ADDRESSING CONFLICT AND FRAGILITY IN POST-2015 DEVELOPMENT AGENDA: LEARNING FROM ACEH-NIAS 13 March 2013
BRR Institute 0
WHY WE ARE HERE • September 2000: Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) diluncurkan • 2015: MDGs selesai
Penghapusan Pendidikan Kesetaraan Pengurangan Kesehatan HIV/AIDS, Kelestarian Kemitraan Kemiskinan Gender Mortalitas Ibu Malaria, dan Lingkungan Global Anak Penyakit Menular
• 31 Juli 2012: Sekjen PBB membentuk High-Level Panel of Eminent Persons on Post-2015 Development Agenda (HLPEP)
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HIGH-LEVEL PANEL OF EMINENT PERSONS ON POST-2015 DEVELOPMENT AGENDA
3 Co-Chairs + 24 members
Executive Secretary
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HLPEP PANELISTS Sektor Publik (17) Ratu Rania Al Abdullah, Yordania
Patricia Espinosa, Menteri Luar Negeri, Meksiko
Horst Kohler, Mantan Presiden, Jerman
Andris Piebalgs, Eks-Menteri Luar Negeri, Latvia
Naoto Kan, Mantan Perdana Menteri, Jepang
Kadir Topbas, Walikota Istanbul , Turki
Sung-Hwan Kim, Menteri Luar Negeri, Korsel
Fulbert Gero Amoussouga, Kepala Unit Analisis Presiden bidang Ekonomi, Benin
Maria Holguin, Menteri Luar Negeri, Kolombia Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala, Menteri Keuangan, Nigeria Gunilla Carlsson, Menteri Kerjasama Int’l, Swedia Emilia Pires, Menteri Keuangan, Timor Leste Elvira Nabiullina, Penasihat Presiden, Rusia
Yingfan Wang, Mantan Wamen Luar Negeri, Cina Izabella Teixera, Menteri Lingkungan Hidup, Brazil Gisela Alonso, Kepala Badan Lingkungan, Kuba Amina Mohammed, Penasihat Sekjen PBB
Masyarakat Sipil (4)
Sektor Swasta (3)
Graça Machel, aktivis HAM, Afrika Selatan
Paul Polman, CEO Unilever
Tawakel Karman, Jurnalis, Yemen
JM Severino, CEO of Investisseurs & Partenaires
John Podesta, Center for American Progress, AS
Betty Maina, Kepala Asosiasi Produsen Kenya
Abhijit Banerjee, Profesor, MIT
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WHAT HLPEP HAS TO DELIVER Menyampaikan rekomendasi kepada Sekjen PBB untuk Agenda Pembangunan Pasca-2015:
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Visi dan bentuk
Prinsip 2 kemitraan & akuntabilitas
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Konsensus politik
• the global challenges of the 21st century; • building up on the MDGs; • with a view to ending poverty.
• global partnership for development; • strengthened accountability mechanisms.
• • •
Sumber: TOR HLPEP
an ambitious yet achievable agenda; economic growth, social equality and environmental sustainability; challenges of countries in conflict and post-conflict situations.
DISASTER AND FRAGILITY ARE ON TOP OF THE AGENDA 4
Agency for the Rehabilitation and Reconstruction of Aceh and Nias (2005-2009)
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IMAGINE HALF A MILLIONTORN PEOPLE LIVED BEFORE …ALMOST EVERYTHING DOWN TO HERE GROUND LEVEL! THE 30-FEET HIGH TSUNAMI STRUCK…
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UNPRECEDENTED DAMAGE ALONG ACEH-NIAS REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA
Damage assessment
800 km x 1-6 km destroyed!
120.000
Houses destroyed
70.000
Houses damaged
22 120 2.618 km 669
193 km
3.415
Singapore coastline
517
720 km Dili
Darwin
Sea ports Bridges Roads Government buildings School buildings Health centers
20.000 ha
Fish ponds
73.869 ha
Agriculture land
104.500
SMEs
167.228
Students lost their schools
1.927
Teachers died
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ACEH HAD HISTORY OF CONFLICTS
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CORRUPTION PERCEPTION INDEX (2004) Indonesia was in Top 10 Corrupt Nations
TOTAL OF ~12,500 PROJECTS INVOLVED IN A YEAR BRR AGENCY (7.2 BILLION USD) Implement & coordinate
Coordinate
Government budget
Donor ~ 55 countries
• ~5000 projects S
S
M
M
M
M
NGO ~ 900 organizations
• ~1500 projects L
L
M
L
L
• ~6000 projects
L
S S S S S S S S
M
M
M
M
Reconstruction actors
Local govt (dinas)
NGOs
Contractor
Supplier
Consultant
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SIGNIFICANT PROGRESS ON ALL ASPECTS OF COMMUNITY LIFE
Damage/Needs New house
Progress (April 2009)
139,195 unit
140,304 unit
Agricultural land
73,869 ha
69,979 ha
Road
2,618 km
3,696 km
Seaport
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23
Airport/airstrip
8
13
Teacher
1,927 died
39,663 attended training
School
3,415 unit
1,759 unit
517 unit
1,115 unit
1,089 unit
3,781 unit
Health facility Religious facility
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LESSON 1: CONTEXTUALLY RELEVANT PROCESS IS NECESSARY TO ACHIEVE QUALITY RESULTS June 2007
HIGH FLEXIBILITY TO SUPPORT FAST DECISION-MAKING
December 2005 2005 December
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LESSON 2: PUBLIC PARTICIPATION IS KEY TO SUSTAINABLE OUTCOME Village planning ~ community participation at its best
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LESSON 3: ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT SUSTAINS PEACE RESOLUTIONS
PLANTATION PROGRAM FOR FORMER COMBATANT TSUNAMI SURVIVORS
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The historic peace agreement
Peace agreement between Government of Indonesia and Gerakan Aceh Merdeka – Helsinki, 15 August 2005 16
BEFORE
AFTER
LESSON 4: INVESTMENT IN HUMAN RESOURCES IS AS IMPORTANT AS INVESTMENT IN INFRASTRUCTURE
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LESSON 5: TRUST IS AT THE UTMOST IMPORTANCE Total Fund
102% by the end of operation
USD Billion
93% (during operation) 7.1
7.2 7,2 0.5
6.7
4.5
Damage assessment
Build Back Better
Pledged
Committed
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ASSETS MANAGEMENT IS DONE FULLY ACCOUNTABLY WITH GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM …TO HIGHLY ACCURATE GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM! FROMATHE CONVENTIONAL ASSET INVENTORY SYSTEM...
GPS coordinate
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CONTEXT OF THE 4TH HLPEP MEETING IN BALI 2012
31 Jul: Pengumuman TOR dan Panel 29 Ags: Videoconference CoChairs 21 Sep: Pembentukan Komnas 25 Sep: Pertemuan I (New York) 1 Nov: Pertemuan II (London)
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Tema: Global Partnership and Means of Implementation
• Pertemuan substantif terakhir (London: household poverty and human development, Monrovia: national building blocks for sustained prosperity)
• Tujuan umum: mencapai konsensus akan 1 Feb: Pertemuan III (Monrovia)
25-27 Maret 2013: Pertemuan IV (Bali) Mei: Pertemuan V / Penyerahan Rekomendasi kepada Sekjen PBB (New York) Sep 2013: laporan Sekjen PBB kepada Sidang Umum PBB
elemen-elemen laporan rekomendasi HLPEP yang akan diserahkan kepada Sekjen PBB pada Mei 2013
• Tujuan khusus: 1. Mendefinisikan global partnership dalam Agenda 2.
Pembangunan Pasca-2015 Mendorong usaha bersama untuk sustainable development dalam konteks global partnership
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STAKEHOLDERS CONSULTATION DAY: BALI, 25 MARCH 2013 CSO (100 orang)
Pemuda (100)
Swasta (100)
Convener: Indonesian Future Leaders, ARROW, UNFPA Youth Advocate
Convener: Indonesia Global Compact Network, Unilever
Sektor Publik (168)
Parlemen (150)
Akademisi (100)
Convener: Kantor Utsus Presiden RI untuk MDGs
Convener: DPR RI, UN Millennium Campaign
Convener: SBM-ITB, IIASA, Surya University
Convener: Kemitraan, INFID, CSO Asia Working Group Catatan: termasuk kelompok Perempuan
Please connect with conveners of your group 21
