WORKSHEET: IT COOPERATION NETWORKS

WORKSHEET: IT – COOPERATION NETWORKS PRACOVNÍ LIST: IT – SPOLUPRÁCE SÍTÍ  1. Úloha – Slovní zásoba Napište anglické ekvivalenty k těmto českým výrazům (správný výraz 1 bod). 1) síťové zařízení................................................................................................ 2) rozbočovač.................................................................................................... 3) přepínač......................................................................................................... 4) směrovač....................................................................................................... 5) aplikační vrstva............................................................................................. 6) síťová vrstva.................................................................................................. 7) centrální vrstva............................................................................................. 8) přístupová vrstva..........................................................................................

–1–

 2. Úloha – Obrázek Jaké zařízení je na obrázku? Napište anglicky (správný výraz 1 bod). A) A)

F)

....................................................................... B) .......................................................................

B)

G)

C) ....................................................................... D)

C)

....................................................................... E) .......................................................................

D)

F) ....................................................................... G)

E)

.......................................................................

–2–

 3. Úloha – Fráze/klíčová slova Přečtěte si krátký text a doplňte slova z tabulky (správný výraz 2 body). OSI Model The OSI Model (The Open System Interconnection) is a model that is used in communication in computer networks. There are seven layers: •

physical layer – defines specifications of the data (1)...................................

•

data link layer – provides a (2)................................... between two connected nodes

•

(3)................................... layer – provides transferring data sequences from a (4)................................... to another node

•

transport layer – used for sending (5)................................... between nodes

•

session layer – controls the connection between computers

•

(6)................................... layer – established context between application-layer entities

•

application layer – is the OSI closed to the (7)................................... text/zdroj:

data packets, network, connection, end user, presentation, node, link

–3–

 4. Úloha – Překlad Přeložte (správný překlad 3 body). 1)

Multicasting je metoda zasílání IP datagramů skupině koncových uživatelů.

2)

Komunikace mezi počítačovými sítěmi je komunikací mezi počítači pomocí počítačové sítě.

3)

Síťová brána je uzel, který spojuje dvě sítě s odlišnými protokoly.

4)

Windowing je grafické uživatelské rozhraní.

5)

Router je zařízení, které předává datové pakety mezi počítačovými sítěmi.

1)

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2)

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3)

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4)

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5)

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–4–

 Klíč 1.

1) Internetworking device, 2) Hub, 3) Switch, 4) Router, 5) Application Layer, 6) Network Layer,

7) Core Layer, 8) Access Layer

2.

1) Ethernet Connection, 2) ADSL Connections, 3) Network switches and cables, 4) Cisco 1900

switch inside, 5) Hub, 6) Repeater, 7) Cable

3.

(1) connection, (2) link, (3) network, (4) node, (5) data packets, (6) presentation, (7) end user

4.

e.g.:

1)

Multicasting (or multicast) is a method of sending IP diagrams to a group of end users.

2)

Internetwork communication is a communication between computers (hosts) using

a network.

3)

Gateway is a node that connects two networks with different protocols.

4)

Windowing is a graphical user interface.

5)

A router is a device that forwards data packets between computer networks

–5–

WORKSHEET: IT – INTRODUCTION TO TCP/IP PRACOVNÍ LIST: IT – ÚVOD DO TCP/IP  1. Úloha – Slovní zásoba Napište anglické ekvivalenty k těmto českým výrazům (správný výraz 1 bod). 1) adresování..................................................................................................... 2) internetová vrstva......................................................................................... 3) mezi uzlová vrstva........................................................................................ 4) síťově přístupová vrstva............................................................................... 5) procesně/aplikační vrstva............................................................................ 6) čísla portů...................................................................................................... 7) uspořádaní protokolu..................................................................................

–6–

 2. Úloha – Obrázek Co vidíte na obrázku? Popište anglicky (správný výraz 1 bod).

1

7

2

3

4

6

5

1)

6)

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......................................................................................

2)

7)

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......................................................................................

3) ...................................................................................... 4) ...................................................................................... 5) ...................................................................................... –7–

 3. Úloha – Fráze/klíčová slova Přečtěte si krátký text a doplňte slova z tabulky (správný výraz 2 body). TCP/IP MODEL The Transmission Control Protocol/ Internet Protocol commonly known as TCP/IP is a networking model and a set of (1)................................... protocols used for the Internet and similar networks. The TCP/ IP architecture is complex that is why a network communication is divided into the so-called (2)................................... which illustrate a hierarchy of activities. Each (3)................................... uses the services of the lower layer and provides services to the layer above. Communication between the same two layers of different systems is controlled by a communication (4)................................... using the connection created by the lower layer. The TCP / IP is divided into four layers (the OSI reference model has seven layers): •

(5)................................... layer – is used by most applications for providing user services over a network and for some basic network support services

•

(6)................................... layer – establishes a basic data channel

•

internet layer - responses for sending (7)................................... across networks

•

network interface - an interface between two pieces of equipment or protocol layers in a network that provides passing messages, connecting and disconnecting, etc. text/zdroj:

communication, packets, protocol, layers, application, layer, transport

–8–


Ethernet je rodina počítačových sítí technologií pro sítě LAN.

2)

Rodina protokolů TCP/IP je hlavním protokolem Internetu.

3)

Tento komunikační protokol obsahuje množinu pravidel.

4)

Síťová komunikace je rozdělena do několika vrstev.

5)

Každá vrstva využívá služeb nižší vrstvy.

1)

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2)

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3)

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4)

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5)

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–9–

 Klíč 1.

1) addressing, 2) Internet layer, 3) Host-to-host layer, 4) Network Access layer,

5) Process/Application layer, 6) Port Numbers, 7) protocol suite

2.

1) Application layer, 2) Transport layer, 3) Network layer, 4) Network interface layer, 5) Data,

6) Ethernet header, 7) Source/Destination Port

3.

(1) communication, (2) layers, (3) layer, (4) protocol, (5) application, (6) transport, (7) packets

4.

e.g.:

1)

Ethernet is a family of computer networking technologies for LAN.

2)

The TCP / IP are the main protocols of the Internet.

3)

The communication protocol includes a set of rules.

4)

The Network communication is divided into several layers.

5)

Each layer uses the services of the lower layers.

– 10 –

WORKSHEET: IT – NETWORK ADDRESSING PRACOVNÍ LIST: IT – ADRESOVÁNÍ SÍTÍ  1. Úloha – Slovní zásoba Napište anglické ekvivalenty k těmto českým výrazům (správný výraz 1 bod). 1) síťové adresy................................................................................................. 2) všesměrová adresa...................................................................................... 3) adresování v sítí............................................................................................ 4) oktet............................................................................................................... 5) hierarchické IP adresovací schéma............................................................ 6) kombinace bitů............................................................................................. 7) jednotka informace...................................................................................... 8) hodnota bitu..................................................................................................

– 11 –

 2. Úloha – Obrázek Co vidíte na obrázku? Napište anglicky (správný výraz 1 bod).

C) ...................................................................................... A) ......................................................................................

B)

D)

......................................................................................

......................................................................................

– 12 –

E) ......................................................................................

F)

G)

......................................................................................

......................................................................................

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 3. Úloha – Fráze/klíčová slova Přečtěte si krátký text a doplňte slova z tabulky (správný výraz 2 body). What is a bit, a byte, an octet? A bit is a fundamental unit of information used in computing or (1)................................... communications that has just two possible values – 0 or 1. The term (2)................................... is a contraction of two words – binary and (3)................................... This word was first used by John W. Tukey (1915 – 2000), an American mathematician. A larger (4)................................... of information is a (5)................................... that commonly consists of 8 bits. The unit called (6)................................... also consists of 8 bits but this term is used when the term byte is ambiguous. An octet is used in the Internet Protocol computer network addresses. An (7)................................... is composed of 4 octets and the highest numbered address is 255.255.255.255. text/zdroj: (přeloženo/upraveno)

byte, unit, IPv4 address, digit, bit, octet, digital

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Bit je nejmenší jednotka informace v počítači.

2)

Bit může mít dvě hodnoty – 0 nebo 1.

3)

Bity mohou být seřazeny do větších celků.

4)

Jeden byte je tvořen 8 bity.

5)

Termín bit byl poprvé použit v roce 1946.

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2)

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3)

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4)

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5)

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 Klíč 1.

1) Network address, 2) Broadcast address, 3) Network Addressing, 4) Octet, 5) Hierarchical IP

Addressing Scheme, 6) combining bits, 7) unit of information, 8) value of a bit

2.

1) Internet map, 2) Local network, 3) Iv4 address, 4) Binary vs decimal, 5) IPv4 Multicast,

6) TCP/IP layers, 7) Connector

3.

(1) digital, (2) bit, (3) digit, (4) unit, (5) byte, (6) octet, (7) IPv4 address

4.

e.g.:

1)

A bit is the smallest unit of information in computing.

2)

A bit can have 2 values – 0 or 1.

3)

Bits can be combined into larger units.

4)

A byte is composed of 8 bits.

5)

The term bit was first used in 1946.

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WORKSHEET: IT – SUBNETTING, VARIABLE LENGTH SUBNET MASKS (VLMS) PRACOVNÍ LIST: IT – PODSÍTĚ, PROMĚNNÁ DÉLKA MASKY PODSÍTĚ  1. Úloha – Slovní zásoba Napište anglické ekvivalenty k těmto českým výrazům (správný výraz 1 bod). 1) podsítě........................................................................................................... 2) základy podsítí.............................................................................................. 3) IP směrování bez použití tříd...................................................................... 4) implementace sítí VLSM............................................................................... 5) proměnná délka masky podsítě................................................................. 6) vytvoření podsítě.......................................................................................... 7) masky podsítí................................................................................................ 8) IP podsíť Zero...............................................................................................

– 17 –

 2. Úloha – Obrázek Je dána podsíť (v IPv4): 192.168.27.0/24. Určete pro danou podsíť význam výrazů 1 – 7 v tabulce: (správný výraz 1 bod) 1)

255.255.255.0

2)

11111111.11111111.11111111.00000000

3)

192.168.27.1

4)

192.168.27.2

5)

192.168.27.253

6)

192.168.27.254

7)

192.168.27.255

– 18 –

 3. Úloha – Fráze/klíčová slova Přečtěte si krátký text a doplňte slova z tabulky (správný výraz 2 body). What is a Subnet Mask? A subnet (1)................................... is a 32-bit number that is used to determine what subnets (2)................................... addresses belong to. An IP address consists of two components – the (3) ................................... address and the host address. A subnet mask is written in a (4)................................... format – all „1“s from the left to the end point of the network number, and in the point of network (5)................................... there are all „0“s. Using a subnet mask the (6)................................... decides routing the IP diagrams. In (7)................................... subnet mask is written as an IP address – four numbers separated by dots, each of which corresponds to one octet in 32 – bit address. text/zdroj: (přeloženo/upraveno)

current sources, closed, supply, integrated, appliance, interrupted, current, wires, flow, inductors

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Metoda IP směrování bez použití tříd (CIDR) se objevila v roce 1993.

2)

IP adresa je číslo, které identifikuje síťové rozhraní.

3)

Počítačová síť používá IP.

4)

IP adresa slouží k rozlišení rozhraní připojených k počítačové síti.

5)

Proměnná délka masky podsítě (VLSM) znamená podsíťování podsítě.

1)

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2)

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3)

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4)

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5)

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 Klíč 1.

1) Subnetting, 2) Subnetting Basics, 3) Classless Inter-Domain Routing (CIDR), 4) Implementing

VLSM Network, 5) Variable Length Subnet Masks (VLMS), 6) Creating Subnets,

7) Subnet Masks, 8) IP Subnet-Zero

2.

1) Subnet mask, 2) Subnet mask Binary, 3) First IP address of subnet, 4) Second IP address of

subnet, 5) Last but one IP address of subnet, 6) Last IP address of subnet, 7) Subnet broadcast

3.

(1) mask, (2) IP, (3) network, (4) binary, (5) interface, (6) router, (7) IPv4

4.

e.g.:

1)

Classless Inter-Domain Routing) was introduced in 1993.

2)

IP address is a number that identifies a network interface.

3)

The computer network uses the IP.

4)

IP address is used to identify the interfaces connected to a network.

5)

Variable Length Subnet Mask (VLSM) means subnetting a subnet.

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WORKSHEET: IT – IP ROUTING PRACOVNÍ LIST: IT – IP SMĚROVÁNÍ  1. Úloha – Slovní zásoba Napište anglické ekvivalenty k těmto českým výrazům (správný výraz 1 bod). 1) proces IP směrování..................................................................................... 2) statické směrování........................................................................................ 3) výchozí směrování........................................................................................ 4) dynamické směrování.................................................................................. 5) rozložený horizont........................................................................................ 6) směrovací protokol pro vnitřní brány........................................................ 7) směrovací informační protokol...................................................................

– 22 –

 2. Úloha – Obrázek Co vidíte na obrázku? Jaké typy směrování? Napište anglicky (správný výraz 1 bod). A) A)

.......................................................................

F)

B) ....................................................................... C) ....................................................................... B)

G)

D) ....................................................................... E) ....................................................................... F)

C)

....................................................................... G) .......................................................................

D)

E)

– 23 –

 3. Úloha – Fráze/klíčová slova Přečtěte si krátký text a doplňte slova z tabulky (správný výraz 2 body). Routing Routing is the process of determining the routes (1)................................... in a network. In fact, it is the process of selecting the best paths in a (2)................................... Routing is provided by network (3)................................... ISO / OSI model and is used in local networks (4)................................... and the Internet. Internet allows you to move (5)................................... from a computer via several networks to the network of destination. The device that is designed for routing function is called (6)................................... A router performs routing function if the router knows the destination address. Router chooses the best path to remote networks from a list of routes which it stores in its routing (7)................................... text/zdroj:

datagrams, table, network, layer, router, LAN, data

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IP je protokol, který se používá k odeslání dat po síti.

2)

Protokol IP využívá třetí vrstvu modelu OSI.

3)

Tento protokol se používá společně s protokolem TCP.

4)

IP se používá k přiřazení adresy.

5)

Směrování je komunikace po Internetu.

6)

Směrování je proces odeslání datového paketu z jednoho zařízení do jiného zařízení.

7)

Směrovače plní funkci směrování.

8)

Pokud vaše síť nemá směrovač, nemůžete směrování provádět.

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2)

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3)

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5)

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7)

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8)

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 Klíč 1.

1) IP routing process, 2) Static routing, 3) Default routing, 4) Dynamic routing, 5) Split Horizon,

6) Interior Gateway Routing Protocol, 7) Routing Information Protocol

2.

A) router, B) Anycast, C) Broadcast, D) Multicast, E) Unicast, F) Geocast, G) Firewall

3.

(1) datagrams, (2) network, (3) layer, (4) LAN, (5) data, (6) router, (7) table

4.

e.g.:

1)

The IP is a protocol used to send data through the Internet.

2)

The IP operates at layer 3 of the OSI model.

3)

This protocol is used together with the Transport Control Protocol (TCP).

4)

The IP is used to assign address.

5)

Routing is a communication over the Internet.

6)

Routing is the process of sending a data packet from one device to another device.

7)

Routers perform routing function.

8)

If your network does not have a router, you cannot perform routing.

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WORKSHEET: IT – SWITCHING PRACOVNÍ LIST: IT – PŘEPÍNANÍ  1. Úloha – Slovní zásoba Napište anglické ekvivalenty k těmto českým výrazům (správný výraz 1 bod). 1) jednoduchý přepínač................................................................................... 2) víceúčelový přepínač.................................................................................... 3) vrstva 3........................................................................................................... 4) vícevrstvý....................................................................................................... 5) algoritmus rozděleného stromu................................................................. 6) určení výchozího mostu............................................................................... 7) adresovaná paměť.......................................................................................

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 2. Úloha – Obrázek Co vidíte na obrázku? Pojmenujte zařízení či situaci anglicky (správný výraz 1 bod). A) A)

.......................................................................

B)

B) ....................................................................... C) ....................................................................... D) ....................................................................... E)

C)

....................................................................... F) ....................................................................... G) .......................................................................

D)

E)

F)

G)

– 28 –

 3. Úloha – Fráze/klíčová slova Přečtěte si krátký text a doplňte slova z tabulky (správný výraz 2 body). Switching Switching is a technology that is used in computer networks to send data in smaller (1)..................................., usually called (2)................................... or Ethernet frames. Each group is delivered separately. Routing is provided by special switches called IMP (Inter message processor), e. g. switches or routers. Network switches (or switching (3)...................................) are computer devices used for connecting devices in a computer network. The switches perform their (4)................................... functions at layer 2 model of the OSI. Some switches process and forwards data at the Network Layer (layer 3). These types of switches are referred to as (5)................................... 3 switches or (6)................................... switches. Switches form an integral part in networking LAN or WANs. Small office, Home office (SOHO) applications normally use a single or a (7)................................... switch. text/zdroj: (upraveno)

routing, multipurpose, hubs, layer, packets, groups, multilayer

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Přepínač vykonává své funkce na vrstvě 2 modelu OSI.

2)

Některé přepínače provádějí směrování na Síťové vrstvě.

3)

Přepínač je zařízení, které slouží k propojení zařízení v počítačové síti.

4)

Některé přepínače mají další funkce.

5)

Přepínače jsou nedílnou součásti sítí LAN a WAN.

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2)

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3)

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4)

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5)

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 Klíč 1.

1) single switch, 2) multipurpose switch, 3) layer 3, 4) multilayer, 5) spanning tree, 6) selecting

the Root Bridge, 7) Content addressable memory

2.

1) Router – wifi, 2) Smart switch, 3) Bridge/Bridging, 4) Star Topology, 5) Switch, 6) Ethernet

hub, 7) Connector

3.

(1) groups, (2) packets, (3) hubs, (4) routing, (5) layer, (6) multilayer, (7) multipurpose

4.

e.g.:

1)

A switch performs its functions at layer 2 model of the OSI.

2)

Some switches perform routing at the network layer.

3)

A switch is a computer device that is used to connect devices together on a computer

network.

4)

Some switches have additional functions.

5)

Switches are an integral part of LAN and WAN.

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WORKSHEET: IT – VIRTUAL LANS PRACOVNÍ LIST: IT – VIRTUÁLNÍ SÍTĚ LAN  1. Úloha – Slovní zásoba Napište anglické ekvivalenty k těmto českým výrazům (správný výraz 1 bod). 1) základy VLAN................................................................................................. 2) bezpečnost.................................................................................................... 3) škálovatelnost............................................................................................... 4) dynamické VLAN........................................................................................... 5) konfigurace sítí VLAN................................................................................... 6) identifikace sítí VLAN.................................................................................... 7) připojování do sítí VLAN...............................................................................

– 32 –

 2. Úloha – Obrázek Pojmenujte anglicky situaci nebo předmět na obrázku (správný výraz 1 bod). A) A)

.......................................................................

B)

B) ....................................................................... C) C)

....................................................................... D) ....................................................................... E) ....................................................................... F)

D)

....................................................................... G) .......................................................................

E)

F)

IEEE 802.1Q

G)

– 33 –

 3. Úloha – Fráze/klíčová slova Přečtěte si krátký text a doplňte slova z tabulky (správný výraz 2 body). What is a LAN? LAN is a computer (1)................................... that operates in small areas, e. g. schools, homes, small companies, or other buildings that use network media. The most common technologies are (2)................................ and WI – FI. LANs are small networks placed in rooms, or buildings. Although a simple LAN consists of one or several (3)..................................., the network generally composed of active and passive (4)................................... The active elements such as a (5)..................................., switch or Network Interface Controller, are actively involved in the communication. The passive elements include (6)................................... cables, connectors or hub, but they are not involved in communication only passively. A switch can be connected to a router, cable (7)................................... It can also be connected by ADSL modem for internet. Except the LANs there are the WANS. Between these two networks there are the MAN networks. text/zdroj: (přeloženo/upraveno)

modem, connecting, network, switches, Ethernet, router, elements

– 34 –


Síť VLAN je logicky oddělená IP podsíť.

2)

Technologie VLAN umožňuje existenci několika IP sítí a podsítí.

3)

Sítě VLAN jsou domény tvořené několika segmenty sítí LAN.

4)

Každá síť VLAN funguje jako oddělená síť LAN.

5)

Síť VLAN je tvořena jedním nebo několika přepínači.

1)

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2)

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3)

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4)

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5)

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 Klíč 1.

1) VLAN Basic, 2) Security, 3) Scalability, 4) dynamic VLANs, 5) configuring VLANs, 6) identifying

VLANs, 7) VLAN Memberships

2.

A) Switches, B) UTP network cable with connectors, C) Switch, D) MAC(-48) Address, E) VLAN

Trunking Protocol, F) IEEE 802.1Q (networking standard which supports Virtual LANs (VLANs)),

G) Ethernet

3.

(1) network, (2) Ethernet, (3) switches, (4) elements, (5) router, (6) connecting, (7) modem

4.

e.g.:

1)

A VLAN is a logically separate IP subnetwork.

2)

VLAN technology allows several IP networks and subnets to exist.

3)

LANSs are domains created by several LAN segments.

4)

Each VLAN operates as a separate LAN.

5)

VLAN is created by one or more switchers.

– 36 –

WORKSHEET: IT – NETWORK SECURITY PRACOVNÍ LIST: IT – BEZPEČNOST SÍTÍ  1. Úloha – Slovní zásoba Napište anglické ekvivalenty k těmto českým výrazům (správný výraz 1 bod). 1) autentizační kód........................................................................................... 2) autorizace...................................................................................................... 3) bezpečnostní hrozba.................................................................................... 4) zabezpečená síť............................................................................................ 5) nástroje pro útok.......................................................................................... 6) komunikace................................................................................................... 7) útoky na aplikační úrovni.............................................................................

– 37 –

 2. Úloha – Obrázek Jakou situaci (metody zabezpečení a autentizace v počítačových sítích a typy útoků na počítačové sítě) vidíte na obrázku? Napište anglicky (správný výraz 1 bod).

A)

B)

......................................................................................

......................................................................................

C)

D)

......................................................................................

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– 38 –

F) ......................................................................................

E) ......................................................................................

G) ......................................................................................

– 39 –

 3. Úloha – Fráze/klíčová slova Přečtěte si krátký text a doplňte slova z tabulky (správný výraz 2 body). Who is a hacker? A hacker is a person that seeks weaknesses in a computer system or computer (1)................................... Hackers are usually motivated to (2)................................... the system by various reasons – sometimes it is a profit, sometimes a protest, etc. The classification of hackers has already existed. There are several groups of hackers: •

White hat hacker – breaks security to test the (3)................................... system. The person usually works for the company that makes security (4)...................................

•

Black hat hacker – breaks security to destroy (5)...................................

•

Grey hat hacker – a combination of the white and black hat hackers that surfs the Internet to hack into a system. Then hacker notifies the (6)................................... that the system is (7)................................... and offers to correct the system for a fee.

•

Elite hacker – is the most skilled hacker. text/zdroj:

security, defected, software, hack, administrator, network, data

– 40 –


Firewall se používá ke kontrole síťového provozu.

2)

Síť musí být zabezpečena.

3)

V minulosti hacker musel mít výkonný počítač.

4)

Nezabezpečená síť může způsobit ztrátu soukromí a informací.

5)

Hackeři jsou počítačoví odborníci, kteří využívají svých znalostí ve svůj prospěch.

1)

....................................................................................................................................................................

2)

....................................................................................................................................................................

3)

....................................................................................................................................................................

4)

....................................................................................................................................................................

5)

....................................................................................................................................................................

– 41 –

 Klíč 1.

1) authentication code, 2) authorization, 3) security threat, 4) secured network, 5) attack tools,

6) communication, 7) application-layer attacks

2.

A) Firewall (Implementation of Firewall in LAN network), B) Authentication in network,

C) Authentication in network by authentication server, D) Public key encryption, E) DoS attack

(Denial-of-service attack), F) Man in the middle attack, G) ARP spoofing attack

3.

(1) network, (2) hack, (3) security, (4) software, (5) data, (6) administrator, (7) defected

4.

e.g.:

1)

A firewall is used to control network traffic.

2)

The network must be secured.

3)

In the past a hacker had to have a sophisticated computer.

4)

Unsecured network can cause a loss of privacy and information.

5)

Hackers are computer experts, with great knowledge of PC networks.

– 42 –

WORKSHEET: IT – TROUBLESHOOT NETWORK PRACOVNÍ LIST: IT – ŘEŠENÍ PROBLÉMU V SÍTÍCH  1. Úloha – Slovní zásoba Napište anglické ekvivalenty k těmto českým výrazům (správný výraz 1 bod). 1) ověřování spojení......................................................................................... 2) Ping................................................................................................................. 3) ověření fyzických rozhraní........................................................................... 4) použití nástrojů traceroute......................................................................... 5) monitorování a dokumentování................................................................. 6) identifikace počítačů a zařízení................................................................... 7) obecná problematika spojování.................................................................

– 43 –

 2. Úloha – Obrázek Jaká situace je znázorněna na obrázku? Napište anglicky (správný výraz 1 bod).

A)

B)

......................................................................................

......................................................................................

C)

D)

......................................................................................

......................................................................................

– 44 –

E)

F)

......................................................................................

......................................................................................

G) ......................................................................................

– 45 –

 3. Úloha – Fráze/klíčová slova Přečtěte si krátký text a doplňte slova z tabulky (správný výraz 2 body). What is a Troubleshooting? Troubleshooting is a systematic search for the source of problem (not only) in a network. To troubleshoot a problem in network means to identify, diagnose, and sort the problem out. What problems can appear in a network? •

Network cable connectivity issue

•

TCP/IP on host (1).................................... is not configured correctly

•

Conflict of IP address on a network, duplicate IP address on the network

•

Switch/(2).................................... problem

•

Gateway issue

•

(3).................................... issue

How to troubleshoot a problem? So, there is some advice: All required ports on firewall should be opened for proper or proper functionality of all applications. Verify (4).................................... connections. Verify the LAN (5).................................... if this is properly connected and LEDs on connector are illuminated properly. Make sure the computer is connected to the (6).................................... by performing the ping command. For example, if IP address of your router is 192.168.27.1 perform command: ping 192.168.27.1 Another method how to fix the network issues is to use the tracert command on Windows PCs or the (7).................................... command on Linux. This command is very useful for solving problems exists in network and give an overview of the devices and hops of packets over the network. text/zdroj: ,

port, hub, interface, router, traceroute, firewall, cable – 46 –


Ping prověřuje funkčnost spojení mezi dvěma síťovými rozhraními.

2)

Doménové jméno nebo IP adresa síťového rozhraní je parametr programu PING.

3)

Program traceroute analyzuje počítačové sítě.

4)

IP adresa je číslo sloužící k identifikaci počítače v síti.

5)

Trunk je přenosový spoj, který propojuje dva přepínací systémy.

1)

....................................................................................................................................................................

2)

....................................................................................................................................................................

3)

....................................................................................................................................................................

4)

....................................................................................................................................................................

5)

....................................................................................................................................................................

– 47 –

 Klíč 1.

1) verifying Network Connections, 2) ping, 3) verifying interface connections, 4) using trace route,

5) monitoring and documentation, 6) identifying hosts and devices, 7) common trunk problems

2.

1) PingPlotter (on PC for trace route), 2) hierarchical communications network, 3) Ping command

(at a command prompt on the PC. E.g., the test response to the IP address 192.168.1.1.),

4) UTP patch cable, 5) Ethernet connector, 6) Firewall, 7) Wireshark (communication analyse utility)

3.

(1) interface, (2) hub, (3) Firewall, (4) cable, (5) port, (6) router, (7) traceroute

4.

e.g.:

1)

Ping verifies the functionality of the connection between two network interfaces.

2)

Domain name or IP address of the network interface is the parameter of PING program.

3)

Program trace route analyses the computer networks.

4)

IP address is a number used to identify a computer on the network.

5)

Trunk is a transmission link that connects two switching systems.

– 48 –

 Zdroj obrázků Spolupráce sítí (2. úloha) A) http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Ethernet_Connection.jpg B) http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Adsl_connections.jpg C) http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Network_switches.jpg D) http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Cisco_1900_switch_inside.jpg E) http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:4_port_netgear_ethernet_hub.jpg F) http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Repeater-schema.svg G) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:UTP_cable.jpg

Úvod do TCP/IP (2. úloha) http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Tcpip_zapouzdreni.svg

Adresování sítí (2. úloha) A) http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Internet_map_1024.jpg B) http://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%BAbor:NETWORK-Library-LAN.png C) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ipv4_address.svg D) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Binaryvdecimal.svg E) http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:IPv4_Multicast_to_Mac_Address_German.svg F) http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Tcpip_vrstvy.svg G) http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:IBM_hermaphroditic_connector.JPG

IP směrování (2. úloha) A) http://pixabay.com/cs/sm%C4%9Brova%C4%8D-bezdr%C3%A1tov%C3%BD-s%C3%AD%C5%A5-p%C5%99ipojen%C3%AD-157597/

– 49 –

B) http://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plik:Anycast.svg C) http://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plik:Broadcast.svg D) http://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plik:Multicast.svg E) http://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plik:Unicast.svg F) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Geocast.svg G) http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Firewall.png

Přepínaní (2. úloha) A) http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Routeur-wifi.jpg B) http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Smartswitch6000.jpg C) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Network_Bridging.png D) http://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%BAbor:Star_Topology.png E) http://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:2550T-PWR-Front.jpg F) http://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plik:4_port_netgear_ethernet_hub.jpg G) http://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%BAbor:Rj-45_uncripped.jpg

Virtuální sítě LAN (2. úloha) A) http://pixabay.com/cs/s%C3%AD%C5%A5-p%C5%99ipojen%C3%AD-pc-webov%C3%A1-adresa-197300/ B) http://pixabay.com/cs/s%C3%AD%C5%A5-ethernet-kabel-s%C3%AD%C5%A5ov%C3%A9-kabely-177464/ C) http://pixabay.com/cs/ethernet-s%C3%AD%C5%A5-p%C5%99ep%C3%ADna%C4%8D-internet-156547/ D) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ethernet_802.1Q_Insert.svg E) http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:MAC-48_Address.svg G) http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:VLAN_Trunking_Protocol_.gif

– 50 –

Bezpečnost sítí (2. úloha) A) http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:1Firewall.jpg B) http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Schema8021x.PNG, C) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:802.1X_wired_protocols.png D) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Public_key_encryption_keys.png E) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Stachledraht_DDos_Attack.svg F) http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Man_in_the_middle_attack.svg G) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:ARP_Spoofing.svg

Řešení problému v sítích (2. úloha) B) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Heirarchical_Communication_Network.png C) http://pixabay.com/cs/ethernet-s%C3%AD%C5%A5-p%C5%99ep%C3%ADna%C4%8D-internet-156547/ D) http://pixabay.com/cs/ethernet-kabel-1826/ E) http://pixabay.com/cs/ethernet-p%C5%99%C3%ADstav-p%C5%99ep%C3%ADna%C4%8D-po%C4%8D%C3%ADta%C4%8De-160832 F) http://pixabay.com/cs/br%C3%A1na-firewall-po%C4%8D%C3%ADta%C4%8De-internet-156010/

– 51 –

WORKSHEET: IT COOPERATION NETWORKS

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