2016

MEZINÁRODNÍ ROZVOJOVÁ STUDIA

ěEŠENÍ

Skupina: Katedra rozvojových studií a Katedra geografie ………………… PĜírodovČdecká fakulta Univerzita Palackého v Olomouci ýíslo uchazeþe (nevyplĖujte): ……………

PěIJÍMACÍ ěÍZENÍ PRO AKADEMICKÝ ROK 2015/2016 PĜijímací zkouška ze zemČpisu a všeobecného pĜehledu Obor Mezinárodní rozvojová studia 1. UtvoĜte správné dvojice:

[8 b.]

A

Palmyra

1

(polo)poušĢ ve vnitrozemí jižní Afriky

A

—5

B

Tamilové

2

pohoĜí v rovníkové východní Africe

B

—8

C

Luzon

3

italský ostrov, þastý cíl afrických migrantĤ

C

—6

D

Kalahari

4

náboženská skupina v Indii

D

—1

E

Kandahár

5

mČsto a lokalita UNESCO v Sýrii

E

—7

F

Sikhové

6

nejvČtší a nejlidnatČjší ostrov Filipín

F

—4

G

Lampedusa

7

významné mČsto v Afghánistánu

G

—3

H

Ruwenzori

8

etnická skupina v jižní Indii a na Šrí Lance

H

—2

2. SeĜaćte uvedené státy sestupnČ podle poþtu obyvatel:

[5 b.]

Kolumbie — Vietnam — Rusko — Rumunsko — Indonésie 1. Indonésie > 2. Rusko > 3. Vietnam > 4. Kolumbie > 5. Rumunsko 3. U každého státu zakroužkujte, zda je v nČm úĜedním jazykem francouzština: Libye

ANO

NE

Haiti

ANO

NE

PobĜeží Slonoviny

ANO

NE

Malawi

ANO

NE

4. Ze skupin písmen sestavte názvy jihoamerických metropolí:

[4 b.]

SACRACA

NANUCÓSI

VOMEDETONI

TOBÁGO

CARACAS

ASUNCIÓN

MONTEVIDEO

BOGOTÁ

1

[4 b.]


ěEŠENÍ

5. V rámci pĜípravy projektu zalesĖování v chilských Andách je Vám nabídnut pozemek pro založení lesní školky, který má v mapČ 1 : 5 000 tvar obdélníku o rozmČrech 4×6 cm. Jak velká plocha je Vám nabídnuta ve skuteþnosti, ve vyjádĜení v hektarech? [4 b.] mČĜítko 1 : 5000 => 1 cm na mapČ odpovídá 50 m ve skuteþnosti pozemek 4×6 cm na mapČ má ve skuteþnosti rozmČry 200×300 m = 60 000 m2 = 6 ha

6. Brutal deportations and massacres happened between 1915 and 1920 (during and after World War I.). About 1.5 million people were killed. Today, many historians call this event genocide. However, the government of the successor country, where these massacres happened, does not acknowledge the enormity and brutality of these events and does not want it to be labelled the genocide. In which of the present-day countries did these massacres happen and why? [2 p.] a) It happened in Cambodia because of the brutal Khmer Rouge regime led by Pol Pot. b) It happened in Venezuela because of the FARC guerrilla. c) It happened in Turkey because of the systematic extermination of the minority population. d) It happened in South Africa because of the apartheid regime. 7. The former USSR (Soviet Union) was composed of 15 Soviet socialist republics. In 1991 this union dissolved. How many of the former Soviet socialist republics have become members of the EU so far? [2 p.] a) b) c) d)

None Five Ten Three

8. The conflict in Syria has been on since 2011. Many people have fled to the neighbouring countries and live nowadays in refugee camps. There are about 1 620 000 Syrians in Turkey, 1 175 000 in Lebanon, 623 000 in Jordan, 136 000 in Egypt and 242 000 in Iraq. What is the percentage of the total Syrian population that have fled Syria and live nowadays in the 5 mentioned countries, if the official population of Syria before the conflict was 22 million people? [2 p.] a) b) c) d)

50.5 % 21.75 % 17.25 % 5.5 %

2


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9. What is a name of a small-scale loan enabling people, especially the vulnerable ones, to establish their own small businesses? Muhammad Yunus was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 2006 for his work providing this type of services to the poor. [2 p.] a) b) c) d)

Mass production support grant Microcredit Insurance International monetary fund

10. A tax imposed on import or export of goods is called: a) b) c) d)

[2 p.]

inflation quality control tariff airport tax

11. The term refugee refers to:

[2 p.]

a) a person who has been forced to change place of residence inside their own country b) an economic migrant c) a person who has been forced to leave their country in order to escape war, persecution, or natural disaster d) a person that has succeeded to get the re-funding of the money invested into development of their business 12. At the beginning of 2013, gross domestic product (GDP) of hypothetical low income country Developia is 10 billion USD. In 2013, annual percentage growth rate of GDP in Developia was 2 % (positive growth). In 2014, annual percentage growth rate of GDP in Developia was -2 % (negative growth). At the end of 2014, GDP of Developia is: [2 p.] a) b) c) d)

higher than at the beginning of 2013 same as at the beginning of 2013 lower than at the beginning of 2013 higher than at the beginning of 2014

3


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13. Hypothetical country Bonga has a population of 10 million. Hypothetical neighbouring country Bongo has a population of 5 million. In Bonga there is 40 % of population living in poverty, while in Bongo there is only 10 % of population living in poverty. Bonga and Bongo merged into one country Bongabongo. What is the percentage of people living in poverty in the newly created country Bongabongo? [3 p.] a) b) c) d)

30 % 25 % 33 % 50 %

14. Which term does the text quoted below refer to?

It is a material and logistic assistance to people in need. It is usually short-term help until the long-term help by government and other institutions replaces it. Among the people in need belong homeless, refugees, victims of natural disasters - earthquake, flooding, cyclonic storms, famines or military conflicts etc. The primary purpose of this type of assistance is to save lives, reduce suffering and respect to human dignity. [2 p.] a) b) c) d)

Development Cooperation Foreign Direct Investment Humanitarian Aid Budget support

15. What kind of epidemic struck Haiti after the earthquake in 2010? a) b) c) d)

HIV/AIDS Ebola Cholera Mexican flu

16. Which institution is the main coordinator of the Czech Development Cooperation? a) b) c) d)

[2 p.]

Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development Ministry of Industry and Trade Ministry of Overseas Development Ministry of Foreign Affairs

4

[2 p.]

MEZINÁRODNÍ ROZVOJOVÁ STUDIA 17. According to the graph (below):

ěEŠENÍ [3 p.]

a) Currently, students from Central European and Baltic states have the highest university grades from the world. b) In 1970, out of each four students in South Asia only one has completed the full cycle of primary education, while this has increased to more than three out of four now. c) In the world, the percentage of females studying university degree is now higher than the percentage of males studying university degree. d) In 1970, there were about 75 females for each 100 males in the world population, but by now, there are more females than males in the world.

Source: The Economist, March 7th, 2015 18. Which of the following countries is the youngest one (i.e. has been established most recently)? [2 p.] a) b) c) d)

Kosovo Ethiopia South Sudan East Timor 5


ěEŠENÍ

19. Which one of the following religions is the youngest monotheistic religion? a) b) c) d)

[2 p.]

Christianity Islam Judaism Hinduism

20. Which international organization is one of the largest international financial institutions that provide loans to developing countries with the aim to reduce poverty? [2 p.] a) b) c) d)

Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE) Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) World Bank (WB) World Trade Organization (WTO)

21. Please fill the gaps with the relevant terms listed below (you only need to use 5 terms out of the list): [3 p.]

HIV, Syria, malaria, South Sudan, tuberculosis, Nigeria, Ebola, Haiti, Afghanistan The 4-year-old war (beginning in 2011) in …Syria……… has caused more than 3.3 million people – including about 1.7 million children – to flee the country as refugees. Within the country, the violence has displaced 7.6 million people, and two-thirds of the population of nearly 18 million need humanitarian assistance. The 2014 outbreak of …Ebola………. that hit West Africa is the worst since the disease was discovered in 1975. It is especially bad in Sierra Leone and Liberia, which have seen 87 percent of the cases and 77 percent of the deaths. Since conflict broke out more than a year ago in …South Sudan…..., the world’s youngest country, 1.91 million people have fled their homes because of fighting. Many set up camp under the U.N.’s protection, dependent on aid from relief agencies. In Swaziland, a small landlocked country in Southern Africa, one in four adults is living with …HIV………. . Since the first cases were reported in the country in 1986, the virus has spread at an alarming rate and now Swaziland has the highest ………HIV……… (use the same term as in the previous gap) prevalence in the world at 26 percent. Boko Haram, a militant Islamist group, has been waging a six-year military campaign to create an Islamic state in the northern part of …Nigeria…… . The group had been linked to al-Qaeda and expressed support for the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant.

6


ěEŠENÍ

22. What is the name of a new, universal set of goals, targets and indicators that United Nations member states will be expected to use to frame their policies over the next 15 years. These new goals have the abbreviation SDGs and should expand on the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), which are due to expire at the end of the year 2015. [2 p.] a) b) c) d)

Saving Development from Globalization Sustainable Development Goals Strategies for Global Development Standardised Global Development

23. In the picture you can see the currency symbols. Which of them represents British Pound? [2 p.] a)

b)

c)

d)

24. The picture below displays a peninsula which is currently a subject of dispute and source of international tension. What is the name of the peninsula? [2 p.]

a) b) c) d)

Iberian Peninsula Indian Peninsula Crimean Peninsula Korean Peninsula

7


ěEŠENÍ

25. Move 3 sticks in order to create two squares (i.e. cross out 3 sticks and draw 3 sticks in new position). [2 p.]

26. Which of the following pictures is representing the symbol of the Czech Development Cooperation? [2 p.] a)

c)

b)

d)

Dictionary: budget – rozpoþet; Gross Domestic Product (GDP) – hrubý domácí produkt (HDP); insurance – pojištČní; loan – pĤjþka; malnutrition – podvýživa; OSCE – OBSE; peninsula – poloostrov; refugee camps – uprchlické tábory; revenue – pĜíjem; sustainable development – udržitelný rozvoj; successor country – nástupnický stát; tax – daĖ/poplatek; tertiary education – terciární (univerzitní) vzdČlávání; university enrolment – studium na univerzitČ; vulnerable – zranitelný

8

ŘEŠENÍ


C

F A E

G

B

27. [10 b.] a) Jak se jmenuje stát označený písmenem A? Guyana b) Jak se jmenuje stát označený písmenem B? Paraguay c) Jak se jmenuje město označené písmenem C? La Habana (Havana) d) Jak se jmenuje město označené písmenem D? Montevideo e) Jak se jmenuje město označené písmenem E? Manaus f) Jak se jmenuje řeka označená písmenem F? Orinoco (Orinoko) g) Jak se jmenuje pohoří označené písmenem G? Brazilská vysočina h) Jak se jmenuje souostroví označené písmenem H? Ohňová země * i) Vyznačte v mapě oblast Patagonie. j) Vyznačte v mapě vrchol Aconcagua. * též Tierra del Fuego

Aconcagua

D

Patagonie

H

H

C

E

* též Phnompenh

[10 b.] Malajsie Jemen Mumbaí (Bombaj) Phnum Pénh * Indus Íránská vysočina Andamany Hormuzský

F

28. a) Jak se jmenuje stát označený písmenem A? b) Jak se jmenuje stát označený písmenem B? c) Jak se jmenuje město označené písmenem C? d) Jak se jmenuje město označené písmenem D? e) Jak se jmenuje řeka označená písmenem E? f) Jak se jmenuje pohoří označené písmenem F? g) Jak se jmenuje souostroví označené písmenem G? h) Jak se jmenuje průliv označený písmenem H? i) Vyznačte v mapě Pásmo Gazy. j) Vyznačte v mapě Aralské jezero.

B

Pásmo Gazy

Aralské j.

G

A

D

A

MEZINÁRODNÍ ROZVOJOVÁ STUIDA ŘEŠENÍ

2016

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