulan Data ........................................................... 2 1.5 Sistematika Penulisan ................................................................... 3
BAB II DASAR TEORI ............................................................................ 5 2.1 Prinsip-prinsip Dasar ................................................................... 5 2.1.1 Arus Listrik ........................................................................ 5 2.1.2 Hambatan Listrik ................................................................ 6 2.1.3 Potensial Listrik .................................................................. 8 xi
2.1.4 Daya Listrik ........................................................................ 8 2.1.5 Arus Dalam Rangkaian ......................................................10 2.2 Komponen Elektronika ...............................................................12 2.2.1 Resistor (hambatan) ...........................................................12 2.2.2 Resistor Dalam Rangkaian .................................................12 2.2.3 Saklar ................................................................................14 2.2.4 Sekering ............................................................................17 2.2.5 Relay ..................................................................................17 2.2.6 Kumparan (coil)..................................................................19 2.2.7 Lampu ...............................................................................19 2.3 Semi Konduktor ..........................................................................21 2.3.1 Dioda ................................................................................22 2.3.2 Dioda Zener .......................................................................23 2.3.3 Kondensator/Kapasitor ......................................................24 2.3.4 Transistor ...........................................................................26 2.3.5 Thyristor ...............................................................................28 2.3.6 Transformator .......................................................................28 2.3.7 Pengertian Gelombang Elektromagnetic...............................30 2.3.8 Magnet ..................................................................................34 BAB III PEMBUATAN DAN PENGUJIAN TRAINING KIT ............... 36 3.1 Tujuan Pembuatan .......................................................................28 3.2 Urutan Pembuatan ........................................................................36 3.2.1 Alat dan Bahan yang Digunakan ...................................36 3.2.2 Desain pembuatan lubang akrilik ...................................37 3.2.3 Membuat daftar belanja...................................................37 3.2.4 Alat dan Bahan............................................................... 38 3.3 Pembuatan Trainingkit Suzuki Let’s FI..........................................41 3.3.1 Desain Akrilik .....................................................................41 3.3.2 Pemasangan Part..................................................................47 3.4 Pengujian Trainingkit ...................................................................48 3.5Pemeriksaan Sistem Kelistrikan .....................................................48
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BAB VI INSTRUMENT KELISTRIKAN DAN PENERANGAN ..........51 4.1 Sistem Penerangan .......................................................................51 4.1.1 Lampu Kepala/Besar (Head Light) .....................................51 4.1.2 Lampu Belakang dan Rem (Tail light and Brake light) ......51 4.1.3 Sistem Lampu Sein/Tanda Belok ( Turn Signals System) 51 4.2 Klakson (Horn) ............................................................................60 4.3 Sistem Instrumentasi dan Tanda Peringatan ................................62 4.4 Generator ....................................................................................66 4.5 Baterai ........................................................................................69 BAB V PENUTUP ....................................................................................70 5.1 Kesimpulan .................................................................................70 5.2 Saran ...........................................................................................70 DAFTAR PUSTAKA ...............................................................................71
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DAFTAR GAMBAR Gambar 2.1Penghantar untuk mennetukan kepadatan arus ..................................... 6 Gambar 2.2Ilustrasi hambatan listrik ..................................................................... 7 Gambar 2.3 Rangkaian dengan 3 loop ..................................................................10 Gambar 2.4 Rangkaian 3 loop dua sumber tegangan .............................................11 Gambar 2.5 Berbagai macam bentuk resistor........................................................12 Gambar 2.6 Beberapa resistor dalam rangkaian seri .............................................12 Gambar 2.7 Beberapa resistor dalam rangkaian paralel.........................................13 Gambar 2.8 Simbol saklar push button .................................................................15 Gambar 2.9 Saklar lampukepala ...........................................................................15 Gambar 2.10 Saklar lampu DIM ...........................................................................16 Gambar 2.11Saklar lampu sein .............................................................................16 Gambar 2.12Sekering ...........................................................................................17 Gambar 2.13 Relay motor stater............................................................................18 Gambar 2.14 Empat jenis relay .............................................................................18 Gambar 2.15 Sambungandengan saklar biasa (kiri) dan dengan relay (kanan).......19 Gambar 2.16 Hubungan antara daya, hambatan, tegangan dan arus listrik...............20 Gambar 2.17 Lampu kepala, belakang, plat, sein dan speedometer .......................21 Gambar 2.18C Chip, LED dan Transistor .................................................................22 Gambar 2.19Diode dan simbol .............................................................................23 Gambar 2.20 Dioda Zener ....................................................................................24 Gambar 2.21Kapasitor ..........................................................................................25 Gambar 2.22 Kondensor tetap di bawah 0,5 μF beserta simbolnya..........................25 Gambar 2.23 Kondensor tetap elektrolit di atas 1 μF beserta simbolnya ................26 Gambar 2.24 Kondensor variable beserta simbolnya .............................................26 Gambar 2.25 Transistor ............................................................................................27 Gambar 2.26 Thyristor dan simbolnya .....................................................................28 Gambar 2.27 Transformator ....................................................................................29 Ganbar 2.28 Pergerakan Magnet ............................................................................. 31 Gambar 2.29 Potongan Besi beregerak mengelilingi magnet ................................. 32 Gambar 2.30 Magnet dan Garis Gaya Magnet ........................................................ 32 xiv
Gambar 2.31 Medan Magnet .................................................................................. 33 Gambar 2.32 Kumparan .......................................................................................... 34 Gambar 2.33 Kutub Magnet .......................................................................................34 Gambar 2.34 Inti Besi ............................................................................................... 35 Gambar 3.1 Desain rangka ….................................................................................... 37 Gambar 3.2Pembuatan Lubang Pada Akrilik.............................................................37 Gambar 3.3 Pengecatan akrilik .................................................................................. 43 Gambar 3.4Pembuatan Rangka..................................................................................43 Gambar 3.5 Besi kotak................................................................................................44 Gambar 3.6 Proses pemotongan besi.......................................................................... 45 Gambar 3.7 Proses Pengelasan .................................................................................. 45 Gambar 3.8 Proses Pendempulan dan Pengerindaan...................................................45 Gamabr 3.9Proses pengecatan rangka …...................................................................47 Gambar 3.10Proses penyambungan kabel dan penyolderan......................................48 Gambar 3.11Fuse ...................................................................................................... 49 Gambar 3.12Multimeter ........................................................................................... 50 Gambar 4.1 Konstruksi lampu depan ........................................................................ 52 Gambar 4.2 Kontruksi bola lampu tungsten ............................................................. 54 Gambar 4.3 Kontruksi lampu belakang ..................................................................... 55 Gambar 4.4 Lampu sein depan ...................................................................................56 Gambar 4.5 Sistem tanda belok dengan flasher tipe kapasitor ................................. 57 Gambar 4.6 Kumparan L1 menjadi magnet .............................................................. 58 Gambar 4.7 L2 menjadi magnet untuk menahan kontak point .................................59 Gambar 4.8 Sistem tanda belok dengan flasher tipe bimetal .....................................60 Gambar 4.9 Cara kerja rangkaian sistem tanda belok tipe bimetal ............................61 Gambar 4.10 Sistem tanda belok dengan flasher tipe transistor .............................. 62 Gambar 4.11 klakson ................................................................................................ 63 Gambar 4.12 Cara kerja klakson ............................................................................... 64 Gambar 4.13 Speedometer Suzuki Let’s FI .............................................................. 65 Gambar 4.14 Sistem lampu rem .............................................................................. 66 Gambar 4.15 Saklar lampu rem tipe plunger ............................................................67 Gambar 4.16 Rangkain indikator bensin...................................................................68 Gambar 4.17 Generator AC ......................................................................................68 Gambar 4.18 Generator DC ......................................................................................69 xv
Gambar 4.19 Perubahan gaya gerak listrik dan reaktifikasi .....................................70 Gambar 4.20 Cara kerja baterai ...............................................................................71
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DAFTAR LAMPIRAN 1. Banana Plug ...................................................................................
65
2. Kabel ..............................................................................................
65
3. Skun ...............................................................................................
65
4. Baut dan Mur M6 dan M8 ..............................................................
65
5. CDI ...............................................................................................
65
6. Regulator ........................................................................................
65
7. Fuse ................................................................................................
65
8. Motor Penggerak ............................................................................
66
9. Push Button ....................................................................................
66
10. Tang, obeng, gergaji besi, pisau ......................................................
66
11. Klakson .........................................................................................
66
12. Flasher ............................................................................................
66
13. Jepitan Aki .....................................................................................
66
14. Magnet ...........................................................................................
66
15. Akumulator .....................................................................................
66
16. Tang Potong Kabel .........................................................................
66
17. Kunci Kontak .................................................................................
67
18. Besi Kotak ......................................................................................
67
19. Alumunium ....................................................................................
67
20. Wiring Harness Suzuki Let’s FI ......................................................
68
21. Simbol-simbol Komponen Kelistrikan ............................................
69
22. Desain Rangka ...............................................................................
69
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