International Technical Conference on Practical Aspects of Deep Radioactive Waste Disposal Opening p g Session - Paper p N°01 Radioactive Waste Management in the Czech Republic Vitezslav Duda (RAWRA)
Nuclear sites in the Czech Republic p Richard Bratrství
Řež
Praha Dolní D l í Rožínka Temelín Dukovany
NPP in operation Research Reactor Uranium mine Repository SF Storage
RWM Legal Framework •
Act No. 18/1997 Coll, on Peaceful Utilisation of Nuclear Energy and d IIonising i i R Radiation di ti (th (the At Atomic i A Act) Act), t), (implements IAEA standards and relevant EU directives)
• •
• Decree No. 307/2002 Coll., on radiation protection (the decree also includes requirements for safe radioactive waste management; • Decree No. 215/1997 Coll., on criteria for siting of nuclear l iinstallations t ll ti and d very significant i ifi t sources off ionizing radiation, • …and others Policy for Radioactive Waste Management and Spent Fuel Management (approved by the Czech government on 15 May 2002,, resolution 2002 resolution No. 487), Joint Convention on Safety in Spent Fuel Management and Safety in Radioactive Waste Management
Ref. : www.sujb.cz, www.surao.cz
RWM Organisational g Principles p •
Waste producers are responsible for safe management
•
RAWRA is responsible for disposal – Nuclear account established to collect financial means for disposal
•
NPP operator t iis responsible ibl ffor NPP d decommissioning i i i and d processing of RW before its final disposal – NPP operators t shall h ll create t fi financial i l provisions i i tto cover expenses of the future NPP decommissioning
•
Import of RW is forbidden
LLW / ILW Management • Amount - 41400 m3 until 2100 • Collection Collection,, sorting, sorting, treatment, treatment, conditioning, conditioning, transport, storage - RW generators • RW disposal - RAWRA • repositories Dukovany, Richard, Bratrství
Ref. : www.surao.cz
LLW / ILW Disposal RW Repository Dukovanyy – Disposal of LLW/ILW from NPPs – Capacity 55 000 m3 – Operation until 2100
LLW / ILW Disposal RW Repository Dukovany – 12 out of 112 112 vaults filled with waste – In 2007 update A of safety assessment – All limits and B conditions for safe C operation fulfilled D
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28
LLW / ILW Disposal RW Repository Richard – Disposal of LLW/ILW from institutions – Capacity 8 000 m3 – Operation until 2070
LLW / ILW Disposal RW Repository Richard – Hydraulic cage – Chambers p prepared p for disposal p – Almost 15 000 old drums relocated – Final closure of selected chambers (filled by concrete)
LLW / ILW Disposal RW Repository Bratrství
– Disposal of LLW/ILW with natural radionuclides – Capacity p y 1 200 m3 – Operation until 203 20 30
HLW / SNF Management Amount • HLW 3000 m3 • SNF - EDU – 1940 t (40 years operation) • SNF - ETE – 1790 t (40 years operation) Storage at sites of NPPs Dukovany Dukovany and Temelin Final disposal at DGR (operation from 2065) • Enough time for options (reprocessing, (reprocessing partitioning and transmutation) Ref. : www.rawra.cz
HLW / SNF Management g Storage at pools (ČEZ (ČEZ, a a. ss.)) – After removal of SF from reactor it is stored approx.. approx 5 years at pools
Ref. : www.cez.cz
HLW / SNF Management g CASTOR – 440/84 – Transport storage container – Capacity 84 fuel bundles – Weight of full container 116 t – ∅ 2,6 x 4,1 m
HLW / SNF Management g Storage of SF Dukovany (ČEZ (ČEZ, a a. ss.)) – Capacity 600 t – Additional storage 1340 t p completed – Similar storage for NPP Temelin Ref. : www.cez.cz
HLW / SNF Disposal p Deep p Geological g Repository (DGR) – Capacity p y min. 4000 t of SF – Operation from 2065
Siting g of a DGR Stages •
Stage 1 – Evaluation of the whole territory of the Czech Republic p ((study y of archive g geological g data), )
•
Stage 2 – Narrowing the area of sites (geological research works without drilling – geological research)
•
Stage 3 – Site characterization (geological works with drilling – geological survey) survey) DGR Siting program (1992 - 2015) 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014
Stage 1 Stage g 2 Stage 3
Siting g of a DGR Process •
IAEA Safety Guide Siting of Geological Disposal Facilities (SS. No. 111111-G- 4.1, IAEA 1994)
•
Project „Research of homogeneity of granitic rocks“ (Skopový (Skopový J., 1999)
•
Project „Evaluation of stability of certain areas of Czech massive“
•
RAWRA’s site selection requirements and criteria (SÚRAO ZAS01/HU)
Site selection process SELECTION OF THE SUITABLE HOST ROCK
1
1st and 2nd STEP OF SELECTION
Rumburk V Varnsdorf d f
Dì èín
unsuitable areas acc. 1st step
ÚSTÍ n/L N. Bor
Teplice Duchcov
Litvínov Most
LIBEREC
Jablonec n/N.
Chomutov
Turnov
Litomì øice
Kláštì rec Aš
Vrchlabí
Kadaò
Ostrov
Žatec
S k l Sokolov
Roudnice n/L n/L.
Louny
Trutnov Ml- Boleslav
KARLOVY VARY
Cheb
suitable host rocks acc. 2nd step - granitic rocks (granite, granodiorite, syenite) - high metamorphosed rocks (orthogneiss, (o og e ss, migmatite, g a e, g granulite) a u e) - sedimentary rocks (cretaceous calcareous claystone).
È es. Lípa
Bílina
Mì lník
Jièín
Dvùr Král.
Kralupy n/V. Slaný
Jaromì ø
Neratovice
Náchod N. Mì sto n/M.
Rakovník
Mar. Láznì
Kladno
PRAHA
HRADEC KRÁLOVÉ
Nymburk Podì brady
Tachov
Rychnov n/K. Beroun
PARDUBICE Kolín
PLZEÒ
K. Hora Chrudim È áslav
Rokycany
Vysoké Mýto
Jeseník
Ústí n/O. Šumperk È . Tøebová
Pøíbram
Bruntál
Benešov Vlašim
Zábøeh
Litomyšl
Hlinsko
Domažlice
Opava
Mor. Tøebová
Bohumín Orlová
Unièov
Svitavy Litovel
Kl Klatovy
Humpolec
Bystøice n/P.
Frýdek-Místek
Kopøivnice
Boskovice
JIHLAVA
Strakonice
Hranice
Prostì jov
Nový Jièín
Pøerov
Frenštát
V. Meziøíèí Val. Meziøíèí
Blansko Tøebíè
Kromì øíž
Vyškov
J. Hradec
Prachatice
È . Tì šín
OLOMOUC
Pelhøimov
Tábor
Písek
Havíøov
Šternberk
Žï ár n/S.
Sušice
Karviná
OSTRAVA
Havl. Brod
Tøinec Jablunkov
Rožnov
Holešov
BRNO
Vsetín Otrokovice
ZLÍN
È ESKÉ BUDÌ JOVICE Kyjov
Uh. Hradištì
È . Krumlov Veselí n/M.
Znojmo
Uh. Brod
Hodonín
Bøeclav
1 : 1 000 000
Site selection process SELECTION OF THE POTENTIAL SITES
2
SITES
Rumburk Varnsdorf
Dì èín
1 Lubenec 2 Pačejov nádraží 3 Božejovice 4 Pluhův Žďár 5 Rohozná-Růžená 6 Budišov
ÚSTÍ n/L N. Bor
Teplice Duchcov
Litvínov Most
LIBEREC
È es. Lípa
Bílina Jablonec n/N.
Chomutov
Aš
Turnov
Litomì øice
Kláštì rec
Žatec
Sokolov
Trutnov
Roudnice n/L.
Louny
Ml Boleslav Ml-
KARLOVY VARY
Cheb
Vrchlabí
Kadaò
Ostrov
Mì lník
Jièín
Dvùr Král.
Kralupy n/V. Slaný
Jaromì ø
Neratovice Rakovník
Mar. Láznì
Kladno
1
Tachov
8
PRAHA
11
Náchod N. Mì sto n/M.
HRADEC KRÁLOVÉ
Nymburk Podì brady
Rychnov n/K. Beroun
PARDUBICE
7
Kolín
PLZEÒ Ò
K. Hora Chrudim È áslav
Rokycany Pøíbram
Benešov
Vysoké Mýto
Jeseník
Ústí n/O. Šumperk È . Tøebová
10
Vlašim
Bruntál Zábøeh
Litomyšl
Hlinsko
Domažlice
Opava
Mor. Tøebová
Bohumín Orlová
Unièov
Svitavy Klatovy
3
2
Litovel Humpolec
Písek
Pelhøimov
JIHLAVA
Strakonice
Sušice
4 9
Borohrádek Teplá Zbytiny Opatovice Lodín-N.B.
6
Havíøov
Šternberk
Frýdek-Místek Frýdek Místek
5
È . Tì šín
OLOMOUC Kopøivnice
Boskovice Hranice
Prostì jov
Nový Jièín
Pøerov
Frenštát
V. Meziøíèí
Val. Meziøíèí
Blansko Tøebíè
Kromì øíž
Vyškov
J. Hradec
Prachatice
7 8 9 10 11
Bystøice n/P. n/P Žï ár n/S.
Tábor
Karviná
OSTRAVA
Havl. Brod
Tøinec Jablunkov
Rožnov
Holešov
BRNO
Vsetín Ot k i Otrokovice
ZLÍN
È ESKÉ BUDÌ JOVICE Kyjov
Uh. Hradištì
È . Krumlov Veselí n/M.
Znojmo
Uh. Brod
Hodonín
Bøeclav
1 : 1 000 000
Site selection process p 1 Lubenec 2 Pačejov nádraží 3 Božejovice 4 Pluhův Žďár 5 Rohozná-Růžená 6 Budišov 1
3 2 5 4
Selected sites for DGR – granitic rock
6
Site selection process
Site characterisation stage g Performed by: Association GEOBARIERA • Target: to decrease aerial extend of sites • Methods used: – helicopterhelicopter p -born g geophysical p y measurement; – remote sensing; – field fi ld reconnaissance i iincluding l di very low frequency (VLF) measurement – pre pre--feasibility study; and – (implementation of GIS)
Communication with public p Agreement with DGR in selected sites 0%
20%
Rohozná
7
1
73
24
Lodhéřov
100%
69
26
Budišov
80%
66
30
B ž j i Božejovice
NL
60%
27
Lubenec
Pačejov
40%
2
69
25
7
74
17
1
79
5
55
Yes
42
souhlasí
nesouhlasí
neví
4
No
Communication with public p • Integral part of RAWRA’s activities • Open O and d ttransparentt communication i ti strategy t t • Effort aimed at creating trust to the technical soundness of the siting process and safety of the repositories p • International experience (NEA - FSC, EU – RISCOM)
R & D activities • Based on Plan of R & D activities agreed with scientific supervisory board • Update of Reference design of DGR including safety case • Direct or indirect ((via subcontractors)) participation p p in many R & D projects including EC projects – – – –
NF PRO (near field) FUNMIG (far field) ESDRED (technology) PAMINA (safety assessment)
Technical projects - EC partners / countries
Instrument & EU / total cost
Launch date / duration
ACTINET: Network for Actinide Sciences
27 / 13
NoE €6.35M / €10.5M
1/3/04 4 years
ESDRED: Engineering Studies and Demonstrations of Repository Designs
13 / 9
IP €7.32M / €18.1M
1/2/04 5 years
NF-PRO: Near-field processes
40 / 10
IP €8M / €16.8M €16 8M
1/1/04 4 years
FUNMIG: Fundamental processes of radionuclide migration
51 / 15
IP €8M / €15M
1/1/05 4 years
PAMINA: PA Methodologies in Applications to Guide the Development of the Safety Case
25 / 10
IP €4M / €7.62M
1/10/06 3.2 years
Project
International te at o a coco-ope operation at o -EC C Sustainable Nuclear Energy Technology Platform (SNE-TP) www.snetp.eu Proposal of technology platform for DGR (project CARD)
European Nuclear Forum ….. Launched September 21th, 2007
Thank y you for yyour attention. attention. Questions ?
