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DAFTAR ISI Halaman HALAMAN JUDUL .................................................................................. i HALAMAN PENGESAHAN .................................................................... ii HALAMAN PERSETUJUAN ................................................................... iii iv SURAT PERNYATAAN TENTANG ORISINALITAS ........................... KATA PENGANTAR ................................................................................ v ABSTRACT ................................................................................................ vi ABSTRAK .................................................................................................. vii DAFTAR ISI ............................................................................................... ix DAFTAR TABEL ....................................................................................... xii xiii DAFTAR GAMBAR .................................................................................. DAFTAR LAMPIRAN ............................................................................... xiv DAFTAR ARTI LAMBANG, SINGKATAN, DAN ISTILAH ................. xv BAB I PENDAHULUAN ........................................................................... 1 1.1 Latar Belakang ............................................................................. 1 4 1.2 Identifikasi Masalah..................................................................... 1.3 Pembatasan dan Perumusan Masalah .......................................... 5 1.4 Tujuan dan Manfaat Penelitian .................................................... 5 1.4.1 Tujuan umum..................................................................... 5 1.4.2 Tujuan khusus .................................................................... 6 6 1.4.3 Manfaat penelitian ............................................................. BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA................................................................. 7 2.1 Landasan Hukum ......................................................................... 7 2.2 Identifikasi Bahaya Bahan Kimia ................................................ 7 2.2.1 Definisi identifikasi bahaya ............................................... 7 8 2.2.2 Definisi bahan kimia berbahaya ........................................ 2.2.3 Definisi bahan berbahaya dan beracun .............................. 12 2.2.4 Pemasangan label .............................................................. 12 2.2.5 Lembar Data Keselamatan Bahan (LDKB) ....................... 13 2.2.6 Penyimpanan Bahan Berbahaya dan Beracun (B3) ........... 15 2.2.7 Definisi ammonia .............................................................. 15 2.2.8 Sifat umum ammonia ........................................................ 17 2.2.9 Bahan kimia korosif........................................................... 18 2.2.10 Flammable atau combustible chemicals .......................... 19 2.2.11 Titik nyala (flash point) ................................................... 19 2.2.12 Titik bakar ( fire point ) ................................................... 19 2.2.13 Suhu nyala sendiri ........................................................... 20 2.2.14 Lower Explosive Limit dan Upper Explosive Limit ......... 20 2.2.15 Kepadatan uap (vapor density) ........................................ 20 2.2.16 Nilai Ambang Batas......................................................... 20 21 2.2.17 Sistem Klasifikasi Menurut NFPA .................................. 2.2.18 Globally Harmonized System(GHS)................................ 24 2.2.19 Toksisitas ammonia terhadap manusia ............................ 26 2.3 Penyediaan Alat Pelindung Diri (APD) ....................................... 27 2.3.1 Definisi Alat Pelindung Diri (APD) .................................. 27 2.3.2 Pemilihan Alat Pelindung Diri (APD) ............................... 29
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EMERGENCY RESPONSE PLAN KEBOCORAN PIPA AMMONIA PADA REFRIGERANT DI PT. CAMPINA ICE CREAM INDUSTRY
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2.3.3 Macam-macam Alat Pelindung Diri (APD) ...................... 2.3.4 APD dalam penanganan keadaan darurat kebocoran Ammonia ........................................................................... 2.4 Emergency Response Plan (ERP) Kebocoran Pipa Ammonia..... 2.4.1 Definisi keadaan darurat .................................................... 2.4.2 Langkah-langkah keadaan darurat ..................................... 2.4.3 Jenis keadaan darurat ......................................................... 2.4.4 Manajemen keadaan darurat .............................................. 2.4.5 Definisi tanggap darurat .................................................... 2.4.6 Definisi Emergency Response Plan (ERP)........................ 2.4.7 Rencana Keadaan Darurat (Emergency Response Plan) ... 2.4.8 Elemen dalam Emergency Response Plan ........................ 2.4.8 Rencana tindakan yang harus di persiapkan ...................... 2.4.9 Program yang harus di persiapkan .................................... 2.4.10 Prosedur tumpahan dan kebocoran bahan kimia ............. 2.4.11 Cara mencegah dan mengurangi keparahan kebocoran Ammonia ......................................................................... BAB III KERANGKA KONSEPTUAL ..................................................... BAB IV METODE PENELITIAN ............................................................. 4.1 Jenis Penelitian ............................................................................ 4.2 Obyek dan Subyek Penelitian ..................................................... 4.3 Lokasi dan Waktu Penelitian ....................................................... 4.4 Variabel, Cara pengukuran dan Definisi Operasional ................. 4.5 Teknik dan Instrumen Pengumpulan Data .................................. 4.5.1 Teknik pengumpulan data ................................................. 4.5.2 Instrumen pengumpulan data ............................................ 4.6 Teknik Pengolahan dan Analisi Data .......................................... BAB V HASIL PENELITIAN ................................................................... 5.1 Gambaran Umum Perusahaan ..................................................... 5.1.1 Sejarah perusahaan ............................................................ 5.1.2 Visi dan Misi Perusahaan .................................................. 5.2 Identifikasi Bahaya Ammonia di PT. Campina Ice Cream Industry ....................................................................................... 5.2.1 Observasi sarana penyimpanan ammonia di PT. Campina Ice Cream Industry ...................................... 5.2.2 Pipa ammonia di PT. Campina Ice Cream Industry .......... 5.3. Penyediaan Alat pelindung Diri (APD) ...................................... 5.3.1 Pakaian pelindung (protective clothing) ............................ 5.3.2 Chemical splash goggles ................................................... 5.3.3 Safety helmet ...................................................................... 5.3.4 Sarung tangan kulit ............................................................ 5.3.5 Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) .................. 5.3.6 Chemical respirators ......................................................... 5.3.7 Safety shoes ....................................................................... 5.3.8 Ear muff ............................................................................. 5.3.9 Observasi penyimpanan Alat Pelindung Diri (APD) ........ 5.3.10 Hasil observasi Alat Pelindung Diri (APD) ....................
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EMERGENCY RESPONSE PLAN KEBOCORAN PIPA AMMONIA PADA REFRIGERANT DI PT. CAMPINA ICE CREAM INDUSTRY
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5.4 Emergency Response Plan Kebocoran Pipa Ammonia Pada Refrigerant .................................................................................. 5.4.1 Kesiapan untuk menangani keadaan darurat ..................... 5.4.2 Instrumen sarana dan prasarana keselamatan penanganan kebocoran ammonia ...................................... 5.4.3 Observaasi sarana keselamatan penanganan kebocoran Ammonia ........................................................................... 5.4.4 Fasilitas tanggap darurat kebocoran pipa ammonia .......... 5.4.5 Sarana komunikasi dan pelaporan ..................................... 5.4.6 Evakuasi ............................................................................ 5.4.7 Pengamanan ....................................................................... 5.4.8 Tahap rehabilitasi dan pemulihan ...................................... BAB VI PEMBAHASAN ........................................................................... 6.1 Identifikasi bahaya bahan kimia(ammonia)................................. 6.2 Penyediaan Alat Pelindung Diri (APD ........................................ 6.3 Sistem Emergency Response Plan (ERP) kebocoran pipa Ammonia ..................................................................................... BAB VII KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN ................................................... 7.1 Kesimpulan .................................................................................. 7.2 Saran ............................................................................................ DAFTAR PUSTAKA ................................................................................. LAMPIRAN ................................................................................................
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EMERGENCY RESPONSE PLAN KEBOCORAN PIPA AMMONIA PADA REFRIGERANT DI PT. CAMPINA ICE CREAM INDUSTRY
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DAFTAR TABEL Nomor 2.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5
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Judul
Halaman
Sistem Klasifikasi Menurut NFPA Hasil Observasi Lembar Data Keselamatan Bahan (LDKB) di PT. Campina Ice Cream Industry Hasil Observasi Labeling pada tangki dan pipa ammonia di PT. Campina Ice Cream Industry Hasil Observasi Penyediaan Alat Pelindung Diri (APD) di PT. Campina Ice Cream Industry Hasil Observasi Emergency Response Plan Kebocoran Ammonia
EMERGENCY RESPONSE PLAN KEBOCORAN PIPA AMMONIA PADA REFRIGERANT DI PT. CAMPINA ICE CREAM INDUSTRY
22 69 70 76 87
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DAFTAR GAMBAR
Nomor 2.1 2.2
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Judul Amonia cair Amomonia Gas
EMERGENCY RESPONSE PLAN KEBOCORAN PIPA AMMONIA PADA REFRIGERANT DI PT. CAMPINA ICE CREAM INDUSTRY
Halaman 21 21
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DAFTAR LAMPIRAN
Nomor 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
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Judul
Halaman
Lembar Persetujuan Pengambilan Data Tugas Akhir Struktur Organisasi Tim Tanggap Darurat Tugas Dan Tanggung Jawab Tim Daftar No Telepon Darurat Jalur Evakuasi, APAR, Kotak P3K dan Pejalan Kaki Lantai I Jalur Evakuasi, APAR, Kotak P3K dan Pejalan Kaki Lantai II Hasil Temuan
EMERGENCY RESPONSE PLAN KEBOCORAN PIPA AMMONIA PADA REFRIGERANT DI PT. CAMPINA ICE CREAM INDUSTRY
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DAFTAR ARTI LAMBANG, SINGKATAN DAN ISTILAH
Daftar Arti Lambang &
= Dan
>
= Lebih dari
<
= Kurang dari
±
= Lebih kurang dari
≥
= Lebih dari sama dengan
≤
= Kurang dari sama dengan
%
= Persen
=
= Sama dengan
0
= Derajat
Daftar Singkatan
TA
ACGIH
= American Conference of Govermental Industrial Hygienists
APD
= Alat Pelindung Diri
B3
= Bahan Berbahaya dan Beracun
C
= Celcius
Disnaker
= Dinas Tenaga Kerja dan Transmigrasi
Dll
= Dan Lain Lain
Dst
= Dan Seterusnya
ERP
= Emergency Response Plan
Gr
= Gram
HSE
= Health Safety Environment
IDLH
= Immediately Dangerous to Life 0r Health
K3
= Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja
Kg
= Kilogram
L
= Liter
EMERGENCY RESPONSE PLAN KEBOCORAN PIPA AMMONIA PADA REFRIGERANT DI PT. CAMPINA ICE CREAM INDUSTRY
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TA
LC
= Lethal Concentration
LD
= Lethal Dose
LDKB
= Lembar Data Keselamatan Bahan
LSM
= Lembaga Swadaya Masyarakat
MEN
= Menteri
Mg
= Miligram
MSDS
= Material Safety Data Sheet
NAB
=Nilai Ambang Batas
NFPA
= National Fire protection Association
NIOSH
= National Fire Protective Association
No
= Nomor
OHSAS
= Occupational Health and Safety Assesment Series
OSHA
= The Occupational Safety and Health Administration
P3K
= Pertolongan Pertama Pada Kecelakaan
Pb
= Plumbum
PER.
= Peraturan
PLN
= Perusahaan Listrik Negara
PMDN
= Penanaman Modal Dalam Negeri
PMK
= Pemadam Kebakaran
PP
= Peraturan Pemerintah
Ppm
= Part Per Milion
PVC
= Polyvinyl Chloride
SAR
= Search And Rescue
SCBA
= Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus
STEL
= Short-term Exposure Limit
TLV
= Treshold Limit Value
TWA
= Time Weighted Average
EMERGENCY RESPONSE PLAN KEBOCORAN PIPA AMMONIA PADA REFRIGERANT DI PT. CAMPINA ICE CREAM INDUSTRY
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