RINGKASAN Anestrus postpartum atau keadaan tidak adanya berahi setelah sapi beranak yang berkepanjangan merupakan keadaan penyebab kerugian peternak sapi perah yang sangat serius, karena keadaan ini akan menunda pelaksanaan perkawinan sehingga selang beranak panjang, induk sapi tidak segera menghasilkan pedet maupun susu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk a). Mengidentifikasi pola kandungan GnRH jaringan otak sapi pada kondisi yang berbeda (sapi betina ovari berfolikel, ovari berkorpus luteum dan jantan), b). Mengukur konsentrasi GnRH jaringan otak sapi pada kondisi yang berbeda (sapi betina ovari berfolikel, ovari berkorpus luteum dan jantan), c). Mengetahui pengaruh berbagai level penggunaan ekstrak jaringan otak sapi (EJOS) terhadap tingkat munculnya berahi serta keberhasilan kebuntingan setelah Inseminasi Buatan (IB) pada sapi anestrus postpartum. Penelitian dilakukan di laboratorium biokimia dan wilayah kerja KUD Karangploso Kabupaten Malang. Materi yang digunakan adalah otak sapi pada kondisi berbeda dan 40 ekor sapi perah betina anestrus postpartum. Metode yang digunakan untuk identifikasi GnRH adalah SDS PAGE dan Western Blotting (WB), untuk mengetahui konsentrasi adalah ELISA dan untuk mengetahui level penggunaan ektrak EJOS adalah percobaan lapang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa profil protein pada kondisi sapi yang berbeda adalah berbeda. Hasil WB dengan antibody primer GnRH 2 menunjukkan bahwa 9 bagian jaringan otak sapi yang diteliti positif mengandung GnRH 2. Hasil ELISA menunjukkan bahwa pada semua kondisi sapi yang diamati konsentrasi GnRH tertinggi adalah pada bagian hypothalamus. Pada penelitian lapang digunakan sebanyak 40 ekor induk sapi perah anestrus potpartum (75-730 hari) pada paritas 1-7 dikelompokkan secara acak menjadi 4 kelompok dengan jumlah yang sama, masingmasing 10 ekor induk sapi. Perlakuan yang dicobakan adalah level pemberian ekstrak hypothalamus (EH): 0, 10, 20 dan 30 ml per ekor induk sapi. Jumlah ulangan 10 ekor. Penyuntikan EH dilakukan satu kali secara intramuscular. Tanda-tanda berahi sapi diamati secara intensif mulai 24 jam setelah penyuntikan EH. Sapi-sapi yang menunjukkan tanda-tanda berahi dilakukan Inseminasi Buatan (IB) dengan menggunakan prosedur standar. Hasil penelitian lapang menunjukkan bahwa jumlah sapi yang menunjukkan berahi pada level pemberian EH 0, 10, 20 dan 30 ml/ekor EH, masingmasing adalah 50%, 60%, 50% dan 30%. S/C = 1. Tingkat kebuntingan berdasarkan NRR 21, 42 dan 63 = 100%. Disimpulkan bahwa:1). Pada semua bagian otak yang diamati (pada semua kondisi) positif mengandung GnRH, 2) Konsentrasi GnRH tertinggi pada semua kondisi sapi adalah pada bagian hypothalamus, 3). Pemberian EH mampu menginduksi munculnya berahi sapi perah anestrus postpartum. Disarankan untuk melakukan penelitian lebih lanjut dengan menggunakan EH secara parallel dengan jumlah yang lebih sedikit. Kata kunci: sapi perah, anestrus postpartum, EJOS, GnRH
SUMMARY The long period of anestrus post partum is a crucial problem affecting economic loss in dairy farm. Those long period prolong the calving interval and however, decrease the efficiency of reproduction and milk production per dam per year. Some hormones like progesterone, GnRH, prostaglandin F-2 alpha have been successfully used for minimizing those problems. However, those gonadotropins are very expensive for Indonesian condition. There, an alternative solution should be studied. Bovine brain contains GnRH. This study was conducted to identify GnRH in several part of bovine brain and to applicate bovine brain extract for shortening the calving interval in anestrus post partum dairy cows. The research have been done at Biochemistry laboratory and KUD Karangploso Malang Regency as field trials. The material that be used were bovine brain (from female in follicular and luteal phase and male) and fourty anestrus more than 45 days post partum dairy cows selected from herds owned by farmers have been divided into 4 groups in the same number of each. To identify GnRH peptide be used SDSPAGE, Western Blotting and ELISA Indirect.The result showed that profile protein of several parts of bovine brain with different condition were different. Nine parts of the bovine brain contains GnRH II. By ELISA all condition of bovine Hypothalamus contains the highest level of GnRH. From field trials showed that the onset of estrus occurred between 1 to 61 days after bovine brain injection. The cows showing estrus were 50%, 60%, 50% and 30%; S/C = 1, 1, 1 and 1; pregnancy rate based to NRR 21, 42 and 63 were 100%, 100%, 100% and 100% in control (0 ml), 10 ml, 20 ml and 30 ml hypothalamus bovine extract injection groups, respectively. In conclusion, the use of hypothalamus bovine brain extract could improve the reproductive performances of anestrus post partum cows. Key words: dairy cows, anestrus postpartum, hypothalamus bovine extract, GnRH
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