Business Plan Sustainable Energy Property developers in the Netherlands and relation to IEA Annex 44 How Dutch housing developers influence R&D and innovation ing. Ad van der Aa Cauberg-Huygen Consulting Engineers
Dutch building market • Total existing volume of 6.5 million houses • Yearly production new houses has dropped down to 60.000 (less than 1 % of existing volume) • Last 10 years government has drawn back from the housing market • Demand and supply side of housing market in general not really interested in Sustainable Energy • No agreement possible between Ministry of housing and trade organisations about application of sustainable energy
Project Group sustainable energy property development residential buildings • Started in 2002 as initiative of NOVEM (Netherlands agency for energy and the environment) and individual property developers • In 2004 more than 40 members : 20 developers and social housing organisations, municipals, energy suppliers, NOVEM : the front runners • Supported by specialised consultants (building physics, sustainable energy, marketing, strategy) • Group represents organisations with a total of approx. 25 % of the new housing stock
Goals • Contribute at CO2 reduction • Exchange of knowledge, know how and experiences of the application of SE in the Dutch housing market • Assigning relevant research • Implementing R&D-results • Acting as a relevant target group for the industry • Acting as a sounding board for governmental organisations in the field of applying SE in housing
Research done • Quality control on climate installations • Energy saving and comfortable houses due to a well designed housing concept • Research on companies exploiting sustainable energy • Quality aspects (sound insulation) Low Temperature Heating • How to communicate with tenants? • How to achieve a big step forward in SE applications in the residential housing market?
Business plan SE • Analysis of existing situation • Towards implementation of SE in residential buildings • Applicable concepts – until 2008 (5 years) – until 2013 (5-10 years)
• Objectives, developments and requirements • Results
Some conclusions • Difference in ambition, experience, know-how and knowledge among developers referring SE • Organisational structure and developing process differs • No change in housing concept in spite of introduction of EPN (better envelope insulation, energy consumption more efficient) • Standard 1.0 has caused a new item in Dutch housing : Over heating during summer • No structure in housingtype, demands, solutions; every project a new specific solution • Integral design is key issue
Over heating summer 60.0
Te
55.0
Ti - w k Ti - sk1
50.0
Ti - sk2
45.0 40.0 35.0 30.0 25.0 20.0 15.0 10.0 30 JUN
1 JUL
2 JUL
3 JUL
4 JUL
5 JUL
6 JUL
“Total design” process Integration of customer demands by total design process: • Flexibility in floor plan • Adjustments in installation in the future • Healthy • Comfortable • Safe • Sustainable • Affordable
Business plan SE Type of property developer A. conservative B. progressive (heat pump minded) C. progresive (thermal mass minded
Participation in new buildings
2004 90%
2005 80%
2006 70%
2007 60%
2008 50%
5%
15%
20%
25%
30%
5%
5%
10%
15%
20%
70000
75000
72500
67500
67500
1950 A. B. C.
95% 20% 75%
85% 10% 70%
75% 10% 50%
68% 10% 50%
60% 10% 50%
1450 A. B. C.
5%
10%
15%
17%
20%
5%
10%
10%
10%
80%
90%
90%
5% 90%
10% 90%
25%
30%
50%
50%
50%
136500 125703 8%
146250 127547 13%
141375 108079 24%
131625 92861 29%
131625 85793 35%
New build dwellings Ambition level 0. EPC=1
1. Better building design HEHR HE boiler
2. Better building design, HEHR, HE boiler, solar collector
3. Optimal building design, heat pump, HE-HR, low temperature heating/cooling
4. Optimal building design, heat pump, Low-temperature heating/cooling, solar collector
Result CO2 dwellings Unchanged policy Business plan Reduction CO2
CO2 production
1350 A. B. C.
725 A. B. C.
550 A. B. C.
Requirements Business plan SE (1) •
Early need of input – clearity in applicable concepts (building physics/installations), energy use, costs, other consequences – tools to select concepts
•
Determination of performance criteria for summer comfort in residential buildings – use of international knowledge
•
Ventilation systems – further research for ventilation systems combined with various concepts (IEA) – research on summer ventilation
•
Optimisation of use of thermal mass – in combination with building physics and installations
Requirements Business plan SE (2)
• Solving technical questions / product innovation and development – floor heating and floor cooling – domotica / control of climatisation systems – ventilation systems
• Quality control in the whole process • Energy exploitation company outsourcing • Communication • Domestic Hot Water systems
Housing concept : with flexible installation components
Low temperature floor element (1)
Low temperature floor element (2)
A Toolbox • Tool to help to decide in early stage of development what type of installation would be appropriate (info : location, targeting group, organisational aspects, know how, experience ) • To be used by developers, architects, builders and municipal authorities • Using the same language : getting the desired results
Toolbox for Realistic sustainable energy concepts
ing. Ad van der Aa Cauberg-Huygen Raadgevende ingenieurs BV
ep 0,8
ep++ '00
1000
ep+ '98
1500
ep '95
bb '92
'81 - '91
3000
'77 - '86
tot '77
3
energieverbruik [m gas / jr]
Developments 3500
Component level
2500
2000
System level Concept level
500
0
Nowaday’s practice Heat loss and cooling loss Health
Sustainability Energy performance
C o n t r a c t o r
Controls Distribution
Heat pump
Installer supplier
Supplier
Ground storage
Drilling company geothermal
? Investment Exploitation
?
Climat installation ?
C o m f o r t ?
Integral concept Comfort
Trias-energetica
CO2 / EPC
I
ENERGY DEMAND
Reduce energy demand
III
II Maximise amount of Sustainable energy
Health - Load-duration curve - Heating load - Cooling load
Investment
Use fossil fuels as efficient as possible
Domotica / Control system Heat pump (St. KWP)
Distribution
Ground storage
Total concept
Exploitation Building
Distribution
Production
Source
From component to concept Building
Ventilation
Installations for heating, cooling and DHW
•
• •
• •
• • • • •
Thermal insulation – R-facade, roof, floor – Uwindow, Uglass Air tightness Orientation Solar gains Thermal mass Sun protection
• • • • •
Natural Balanced ventilation with HR Demand control Hybrid Fans Summer ventilation Openable windows
Gas fired boilers High temperature distribution – radiators
•
Low temperature distribution – floor heating
•
Heat pump systems – source, energy piles
• • • •
Exergy Solar collector Cooling equipment Control / meter
Dwellings
Assessment of concepts Integral concepts
Quality profiles WONING A Toegankelijkheid B Bruikbaarheid Organisatie van functies Verblijfsruimten: algemeen Slaapfunctie
Verzelfstandiging Uitbreidbaarheid Entree en verkeersruimten Kookfunctie Flexibiliteit door techniek (later) Verplaatsbare elementen Water, warmte/koude, ventilatie
C Veiligheid D Gezondheid luchtkwaliteit binnen (woonkwaliteit) Luchtverversing ruimten/ afvoer verontreinigingen Ventilatievoorzieningen
Voorzieningen: wassen en drogen persoonlijke beïnvloeding Ventilatievoorzieningen Verwarmen en ventilatie toetreding vocht, stoffen en radon uit kruipruimte Reinigbaarheid verwarming/ ventilatie
+ ++ ++ ++
Vrije verdiepingshoogte op alle verdiepingen > 2,80 m Vrije verdiepingshoogte op alle verdiepingen > 3,00 m Mogelijkheid tot extra slaapkamer/ werkruimte op de begane grond Tenminste twee gelijkwaardige verblijfsruimten van 12 m2 naast de gezamenlijke verblijfsruimte Mogelijkheid van zinvolle indelingsvarianten door verplaatsbare of verwijderbare binnenwanden ++ Mogelijkheid tot verzelfstandiging van ruimten binnen een woning ++ Door het aanbrengen van voorzieningen zijn woningen uitbreidbaar in horizontale of vertikale zin Door het aanbrengen van voorzieningen zijn woningen onderling koppelbaar ++ Vermijden van ''hokkerigheid'' door vides en/of overmaat in de verbindingen tussen woonfuncties RV Plaatsing keuken zodanig dat uitbreiding mogelijk is + Alle wanden die niet woningscheidend zijn, licht en niet dragend (dus te verwijderen) + RV Inblaasrosters bij balansventilatie of luchtverwarming positioneren bij daglichtopeningen ++ RV Lucht/ ventilatiekanalen voor alle ruimten bereikbaar vanuit verlaagdplafond verkeersruimte RV Flexibel leidingsysteem of meerdere aansluit-, opstellingsmogelijkheden
+
++
Per verblijfsruimte: tenminste een beweegbare ramen en bovenlichten, eenvoudig en licht te bedienen met bedieningshendel tussen 900 mm - 1500 mm hoog; Naar buiten draaiende ramen en deuren van buurwoningen (dichtbij woningscheidende wand) aan kant van woningscheiding afhangen (draairichting naar elkaar toe). verblijfsruimte zo ventileren dat de ventilatiehoeveelheden worden gehaald zonder geluidoverlast (kwaliteitscijfer 2 NEN 1070) Voorzieningen voor ventilatie dimensioneren op 130% van de in het Bouwbesluit gestelde eisen Bij geluidbelaste gevels (>55dB(A)), gebalanceerde ventilatie toepassen, met aanzuiging vanaf de andere gevel
++
Goed te ventileren (min. 25 m3/h) aparte afgesloten was-, droog- en strijkruimte, voorzien van een spoelbak.
+ + ++ +
Vraaggestuurde (mechanische) ventilatie programmeerbaar op basis van CO2 Thermostatische radiatorkraan per vertrek Individuele regelbaarheid van warmte, koude en ventilatie luchtdichtheid begane grond vloer en kruipluik
+
Onderzijde radiatoren hoger dan 100 mm
Performance criteria
Selection of concepts
CO2-reduction between 25% and 35%
Computer tool
Quality control
Quality control PROGRAMM
DESIGN
WORKING OUT
REALISATION
OPERATION
Recommendations IEA Annex 44 • Clear definition about “what is a concept” • Integrated approach needs to be implemented in the total building process • Adopt the Trias Energetica-approach • Practical applications, guidelines and tools are needed for the building market • Clear definition of design criteria is needed (summer comfort residential buildings). Reshyvent WP5 Design parameters
Dutch action points • Development of design guide and tool for integrated building concepts • Development of performance criteria for summer comfort in residential buildings • Optimal utilisation of thermal mass • Optimisation / integration of ventilation systems • Control strategies for integral concepts • Future developments “after the heatpump concepts” (ambition level 5 business plan)
Contribution of the Netherlands • Cauberg-Huygen in co-operation with Project group Property development SE – Tool for integrated building concepts – Implementation new integral concepts – Knowledge exchange integrated building design / responsive building elements with target group
• TU Delft Faculty of Architecture and building design, chair Climate Design & Environment – Design strategies for implementation of responsive building elements residential buildings – Development of concepts “After the heat pump” (ambition level 5)
