TPL208 INFRASTRUKTUR WILAYAH
INFRASTRUKTUR PERSAMPAHAN Ir Darmawan L Ir. L. Cahya Cahya,, MURP, MURP MPA MPA.
[email protected] Program Studi Perencanaan Wilayah dan Kota gg Fakultas Teknik - Universitas Esa Unggul 1
PERSAMPAHAN: Sampah: Material sisa yang tidak diinginkan setelah berakhirnya suatu proses. Sampah: dapat berada pada setiap fase materi: PADAT, CAIR, GAS
SAMPAH PADAT (SOLID WASTES) •SUMBER (Sources of Wastes) •PEWADAHAN (Waste Disposal) •PENGUMPULAN G ((Waste C Collecting) ll ) •PENGANGKUTAN (Waste Transportation)
S Sources off S Solid lid W Wastes: t Residential (Single Fam, Fam, Multifamily, Dwelling, Appartment) Appartment) Commercial (Stores, Restaurants, Market, Office Building,
Shops, Shops Services Station Station, etc)
Institutional (Schools, Hospital, Prisons, Governmental Centers
etc)
Industrial (Construction, Fabrication, Manufacturing, Refineries,
Plants, etc)
Agricultural (Field, Vineyards, Dairies, Feedlots, Farms, etc) Municipal Services (Street Cleaning, Landscaping, Basin,
Parks, Beach, Recreations, etc)
Types of Solid Wastes:
Residential (Food, Paper, Plastics,Textiles Plastics,Textiles,, Leather, Wood, Glass, Tin Cans, Alluminium, Alluminium, Cardboards, Metals, Ashes, Leaves, Bulky, oil, tyres, tyres, electronics, batteries, hazardous)
Commercial (Paper, Cardboards, Plastics, Wood, glass,
hazardous)
Institutional (Rubbish) Industrial (Scrap Material, Industrial Process Wastes,
Construction)
Agricultural(Spoiled Food Waste, Agr Wastes, Rubbish,
Hazardous)
Municipal Services (Rubbish)
Sumber Sampah: Sampah:
Sampah Sampah Sampah Sampah Sampah p Sampah Sampah
Alam Manusia Konsumsi Nuklir Industri Pertambangan Perkotaan
Komposisi Sampah (Perkotaan Perkotaan))
Permukiman (54 %) Pasar ((7 %)) Pusat Perdagangan (5 %) Perkantoran ((3 %)) Jalanan Kota (5 %) Industri ((23 %)) Fasum/Fasos (1 %) Lain--lain ((2 %)) Lain
KOMPOSISI SAMPAH:
Organik ( 63 % ) Kertas ( 10 % ) Tekstil ( 2 % ) Plastik/Karet ( 9 % ) Pecah Belah ( 2 % ) Logam ( 1 % ) Lain--lain (12 % ) Lain
Sistem Pewadahan: Pewadahan: Pewadahan Terpisah (di sumber vs di pembuangan)) pembuangan 2. Pewadahan Tidak Terpisah (di sumber pembuangan) pembuangan g ) vs di p 1.
Pewadahan Terpisah di Sumber:: Sumber 1. 2. 3. 4.
Tempat T tS Sampah h (Hij (Hijau, Kuning,Merah) K i M h) Bak Sampah (Organik, Anorganik) Container ( 1 m3, 6 m3, 10 m3) Tempat p Sampah p lain
Pewadahan Terpisah di Pembuangan:: Pembuangan 1.
2.
Tempat Pembuangan b Sampah h Sementara (TPS) ( ) Terpisah T Tempat tP Pembuangan b S Sampah h Akhi Akhir (TPA) Terpisah
Wadah Terpisah Terpisah:: 1.
2.
Organic Disposal (Food wastes, wastes Paper, Paper Cardbords, Plastics, Textiles, Rubber, Leather, Yard Wastes, Wood, etc): Degradable Inorganic Disposal (Glass, Tin Cans, Aluminium, Other Metal, Dirt, Ash, etc): Undegradable
Si t Sistem P Pembuangan: Pembuangan b : 1. 2. 3 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.
OPEN DUMPS SANITARY LANDFILL INCINERATION ON--SITE DISPOSAL ON PIG FEEDING COMPOSTING RESOURCES RECOVERY SYSTEMS
RESOURCES RECOVERY SYSTEMS :
1. 2. 3.
Traditional ‘Rag‘Rag-Picking’ S l i Waste Selective W Collections C ll i Systems S Resouces Recovery Plants (Magnetic Separator)
Waste Collecting: Collecting
1. 2. 3. 4.
Individual Masyarakat (Community) P i t /S Private/Swasta t Pemerintah (Dinas Persampahan)
W Waste Transportation: T i
1. 2. 3. 4. 5 5. 6.
Angkut Sendiri Gerobak Dorong R d Tiga Roda Ti Truk Sampah Kontainer Sampah Kombinasi Truk vs Kontainer
Transportation Guideline: 1. 2. 3 3. 4. 5. 6.
7.
8 8.
9. 10.
Point P i t&F Frequency off C Collection ll ti mustt b be identified id tifi d Crew Size & Vehicle Types must be coordinated Routes should be laid out Begin & End Near Arterial Streets Topographical & Physical Barriers as Route Boundaries In Hilly Area (Routes should start at the top of grade & proceed downhill) The last container on the route is located nearest to the disposal site Traffic--congested locations should be collected as early as Traffic possible. Large quantity should be serviced the first part Scattered point should be serviced during one trip
Lokasi TPA/TPS: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11.
TGL: Jauh dari Pemukiman Akses: Terjangkau Prasarana Transportasi Fisik: Mempunyai Bufferzone W kt JJangka Waktu: k Panjang P j Permukaan Air Tanah: DALAM Kualitas Air Tanah: RENDAH Visual: Tidak Sensitip (Tertutup pandang) Lokasi: Jauh dari Batas Kota Geologi: Bukan Resapan Biologis: Tidak mengganggu Spesies Budaya: Tidak Daerah Bersejarah
S l i Persampahan Solusi P Persampahan: h :
1. 2. 3. 4. 5 5. 6.
Reduksi Kemasan yang tidak perlu Produk tahan lama (tidak membuang) P d k Daur Produk D Ul Ulang (Recicling (R i li product) d t) Menggunakan Sedikit Sumber Daya Tingkatkan Material Daur Ulang Zero Waste production
Referensi: R f Referensi i:
1.
Sara,Martin: Standard Handbook for Solid and Hazardous Waste: Facility Assessment. Lewis Publishers Boca Raton: 1994 Publishers. 1994.
