Strategi Peningkatan Peran dan Kontribusi Iptek dalam Kerangka SINas untuk Mendukung Keberhasilan MP3EI

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Strategi Peningkatan Peran dan Kontribusi Iptek dalam Kerangka SINas untuk Mendukung Keberhasilan MP3EI

Benyamin Lakitan

Dewan Riset Nasional, 10 Mei 2012


Amanah Konstitusi

“Pemerintah memajukan iptek dengan menjunjung tinggi nilai-nilai agama dan persatuan bangsa untuk memajukan peradaban serta kesejahteraan umat manusia” Undang-Undang Dasar 1945, Pasal 31 Ayat (5)


Aligning S&T – NIS – MP3EI Peradaban Maju Rakyat Sejahtera

[There is] a fundamental management task of aligning individual behaviors with [research] center goals and objectives

MP3EI

P. Craig Boardman [2009]

SINas Iptek Iptek


MP3EI Iptek

SINas

Kinerja Iptek Indonesia

2500

Article Published


3000

SINGAPORE

2000

1500

THAILAND MALAYSIA

1000

VIETNAM INDONESIA PHILIPPINES

500

0 2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

Year Sumber: Lakitan et al. (2012)

2.57

2.14

Article Published


2.96

3

2 1.66 1.51

0.91

0.88

1

0.84

0.53 0.33 0.19

0.17 0

Indonesia

Malaysia

Philippines

Per Full Time Equivalence

Singapore

Thailand

Vietnam

Per Head Count Sumber: Lakitan et al. (2012)

3.3

Domestic Researcher Involved per Article


3.5

THAILAND SINGAPORE

3.1

MALAYSIA

2.9

2.7 y = 0,5695ln(x) + 1,5622 R² = 0,9514

2.5

2.3

VIETNAM 2.1

PHILIPPINES 1.9

INDONESIA Sumber: Lakitan et al. (2012)

1.7

1.5 0

5

10

15

Published Article (x1000)

20

25


Komponen Negara

Infrastruktur

Dukungan TIK

Kegiatan Litbang

Manajemen Teknologi

Agregat

Singapura

9,74

8,72

9,37

10,00

9,46

Malaysia

4,51

4,45

4,55

8,37

5,49

Thailand

4,60

2,36

4,40

7,08

4,60

Indonesia

3,89

1,57

4,38

6,68

4,12

Brunei

0,97

4,54

1,56

6,22

3,37

Filipina

1,22

2,07

3,52

6,03

3,22

Vietnam

2,51

1,79

1,07

5,38

2,70

Cambodia

2,14

0,60

1,36

6,28

2,60

Myanmar

0,85

0,08

1,37

5,67

2,01

Laos

0,85

1,33

0,92

3,92

1,77

Sumber: Kao et al. (2008)


The main theoretical for the separation of the R&D function from related scientific activities was the distinction between novelty and routine

•

C. Freeman and L. Soete (2009)

Bagaimana dengan Lembaga Iptek Kita ?


Kandungan Teknologi Ekspor Indonesia

Sumber: Bank Dunia (2011)


“History is changed when we put into it the technology that counts: not only the famous spectacular technologies but also the low and ubiquitous ones” D. Edgerton (2006)


MP3EI Iptek

SINas

Potret Inovasi Indonesia


Competitiveness Index Indonesia, 2008-2010 GCI Pillar

Rank 2008

2009

Score 2010

2008

2009

2010

Basic Requirement Institution

68

58

61

3.9

4.0

4.0

Infrastructure

86

84

82

3.0

3.2

3.6

Macroeconomic stability

72

52

35

4.9

4.8

5.2

Health and Primary Education

87

82

62

5.3

5.2

5.8

Efficiency Enhancer Higher Education and Training

71

69

66

3.9

3.9

4.2

Good market efficiency

37

41

49

4.7

4.5

4.3

Labor market efficiency

43

75

84

4.6

4.3

4.2

Financial market development

57

61

62

4.5

4.3

4.2

Technological readiness

88

88

91

3.0

3.2

3.2

Market size

17

16

15

5.1

5.2

5.2

Innovation and Sophistication Factors Business sophistication

39

40

37

4.5

4.5

4.4

Innovation

47

39

36

3.4

3.6

3.7

Sumber: WEF (2011)


“Pertumbuhan ekonomi Indonesia masih bertumpu pada sumberdaya alam, belum bersumber pada inovasi” Boediono Peringkatan Hari HKI, 8 Mei 2012




Reforms in national research systems aiming to increase technology transfer and the commercialization of research have become a global trend Einar Rasmussen (2008)


Unsur Esensial SINas 1 INFORMASI KEBUTUHAN & PROBLEMA SENSITIVITAS

PENGEMBANG TEKNOLOGI

KETERBUKAAN

Fasilitator Intermediator Regulator

PENGGUNA TEKNOLOGI

RELEVANSI KAPASITAS ADOPSI

2 PAKET TEKNOLOGI


What is not disseminated and used is not an innovation

• The World Bank (2010)


MP3EI Iptek

SINas

Rencana Induk Ekonomi Indonesia





“ Yet while copying existing technology is very sensible, imitating innovation policies may be a mistake” D. Edgerton (2006)


Concluding Remark: “There is no easy way, we need to tailor our own innovation system”


Strategi Peningkatan Peran dan Kontribusi Iptek dalam Kerangka SINas untuk Mendukung Keberhasilan MP3EI

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