ANALISIS DAN PERANCANGAN SISTEM DATABASE PEMBELIAN, PERSEDIAAN, DAN PENJUALAN PADA PT. YOYO TOYS
SKRIPSI
Oleh
Dewantara Tanaddy Handry Yovan Suwityo Edward Christopher Gunawan
Binus University Jakarta 2010
1000836760 1000840322 1000872665
ANALISIS DAN PERANCANGAN SISTEM DATABASE PEMBELIAN, PERSEDIAAN, DAN PENJUALAN PADA PT. YOYO TOYS
SKRIPSI
diajukan sebagai salah satu syarat untuk gelar kesarjanaan pada Jurusan Sistem Informasi Jenjang Pendidikan Strata-1
Oleh
Dewantara Tanaddy Handry Yovan Suwityo Edward Christopher Gunawan
Binus University Jakarta 2010
1000836760 1000840322 1000872665
ANALISIS DAN PERANCANGAN BASIS DATA PEMBELIAN, PERSEDIAAN, DAN PENJUALAN PADA PT. YOYO TOYS
SKRIPSI
Disusun oleh :
Dewantara Tanaddy 1000836760
Handry Yovan Suwityo 1000840322
Disetujui oleh : Pembimbing
Sugijanto M.Said, M.Sc. D1261
Binus University Jakarta 2009/2010
iii
Edward Christopher Gunawan 1000872665
PRAKATA Puji syukur penulis panjatkan ke hadirat Tuhan Yang Maha Esa, berkat karuniaNya jualah penulis dapat menyelesaikan skripsi ini tepat pada waktunya. Skripsi yang disusun ini merupakan hasil analisa dan perancangan database untuk PT. Yoyo Toys. Skripsi yang berjudul “Analisa dan Perancangan Basis Data Pembelian, Persediaan, dan Penjualan pada PT. Yoyo Toys ” ini dibuat sebagai salah satu syarat kelulusan pada jenjang pendidikan Strata-1 jurusan Sistem Informasi pada Universitas Bina Nusantara. Dengan selesainya skripsi ini, penulis mengucapkan terima kasih yang sebesar-besarnya kepada: •
Bapak Prof. Dr. Ir. Harjanto Prabowo, MM., selaku Rektor Universitas Bina Nusantara.
•
Bapak Ir. Sablin Yusuf, M.Sc., M.Comp.Sc., selaku Dekan Fakultas Ilmu Komputer Universitas Bina Nusantara.
•
Bapak Johan, S.Kom., MM selaku Ketua Jurusan Sistem Informasi Universitas Bina Nusantara.
•
Bapak Henkie Ongowarsito, S.Kom, M.T., M.Sc. selaku Sekretaris Jurusan Sistem Informasi Universitas Bina Nusantara.
•
Bapak Hartono, S.Kom., MM selaku Dosen Pembimbing yang telah banyak memberikan saran dan bimbingan dalam mengarahkan penulisan skripsi ini.
•
Bapak Johasan selaku Manajer Operasional yang telah banyak membantu dalam memberikan informasi tentang PT Yoyo Toys.
•
Pimpinan dan seluruh staf PT Yoyo Toys yang telah banyak membantu dalam memberikan informasi yang sangat bermanfaat dalam penulisan skripsi ini.
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•
Seluruh staf pengajar Jurusan Sistem Informasi Bina Nusantara yang telah memberikan ilmu pengetahuan dan bimbingan selama penulis menuntut ilmu di Universitas Bina Nusantara.
•
Orang tua beserta keluarga yang telah memberi dukungan moral maupun material yang tak ternilai harganya.
•
Seluruh rekan dan pihak yang telah banyak membantu penyusunan skripsi ini baik secara langsung maupun tidak langsung yang tidak dapat disebutkan satu persatu. Penulis sangat mengharapkan saran dan kritik dari para pembaca untuk menyempurnakan
skripsi ini. Akhir kata, penulis berharap semoga skripsi ini dapat bermanfaat dan berguna bagi semua pihak.
Jakarta, 25 Januari 2010
Penulis
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DAFTAR ISI HALAMAN JUDUL LUAR.............................................................................................i HALAMAN JUDUL DALAM ........................................................................................ii HALAMAN PERSETUJUAN HARD COVER................................................................iii ABSTRAK........................................................................................................................iv PRAKATA........................................................................................................................v DAFTAR ISI....................................................................................................................vii DAFTAR TABEL............................................................................................................xii DAFTAR GAMBAR.......................................................................................................xv DAFTAR LAMPIRAN.....................................................................................................xi BAB 1 PENDAHULUAN................................................................................................1 1.1 Latar Belakang......................................................................................................1 1.2 Ruang Lingkup......................................................................................................2 1.3 Tujuan dan Manfaat...............................................................................................3 1.4 Metodologi............................................................................................................4 1.5 Sistematika Penulisan............................................................................................5 BAB 2 LANDASAN TEORI............................................................................................6 2.1 Teori-teori Umum.................................................................................................6 vii
2.1.1 Pengertian Sistem.........................................................................................6 2.1.2 Pengertian Sistem Informasi.........................................................................6 2.1.3 Pengeritian Database....................................................................................7 2.1.3.1 Komponen Sistem BasisData..............................................................7 2.1.3.2 Keuntungan Penggunaan Basisdata.....................................................8 2.1.3.3 Kerugian Penggunaan Basisdata.........................................................8 2.1.4 Database Management System.....................................................................8 2.1.4.1 Pengertian DBMS................................................................................8 2.1.4.2 Fungsi DBMS......................................................................................9 2.1.4.3 Keuntungan DBMS...........................................................................10 2.1.4.4 Kerugian DBMS................................................................................11 2.1.5 Pengertian The-Three Level ANSI-SPARC Architecture........................12 2.1.6 Data Based Language.................................................................................13 2.1.6.1 Data Definition Language(DDL)......................................................13 2.1.6.2 Data Manipulation Language(DML).................................................14 2.1.7 Entity Relational Modeling........................................................................16 2.1.7.1 Entity Types.......................................................................................16
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2.1.7.2 Relationship Types............................................................................17 2.1.7.3 Atribut-atribut....................................................................................17 2.1.7.4 Structural Constraints........................................................................18 2.1.8 Peralatan Pembuatan Model Data dan Proses............................................19 2.1.9 Normalisasi.................................................................................................20 2.1.10 Siklus Analisis dan Perancangan Basisdata.............................................23 2.1.11 Tahapan Perancangan Basisdata...............................................................38 2.1.12 State Transition Diagram..........................................................................44 2.1.13 Integritas...................................................................................................46 2.2 Teori Khusus.......................................................................................................47 2.2.1 Sistem Penjualan........................................................................................47 2.2.2 Sistem Pembelian.......................................................................................48 2.2.3 Sistem Persediaan Barang..........................................................................49 BAB 3 ANALISA SISTEM INFORMASI YANG BERJALAN..................................54 3.1 Riwayat Perusahaan............................................................................................54 3.2 Visi dan Misi.......................................................................................................54 3.3 Struktur Orgnanisasi............................................................................................55
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3.4 Proses Sistem Yang Sedang berjalan..................................................................57 3.4.1 Pembelian...................................................................................................57 3.4.2 Persediaan..................................................................................................58 3.4.3 Penjualan....................................................................................................58 3.5 Diagram Aliran Dokumen...................................................................................60 3.5.1 Proses Pembelian Barang...........................................................................60 3.5.2 Proses Persediaan.......................................................................................61 3.5.3 Proses Penjualan Barang............................................................................62 3.6 Permasalahan yang Dihadapi..............................................................................63 3.7 Analisis Kebutuhan Informasi.............................................................................63 3.8 Usulan Pemecahan Masalah................................................................................64 BAB 4 PERANCANGAN DAN IMPLEMENTASI.......................................................65 4.1 Database Planning......................................................................................................65 4.1.1 Mission Statement...................................................................................................65 4.1.2 Mission Objective....................................................................................................65 4.2 System Definition......................................................................................................67 4.3 Requirement Collection And Analysis.......................................................................67 4.3.1 Data Requirment..……………………………………...…………….…………...........67 x
4.3.2 Transaction Requirement ...................................................................................... 68 4.4 Perancangan Basis Data ........................................................................................... 69 4.4.1 Perancangan Basis Data Konseptual ......................................................... 69 4.4.1.1 Identifikasi Entitas ........................................................................... 69 4.4.1.2 Identifikasi Tipe Relasi .................................................................... 71 4.4.1.2.1 Membuat ER Diagram ............................................................ 71 4.4.1.2.2 Menentukan Pembatas Multiplicity dari Tipe Hubungan ....... 72 4.4.1.3 Identifikasi dan Mengasosiasikan Atribut Dengan Entitas atau Tipe Relasional ............................................................................... 73 4.4.1.4 Menentukan Atribut Domain ........................................................... 76 4.4.1.5 Identifikasi Candidate Key, Primary Key, dan Alternate Key Setiap Entitas ........................................................................................ 77 4.4.1.6 Validasi Model Konseptual Lokal dengan Transaksi User ............. 79 4.4.2 Rancangan Logical.................................................................................... 80 4.4.2.1 Hilangnya Karakteristik yang Tidak Sesuai dengan Model............. 80 4.4.2.2 Menentukan Relasi untuk Model Data Logikal Lokal ..................... 85 4.4.2.3Normalisasi ...................................................................................... 103 4.4.2.4 Referential Integrity Constraint ....................................................... 105 4.4.2.5 Model Diagram Relasional Global .................................................. 109 4.4.3 Rancangan FIsikal ..................................................................................... 113
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4.4.3.1 Perancangan Relasional Dasar Basis Data (Base Relations............. 113 4.4.3.2 Perancangan Enterprise Constraint ................................................. 128 4.4.3.3 Perancangan Representasi Fisikal .................................................... 128 4.1.3.3.1 Transaksi Analisis ................................................................... 128 4.4.3.4 Pemilihan Index ............................................................................... 134 4.4.3.5 Mengestimasi Kapasitas Penyimpanan yang Tersedia .................... 140 4.4.3.6 Merancang Mekanisme Keamanan .................................................. 149 4.4.3.7 Pemilihan DBMS ............................................................................. 150 4.5 Pengembangan Aplikasi..................................................................................... 153 4.5.1 Perancangan Aplikasi................................................................................ 153 4.5.1.1 Struktur Menu ................................................................................. 153 4.5.1.2 State Transition Diagram (STD ....................................................... 155 4.5.2 Perancangan Input dan Output .................................................................. 163 4.5.2.1 Perancangan Input ............................................................................ 163 4.5.2.2 Perancangan Output ......................................................................... 172 4.6 Implementasi Aplikasi ....................................................................................... 175 4.6.1 Uji Coba Aplikasi ..................................................................................... 175 4.6.2 Jadwal Implementasi ................................................................................. 178 4.6.3 Cara Pengoperasian Aplikasi .................................................................... 179 4.7 Evaluasi Sistem Basis Data Yang Telah Dikembangkan .................................. 197 4.8 Jawab kuisioner sistem yang dirancang ............................................................ 199
BAB 5 SIMPULAN DAN SARAN 5.1 Simpulan ............................................................................................................ 203 xii
5.2 Saran...................................................................................................................203 DAFTAR PUSTAKA.....................................................................................................205 RIWAYAT HIDUP........................................................................................................206 LAMPIRAN...................................................................................................................L1
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DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel 3.1 Tabel Kebutuhan Informasi ...........................................................................64 Tabel 4.1 Daftar Entitas .................................................................................................71 Tabel 4.2 Multiplicity dan Tipe Relasional ....................................................................73 Tabel 4.3 Tabel Entitas Karyawan .................................................................................73 Tabel 4.4 Tabel Entitas Suplier ......................................................................................74 Tabel 4.5 Tabel Entitas Barang ......................................................................................74 Tabel 4.6 Tabel Entitas Pelanggan.................................................................................74 Tabel 4.7 Tabel Entitas FormPemesanan.......................................................................75 Tabel 4.8 Tabel Entitas FormTagihan............................................................................75 Tabel 4.9 Tabel Entitas FormPembelian ........................................................................75 Tabel 4.10 Tabel Entitas FormPermintaanBarang .........................................................76 Tabel 4.11 Tabel Entitas Faktur .....................................................................................76 Tabel 4.12 Atribut Domain ...........................................................................................77 Tabel 4.13 Primary Key dan Candidate Key dari Entitas ..............................................78 Tabel 4.14 Tabel Analisis Transaksi (1) .......................................................................130 Tabel 4.15 Tabel Analisis Transaksi (2) ........................................................................131 Tabel 4.16 Tabel Analisis Transaksi (3) ........................................................................132 Tabel 4.17 Tabel Analisis Transaksi (4) ........................................................................132 Tabel 4.18 Tabel Analisis Transaksi (5) .......................................................................133 Tabel 4.19 Tabel Analisis Transaksi (6) ........................................................................133 Tabel 4.20 Tabel Analisis Transaksi (7) ........................................................................134
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Tabel 4.21 Tabel Pemilihan Indeks ................................................................................135 Tabel 4.22 Kebutuhan penyimpanan Tabel Karyawan ..................................................140 Tabel 4.23 Kebutuhan penyimpanan Tabel TelpKaryawan...........................................140 Tabel 4.24 Kebutuhan penyimpanan Tabel AlamatKaryawan ......................................141 Tabel 4.25 Kebutuhan penyimpanan Tabel Jabatan ......................................................141 Tabel 4.26 Kebutuhan penyimpanan Tabel Agama .......................................................141 Tabel 4.27 Kebutuhan penyimpanan Tabel Suplier .......................................................142 Tabel 4.28 Kebutuhan penyimpanan Tabel TelpSuplier ...............................................142 Tabel 4.29 Kebutuhan penyimpanan Tabel AlamatSuplier ...........................................142 Tabel 4.30 Kebutuhan penyimpanan Tabel Pelanggan..................................................143 Tabel 4.31 Kebutuhan penyimpanan Tabel TelpPelanggan ..........................................143 Tabel 4.32 Kebutuhan penyimpanan Tabel AlamatPelanggan ......................................143 Tabel 4.33 Kebutuhan penyimpanan Tabel TypePelanggan .........................................143 Tabel 4.34 Kebutuhan penyimpanan Tabel Barang .......................................................144 Tabel 4.35 Kebutuhan penyimpanan Tabel Gudang......................................................144 Tabel 4.36 Kebutuhan penyimpanan Tabel FormPemesanan ........................................144 Tabel 4.37 Kebutuhan penyimpanan Tabel DetailFormPemesanan ..............................145 Tabel 4.38 Kebutuhan penyimpanan Tabel FormTagihan.............................................145 Tabel 4.39 Kebutuhan penyimpanan Tabel DetailFormTagihan ...................................145 Tabel 4.40 Kebutuhan penyimpanan Tabel FormPembelian .........................................146 Tabel 4.41 Kebutuhan penyimpanan Tabel DetailFormPembelian ...............................146 Tabel 4.42 Kebutuhan penyimpanan Tabel FormPermintaanBarang ............................146 Tabel 4.43 Kebutuhan penyimpanan Tabel DetailFormPermintaanBarang ..................147 Tabel 4.44 Kebutuhan penyimpanan Tabel Faktur ........................................................147 xv
Tabel 4.45 Kebutuhan penyimpanan Tabel DetailNota .................................................147 Tabel 4.46 Tabel Estimasi Total Kapasitas Penyimpanan yang Dibutuhkan ...............149 Tabel 4.47 Akses Keamanan..........................................................................................150 Tabel 4.48 Spesifikasi Perangkat Keras pada SQL Server 2000 ...................................151 Tabel 4.49 Spesifikasi Perangkat Keras pada MySQL Server Versi 4.1 .......................151 Tabel 4.50 Harga lisensi untuk SQL Server 2000 .........................................................152 Tabel 4.51 Harga lisensi untuk MySQL Server versi 4.1 ..............................................152 Tabel 4.52 Perbandingan fitur antara SQL Server 2000 & MySQL Server versi 4 ......153 Tabel 4.53 Jadwal Implementasi....................................................................................178
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DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar 2.1 The Three-Level ANSI-SPARC Architecture ..............................................12 Gambar 2.2 Simbol-simbol Sistem Flowchart ...............................................................20 Gambar 2.3 Siklus Aplikasi Basis Data .........................................................................24 Gambar 2.4 Komponen-komponen Pada Perangkat Basis Data Konseptual.................39 Gambar 2.5 Simbol yang Digunakan Pada State Transition..........................................46 Gambar 3.1 Struktur Organisasi PT. Yoyo Toys ...........................................................55 Gambar 3.2 Diagram Aliran Dokumen Proses Pembelian Barang ...............................60 Gambar 3.3 Diagram Aliran Dokumen Proses Persediaan ...........................................61 Gambar 3.4 Diagram Aliran Dokumen Proses Penjualan Barang .................................62 Gambar 4.1 System Definition .......................................................................................67 Gambar 4.2 ER Diagram................................................................................................72 Gambar 4.3 ERD Conceptual Design dengan Primary Key ..........................................78 Gambar 4.4 ERD Conceptual Design dengan Transaksi User ......................................79 Gambar 4.5 Relasi Biner Many to Many Barang dan FormPemesanan.........................80 Gambar 4.6 Relasi Biner Many to Many Barang dan FormTagihan .............................81 Gambar 4.7 Relasi Biner Many to Many Barang dan FormPembelian ..........................82 Gambar 4.8 Relasi Biner Many to Many Barang dan FormPermintaanBarang .............82 xvii
Gambar 4.9 Relasi Biner Many to Many Barang dan Faktur .........................................83 Gambar 4.10 Relasi Multi-valued pada Karyawan ........................................................84 Gambar 4.11 Relasi Multi-valued pada Pelanggan ........................................................84 Gambar 4.12 Relasi Multi-valued pada Suplier .............................................................85 Gambar 4.13 ERD Model Diagram Relasional Global..................................................110 Gambar 4.14 Struktur Menu ..........................................................................................154 Gambar 4.15 STD Login................................................................................................155 Gambar 4.16 STD Karyawan .........................................................................................156 Gambar 4.17 STD Jabatan .............................................................................................156 Gambar 4.18 STD Agama ..............................................................................................156 Gambar 4.19 STD Suplier..............................................................................................157 Gambar 4.20 STD Barang..............................................................................................157 Gambar 4.21 STD Gudang ............................................................................................158 Gambar 4.22 STD Pelanggan ........................................................................................158 Gambar 4.23 STD TypePelanggan ................................................................................159 Gambar 4.24 STD FormPemesanan ..............................................................................159 Gambar 4.25 STD FormTagihan ...................................................................................160 Gambar 4.26 STD FormPembelian................................................................................160 Gambar 4.27 STD FormPermintaanBarang ...................................................................160
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Gambar 4.28 STD FormFaktur......................................................................................161 Gambar 4.29 STD LaporanPembelian...........................................................................161 Gambar 4.30 STD LaporanPersediaan..........................................................................161 Gambar 4.31 STD LaporanPenjualan............................................................................162 Gambar 4.32 Rancangan Login....................................................................................163 Gambar 4.33 Rancangan Main Menu...........................................................................164 Gambar 4.34 Rancangan Window Login.....................................................................165 Gambar 4.35 Rancangan Menu Form Agama..............................................................165 Gambar 4.36 Rancangan Menu Form Jabatan.............................................................166 Gambar 4.37 Rancangan Menu Form Suplier..............................................................166 Gambar 4.38 Rancangan Menu Form Barang..............................................................167 Gambar 4.39 Rancangan Menu Form Gudang.............................................................167 Gambar 4.40 Rancangan Menu Form Pemesanan.......................................................168 Gambar 4.41 Rancangan Menu Form Tagihan............................................................168 Gambar 4.42 Rancangan Menu Form Pembelian........................................................169 Gambar 4.43 Rancangan Menu Form FPB..................................................................169 Gambar 4.44 Rancangan Menu Form Faktur...............................................................170
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Gambar 4.45 Rancangan Menu Laporan Penjualan.....................................................170 Gambar 4.46 Rancangan Menu Laporan Pembelian....................................................171 Gambar 4.47 Rancangan Menu Laporan Persediaan...................................................171 Gambar 4.48 Rancangan Output Laporan Penjualan....................................................172 Gambar 4.49 Rancangan Output Laporan Pembelian...................................................173 Gambar 4.50 Rancangan Output Laporan Persediaan..................................................174 Gambar 4.51 Rancangan Jaringan Perusahaan.............................................................178 Gambar 4.52 Rancangan Menu Login..........................................................................179 Gambar 4.53 Tampilan Menu Utama...........................................................................180 Gambar 4.54 Tampilan Menu Form Karyawan............................................................182 Gambar 4.55 Tampilan Menu Form Agama.................................................................183 Gambar 4.56 Tampilan Menu Form Jabatan................................................................184 Gambar 4.57 Tampilan Menu Form Suplier................................................................184 Gambar 4.58 Tampilan Menu Form Customer............................................................186 Gambar 4.59 Tampilan Menu Form Type Pelanggan..................................................187 Gambar 4.60 Tampilan Menu Form Barang................................................................188 Gambar 4.61 Tampilan Menu Form Gudang...............................................................189 Gambar 4.62 Tampilan Menu Form Pemesanan..........................................................190 Gambar 4.63 Tampilan Menu Form Tagihan...............................................................191 Gambar 4.64 Tampilan Menu Form Pembelian...........................................................192 Gambar 4.65 Tampilan Menu Form FPB.....................................................................193 Gambar 4.66 Tampilan Menu Form Faktur..................................................................194 xx
Gambar 4.67 Tampilan Menu Laporan Penjualan........................................................195 Gambar 4.68 Tampilan Menu Laporan Pembelian.......................................................196 Gambar 4.69 Tampilan Menu Laporan Persediaan......................................................197
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DAFTAR LAMPIRAN
Wawancara.......................................................................................................................L1
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