INDEX
A. B.
Executive Summary of Workshop Results Project Planning (result of workshop) 1. Schematic 2. Project Planning Matrix (PPM) ( "Goal-Purpose-Res ul ts-Acti vi ties"
)
C.
Scope and Conbibutions of the German Project to NTVET
D.
Organizational Sfucture of the Indonesian€erman Gooperation on NTVET
E.
Functional Structure of the Indonesian-German Cooperation on NTVET
F.
Attachments (Documentation of Workshop)
1.
Workshop Agenda
2.
List of Participants
3
4
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6' 1""' :;"J, 7. 8. 9.
"tff
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Anarysis and proposed Activities
#l,',i,
Expectations of Participants from Workshop Evaluation of Workshop Proceedings and Results
List of Abbreviations
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BAPPE;\AS t;';.t*"'
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A,
Executive Summary
Infoduction During 1994, and in the course of accelerating activities of the Sistem Ganda project at the MOEC and the apprenticeship program at the MOM, a pressing need amongst the participating parties evolved to identify and incorporate the GTZ-NTVET project into their individual project plans, as well as to harmonize the various programs with overall national objectives in the field of technical and vocational education and training in Indonesia. Consequently, and in line with earlier agreed upon intentions to conduct a comprehensive uorkshop on TVET, GTZ has been entrusted to arrange for such an event. To accomplish sustainable and transparent results derived from the workshop proceedings, a methodology for the workshop procedures had to be chosen which enables the participants to erpress their individual interests as well as to merge those into a realistic objective driven concept of separate and joint project activities. The methodology chosen by GTZ, the
Objectives€riented Project Planning (ZOPP), is made mandatory within GTZ and its worldwide project activities since 19E3.
Results of the Workshop The uorkshop produced a vast number of input information and generated valuable outputs. Gombining the results with overall impressions derived from participants, the outcome can be summarized as follows:
1. -
-
-
Problem€rientedSubjects: although there exists an increasing awareness about the need for improved systems of vocational education and training, the ways and means to accomplish generally accepted objectives have not been clearly identified yet although there exist a number of basic agreements between ministries and employer associations, outlining common understanding to intensify exchange of information and to make jointly use of developed materials, a lack of established procedures prevent to enjoy sufficient and anticipated results the very important role of industry, as a driving force in vocational training, is neither strongly erpressed by industries and its representations nor sufficiently understood by the ministries, to be a trend setting party in terms of needed state-of-the-art skill requirements although there exist substantial materials at the ministries outlining concept of Sistem Ganda resp. Apprenticeship Programs, there exists an immanent need of concise project activity planning too
'
-
-
-
-
-
the necessity for concerted efforts to establish a good balance between supply and demand of skilled laborer, to be oriented on governmental long-term projections and through research on tomorrora/s need by the economy the need for promoting the development and implementation of occupational profiles, curricula, syllabi, examination and certification procedures, to be accepted in the "vrrcrld-of-work" and to become "standards" amongst the user and producer clientele of rrvell trained laborer the management of WET-related projects needs to be considerably improved; short- and long-term budget requirements to be established and financing resources to be identified; manpovver allocated to the projects is to be enlarged; task assignments and time allocation to be established; procedures of project monitoring and control to be implemented the need to support TVET through the existing Gouncil for Vocational Education (MPKN) and the establishment of a National Council of Technical and Vocational Education and Training (NCTVET); to develop a national policy towards a legal framework for an overall reform of the Indonesian dual vocational education and training system KADIN, trade associations and employers'federations to be more actively involved in the development of processes of conduct for vocational education and training in public schools and training centers, and into company based practicaltraining within Sistem Ganda and the apprenticeship system
the need to take stock of existing technical and financial assistance of multi- and bi-lateral donor activities related to WET; the necessity to include and possibly adopt current and future projects of donors and lending institutions into Sistem Ganda and Apprenticeship planning the lack of sufficiently trained human resources in the public vocational education and training system;
2. -
Activity€riented Proposals
-
set-up scope of project with mayor participants, e.g. at MOEC Balitbang, Dikmenjur, Kanwil's, school councils, schools, and companies; to set up an inter-agency group for steering coherent national training policies among parties concerned (preferably, this group shall be established through Presidential decree)
to carry out intensive Sistem Ganda and Apprenticeship campaigns, promoting intensive efforts needed to improve vocational skills on a broad national scale; aiming industry and commerce, related governmentaf institutions, community organizations as well as parents, students and trainees
to evaluate and support the quality and work of school councils; and to establish active participation of industry and commerce at all levels of activities
to set up project management teams, institutionalized by ministry decrees; to establish Project lmplementation Units (PlU); to specify budget iequirements for resource upgrade programs; develop organization structures, define role, responsibility and function of teams, procedures and time frames determine training and apprenticeship regulations for industry and commerce
coordinate activities of foreign donors related to WET (within ministries) establish a National Technical and Vocational Education and Training Board (NTVET) establish and conduct regular meetings between involved parties of TVET, to be organized through a to be formed special interministerial task force of BAPPENAS finalize the development of occupation profiles, curricula and syllabi/BCO and review those with companies and trade associations; select teaching and instruction materials from existing sources; create a recognized certification system for the new occupations and adopt those into collective labor agreements (CLA) develop and conduct teacher and staff upgrade programs for selected schools establish rraining Advisory services (TAS) as unit of training centers (BLR
develop rules and regulations of appointing and operating 5 sMK,s as model schools of Sistem Ganda
3.
Conclusions the workshop proved to erpress the great interest of the major Indonesian parties involved in TvET, which is supported by the numbeiof parties and participants and their full participation throughout the five days of seminar even amongst participants, there is need for more improved information about Sistem Ganda and the Apprenticeship program
within the MoEC, activities of DIKDASMEN, DIKMENJUR, BALITBANG and D I KLOSEP U RA require intensified coord ination, including activities and programs of foreign donors involved in Sistem Ganda
sistem Ganda activities at the MoEc require substantial upgrades, e.g.
-
-
in terms of development and implementation of teaching and instructional materials, occupation profiles ("Berufsbilder"), examination and certification procedures, both MOEC and MOM should increase its efforts to cross-exchange their materials, with the objective to accomplish joint standards at a national level
to accomplish anticipated and objective results from the acting model schools and BLI(TAS; it is mandatory to define and implement various additional actions
-
monitoring and control of project activities development and conduct of teacher and trainer upgrade programs development of an incentive program, in particular for teacher and trainer controlled implementation and utilization of newly developed teaching teaching and training materials
without full support of industry and commerce, there will be no malor breakthrough in terms of a demand and practice oriented skillful training and students and trainees.. This requires
4.
harmonization of current parallel activities (e.9. "Optimization/Track l" vs. 'Standardization/Track I l") formation of a Sistem Ganda project group (SPIU), being solely in charge for all activities related to WET formation of a Steering Committee, being in charge to oversee progress of proiect development of a combined budget for Sistem Ganda, including current and future programs of foreign aid
concurrent actions at employer level, e.g. strong support by l(ADlN, APINDO etc. at company level, intensified marketing of the Sistem Ganda and Apprenticeship program development of training concept and materials for companies
Follow-up
As this workshop served primarily the purpose to determine objectives and problems related to Sistem Ganda and the Apprenticeship Program, and consequently to define ne@ssary plan of actions for the individual parties involved, the participants agreed to proceed with the outcome of workshop results on institutional levels. It can be stated, that, at this time (April 95), and in terms of activity planning, considerable progress has been made at both MOEC and MOM.
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WWF Representation in Indonesia
World Wide Fund For Nature
Jl. Kramat Pela No. 3 Gandaria Utara Jakafta 12140 P.O. Box 7928 JKSKM Jakarta 12079
Tel. (0211 7203095, 7245766, 7256501 Telefax {021 ) 7395907
7 Juni. 1995
Kepada Yth. Ketua BAPPENAS
di-'
Jakarta
Dengan hormat,
Perihal: Taking Nature Into Account
Club of Juni, WWF International bekerjasama dengan 'Taking Nature rnto Rome dan partem.,' Eropa menyelenggarakan Konferensi internasional tersebut Account' di Brussels. fujuan diselenllarakannya konferensi global agar GDP dan indikator-indikator adalah untuk menciptakan suatu mom."t* kerusakan lingkungan' yang terkait lainnya memperhitungkan faktor [biaya] Baru-baru ini, 31 Mei
-I
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tahun terakhir ini' masalah Seperti kita ketahui bersama bahwa dalam sepuluh oraganisasi internasional serta tersebut semakin hangat di bicarakan dan beberapa kerusakan pemerintah UeUe.ufu" negara mulai mengkaji dan memperhitungkan mengenai suatu kerangka kerja dasar lingkungan ke dalam kegiatan ekonomi. Saat ini yakni 'UN Handbook on Integrated hal tersebut sedang digaiap dalam publikasi PBB dalam kaitannya dengan Environmental aid Ecorromi" Accounting'' Selain itu, anggota uni Eropa dihimbau konferensi internasional 'Taking Nature Into Account" tahun 1999 yang tertuang untuk merubah sistem perhitungan nasional mereka menjelang dalam'Action Plan for European Union'' oTaking momentum Sebagai salah satu organisasi pemrakarsa diluncurkannya tersebut WWF Nature IntoAccountt, pada kesempatan konferensi internasional for Nature"' Yang ditulis Internasional meluncurkan buku yang berj.rdul "Real Value Fulai Sheng' Buku oleh ahli ekonomi sumberdaya WWF Internasional yakni Mr' Indonesia Programme bersama ini tersebut merupakan buku terlaris di Eropa dan WWF mengirimkansatueksemplarkepadaBapaksebagaibahanreferensi.
ini bagi negara dengan Sebagai informasi, mengingat pentingnya konferensi maka wwF Indonesia kekayaan sumberdaya alam yung .*gui besar seperti Indonesia, konferensi tersebut di Prosramme telah menginformasikan secara luas mengenai Registerod as: WWF - Fondo Mondials Per la Natura wWF - Fondo Mondial para 18 Naturaleza wwF - Fonds Mondial Pour la Nature WWF - Welt Natur Fonds wwF - World Wids Fund For Nature
(lomerly wodd Witdlile
Fund)
President: HRH Tho Duko
of
Edinburgh
Vico Presidont & Hon. TGasutgl : Bsbar Ali Mce Prosidont : Ru$all E' Train Dirsctor General : Clauds Madin
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:
COOPERATION EftxlJCO IOoNES|A
Indonesia - German G oa ernmutt al C o oP q ation lrinirtry
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National Tcchnictl
BAPPENAS
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ud
Yocttionil Educttion & Training kogrtm
SYsten DcocloPmcnt
Participants of the ZOPP-Workshop
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Zustmman.ttait
Jakarta, June 8, 1995
Enclosed please find the final version of the ZOPP-workshop documentation.
We regret the delay, which was due to various technical reasons. However, data and materials generated in the workshop will be still extremely helpfulfor the ongoing activities on Technical and Vocational Education and Training Projects in Indonesia, in particular in the fietd of planning and cooperations between the multitude of involved parties. With best regards
B.J. Lasch Project Leader MOEC
H. Thiemann Project Leader MOM
*^ tt\*tf + /
L*-S-r
lndomrir - Garm.n T\ET - Proicct clo Gcdung BAPPENAS Jl. Sunda Kelapa No.7 Menteng Jakarta - Pu3at
Telp.
02 1.3156955, 3156956
Fax .021-3156955
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GERIVIAN CONTRIBUTION TO THE
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NWET PROGRAM (as per November 1994)
MOEC
MOM
BAPPENAS
2 long-term erperts
2 long-term erperts
1 long-term erpert (proiect coordinator)
short-term erperts (10 PM)
short-term erperts (10 PM)
short-term eperts (6 PM)
counterpart training (max. DM 400.000)
counterpart training (max. DM 400.000)
fellowships (DM 100.000)
10 C|M-erperts (2 yrs each, extension possible)
5 C|M-erperts (2 yrs each, extension possible)
2local consultants (36 PM)
KADIN MOI Company Prof. Associations long-term e>rperts (24 PM)
fellowships (DM 100.000)
24 PM local consultancy
(secretary, driver)
3 local staff (secretary, driver)
3 local staff (secretary, driver, translator)
1 local staff (driver)
equipment (max. DM 350.000)
equipment (max. DM 350.000)
equipment (max. DM 150.000)
equipment (max. DM 150.000)
operational costs (include. 1 car)
operational costs (include. 1 car)
operational costs (include. 1 car)
3local staff
Extension of grant since November 1994: DM 3.500.000 "PM":
person month
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GERMAN - INDONESIAN G OVERN M ENTAL COO PERATIO N
Promotion of the National Technical and Uocational Education and Training System (NTVET) Background: Industrial and economic globalisation impacts Indonesia twofold: lt creates the climate for beneficial investments and cooperations, but, it also promotes stiffer competition in the Asia Pacific region. lndonesia already made clear in which direction it has to move in approaching future development of its economy, by means of developing its human resources. Education and professional skills are the most important determinants of economic competitiveness. To ensure economic growth, Indonesia has to considerably improve the quality of its laborforce torvards a high level of professional expertise, to enable industry to compete in global markets with the quality, price and appearance of its goods. Essentially, professional expertise contains elements of science, technique and art. Art cannot be studied but must be mastered. Previous ways of obtaining manufacturing skills have been primarily obtained through on the job training. Structured and organized vocational education and training, although for many years existing in this country, are still an exception, and do not by far meet the demand of industry. Therefore, Indonesian institutions involved in human resource development (e g. the Ministry of Education and Culture, the Ministry of Manpower, the Ministry of Industry, Employer Associations, National Planning
Board etc.), have decided to develop and implement new and enhanced systems for vocational education and training. The longlasting relationship between the two countries has led to a situation, where the German "Dual System" has been selected to serve as a guiding system for developing a corresponding Indonesian Vocational Education and Training System (NTVET). Starting in 1992, GTZ con-
ducted several studies, seminars and workshops, in order to promote a new approach of upgrading professional skills, on a large scale and throughout the country. Late 1993, GTZ in cooperation with ClM, the German industry and other German institutions, started to allocate considerable manpower resources and funds (funded by the Federal German government and the State of Baden-WUrttemberg) in assistance for the Indonesian government. Since then cooperation has developed and intensified, various activities have started.
Objectives: The aim of this project is:
1. 2. 3. 4.
to eliminate the increasrng shortage of skilled labor in Indonesian industry, commerce and public services to combat youth unemployment to develop an appropriate strategy on occupationaleducation and training for promoting a competitive economic development, and to contribute to harmonious social changes in Indonesia to develop and implement a cooperative (dual) and nationwide system of vocational education and trainino. below the tertiarv education level.
IN HUMAN RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT
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WORKSHOP AGEI\DA
08.30
Registration
09.00
-
Opening Speakers
:
Dr. Ir. Muslimin Nasution, BAPPENAS hof Dr. Ir. Sri Hardjoko, MoEC
Presentation ofthe project situation, history purpose
workSop Dr. Diehl German TeamLeader
-
Purpose ofworkshop
-
Prese,ntation ofparticbating institutionVcoryanies
Mr. Machrany, MA. DiPl. Ed. 10.30
-
10.45
Cof[ee break
10.45
-
12.30
-
t2.30 - 14.00
Prese,ntationofworkshopprocedure Dr. Gaqparyltvlr. Faisal Expectations of Participants Presentation ofZOPP-Method and the ZOPp-Planning Matrix
Lunch break
14.00
-
15.30
Group sessions (4 groups)
15.30
-
1s.45
Coffee break
15.45
-
17.15
Group sessions (contd) Dinner
19.00
20.00 -open
end
Group sessions
of
-
Introduction ofthe Project Planning Matrix (PPM) Presentation ofoverall goal and project pu{pose Prese,ntationofResult/outputs Discussion and goup assignme,lrt
08.30
-
10.30
10.30
-
10.45
Coffee break
10.45
-
12.30
Group work session Project Planning Matrix review Rezuhs to be achieved Activities ofproject
t2.30 - 14.00
Lunch break
.
14.00
-
15.30
15.30
-
15.45
Coffee break
15.45
-
t7 _15
Presentation of group work resuhs Resufts to be achieved
Cross-cheok of the activities stated in the groups
-
Activities ofproject
Functional structures of the project
-
10.30
10.30
-
10.45
Coffee break
10.45
-
12.30
Project Planning Matrix (contd.)
08.30
Project Planning Matrix (contd.) Activities ofproject
-
-
Activities ofproject
Prese,ntation of group work resuhs 12.30
-
14.00
Lunch break
14.00
-
15.30
Functional Stnrctures ofNTVET program ofthe Indonesian - German cooperation
15.30
-
15.45
Coffee break
15.45
, 17.15
Plenum - hese,ntation of Project Planning Matrix
-
Presentation of functional structures ofNTVET project
08.30
-
10.30
Introduction to the Plan ofActivities Group assignme,lrts: Activities/sub-activities Schedule and time frame
10.30
-
10.45
Coffee break
10.45
-
12.30
Group work session Plan ofActivities
-
Presentation of group work rezuhs 12.30
-
14.00
Lrmch break
14.00
-
15.30
Group work session (oontd.) Plan ofActivities
15.30
-
15.45
Coffee break
15.45
-
17.15
Group work session (contd.) Plan ofActivities
-
11.30
09.00
-
-
I1.30 - 13.00 13.00
-
16.00
aration for Presentation (Working Group) Pre,p
Lrmch presentation of tle Result and Conclusing Remark by Dr.k. Muslimin Nazution, BAPPENAS Dipl.-Ing. Ifuipschild, German Embassy Drs. Andi Sangadji Rachnan, MOM Prof Dr. k. Sri Harjoko, MOEC Ir. Sumama / k. Sucipto, KADIN
-
Ih. M. Diehf GTZ Closing
16.00
-
17.00
Press Conference
F.2.
List of Participants
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Position / Institution
Name
Nr. ,i.,tiif
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Diol.-lno. W. Knipschild 2 Mr. Binder 1
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German Embassv Swiss Embassv
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3 4
Dr. lr. Muslimin Nasution Drs. Maman Setiawan lt/lA
5 6
Drs. Luckv Firmandv Mr. Machrany, IVLA, Dipl.Ed.
iil us i 7
lr. Djumarnan
8
I
Drs. Chaerudin lr. Johny Basri Rusli
10
lr. Dame V. Sihotang
11
Mrs. Sri Noto \Mryaningsih, SMl, MLIR
12
Drs. Armand
13 Mr. Eddy Bachtari 14 Dr. Slamet 15 lr. Susilowati 16 Mr. Dasuki 17 Mr. Bambanq Parekisit 18 Dr. Bambano lndrivanto 19 Mrs. Srie Peryati Martono 20 Mr. Yahya Umar, Ph.D. 21 Mr. M. Bakri N.
Dep. Ghairman for Economics Head, Bureau of Manpower and Emplovment Developmenv Proiect Coordinator Proiect Coordinator l.iiiriiiiiil;,iiiiiiil:r:ii;i
j.iir,ri i.ir*ili i ili
Director for Wood and Rattan Industry Director for Prooram Development Head of Subdir. for Program Develooment Head of Subdir. for Climate and Technical Cooperation for Program Development Head of Section for Industrial Linkages, Directorate for Wood and Rattan Industry Head of Subdir. for Program Development
Staff of Dir.Gen. Out-of-School lKlP, Yogyakarta Staff of Dikmeniur Staff of Dikmeniur Staff of Dikmeniur Staff of Puslitbanq Staff of Curriculum Development Head of Center for Examination Staff of Center for Curriculum Dev.
22
Prof. Dr.lr. Sri Hardjoko Wirjomatono
23 24 25 26 27
Mr. Mansyur Syah Mr. Joko Sutrisno Mr. John Natan Mr. Ray Powell Drs. J. Pakpahan
:i
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Head of Center of Research and Development Staff of Dikmeniur Deoutv VEDC Malang Consultant IATVEP. B, Australia Consultant IATVEP. B, Australia Director of Dikmeniur i:,il ll
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28 29 30 31
32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41
42 43 44 45 46
lr. S. Sinurat Drs. N. Tariqan lr. Bambano Nurdono Drs. Muii Santoso Drs. lpin Supendi Drs. Yahva Daulav Drs. Kasman Barus Mr. Purwanto Drs. Widodo Parvitno Mr. Odih Siarifudin Mr. Tuminoal Hadi Mr. Retno Sudibvo Drs. Sutanto Mr. Antonius Slamet Mr. Sumartono Adikusmo SH lr. Hasan Muchlvs lr. Hasan Siregar Drs. Machmud Drs. M.A. Suthisna
iG
Head of Subdir. Head of Subdir. Head of Subdir. Head of BLK Pasar Rebo Head of BLK Uiunq Pandang Head of BLK Pandung Head of BLK Palembang Head of BLK Sinsisari Staff of Kanwil Jawa Timur Head of BLK Wonoiati Malang Head of BLK Cilacap Goordinator of TAS Head of Div. for Training & Produc{iv. Head of BLK Semarang Staff of BLK Semarang Head of BLK Cevest Bekasi Head of BLK Medan Head of BLK Samarinda Director of Apprenticeship Developm.
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47 Mr. Oev Yam Tihioe 48 Mr. Moh. Romli 49 Drs. Rukmana 50 Drs. ToniYuliandi 51 Drs. Muradi SW 52 Mr. Hermana 53 lr. Sulaiman 54 Drs. Soedarsono 55 Drs. Mukhidin 56 Mr. Sudioko 57 Mr. Said Syahar, SH 58 Drs. Nanan Subrana 59 lr. Kaka T. Rohana 60 Dipl.-Kaufm. Suryanto Sosrodioio
P.T. Sinar Wira Utama P.T. Bukaka Tehnik Utama P.T.Bukaka Tehnik Utama P.T. Krakatau Steel P.T. Krakatau Steel P.T. Dahana, Tasikmalaya P.T. Boma Bisma Indra P.T. Barata Indonesia P.T. INTI P.T. Temtaco P.T. Te>cnaco P.Tp. PINDAD P.T. PINDAD P.T. Gerbans Tehnik Gikarans
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62 63 64 65
Dr. lr. Sudarvanto lr. Sumarna F. Abdurahman, Msc Drs. Morse Soekendra Mr. Zulkifli, SE Mr. Achsin Zaidy, SH
66
Dra. Eva Survani
61
Staff of P.T. LEN Exec. Dir. of YPSDM KADIN St#f of BPIS Staff of BPIS Vice Chairman of Sector Metal, Electronoc & Mechanic, SPSI Staff of APINDO :::::.:::: :::::
iii :,,1
67 68 69 70
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Mr. An Nhon Nquven Mr. Jim Budihario Mr. Mark Casey Mr. Erich Kuhn
Mr. Andi Remy Rohadian 72 Mrs. Weiss 73 Mr. J. Schlashecke 74 Mr. U. Klaws, Dipl.-lng. 71
75 Dr. Gasparv 76 Mr. Faisal Dialal 77 Mrs. Eri Adhi 78 Mr. Thiemann 79 Mr. Ludwio 80 Dr. M. Diehl
Mr. Franklin Mr. G. Lasch Mr. E. Weiss Prof. Dr. E. Frev Mr. Bauer Mr. O. Auoe Mrs. Ratna A. Lavcock Mr. O. Schobinser Mr. Schroth Mr. Armansiah 91 Ms. Siti lsikanah 92 Mr. Jamal 93 Ms. Nia Kurniati
81
82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90
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ADB Festo Didactic Gen. Manager Festo Didactic Technical Advisor of Woodworking Traininq Center
tLo Dir. Yavasan Bina Eksekutif Manasins Dir. CDC Advisor to VEDC Malang (Swiss Contact)
Moderator Moderator (Emtece Gonsultindo) u
Sen. Techn. Advisor MOM MOEC Program Coordinator NTVET, BAPPENAS GTZ Team Leader PNG Short Term E>oert MOEC
Consultant NTVET GTZ Headquarter Director GTZ PAO Jakarta Staff of GTZ PAO Consultant NTVET MOEC BLIB
Workshop Coordin. (Emtece Consult) Workshop Secret. '' c
T
Secret. of NWET MOM
6
LOKAKARYA German lndonesia Technical Cooperation Technical ancl Vocational Education and Training Program ( TVET
)
- System Development Project Puncak Pass Hotel, Ciloto Cianjur, 21, - 25 November L994 attttl
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Konsep
KATA PEMBUKAAN Oleh
:
Dr. Ir. Muslimin Nasution Deputi Bidang Ekonomi BAPPENAS
Asssalamualaikum Wr. Wb.
Bapak-bapakr. , Ibu-ibu dan Saudara-saudara peserta Lokakarya Perencanaan Pengembangan Sisbm Pendidikan Kejuruan Tehnik dan Pelatihan.
Terlebih dahulu saya mengucapkan terima kasih atas kehadiran Bapak, Ibu, dan Saudara di Lokakarya ini memenuhi undangan kami. Pembangunan yang kita laksanakan kini akan mengakhiri tahun pertarna REPELITA VI dan akan memazuki tahun ke 2. Seperti telah kita ketahui bersama dalam rangka meningkatkan peran s€rta, efisiensi dan produktivitas rakyal kerjasa:rra kemikaan antara lembaga pendidikan dengan dunia usaha diupayakan agar ditingkatkan, antara lain melalui pengembangan sistem pemagangan.Dalarn ptd$ itu dikeu'rbangkan mekanisme kerja salna yang.saling tnengunttrngkan antara lernbaga pendidikan dan dunia usaha.
Selanjubrya dalam program pelatihan dan peningkatan
kehampilan tenaga kerja Repelita VI disebutkan, bahrva perencanaan dan pelaksanaan pelatihan ketrampilan diselenggarakan kerja saina dengan pengguna terraga kerja atau perusahaan melalui pemagangan , pelatiiran di tempat kerja dan pelatihan bagi pekerja. Untuk itu dilaksanakan pembaharuan pelatihan tenaga kerja Bapak, Ibu dan Saudara peserta Lokakarya,
Lokakarya ini berupaya menyusun Perencanaan bagaimana sebaiknya kerja sama kemitraan antara lembaga pendidikan dan lembaga pelatihan dengan dunia usaha. Demikian pula bagaimana tnenyelenggarakan
i:.t1-"-*-a Per-encanaan dan pelaksanaan pelatihan kehampilan yang dapat diterima semua pihak dan ditindut t*ir',U *.iru nyata. Dengan dasar pemikiran tersebug rokakarya berfujuan unfuk membuat perencanaan dalam upaya : 1. pelatihan -Menghubungkan sistem pendidikan kejuruan tehnik dan ,,demand ketrampilan dengan kebutuhan indushi dan dunia usa-ha kearah oriented NTVET System ,,, 2' Membantu Depdikbud dala-rrr kegiatannya mengembangkan dan menerapkan "Sistem Ganda" dan Depnaker dengan sistem pemagangannya sesuai dengan standard nasional yang diinginkan, 3. Membantu KADIN, asosiasi profesi clan lain-lain agar dapat menyumbangkan buah pikirannya dan berperan aktif secara berkesinLbungan dalam program pendidikan kejuruan dan petatihan.ketrampilan, 4. Menyusun " Joint operabion plan " untuk NTVET-system . Development Project sela.ma kurun waktu |gg4 - ir996, 5. Lain-lain yang kiranya dapat dibaca dalam ToR, yang dilampirkan pada surat undangan kami. unfuk- menyusun rencana dimaksud, maka pad,a lokakarya ini diund-ang peserta dari pemerintah, termasuk penyelenggaia pendidikan dan peiabihan ketrampilan, dunia usaha, KADIN, -aJsiasi plof*si dan lain lain. lokakarya ini untuk menyusun perencanaan ini digunakan Metode ?*l ZOPP y{rg memakan waktu selama lima hari.
Kami sangat mengharapkan peran serta aktif Bapak, Ibu dan terEri dalam TOi{ dapat dibahas bersama, sehingga hasilnya dapat dijadikan landasan dan p"g*gu. dala:rr proyek buntoun yaitu pengembangan sistem pendiiik-an lejuruan tehnik dan pelarihan ferman, ketra-urpilan nasional yang sesuai d".,g* perkembangan ekonomi, sosial,
Saudara agar hrjuan yang
budaya Indonesia.
Bapak dan Ibu serta Saudara peserta Lokakarya,
Hal-hal lain yang kiranya juga perlu dibahas selain dari yang telah disebutkan diatas, upaya standaidisasi kwalifikasi kehampilan, uji -lencakup kehampilan, sertifikasi ketrampilan dan kelembagaannya serta akreditasi lembaga penyelenggara/pengu;i ketrarnpilan Peran aktif dunia usaha clan asosiasi profesi sebagai pengguna hasil pendidikan kejuruan dan pelatihan ketrampilan sangat diharapian dalam perencanaan dan pelaksanaan operasional upaya tersebut diatas.
Demikian sarnbutan singkat kami dan dengan mengucap syukur kepada Tuhan YME dengan ini lokakarya perencanaan dibuka. wa Billahi raufiq wal Hidayah wassalamuaraikum wr. wb.
Opening Speech bY Prof. Dr.lr. Sri Hardjoko Wiriomatono
8
NatLonal Technlcal and VocatLonal Education and TralnJ.ng Program (tflMT) - System Development proJ ect 1
.
PENDAESIJUA}I.
Peningkatan sumber Daya Manusia (SDM) Eelah diE,et,apkan menjad.i sarah saEu kebijaksanaan pembangunan nasional seperti yang dapaE disimak baik pada GBHN 1993, maupun penjelasan kebijaksanaan pada PJP
II.
Dalam kerjasama ekonomi di kawasan esia - pasifik, APEC, pengembangan SDM aEau Human Resources Development salah sacu t,opik yang seralu dibahas karena penEingnya, baik dalam perE,emuan
penjabaL senior (SDM) , Miniterial Meet.ing (MM) , maupun dalam APEC Leader Economic Meecing (ALEM). Khusus dalam MM ke vI di Jakarta yang berakhir pada tanggal LZ Nopember 1994, satu-satunya deklarasi yang diusulkan Indonesia dan diterima adalah deklarasi dalam SDM (HRp declaration). Semua anggaut.a APEC mengakui bahwa kerjasama ekonomi yang disepakat,i memerlukan aktivicas disegala bidang yang EerkaiL dengan kegia[an kerjasama ekonomj., sep-rEi Trade & InvesmenE,, menyangkut sistem monet,air, perpajakan, t.ransport.asi, dan rain-rain. smarl and Medium EnE,erprises, transfer of knowhow & E.echnorcay, standardisasi, dan tain-lain.
I.nfra st,ructure : pelabuhan, jalan raya, t.enaga lisErik,
t.elekomunikasi, dan lain-lain. Kesemua bidang dan sub0bidang yang ada selalau membahas SDM -pendidikan, pelat,ihan, dan
pengamanannya
Dari uraian ini jelas
bahwa pengembangan SDM adalah langkah yang sangat. pent,ing dan st,raE,egis dalam upaya pengembangan ekonomi.
2. PEIIDIDIKA}T TENAGA KERJA INDUSTRI ENGINEERING 2.L IITDONESIA. Unt.uk menunj ang kegiatan ekonomi , khususnya menu j u ke indusi:rialisasi t.anpa mengabaikan pert.anian, pemerint,ah telah menempuh upaya-upaya untuk membentuk Eenaga kerja indusE,ri yang diperlukan dalam kegiatan ekonomi, khususnya Calam induscrialisasi. Upaya-upaya di atas masih dianggap belum cukup at,au memadai bagi kebut,uhan SDM IndusEri, baik secara kuancitatif maupun kualitaEif. Dari srawancara kami dengan bdrbagai pimpinan perusahaan industri engineering dapat, diperoleh daea bahwa lulusan STM yang ada tidak memuaskan kinerjanya (performance-nya), sehingga beberapa perusahaan yang besar dan relaE,if modern lebih banyak mengambil tenaga lulusan Sl4A yang kemudian dilaLih yang mana kadang-kadang memuaskan wakE,u 3 tahun, suatu usaha yang patut. dihargai E.eCapi t.idak ef isien dilihat. dari segi wakt.u dan biaya. Pemilihan oleh sebagian perusahaan pada lulusan Sl4A dan bukan pada lulusan STM unt.uk dididik menjadi tenaga kerja Lerampil di indusLri engineering ini sesuai dengan studi penelusuran lulusan STM yang ada, dimana lulusan STM yang seharusnya lebih cepaE. mendapackan pekerjaan ternyata sama dan bahkan lebih lama unEuk mendapaEkan pekerjaan bila dibanding dengan lulusan SMA.
9
surnber dan sErukEur tenaga
kerja di industri engineering
pada
saat, ini ridak begitu jeras polanya. Tecapi secara umum surnber dan sEnrkt,ur ketenaga-kerjaan dalam indusEri (engineering) kurang lebih seperEi digambarkan pada gambar 1. Dari pola penyediaan t,enaga pada gambar 1 ini, Eidak semua perusahaan melakukan pelatihan (training) bagi tenaga baru sebelum dipekerjakan. Lama pelat,ihan bervariasi terganEung dari t,ersedJ-anya tempat, pelatihan. Dari gambaran i-ni E,erIihat bahwa st,andar pelat.iihan belurn t,erbent.uk baik yang menyangkut wakLu substansi, sarana, dan
pelaksanaan t,raining. SaIah saEu sebab rerjadinya keadaan demikian adalah belum atau cidak adanya sertifikasi tenaga kerja,
kecuali beberapa seperE,i t,ukang 1as. 2.2 IITDIA,
KOREA,
dan
SINGAPIIRA
Unt.uk membandingkan keadaan tenaga kerja industri khususnya yang menyangkut pendidikan, pelat.ihan dan sertifikasi di sajikan keadaan dibeberapa negara yang sedang melaksanakan usaha indust,rialisasi, yaiL.u rndia, Korea dan Singapura pada perioda t,ahun 70 -an.
a.
India.
rndia t,e1ah lama mengembangkan vocaE.ional Training Institut.e. Ada kelebihan-kelebihan yang dimiliki sistem di India, dimana kebyakan indusLri ukuran menengah dan besar standard yang i.elah melakukan dengan kualifikasi digariskan. Dalam hal ini, sistem, substansi, prbcess dan sarananya termasuk para pelatih Eelah di-scandarkan. Para pelatih selain diambil diantara pekerja Erampil yang berpengalaman, mereka juga harus masuk pendidikan dengan seleksi yang ketaE,. India yang memiliki industri kecil dalam jumlah besar, yang dapac merupakan indust,ri kecil yang berafiliasi dengan industri besar dan didirikan secara berkeJ-ompok dalam suatu Lingkungan rndustri Kecil (I,IK) dan dikenal sebagai arrcilary j-ndust,ries, aLau merupakan industri kecil yang t.akcerkait. UnE,uk mengisi t.enaga kerja bagi j-ndustri keciL ini pemerinE,ah mendirikan pusat-pusat latihan Yang discandarkan.
industri di India dilakukan oleh KemenErian Tenaga Kerja, sedangkan pendidikan formal dilakukan oleh KemenErian Pendidikan. Jalur pembinaan pendidikan dan pelatihan, serta perpindahan dari pendidikan formal ke pelacihan dapat, dilihaE pada gambar 2. Pembinaan Lenaga kerja
b.
Korea Selatan
Korea SelaEan membentuk t.enaga kerja dengan jalan pendidikan dan pelatihan. Program pendidikan dan pelat.ihan di Korea dapaE Oititrac pada gambar 3, sedangkan serEifikasi dilakukan sepert.i pada garnbar 4.
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Singapore. Singapore pada prinsipnya membentuk cenaga kerja kejuruan seperEi halnya Korea SelaLan. Skema pendidikan dan
pelacihan Singapore dapat, diLihat pada gambar 5. Pada dasarnya semua pekerja di Singapore harus memiliki sertifikat, kompetensi, bahkan bagi seorang operator Iifepun. Hanya dengan memiliki sertifikat kompeE,ensi seseorang boleh bekerja sesuai profesinya Gamlcaran program/skema pendidikan di t.iga negara tersebut, adalah keadaan pada kira-kira 15 t,h. yang lalu. Keadaan saaE ini mungkin telah berubah. Hal ini. dipakai sebagai pembanding bahwa pada negara indusEri baru E,ersebut sudah menyi-apkan t,enaga kerja jauh sebelumnya dan dengan cara yang distandarkan dan d.engan sertifikasi unt,uk menent,ukan dan menjamin kualiE,asnya. 3
.
KEBI]ITUEAI.I
DA}I PENGADNU{ TENAGA KERTA.
Itengingat, rancangan pembangunan dalam PJPIf dan hasil perEemuan APEC maka sudah sewajarnya bila Indonesia segiera mengambil l-angkah yang terdifinisi dan kcnsi-sLen dalam pengembangan SDM, sesuai dengan kebijaksanaan pembangunan ekonomi. Pentbangunan SDM bukan hanya kewajiban Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan, t.etapi juga DeparE,emen Tenaga Kerja dan rnsE,ansi/r,embaga lain yang E,erkaiE,. Pada kenyat,aannya memang Eelah berjalan demikian, namun belum t.erlihat jelas adanya konsisEensi, dan kontinuitas dalam pembinaan atau pembangunan SDM ini, disamping belum E,erasanya koordinasi yang mengarah pada sEandardisas j. dan konsiscensi dalam pelakasanaannya. Pada saaE ini pembangunan SDM indusEri uE,amanya dilakukan oleh 2 Deparcemen. DeparEemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan melaksanakan
melalui jalur sekolah oleh DirekEorat Pendidikan Kejuruan, dan jalur luar sekolah oleh DirektoraE ,Jendral Luar Sekolah Pemuda dan Olah Raga. Depart.emen Tenaga Kerja melaksanakan pembinaan bagi tenaga kerja yang telah bekerja di perusahaan maupun calon pekerja, yang pada dasarnya telah selesai aE.aupun put.us sekolah. Keadaan ini kuiang. lebih mirip siEbm pembinaan SDM India. 3 .1 STAIIDAR KUALIFIKASI DAlf ,JENIS TENAGA KER\IA. Pengernlcangan SDM secara E,erarah dan konsisLen memerlukan dat,a dasar awal keadaan ketenaga-kerjaan, seperti jenis dan jumlah yang dibutuhkan dan standar kualifikasi. Berdasarkan data awal ini dan rencana pengembangan ekonomj., dengan rincian pembidangannya atau sekEornya, maka perkiraan jenis dan jumlah tenaga kerja dapac dilaksanakan dengan lebih t,epaE.. Percanyaan t,imbul, anEara lain : DapaE,kah jenis dan jumlah dan E,enaga kerja diperkirakan?. Bagaimana kualifikasi pelacihan/ t,empaE penyenj angannya? . Eelah Apakah E,ersedia pendidikan, lengkap dengan sarananya? . Unt.uk menjawab pert.anyaanpertanyaan Lersebut diperlukan usaha terpadu antara para pemakai atau calon pemakai serta inseiCusi yang berwewenangt dan bertanggung jawab dalam pengembangan SDM. Langkah diatas adalah Iangkah yang ideal dan memerlukan waktu yang cukup panjang, serta
kesungguhan.
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3.2
KOORDINASI DAII PEIIBIAYAA}I USAEA
DI
DEPARTEIIEN P&K.
menunggu langkah-rangkah diacas dan dengan kebijaksanaan :?*-bir lr-nl< and mat,ch dan diterj emahkan dengan sistem ganda dalam pendidikan kejuruan baik melalui jalur sei
-
kelgmpok L,_ menangani masalah kebijaksanaan umum dengan staf utama dari Balit.bang. 2, menangani masalah pendidikan ganda di Dit.menjur \"rompok dengan st,af utama dari DiCmenjur -Oikdasmen. kglompbk 3, menangani masatah pendidikan ganda di Dit,jen Diklusepora.
Meskipun pada dasarnya ketiga kerompok diaLas datam saE,u atap Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan, terynata mengalami j"gl masarah-masalah yang menyangkut, Koordinaji, yait,u lnrara rain
-
kurang komunikasi
tidak jelas siapa yang menjadi pusat, koordinasi anggaran yang memang cidak jelas alokasinya.
Meskipun ada masalah diaEas, berkat, ketekunan pihak, crz dan keberadaannya .9i Departemen p&K, dapaL mendorong kearah penyusunan kebijaksanaan dan software, ant.ara lain :
-
penenEuan prioritas jenis kejuruan penyusunan garis besar pengajaran prektek untuk beberapa kej uruan pemilihan lokasi sekorah untuk uji coba dan seterusnya.
Pekerjaan lebih lanjut, yang diharapkan adalah
:
-
definisi kuarifikasi ket,rampilan untuk masing-masing jenis dan penyusunan prioricasnya software pendidikan praktek ketrampilan standar pelaksanaan pendidikan definisi kualifikasi staf pengajar/j-nstruktur pendidikan ganda unt.uk masing-masing jeniJ fendidikan kerefampiran kurikulum lengkap
3.3
RooRDrNAsr usAHA pn.rcADA.a.N TENAGA KERJA.
penyusunan peralat,an pendidikan prakEek * school training equipment * company Lrairting equipmenE * school-company Eraining eq.
KiEa semua menget.ahui bahwa pengadaan tenaga kerja, bukan hanya 91"1 _Deparcemen P&K . , Departemen tenagi rcerj a, oeparE,emen PerindusLrian dan Departemen lainpun juga melaksanakanny-a. Kalau kiEa bacasi masalahirya hanya paha injcansi yang dibant.u oleh pihak GTZ-Jerman, maka masalahnyapun sudah cui.up-rumit.
t7
Marilah kit.a berusaha berpikir kearah t,argeE yang sama : pembenE,ukan Eenaga kerj a yang bermuE,u dan handal, melalui pendidikan dan peraE.ihan yang L.erst.andarkan dengan menuju sj.st,em sertifikasi Eenaga kerja. unc.uk maksud ini maka perru langkah akrediE,asi secara nasional dan bert,anggung jawab, hingga siapipun dan dimanapun dilaksanakan pendidikan dan peJ.atihannya mutu dapac
dijamin secara nasional, regional dan inE,ernasional. 4
.
INSTITUST NASIONAL.
Penanganan pendidikan dan pelacihan t.enaga kerja
yang
tersertifikasi memerlukan usaha kolektif dari semua pihak yang Lersangkut dan berkepent,ingan. Dengan memakai kembali pemikiran kami terdahulu, yang kami lontarkan dalam Rapat kerja DeparE,emen P&K tahun 1993, maka disaj ikan gambar 6. Bagan koordinasi dan pelaksanaan Link & March pendidikan Kejuruan. Pada saaE. ini Departemen P&K Eelah membentuk Majelis Pendidikan Kejuruan
Nasional.
dasar garnbar 5, dicoba dianalisa kesuliE,an mana yang akan timbul mengingat keterbaLasan yang ada L. Pembentukan insEitusi koordinasi yang t,elah ada, perlukah
Dengan
:
unE,uk disempurnakan?
2. 3.
4.
.
Penyusunan kurikulum umum, mengingaL keterbaEasan waktu dan tenaga ahli dari kalangan swasEa maupun pemerinE,ah non Depart,emen P&K.
spesifik yang dibagi : BaliCbang aEau Dikmenjur/ niflusepora. : BaIiEbang, Oikmenjur, Diklusepora
Penyusunan kurikulum
a. b. Uj
a. b.
Teori Prakt,ek
ian
Teori Prakt,ek
:
kesemuanya dibantu GTz.
: dibagi menjadi 2 : BaliEbang atau DiE,menjur : sekolah luar sekolah : BaliE,bang atau Diklusepora : harus mengikuti sist,em/jiringan nasional sertifikasi, masalah yang utama adalah cenaga ahli uj ian prakE.ek baik di PemerinEah maupun di rnciust.ri/Swasta, :
:
masih langka.
5.
Guru dan inst.rukcur yang mut.u dan kualif ikasinya perlu didef inisikan. Diperkirakan untuk guru perlu perbaikan mut.u pendidikannya : IKIP , Universitas atau Politeknik ?. Instruktur akan mengalami kesuliLan dalam pengadaannya, karena menyangkut kerelaan pihak swast.a unt,uk melepas st,afnya untuk dididik; pendidikan : TTUC, VTUC, Polit,eknik, BLIB, FIPIC-ITB.
Baliebang sangaE mendukungi usaha pelaksanaan uji coba sist.em ganda pada Iima jenis sekolah, dan dari ujj- coba masalah-masalah diacas menjadi lebih jelas aLau dapaL t.erjawab. Ada kemungkinan timbulnya masalah lain yang belum kami perkirakan sebelumnya.
1ff
KONSEP ''LINK
& MATCH'' DAI.AM PENDIDIIGAI KE.JURUAN Koordinasi Pelaksanaan Sistem Pendiditan ftei;*t"r profesi antara pemerintah dan Dunia usaha inaain) /
Ganrbar
6
Bagan Koordlnasl clan pelai<sanaan (suatu gagasan)
t9
Demikian sumbangan pemikiran, harapan dan persoalan yang dapaE, saya sampaikan. Mudah-mudahan Workshop ini dapat memberikan
jawaban, rekomendasi at,aupun pemikiran lain untuk menuju t.ercapainya SDM yang berkualitas, handal dan luwes untuk mengikuE,i perubahan yang terjadi secara globaI
PUNCAK,
2L Nopember
1994
Prcf .Dr. Ir. Sri HarCjoko wirjomartono
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Combined Problem Analysis and Proposed Activities GROUP
I
Moderator:
Maurice
Participants:
mostly from MOEC
Questions:
A.
Wtrat are the problems and wtrich activities should MOEC carry out to develop and implement Sistem Ganda, with specific relevance towards the development and implementation of a National Technical and Vocational Education and Training Program (NTVET)?
B.
How can MOM and MOI be linked with Sistem Ganda?
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Moderator:
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Participants: Johny Basri Rusli; Sri Noto Wirya Ningsih; Hasan Muchlys; Mahmud; Purwanto; Sumartono Adikusmo; Antonius Slamet; Tumingal Hadi; Kasman Barus; Thiemann; R. Sudibyo; Binder, Bakri; Soedarsono; Mukhidin
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Moderator:
Faisal Djalal
Participants:
Oey Yam Tjhioe; Said Syafar; SH; Nana Subrana; Armand; Suryanto Sosrodjojo; Hasan Sirgar; Morse Soekendra; Djoko Sutrisno; Sudioko; Hermana; Kaka T Rohana; Eva Suryani; Odih Syarifudin; Erch Kuhn; Bambang Parikesit; Yahya Daulay; Susilowati
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Moderator:
Gaspary
Participants:
Bambanglndriyanto;Sutanto;Sulaiman;LuckyFirnandy; Bambang Nurdono; N. Tarigan; Sri Peryati Martono; Andi Remy Rahadian; Frey; Ratna; Zulkikli; Machrany; Achmad Dasuki; Diehl
Question:
Wrich activities should BAPPENAS carry out
a) b)
to establish a national concept for NWET, and
to link the programs of Sistem Ganda and Apprenticeship System,
with regard to coordinate multi- and bi-lateral donor agencies?
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:
German Indonesian Technical Cooperation
National Technical and Vocational Education and Training Program (NTVET) -System Developmort ProJ ectPuncak Pass Hotel. November 2I to 25- 1994
Groups work for Project Planning Matrix
Mr. Ludwig
Mr. Sctrlaghecke
Mr. Schobinger
Mrs. Sri Noto Wiryanings Mr. Said Syahar
Mr. Moh Romli
Mrs. Weiss
Mr. Slamet
Mr. Sumartono Adikusmo Mr. Bakri
Mr. Sudjoko
| *
Mr. Nanan Sutamo Mr. N. TaigNt
Suryanto Sosrodjoj Mr. Erich Kuhn
Mr. Kaka T. Rohan
I
Mr. Bambang Parikes Mr. Hasan Siregar
I\,Ir. Mansyur
Mr
Mr. Mudji Santoso
Mr. Morse
Mr. Yahya Daulay
Mrs. Srie Peryati
Mr. R. Sudibyo
Mr. Muradi
Mr. Hasan Mucttlys
Mr. Soelaiman
Mr. Antonius Slamet
Mr. Armand
Mr. Kasman Barus
Mr. Rukmana
Mr. Tumingal Hadi
Mr. Soedarsono
Mr. Ipin Supendi
Mr. Joko Sutrisno
Mr. Sutanto
Mr. Sudaryanto
Mr. Purwanto
Mr. Weiss
Mr. Odih Syaritudi
Lasch
Mr. Johny Basri Rusli Mr. Machmud Mrs. Dame Victoria S.
Mr. Thiemann
I
Mr. Eddy
Mr. Tony
Syah
Mr. Widodo
ffi ii,riii
Time Frame
l-
School
-
staff:
Assess upgrade needs of teaching and
adminisrrative staff Provide necessary upgading courses for teachers involved Provide necessary upgarding coulses for administration sraff
Iodustry staff: - Identify industrial
2.
-
.
tructors Assess upgrading needs of industrial insrructors r
n5
Provide necessary upgrading courses for industry instructors
3.
Training centres staff (TTVC/VTVC) - Develop instructor-
:
upgrade programmes
-
Upgrade teaching staff on the new training (clual) approache
4.
Decission makers
-
:
Contact r€levanl levels and provide
informat. reg. S.G. through Seminars, study tours etc. 5.
Project team pIU
-
:
Upgrade project team to implement rhe Program
6.
Kanwil school council Einisterial staff :
-
Inform personnet in the regional officers on the new training system
Software development
.
:
CURRICULUM (lst year)
.
Occupational
profiles
. .
Compete ncies/skills Basic course outlines
Work out l0 trades and curricula
->
endof
January'96 involving
. . .
:
Teachers Students
Instructors
To work software/ curricula/ teaching aids, etc. for 2nd year - > end of 1996
To work software/ curricula/ teaching aids, etc. for 3nd year - > end
of April'96
Industries training plan (dual part)
. . .
Draft - > end of Feb'95 up to 96 Monitoring evaluation - > with industry/MoM
Final
- > end of
Juni'95
-
and
ongoing
.
EXAMINATION
. .
Intermediate
final
to develop examination materials for lst gradel basic skills - > end of Mei'95 to develop examination materials for 2nd and 3rd grade/final ex. - > middle of 1996
I
Start traini
jth
intedmediate
E.
Facility Development
'
Structural upgrade - Clasrooms
-
'
of
Workshops
Infrastructure facilities Sewice facilities
Assessment of uFgrade needs schoo.ls
-
Faciliry ' Equipment
Machnines/Tools Materials explore utilization of external training and equipmenr faciliries, e.g. BLK, BLPT, companies
'
Development of repair and maintenance Program
'
Conduct of equipment repair and maintenance Program
'
Repair of existing machines. incl. functional tests procurement and installation of equipment for
workshop and labs
'
Development of parts
& materials and tools storage and handling Procedures
'
Procutement of tools
Remarks
:
Preparation of implemen tation sistem ganda l. Inform rhe trainees about rhe carrier patb after rhe training
Z.
Implementation
Evaluation
l.
1. Make criteria of evaluation
Identify problems and rraining needs of the technician traineis
in industries
i.
Set curriculum accordinq to job descriprions
l.
Ser up a scheme of sistem
-
supervisor (meister) "free of charge'
ganda (implementation in
i. i. /. i.
nd us try)
Sign MoU between industries. SMK and contracr trainees) Prepare a contracr of training between trainee and industry Select the trainee accordinq to occupation Industries gives the insurance
to the trainee on professional and systemaric rraining
r.
Develop an incentive concePt for industries
Administration
2. Training for instructors and/
3.
i
Industries prepare : - Instructor/supervisor - Equipment & faciliries
Train SMK's teachers in industry
for trainees
2. Evaluation
the program of Sistem Ganda (Track II)
3. Industries
and other related agencies take part in the evaluation program
4. Provide
certificates to the
trainees 4.
Synchronize teaching material
(materi praktek) in SMK with the teaching materials/ in industries 5. Conduct the apprenticeship
training and Sistem Ganda training approach
). Monitor and evaluate the implementation of Sistem Ganda
Support Acrions
l.
Coordinationberween MoM & MoEC and involving industry (company) Regular meetings (3 months) between officials MoEC +
l.l.
MoM
2.
NCVET and school cou
nciVadvisory boards/
trade unioo Indusrry representations to be formed and in action School council in place and . Responsibilities clearly stated . Membership
. . 3.
endorsed
Members appointed Regular meetings
Socializatiou of sisrem ganda 3.
l. Coordinated campaign initiated
. . . .
:
Press release
work skill comp. conferences workshop, etc.
an other important
parties or organisations ourside school council are involved, e.g. : . Parents , ..., ... . Enrerprises . Associations, etc
Tinc Frarne
Rules & rcgulation
'
Specification of role & function of companies
'
Preparation of Sistem Ganda draft regulation
for models Development
&
implementation of "standard' examinations & certifications and procedures
-
intermediate and final examinarions
Set- up of training regulations (companies) and development of
compaBy- schocilstudenVtrainee contracts, procedures etc.
87
Tine Frans Activities
l.
Write TOR for rhe joint project (PtU)
2.
Form Steering Commitee
3.
Form Project Team
4.
1991
ll t7 1-6
t995
1996
7-r2l r-6 7-12
Year iI
Year
l-6 II
twl
t
7-t2
III
Year
I l1 I . I I
Plan program of the
project work pldh task assignment time schedule 5.
Allocate Budget requesr
6.
School and industry asessment
7.
Procurement of PIU facilities and establishmen
8.
Prepare PIU's staffs
9.
Implementation
10.
Coordinate project meetings
I I I I
I
I
I
I
Il
tI
t I
tl
II
I
t
l. Project Monitoring and Evaluation
12.
Evaluation of first cycle of Sistem Ganda Track II
lr
ti
I I
I
99E
t.-6i7-12
1r il tl
Ii
88
Time Frame
I t94
ActivitieJ
ll
L2
LWI 1996 t 199E 'I-r2l 7-r2l t-6 t-6 7-12 1-6 1-6 7-t2 Year Year II II I Year 1995
I
l.
Project Manageme nt
-
Formation of project team Formation of Steeriug Committee Project
implementation & operation plan
2-
Staff Developmetrt
-
lnstructor
up-
grading
-
Training officer up
-
-
grading
Company training up -grading
suPervlsor 3.
Softwerc development
-
Occupational standards
4.
Certification Accreditation Instructor guides
Facility dcvelopment ' Check equipnent &
' ' 5.
Trade informations Curricula & syllabi Job sbeets & A.V.A Reference Books Skill test standards
facilities available Set criterias Up-dateiadjust to appropriate conditions
Administration and finaoce system development
-
Set upwork plan ConducUset
administration plan Set and print all forms and documentation needed
I
ll ll
I
89
Time Frame Activities
r994 11
t2
t-6
7-12 1-6 7-tz 1-6
Year
-
Design & set proper levy and grant system (option)
-
Develop evaluation and monitoring guide
6.
Rules and regulation
-
Apprenticeship acts Presidential decrees
Ministerial decrees
Formulate coordination roles & functions of Company & commerce, Labour and Trade org., and Professional assc. 7.
Socialization of Apprenticeship training :
-
Campaign Publication
Exhibitioo Workshop Seminar. etc.
of
1996
1995
T
Year
II
t997
1998
7-t?l 1-6i7-12
Year I III
il.i
:
!
1
:
:':t ..1
I
30
Cerman lndonesian Technical Cooperation National Technical and Vocational Education and Training Program (NTVET) -system Development Project-
hrncak Pass Hotel, November
2l to25,
1994
EXPECTATIONS OF PARTICIPA}ITS
To achieve a concept of integratal VET-system MoEC, MoM (MoEC MoM - Job
lnterest of Industries to
get instructors
Get clear explanation from each ministry and its contribution to the
Insrructors training standard for industry personnels available
system (duties and
mechanism of Sistem Ganda
Sistem Gurda tested in the 5 locadons -> 1995
Documens/instnrments
Sistem Ganda as cooperative programme on National level
To improve coordination with other instirutions in HRD programmes
opporunit-v)
responsibilities of
MOM) Apprenticeship
Procedure and'.
of Sistem
Ganda
Set-up TOR of Sistem Ganda according to 5 accomplished pilot area
Obtaining real plan
Integrated and unifyed steps of parties concerned in handling the HRD. They should not go on their own.
Set up plan for
instinrtionalization of cenification
of
Sistem Ganda in 5 SMK's To functionalize MPKN in planning, implementing and Exchanges of evaluating PSG information & the standards of VET among
Formulate criteria for national instructors standards
Formulate the national examination and certification system of VET
prograrnme should be synchronized with industries
To get iniormation rhe role of instructors in Apprenticeship
progranme should be clear There is an integrated VET programe between
BLK and industries There is an effort realue NTVET (Plan
of operation prePared)
institutions
Better MoU between company and MoM on operation of apprenticeship
Set up a better
project implementation
Develop the mutual pannership
plan Pri-rviding guideline
of
Sistem Ganda
A concept of Sistem Ganda is available with special emphasizes on :
-
-
Standardization
of
curriculum Standardization of teaching-learning
Synchronizing of MOM & MoEC programmes
(consensus)
Standardization of
Certification (criteria) Achieve the condition of open relations among
MoEC, MoM, MoI, KADIN in order to achieve one Objective during thes common
workshop
proc€sses
-
.Standardization
of
-
certification Standardization
of
examination
Obtaining lndustry as a panner
How to coordinate apprenticeshiP training ftom MoM and Sistem Ganda from MoEC ? How can the industries be linked in this programme ?
To get the same perception of NVET
NVET agreed upon
and
acceptance as national
svstem is reached
31
Cerman lndones ian Technicd Cooperation National rechnical and Vocational Education and rraining program (NTVET) -S ystem Development ProjectPuncak Pass Hotel, November
2l to25,
1994
EXPECTATIONS OF PARTICIPAIYTS MoI
BAPPENAS
More panicipation of MoI in TVET Increase the activities apprenrice schools
of
CrTZ.
Set-up a concept of i.iTVET commited by all related instirutions for the realization
System development becomes a joint effort
Support the
implementation of system development
Identi$ the naining's
NITVET established in
need
Indonesia
The results of rhis
Need : one "language" about
Open discussions and joint decissions on
Determine furure
workhop hopefully can be applied in rhe training instirutions within the Mol
steps in establishing a dual system
training sysrem Share experiences
concerning vocational
raining Get more informations which can be used in the planning of industrial
To find out where
HRD
assistance is wanted
Training needs for existing industry/company
(plan activities ro ...)
implementation
Embassy Another starting
point for successful cooperation between FRG and Indonesia RO I
32
German Indonesian Technical Cooperation National rechnical and vocational Education and rraining program (NTVET) -System Development ProjectPuncak Pass Hotel, November
2l to 25, 1994
EXPECTATIONS OF PARTICIPAJYTS KADIN & others
Companies The becer dual system planning
To know how to set up the systems like : - Dual System
-
Apprenticeship
-
Training system Vocational Training system
Inf'luence the workshop regarding rhe needs of the companies for apprenticeship training
of
Especially
Real actions
industry's needs toward tatget group
National Councii.
Companies should express their expectations and readiness to puricipate
The whole concept of vocational education training programme
in planning and implementation of a skill de.relopment system
Greater
committment tiom parties concerned
We wa-ot to know more
to make'dual
detail of NVET
system' a success
program
Want to know the
To obtain practical
relation between application and the result of this workshop
Human Resources Development for Indonesian needs
To get a better view over the dual system
A standard system for training
To define joint projecs for industry/ goverrrment
Coordination of training in NGO's Government and private levels
implementation We would to set up a concept of coordination berween industry, Depnaker and Depdikbud on the standards for evaluation and training
Continuity and implementation (plan)
Discuss how the process should be inidated to ...
APINDO as the employers' Association of lndonesia expressed coneern about the human resources development in Indonesia
We want standardisation about human resources development (criteria)
on this program
To get intbrmation on how to set up a proper
vocational
vocational school
training
To contribute experiences for system development
APINDO will tully participate
How to set up the
How to increase productivity of workers Concept for
VET . HRD
Gennan Indonesian Technical Cooperation National Technical and vocational Education and Training program (NTVET) - System Development Project-
hrncak
Pass
Hote! November 2l to 25. 1994
EVALUATION OF WORIGHOP
l.
Evaluation of workshop method
)
The method is good enough. Workshop results are not very clear. What should be supported for the private sectors so they can participate to developing sistem ganda schools
)
It will be better ifthe metlod/materials of the workshop are given to the participants in advance
)
. .
Good, because all are in writing Easy for participants Easy for moderators
)
The workshop method is good and may be applied for workshop of any project in our enterprise
)
Workshop method is very useful because : . All member ofthe group will be active & progressive Very good
) ) ) ) ) ; ) ) I
Workshop method : good Good method
1.1.
Team aspect
; ) )
Good
Method are practical because problems could be solved in shorter period Workshop method very good, because this method very simple and communicate Could be effective method Good method Very good Systematic
Teamexpert: good
t.
Cooperation working group (group tr & part and give good result
2.
It will be better if we use overhead projector for qpecial cases zuch structure & German contribution
3.
Still stay in logical procedure in genera! although for some group there is difficulties regarding its logical procedure (Group I) MoEC
fD $ill strong, each member as
take
tleir
functional
)
Good team work
) ) ) ) ) ; )
Method : very good Team work : quite good Very good Team aspect : good
Good Encouraeing Permanent persons needed so that every body is knowledgable as to what
to discuss
1.2. Visualization
I )
Bigger writing in cards is better for reading Good, but the participants have trouble to get all results quickly (need good secretariat back-up)
) I ; ) ; ) ) ) ) ) )
Good Shortage ofworkshop's equipment
visuahzation is good because all data information can be recorded Visualization is good Some cards were not directly easy to be read and understood Team aspect is good
Vizualization : good and clear Good Vizualization : toocrowded Sometimes too many cards, then it should be clasified & sirylified We should use variations of workshop aids such as overhead projector, foto, etc
1.3. Logical Procedure
)
The problem : so many degree of imnortancy should be allocated in order to get the
solution
) ; ) ; ) ) ) ; )
More attention should be given to planning & representation in discussion groups Logical procedure was good, simple and clear The system is good Logical procedure is very clear and irnportant In the initial stage : little bit confusing Good Good Sometimes the moderator was not systimatic Workshop should provide a concept of logical framework
2.
Moderators'Performance
) ) ) ; t ; ; ; ; .l ) ) ) ; ) ) ) 3.
The moderators were good
Good
Very good Should effeciently direct the discussions Quite adequate Exelent
Moderators are interesting for us Very good Moderators are capable Very good Good enough Good but not enough provoking Increase encouragements to everybody
to actively parlicipate
Quite & good Communicative Good
Very good for Mr. Gaspary
Organisation of workshop
) ) ) ) ; I ) ) ; ) ) I ) ; ; y
Insufficient room for small goup discussion The participants has not besn informed about what needed materials should be brought Need more detailed information of ZOPP in the first dav Flexible enough Location of the workshop place and lodging is quite far Information not sufficient Good (not too bad) We statisfy with workshop organisation Organisation workshop : good Good enough For the next it should be better ifthe moderators know well about the topics in general Instant written results of previous session is preferable Good
Organisation: good Organisation : - In the beginning was slow - Not enough room for discussion available Quite & good
4.
What I can take from this workshop to my office (usefullness of the workshop)
) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )
We know that MoM program is to improve "sistem Ganda" implemented by MoEC Reinforcement of ZOPP as an effective planning techique The knowledge to develop management project
A simple method for problem sotving for structured project implementation Get to know other institutions hovide concept Know other institutions actMties and HRD through VET Several materials ofthe workshop will be available for my office A lot, I understand more deeeply about the VET concept and its ability for the cooperation
)
Understanding the ZOPP method
) ) ) ) )
Veryuseful for my job Will try out io *y office Useful for the HRD in industries Ihave got a new e4perience Very usefuf nuny things can be taken from the workshop , on how to implement the frame of Dual System and Apprenticeship Training in our institution Get to know "new persons", who are enthusiastic on VET
) 5.
What I would like to say to other individual participants
) ; ; ) ) ; ) ) ) ) I I )
Wipe out all differencedinterests - Have one interest and try to keep on how to succeed VET Improve the readiness of discussion materials Follow up after the workshop -> establish commtrnication forum for members/participants
KADIN should communicate right away with KADINDA's Build Indonesia incorporated hoject Planning Matrix -> not easy The system is efficient Confnce decision makers Keep cooperative
Don,t have doubt to give ideas to support the NTVET programme Let us commit ourselves to work for NTVET Next meeting : would be Bali (to : GTZ) Be carefirl on the way home, don't make any transit
6.
Further comments
) ) ; ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )
This workshop should be done in particular organization Looking forward to next ZOP] workshop Please distribute the workshop results to the participants
The next workshop should be arranged better
More participants from industry to be invited to particip ate to find out actaal problems in the work place Lenght of time : 5 days is too long (ideally 3 days) since we from Industry have a lot of activities; we should leave our activities for this workshop Send the workshop resuhs ASAP, please
Workshop rezult shoutd be received by participants shortly Representatives of institutes and agencies are not in proportion The results of each session would be received by participants Some workshop should to continued with MoM + MoI + MoEC + KADIN,
Prof Ass.
) )
Workshop duration should be condensed Basic principles should have the same understanding/perception in language used among all participants from the beginning of the workshop Example
)
:
-
Understanding of Sistem Ganda &Pemagangan (aPPrenticeshiP)
-
Trade/occupational standard
Expectation The result of each session of the day should be better if sent to the participants on the next day
)
hovide adequate
secretariate that could hand in the workshop result right at the end
the workshop to the participants
) ) ) ) ;
ofthis workshop is success Thankyouforyourteam On the whole
Secretariat should provide the results document of sessions Each component are committed and plan the follow up ofthe workshop results respectively Please gwe me
l0 -
for discussing other theme in Sistem Ganda and Apprenticeship which are not yet recorded in this workshop 15 minutes
of
List of Abbreviations
APINDO BLIB BLI(KLK BPIS CIM DLKD DLKN DTVE HRD lKlP ILO KADIN LTE MOEC MOI MOM MPKN NCVET NWET PSG P/M SMEA SMIP SPIU/PIU SPSI STE
STM/STM-P
TAS TOR TTUC VTUC VTE VTPU ZOPP
Employers'Federation Balai Latihan Instructor Bandung (lnstructor Training Center of MOM) Balai Latihan Kerja (Training Center of MOM) state-owned technical strategic industry Centrum for International Migration and Development Dewan Latihan Ketenagakerjaan Daerah (Regional Training Council) Dewan Latihan Ketenagakerjaan Nasional (National Training Council) Directorate of Training and Vocational Education (MOEC) Human Resource Development Teacher Training College International Labor Office (Geneva) Chamber of Industry and Commerce Long Term Erpert Ministry of Education and Culture Ministry of Industry Ministry of Manpower Majelis Pendidikan dan Ketenagakerjaan Nasional (Council for Vocational Education) National Committee on Vocational Education and Training National Technical and Vocational Education and Training (System) Pendidikan Sistem Ganda person/month Sekolah Menengah Ekonomi Atas (Senior secondary commercial school) Senior secondary school of socialwork Project lmplementation Unit National Trade Union Short Term Erpert Sekolah Tehnik Menengah (Senior secondary technical school) Training Advisory Services Terms of Reference Technical Teacher Upgrade Center Vocational Teacher Upgrade Center Vocational Training and Education Vocational Training Promotion Unit (MOM) objectives-oriented project planning
