SOLID WASTE DISPOSAL on LAND in INDONESIA

SOLID WASTE DISPOSAL on LAND in INDONESIA The 4th Workshop on Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Inventories in ASIA by HB Henky Sutanto – BPPT – Indonesia

Jakarta, 14-15 February 2007

2FD.Reusable Sanitary Landfill means 2 place of LandfillGas to Energy Plant & Means also 2 Anaerobic Composting Plant 2

KABUPATEN SERANG

1

5

3

4

ENERGI LISTRIK

RE ST

INSTALASI KOMPOS

LANDFILL GAS (LFG) REST

MATERIAL PERBAIKAN TANAH ENERGI PANAS

ENERGI PANAS

) SH (A

INSTALASI PEMBAKARAN SAMPAH

ST RE

INSTALASI PEMATANGAN KOMPOS

TPA-OD Cilowong

TPA-CONTROL LANDFILL

LANDFILL GAS (LFG)

TPSA-RSL

LAHAN KRITIS

LAHAN SUBUR

ENERGI LISTRIK

LEACHATE

LAHAN TERKONTAMINASI

LEACHATE

LEACHATE

SL - R TS D P 2F IC NCE O C

TPSA-RSL Unit1

LEACHATE MATERIAL PERBAIKAN TANAH

TPSA-RSL Unit 2

TPA-RSL = TPA REUSABLE LANDFILL

FD-OD Cilowong, Serang 2004

THE MAIN PROBLEMS

460 Location of Final Disposal-Open Dumping in Indonesia 460 unit Emitter of Green House Gas (CH4 & CO2) 21 x CO2 = CH4 (Landfill Gas & GreenHouseGas)

Time Frame of Production of CH4P O Lin A SW-Landfill-Sites P R O D U K S I G A S D I T P A Gas KOMPOSISI GAS

VOL (%)

FASE

FASE

FASE

I

II

III

FASE

IV

100

80

N2 CO2

60

40

GAS METHANE ( CH4 ) 20

O2 H2

W A K T U

( tahun ) SUMBER : Grundlagen der Gasentstehung, Farquhar & Rovers ( 1973 ) dI Abfallwirtschaft an der Technischen Universitaet Berlin, Band 5, s. 139-169 TU BerlIn, 1980

Timeframe & Amount of LFG-Production from SW-Landfill 25 Exp. 1 : max. production of Gas : 103 m3/ton solid waste

20

Exp. 2 : max. production of Gas : 165 m3/ton solid waste Exp. 3 : max. production of Gas : 248 m3/ton solid waste (FD with fein SW&sludge)

m3 Gas/ton.Year

15

10

5

0 0

5

10

15

20

25

30

40

Year

Global Warming as an effect of Green House Gas (CO2,CH4) Emission

Global Warming & Possible Future Disasters

ANOTHER PROBLEMS • How to fulfill the MDG-Targets & to eradicate :

-

– – – – –

Poverty Illiteracy Hunger Unsafe & unsustainable water supply Disease Urban & environmental degradation

• Energy supply shortages • Sustainability of available Airspace for the Solid Waste -Temporary & -Final Disposal.

SOLID WASTE STREAM, FROM GENERATION TO DISPOSAL The Growth of Solid Waste Generation/person/year (tpy) Y 1971

1980

1990

2000

2010

2020

Prog-CODE

Tpy/capita

Tpy/capita

Tpy/capita

Tpy/capita

Tpy/capita

Tpy/capita

Sumatra

HMSMPC

0,026

0,191

0,189

0,225

0,209

0,182

Java

HMJVPC

0,029

0,199

0,240

0,338

0,361

0,358

Kalimantan

HMKLPC

0,031

0,224

0,271

0,381

0,407

0,403

Sulawesi

HMSLPC

0,031

0,224

0,271

0,381

0,407

0,403

Nusa Tenggara

HMNTPC

0,053

0,372

0,496

0,780

0,945

1,079

Maluku-Irian

HMMIPC

0,039

0,230

0,326

0,555

0,750

1,009

INDONESIA

HMPCRI

0,031

0,195

0,236

0,332

0,354

0,350

Source: Sutanto, HBHenky – AbfallWirtschafts Indonesia SDS-Model/AWINA-Systems Dynamic SimulationModell version G,, TUBerlin 1993

SOLID WASTE STREAM, FROM GENERATION TO DISPOSAL ThePrediction of Growth of Urban Population in Indonesia Y 1971

1980

1990

2000

2010

2020

Prog-CODE

Million person

Million person

Million person

Million person

Million person

Million person

Sumatra

EWSM

3,6

5,5

7,5

9,6

11,7

13,8

Java

EWJV

16,6

22,9

30,0

37,0

44,1

51,1

Kalimantan

EWKL

0,9

1,4

2,1

2,7

3,4

4,0

Sulawesi

EWSL

1,0

1,7

2,2

2,8

3,4

3,9

Nusa Tenggara

EWNT

0,6

1,0

1,3

1,7

2,0

2,3

Maluku-Irian

EWMI

0,3

0,4

0,5

0,7

0,8

1,0

INDONESIA

EWRI

23,1

32,8

43,7

54,5

65,3

76,2

Source: Sutanto, HBHenky – AbfallWirtschafts Indonesia SDS-Model/AWINA-Systems Dynamic SimulationModell version G,, DissertationTUBerlin 1993

SOLID WASTE STREAM, FROM GENERATION TO DISPOSAL ThePrediction of Growth of Household in Indonesia Y 1971

1980

1990

2000

2010

2020

Prog-CODE

X1.000 unit

X1.000 unit

X1.000 unit

X1.000 unit

X1.000 unit

X1.000 unit

Sumatra

HAHASM

684

1.054

1.541

2.091

2.717

3.354

Java

HAHAJV

3.344

4.984

6.969

9.027

11.010

12.770

Kalimantan

HAHAKL

166

283

444

636

845

1.007

Sulawesi

HAHASL

207

306

455

637

844

987

Nusa Tenggara

HAHANT

114

176

271

393

488

587

Maluku-Irian

HAHAMI

42

68

106

154

202

250

INDONESIA

HAHARI

4.558

6.872

9.786

12.938 16.105

18.954


SOLID WASTE STREAM, FROM GENERATION TO DISPOSAL ThePrediction of Solid Waste Production Growth in Indonesia Y 1971 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 Prog-CODE

Million Ton/year

Million Ton/year

Million Ton/year

Million Ton/year

Million Ton/year

Million Ton/year

Sumatra

HMULLSM

0,10

1,05

1,43

2,17

2,44

2,51

Java

HMULLJV

0,48

4,57

7,20

12,53

15,92

18,29

Kalimantan

HMULLKL

0,03

0,32

0,57

1,04

1,38

1,62

Sulawesi

HMULLSL

0,03

0,37

0,60

1,07

1,37

1,59

Nusa Tenggara

HMULLNT

0,03

0,35

0,65

1,29

1,89

2,53

Maluku-Irian

HMULLMI

0,01

0,09

0,18

0,39

0,63

1,01

INDONESIA

HMULLRI (tpy)

0,70

1,80

3,80

7,00

10,80

14,80

INDONESIA

HMULLRI (cumpy)

1,70

5,30

19,00

36,40

56,30

76,70


Sources of Solid Wastes & Volume (m3/day) in Bandung – West Java Province Nr.

Source

Volume(m3)

1

Housing Area

3.978

2

Market

613

3

Street

449

4

Industry

787

5

Commercial

312

6

Public Facility

561

Source: KLH-Asdep Urusan Limbah Domestik, maret 2005

Composition of Solid Wastes & Volume (m3/day) in Magetan – East Java Province

Nr.

Art of Waste

Volume(m3)

1

Organic Materials

93,18

2

Paper

3,87

3

Plastics

3,97

4

Metal

1,54

5

Glass/Porcelain

0,52

6

Natural Rubber

0,63

7

Textile

1,72

8

Others

1,84

Source: KLH-Asdep Urusan Limbah Domestik, maret 2005

(%)

POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS •

CH4-Recovery from existing SW-Final Disposal.Open Dumping

•

Landfill-Mining after CH4-Recovery activity

• • •

Use of LM-Compost for erosion control activity Plantation of Jatropha-Curcas in terraced area Use the Jatropha-Tree as a hedge in the rural area

•

Jatropha-Seed processing for Non-Edible BioDiesel Oil (Liquid)

• •

Conversion of SWFD, from existing FD.Open Dumping to FD.RSL I Development of 2nd. FD.RSL in New Locations

•

Integrate two FD Locations in the 1C-2FD.RSL spatial concept.

•

CH4 Gas Recovery in every FD.REUSABLE SANITARY LANDFILL (Gas)

•

Landfill-Mining in FD.RSL after CH4-Recovery activity, preparation works before the next filling cycle (Reuse of FD.Reusable Sanitary Landfill)

SW-Final Disposal, a spatial problems

Heavy Equipment

SCENARIO I

SCENARIO II

SCENARIO III

Cat-D8

Cat-D9 / Cat-LC 816C

Cat-LC 826B

Standard Space/ FD-RSL Module BPPT

Ha.

23,61

18,85

13,51

INDONESIA 2000

Ha

5.360

4.280

3.070

INDONESIA 2010

Ha

6.470

5.170

3.705

INDONESIA 2020

Ha

7.560

6.032

4.325

Sumber: Sutanto, HB Henky, 1C2FD-SL+. An alternative concept toward sustainable Healthy Tropical City of Indonesia. Jakarta, 8 Juni 2000

METHODOLOGY OF SITE_SELECTION FOR SWFD-REUSABLE SANITARY LAND DEVELOPED DURING THE WORLD-BANK PROJECT WJEMP-SERANG 3-1, Kabupaten Serang, Provinsi Banten 2003 “ ONE TIME SITE SELECTION, USE IT FOREVER” Pengadaan peta digital

Output

-

Peta Peta Peta Peta

RTRW Rupabumi Citra Satelit/Foto Udara Kelayakan TPSA/ DGTL

PROSES OPERASI TPSA-RSL 15-20 Tahun

Super Impose Peta Digital 5

6

Lokasi Layak existing Landuse I

Proses Seleksi ke-3

Lokasi Layak existing Landuse II

Proses Seleksi ke-4

Lokasi Layak Menurut RTRW 1999

PE N G

Proses Seleksi ke-2

4

Proses Seleksi ke-8

PENY

Lokasi Layak Menurut arah angin

Proses Seleksi ke-7

SES G PRO MININ FILL LAND

Proses Seleksi ke-6

7

PRO SE USUN S OPER AN SOP ASI I

Lokasi Layak Menurut Constrain transportasi darat Lokasi Layak Menurut Bencana alam (Banjir 50 th)

Proses Seleksi ke-5

H A

Output

Survai Lapangan 1

UNAN NYUS

Daftar calon desa terpilih

SL

PE

SA-R

2 9

Survai Lapangan 2

Daftar 3 Desa Terpilih

ES E OS OP PR AN UN

NY PE

1

PROSES PENYUSUNAN AMDAL TPSA-RSL

II SI RA

US

10a

Sosialisasi 3 Desa Terpilih CCM (Community Consultation Meeting) Desa A Desa B Desa C

lokakarya 3

1X 1X 1X

Output

Desa Lokasi TPSA-RSL terpilih

Survai Lapangan 3

Sosialisasi di Desa Lokasi TPSA-RSL Terpilih Output

Lokakarya 2

Propinsi Banten

Draft TPSA PAB Kabupaten Serang Lokakarya 4 TPSA-PAB (TPSA-Public Advisory Board)

Output

Output

10b

PROS BILITA ES SI TP

Sosialisasi 11 Desa Calon lokasi Rabu, 1 Oktober 2003 (Kec.Pamarayan) Rabu, 8 Oktober 2003 (Kec. Jawilan dan Kec.Kopo) Kamis, 9 Oktober 2003 (Kec. Cikeusal dan Kec.Tunjung Teja) Rabu, 15 Oktober 2003 (Kec. Walantaka)

8

REHA

ES -RSL PROS TPSA DED

Daftar 11 lokasi desa terpilih TPSA di Serang Timur

Lokakarya 1 Kamis, 23 Oktober

FIX LOCATION OF TPSA- REUSABLE SANITARY LANDFILL (TPSA-RSL) EAST SERANG

3

PE NY US P R U NA O S E N FS S TP SA -R SL

PROSES SELEKSI

Proses Seleksi ke-I

P S M SE O I SA PR AS hun D a A T R ?

Lokasi Layak berdasar geological barier

EG D

A PR D O A S A E N S TP SA -R SL

Proses Seleksi

Draft Final TPSA PAB

Lokakarya 5

Pertemuan ke-1

Draft

Pertemuan ke-2

Draft Final

32 Kecamatan AD & ART,SOP

Pemerintah Desa Pertemuan ke-3

Established

PKK

Forum tukar pikiran, penyampaian masalah solusi masalah TPSA-RSL Masyarakat Terkena Dampak Langsung TPSA-RSL Cilowong TPSA-RSL EAST SERANG 1

TPSA-RSL Kosambi Ronyok

Interest Group

Tokoh MAsyarakat Pengamat lingkungan SMU Forum Lingkungan

LSM Perguruan Tinggi

3

Bappeda

2 SubDin K3-DPU

FD.SL ?...or… FD.RSL ? PROSES PENGAD LOKASI TPSA-SL AAN BARU

Pengadaan peta digital

- Peta RTRW - Peta Rupabumi - Peta Citra Satelit/Foto Udara - Peta Kelayakan TPSA/ DGTL


SA -S L

Desa A Desa B Desa C

Survai Lapangan 3

lokakarya 3

Output

Propinsi Banten

Desa Lokasi TPSA-SL terpilih

AD & ART,SOP

Draft Final

32 Kecamatan

Draft

AD & ART,SOP

Draft Final

PROSES OPERASI TPSA-RSL 15-20 Tahun

5

Masyarakat Terkena Dampak Langsung TPSA-RSL Cilowong

LSM

TPSA-RSL EAST SERANG

Perguruan Tinggi 3

Bappeda

2

1


Interest Group

PKK

Masyarakat Terkena Dampak Langsung

Forum Lingkungan

TPSA-RSL Cilowong

LSM


Perguruan Tinggi 3

Bappeda

1

2 SubDin K3-DPU

SL 2 – 2025 >> 2045

6

SL -R G PR AD O A S ES A N TP SA PE N


4


Proses Seleksi ke-8

7

SES NG PRO L MINI DFIL LAN

Lokasi Layak Menurut Bencana alam (Banjir 50 th)

Proses Seleksi ke-7

PEN PROSES YUS OPE UNAN RAS SOP II

Lokasi Layak Menurut Constrain transportasi darat

Proses Seleksi ke-5 Proses Seleksi ke-6

Output

Survai Lapangan 1

FIX LOCATION OF TPSA- REUSABLE SANITARY LANDFILL (TPSA-RSL) EAST SERANG

3

8

10b

PEN

PRO SES ABIL ITAS I TPS A-RS


REH

L A-RS SES TPS PRO N DED UNA YUS


L


2 9

TP SA

-R

SL

US PR UN O ANSE S FS

Survai Lapangan 2

PR PE


1

PROSES PENYUSUNAN AMDAL TPSA-RSL

NY

OS

US

ES

UN

AN

ER OP

AS

I II

10a

Sosialisasi 3 Desa Terpilih CCM (Community Consultation Meeting) Desa A Desa B Desa C

lokakarya 3

1X 1X 1X

Output

Desa Lokasi TPSA-RSL terpilih

Survai Lapangan 3

Sosialisasi di Desa Lokasi TPSA-RSL Terpilih Output

Lokakarya 2

Propinsi Banten

Draft TPSA PAB Kabupaten Serang Lokakarya 4 TPSA-PAB (TPSA-Public Advisory Board)

Output

Output

NY


PE

PROSES SELEKSI

Proses Seleksi ke-4


Pertemuan ke-1 Lokakarya 5

32 Kecamatan

Draft

Pertemuan ke-2

Draft Final

Pertemuan ke-3

Established

AD & ART,SOP

Pemerintah Desa

PKK

Forum tukar pikiran, penyampaian masalah solusi masalah TPSA-RSL Masyarakat Terkena Dampak Langsung TPSA-RSL Cilowong TPSA-RSL EAST SERANG 1


Interest Group



3

Bappeda

TPSA.RSL 1 – 2005 >> 20xx 2

SubDin K3-DPU

Interest Group



3

Bappeda

2

SL 3 – 2045 >> 2065

AH P S SAM SE O ASI n hu PRAD R ? Ta

Proses Seleksi ke-3



SubDin K3-DPU

EG

Proses Seleksi ke-2

Established

Forum tukar pikiran, penyampaian masalah, solusi masalah TPSA-SL

D

Lokasi Layak berdasar geological barier Lokasi Layak existing Landuse I

Draft Final Pemerintah Desa

Pertemuan ke-3

Tokoh MAsyarakat

Proses Seleksi

Proses Seleksi ke-I

AD & ART,SOP

Pengamat lingkungan SMU


Super Impose Peta Digital

32 Kecamatan

Draft

Lokakarya 5 Pertemuan ke-2

Forum Lingkungan

Interest Group

SL 1 – 2005 >> 2025 Output

Pertemuan ke-1

PKK


Pengamat lingkungan SMU

SubDin K3-DPU


Propinsi Banten

Kabupaten Serang

TPSA-PAB (TPSA-Public Advisory Board)

Pemerintah Desa Established

Tokoh MAsyarakat

Masyarakat Terkena Dampak Langsung

1

Survai Lapangan 3


Lokakarya 5

Pertemuan ke-3



Lokakarya 4

Pertemuan ke-1

PKK



Output

Draft TPSA PAB

TPSA-PAB (TPSA-Public Advisory Board)

Pertemuan ke-2

Established

TPSA-RSL Cilowong

PROSES PENYUSUNAN AMDAL TPSA-SL

1X 1X 1X

Sosialisasi di Desa Lokasi TPSA-SL Terpilih

Propinsi Banten

Pemerintah Desa Pertemuan ke-3

-S L

lokakarya 3


Lokakarya 5 Pertemuan ke-2

NG PR AD OS AA ES N TP SA

Survai Lapangan 3

Output

Output Draft Final TPSA PAB

32 Kecamatan

Draft

PE


Output

Lokakarya 4

TPSA-PAB (TPSA-Public Advisory Board) Pertemuan ke-1

ES PROS AN DED USUN -SL TPSA PENY

1

1X 1X 1X

Kabupaten Serang

Kabupaten Serang

Lokakarya 4


Sosialisasi 3 Desa Terpilih CCM (Community Consultation Meeting)

Draft TPSA PAB

Draft TPSA PAB

2

Lokakarya 2




Output


TPSA- SANITARY LANDFILL (TPSA-SL)

3

Output

Survai Lapangan 2


Output

Output

PROSES SELEKSI

ES PROS AN DED USUN -SL PENY TPSA


Sosialisasi 3 Desa Terpilih CCM (Community Consultation Meeting)

1X 1X 1X

Survai Lapangan 1

Output

US PR UN OS AN ES FS TP


lokakarya 3



1


4


2

Lokakarya 2

1 Sosialisasi 3 Desa Terpilih CCM (Community Consultation Meeting)




Survai Lapangan 2


PE NY

Lokakarya 2

6

5

Output

Output

2

Survai Lapangan 2

Output


PROS PENY USUNES OPER AN SOP ASI I

-S L

PROSES SELEKSI

ES PROS AN DED USUN -SL TPSA PENY



Proses Seleksi ke-8


3



Output



Proses Seleksi ke-7

Survai Lapangan 1


L


Proses Seleksi ke-3

Proses Seleksi ke-6

PROS PENY USUN ES OPER AN SOP ASI I

-S L NG PR AD OS AA ES N TP SA PROS PENY USUNES OPER AN SOP ASI I

Output

Proses Seleksi ke-8


3


PE NG PR AD OS AA ES N TP SA


Proses Seleksi ke-7

Survai Lapangan 1


4

PROSES OPERASI TPSA-SL


Proses Seleksi ke-2

SA -S

Proses Seleksi ke-6


6

5

Lokasi Layak Menurut Constrain transportasi darat Lokasi Layak Menurut Bencana alam (Banjir 50 th)


PE


AH ES MP OS I SA n PR AS hu AD Ta ?



GR DE

Proses Seleksi ke-3

AH ES MP OS I SAn PR AS hu AD Ta ?

4




Proses Seleksi ke-2

GR


Proses Seleksi ke-6

6

5

Proses Seleksi ke-I

DE


AH ES MP OS I SA n PR AS hu AD Ta ?


GR DE




NY


Proses Seleksi ke-3


Proses Seleksi Lokasi Layak berdasar geological barier

Proses Seleksi ke-I

PE


Output


Proses Seleksi

Proses Seleksi ke-2 PROSES SELEKSI

Output



Proses Seleksi ke-I

SA -S L


Proses Seleksi


Output


PE NY


PROSES PENGAD LOKASI TPSA-SL AAN BARU

PROSES PENGAD LOKASI TPSA-SL AAN BARU

REUSABLE SANITARY LANDFILL, LANDFILL MINING COMPOST, SOIL CONSERVATION AND JATROPHA CURCAS L. PLANTATION

An Automotive Non Edible BioDiesel Oil (ANE-BDO) & CH4-Landfillgas sustainable producer

Integrated System of Solid Waste Management to Dual Renewable Energy Generation & Catchment Area Land Conservation & Poverty Alleviation

REUSABLE SANITARY LANDFILL TECHNOLOGY Investment Rp. 3 Milyard/Hektar CH4-Power Plant, Recycling Plant Anaerobic Compost Producer after 10 tahun Fix location, everlasting FD-plant (reusable). 1 Operational-Cycle takes about 15 tahun No need new FD location seeking (only 2x) First Start from Landfill-Mining of old-FD Sites Followed by application of Reusable Sanitary Landfill-Technology

ENERG I L IS T R IK

ENERG I PAN AS

KABUPATEN SERANG

L A N D F IL L G A S (L F G )

LAHAN SUBUR

L RS T . D 2F C EP IC O N C

T P S A -R S L U n it1

LEAC H ATE

LAHAN KRITIS

M A T E R IA L P E R B A IK A N TAN AH

T P S A -R S L U n it 2

T P S A -R S L = T P S A R E U S A B L E S A N IT A R Y L A N D F IL L

Integrated System of Solid Waste Management to Dual Renewable Energy Generation, Catchment Area Land Conservation & Poverty Alleviation

Renewable CH4-LFGas

Non Edible Jatropha BioDiesel Oil

PILOT PLANT OF REUSABLE SANITARY LANDFILL TPSA-RSL Bojong Menteng – Kec.Tunjung Teja-Kabupaten Serang Provinsi Banten Areal : 119,5 Hektar Carrying Capacity for 1st.Cycle: 100 jt.M3 LFGTE max: 25 MWel. Treatment Capacity max 3.000 Ton/day Investment : USD 45 juta (Exchange Rate 1USD=Rp 9.000,00 ) REUSABLE – n-Cycles

SOLID WASTE DISPOSAL on LAND in INDONESIA

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