Podpora přírodovědného a technického vzdělávání v Moravskoslezském kraji

Název projektu:

Podpora přírodovědného a technického vzdělávání v Moravskoslezském kraji

Číslo projektu:

CZ.1.07/1.1.00/44.0008

Název výstupu:

Výukový materiál

Účel:

Výuka metodou CLIL

Předmět:

Fyzika

Cílová skupina:

2. ročník oboru Letecký mechanik

Jazyková úroveň: A2–B1

Autor:

Mgr. Kamila Weintrittová

Seznam témat 1.

Electrically Charged Object ....................................................................... 6

2.

Electric Charge ........................................................................................ 10

3.

Conductors and Insulators ...................................................................... 13

4.

Coulomb´s Law........................................................................................ 17

5.

Electric Field Intensity ............................................................................. 21

6.

Electric Potential ..................................................................................... 25

7.

Capacitor................................................................................................. 29

8.

Voltage.................................................................................................... 34

9.

Electric Current ....................................................................................... 39

10.

Electric Circuit ......................................................................................... 43

11.

Resistance ............................................................................................... 47

12.

Ohm´s Law .............................................................................................. 52

13.

Resistors ................................................................................................. 57

14.

Electrical Work ........................................................................................ 62

15.

Electric Power ......................................................................................... 67

16.

Magnetic Field ........................................................................................ 71

17.

Electromagnetic Induction ...................................................................... 76

18.

Alternating Current ................................................................................. 79

19.

AC Circuits ............................................................................................... 84

20.

AC Circuit Capacity .................................................................................. 89

21.

Three-Phase System ................................................................................ 93

22.

Generators .............................................................................................. 98

23.

Electric Motors...................................................................................... 102

24.

Transformers ........................................................................................ 107

25.

Generating Electricity............................................................................ 111

26.

Safety Rules .......................................................................................... 116

27.

Oscillation ............................................................................................. 120

28.

Oscillation Properties ............................................................................ 124

29.

Pendulum.............................................................................................. 128

30.

Mechanical Waves ................................................................................ 132

31.

Interference .......................................................................................... 137

32.

Review .................................................................................................. 141

33.

Origin and Source of Sound................................................................... 144

34.

Sound Propagation................................................................................ 148

35.

Acoustics ............................................................................................... 152

36.

Practical Use of Acoustics...................................................................... 156

37.

Hearing ................................................................................................. 160

38.

Protection against Harmful effects of Noise .......................................... 164

39.

Summary ............................................................................................... 168

40.

Review .................................................................................................. 172

41.

Light ...................................................................................................... 176

42.

Types of EM Radiation .......................................................................... 179

43.

Reflection of Light ................................................................................. 183

44.

Refraction of Light................................................................................. 187

45.

White Light Dispersion .......................................................................... 191

46.

Interference of light .............................................................................. 196

47.

Mirrors .................................................................................................. 200

48.

Types of Mirrors .................................................................................... 204

49.

Image Formation for Concave Mirror .................................................... 208

50.

Image Formation for Convex Mirror...................................................... 212

51.

Mirror Equation .................................................................................... 216

52.

Lenses ................................................................................................... 220

53.

Types of Lenses ..................................................................................... 224

54.

Convex Lens Image Formation .............................................................. 228

55.

Concave Lens Image Formation ............................................................ 232

56.

Lens Dioptric Power .............................................................................. 236

57.

Lenses Aberrations................................................................................ 240

58.

Eye ........................................................................................................ 244

59.

Eye Defects ........................................................................................... 248

60.

Optical Instruments .............................................................................. 252

61.

Binoculars ............................................................................................. 256

62.

Photometry ........................................................................................... 260

63.

Illumination and Hygiene ...................................................................... 264

64.

Review .................................................................................................. 268

Název projektu:


Číslo projektu:

CZ.1.07/1.1.00/44.0008

Téma:

Electrically Charged Object

Účel:

materiál pro výuku metodou CLIL

Předmět:

Fyzika

Cílová skupina:


Jazyková úroveň: A2-B1 Časová dotace:

část vyučovací hodiny

Cíle aktivity: obsahový –

Opakování učiva

jazykový –

Activating prior knowledge

Pomůcky:

PC, dataprojektor, interaktivní tabule

WORKSHEET NO. 1

YEAR: 2.


1.

SUBJECT: Physics


TASK 1: Check your knowledge. Try a simple quiz: 1. An electrically charged object attracts not charged objects. 2. An electrically charged object repels not charged objects. 3. An electrically charged object can either attract or repel a not charged object. 4. An electrically charged object always attracts charged objects. 5. An electrically charged object can either attract or repel charged objects. 6. An electrically charged object has to touch an object to have an interaction. 7. An aurora produces its own electrical currents1

Obrázek 1/ Aurora

2

1

What are the characteristics of electrically charged objects? 2014. Cliff´s Notes [online]. [cit. 2015-05-08]. Dostupné z: http://www.cliffsnotes.com/cliffsnotes/sciences/what-are-the-characteristics-of-electrically-chargedobjects 2

Aurora. 2005. Https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Aurora#/media/File:Polarlicht_2.jpg[online]. [cit. 2015-05-08]. Dostupné z: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Aurora#/media/File:Polarlicht_2.jpg

SOLUTION: 1T, 2F, 3T, 4F, 5T, 6T, 7T An aurora is caused by interactions between charged particles in solar winds and atoms in the Earth's ionosphere, and shaped by the Earth's magnetic field.

Dictionary English

Pronunciation

Czech

Always

ˈɔːlweɪz

vždy

Attract

əˈtrækt

přitahovat

Aurora

ɔːˈrɔːrə

polární záře

Charge

tʃɑːdʒ

nabít

Check

tʃek

(pr)ověřit

Earth

ɜːθ

Země

Either ... or

ˈaɪðə/ ˈiːðə … ɔː

buď ... nebo

Electrical current

ɪˈlektrɪkəl ˈkʌrənt

elektrický proud

Interaction

ˌɪntərˈækʃən

vzájemné působení

Ionosphere

ʌɪˈɒnəsfɪə

ionosféra

Knowledge

ˈnɒlɪdʒ

vědomosti, znalosti

Magnetic field

mægˈnetɪk ˈfiːld

magnetické pole

Object

ˈɒbdʒɪkt

předmět, věc

Produce

prəˈdjuːs

vyrobit

Repel

rɪˈpel

odpuzovat

Shape

ʃeɪp

tvarovat, formovat

Touch

tʌtʃ

dotknout se

Try

traɪ

zkusit, vyzkoušet

Název projektu:


Číslo projektu:

CZ.1.07/1.1.00/44.0008

Téma:

Electric Charge

Účel:


Předmět:

Fyzika

Cílová skupina:





Shrnutí poznatků, opakování základních pojmů

jazykový –

Description of an Object

Pomůcky:


WORKSHEET NO. 2

YEAR: 2

Electric Charge

2.

SUBJECT: Physics

Electric Charge

TASK 1: Fill in the missing words: Electric charge is represented by the letter …….. Its unit is the coulomb [C], but this large unit is not normally used, so its fractions (like micro- coulombs) are more common. 1. The sum of identical positive and negative quantities is………… 2. In any isolated system the net charge remains………………………. 3. Two …………… charges repel3

TASK 2: Describe the parts of atom and match charge symbols to each part:

Obrázek 2 Atom structure

3

4

Electric charge. Physics.sjsu.edu [online]. 2009 [cit. 2015-05-04]. Dostupné z:http://www.physics.sjsu.edu/becker/physics51/elec_charge.htm 4 Atom_clipart_violet.svg. Commons wikimedia.org [online]. 2010 [cit. 2015-05-04]. Dostupné z: https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?search=atom+structure&title=Special%3ASearch&go=Go &uselang=cs

Dictionary English

Pronunciation

Czech

Common

ˈkɒmən

běžný, obvyklý

Coulomb

ˈkuːlɒm

Electric charge

ɪˈlektrɪk ˈtʃɑːdʒ

coulomb (jednotka el.náboje) elektrický náboj

Fill in

fɪl ɪn

vyplnit

Fraction

ˈfrækʃən

podíl, zlomek

Letter

ˈletə

písmeno

Like

laɪk

jako

Missing

ˈmɪsɪŋ

chybějící

Remain

rɪˈmeɪn

zůstat, setrvat

Represent

ˌreprɪˈzent

vyjadřovat

Sum

sʌm

součet

Unit

ˈjuːnɪt

jednotka

Use

juːz

použít, používat

Word

wɜːd

slovo

Název projektu:


Číslo projektu:

CZ.1.07/1.1.00/44.0008

Téma:

Conductors and Insulators

Účel:


Předmět:

Fyzika

Cílová skupina:





Vodivé vlastnosti různých materiálů

jazykový –

Instructions

Pomůcky:


WORKSHEET NO. 3

YEAR: 2.


3.

SUBJECT: Physics


Carry a simple experiment to distinguish conductors and insulators.

TASK 1: Making a Conductor/Insulator Tester 1. Fold a strip of aluminium foil lengthwise until it is no more than a 1, 5 cm wide. 2. Wrap one end of the foil strip around the base of the bulb and hold them together with a wooden clothespin. 3. Use some tape to fasten the other end of the battery. 4. If your bulb does not light, try to make changes so that it will. Conductor/Insulator Test  Prepare several different objects to test whether they conduct electricity or act as an insulator.  Guess which ones will be conductors and which ones will be insulators.  Test each of the items using the tester you made. Compare your results with your predictions.5

5

Conductors and Insulators. 2005. HyperPhysics Conpcepts [online]. [cit. 2015-05-09]. Dostupné z: http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/electric/conins.html

TASK 2: Divide following materials into two categories: iron, paper, wood, copper, rubber, pencil lead, cotton, plastic, glass, gold, aluminium, cardboard, dirty water, slate, wool, concrete CONDUCTORS

INSULATORS

Dictionary English

Pronunciation

Czech

Aluminium foil

ˌæljʊˈmɪnɪəm ˈfɔɪl

hliníková fólie

Bulb

bʌlb

žárovka

Cardboard

ˈkɑːdˌbɔːd

lepenka

Carry an experiment

ˈkærɪ æn ɪkˈsperɪmənt

dělat pokus

Clothespin

ˈkləʊðzˌpɪn

kolíček na prádlo

Compare

kəmˈpeə

porovnat

Concrete

ˈkɒnkriːt

beton

Conduct

ˈkɒndʌkt

vést, vodit

Conductor

kənˈdʌktə

vodič

Copper

ˈkɒpə

měď

Distinguish

dɪˈstɪŋgwɪʃ

odlišit

Divide

dɪˈvaɪd

(roz)dělit

Electricity

ɪlekˈtrɪsɪtɪ

elektřina

Fold

fəʊld

přeložit

Guess

ges

odhadnout, hádat

Insulator

ˈɪnsjʊˌleɪtə

izolátor, nevodič

Item

ˈaɪtəm

věc, předmět

Lengthwise

ˈleŋθˌwaɪz

podélně

Pencil lead

ˈpensəl ˈliːd

tuha tužky

Prediction

prɪˈdɪkʃən

předpověď

Prepare

prɪˈpeə

připravit

Slate

sleɪt

břidlice

Strip

strɪp

pruh

Tape

teɪp

páska

Wrap

ræp

zabalit, omotat

Název projektu:


Číslo projektu:

CZ.1.07/1.1.00/44.0008

Téma:

Coulomb´s Law

Účel:


Předmět:

Fyzika

Cílová skupina:





Zobecnění a vysvětlení fyzikálního zákona

jazykový –

Using specific vocabulary, drilling pronunciation

Pomůcky:


WORKSHEET NO. 4

YEAR: 2.

Coulomb´s Law

4.

SUBJECT: Physics

Coulomb´s Law

 describes and measures the electrostatic interaction between electrically charged particles  the electrical force between two objects is proportional to the magnitude of each charge and inversely proportional to square of the separation between their centres  its formula is usually written in this form: 𝑭=𝒌

𝒒𝟏 𝒒𝟐 𝒓𝟐

TASK 1: What does each letter from formula above stand for?

TASK 2: The formula for Coulomb´s law is very similar to another physical law. Can you find out to which one?

TASK 3 Explain the connection between the resulting force and a) the amount of charge, b) the distance of the particle6 SOLUTION: 6

Coulomb´s Law - The law of force. 1999. RegentsPrep.org [online]. [cit. 2015-05-08]. Dostupné z: http://www.regentsprep.org/regents/physics/phys03/acoulomb/default.htm

TASK 1: q – quantity of charge, r – distance between two objects, k – Coulomb´s law constant, F – force

TASK 2: It´s similar to Newton´s law

TASK 3: Students´ own answers

Dictionary English

Pronunciation

Czech

Constant

ˈkɒnstənt

konstanta

Coulomb’s Law

ˈkuːlɒmz ˈlɔː

Coulombův zákon

Describe

dɪˈskraɪb

popsat

Distance

ˈdɪstəns

vzdálenost

Electrical force

ɪˈlektrɪkəl fɔːs

elektrická síla

Electrically charged particles

ɪˈlektrɪkəlɪ ˈtʃɑːdʒd ˈpɑːtɪkəls

elektricky nabité částice

Electrostatic

ɪˌlɛktrəˈstatɪk

elektrostatický

Formula

ˈfɔːmjʊlə

vzorec

Charge

tʃɑːdʒ

náboj

Inversely

ɪnˈvɜːslɪ

nepřímo

Magnitude

ˈmægnɪˌtjuːd

velikost

Measure

ˈmeʒə

měřit

Object

ˈɒbdʒɪkt

předmět

Particle

ˈpɑːtɪkəl

částice

Physical law

ˈfɪzɪkəl ˈlɔː

fyzikální zákon

Proportional

prəˈpɔːʃənəl

úměrný

Summary

ˈsʌmərɪ

shrnutí

Název projektu:


Číslo projektu:

CZ.1.07/1.1.00/44.0008

Téma:

Electric Field Intensity

Účel:


Předmět:

Fyzika

Cílová skupina:





Působení sil v elektrickém poli

jazykový –

Applying prior knowledge to analyse the findings

Pomůcky:


WORKSHEET NO. 5

YEAR: 2.


5.

SUBJECT: Physics


All charged objects create an electric field that extends outward into the space that surrounds it. The charge alters that space, causing any other charged object that enters the space to be affected by this field. 7

TASK 1: Try a simple experiment: 1. Hold a charged plastic tube above bits of paper on a lab bench. 2. Don´t allow a physical contact between the tube and the paper bits. 3. Observe what will happen. 4. Analyse your findings. 5. Give other examples of the action-at-the-distance forces.

TASK 2:  How the strength of EF can be measured?  Give the formula for calculation and the units  Is it a vector or scalar quantity? SOLUTION: 7

Electric Field Intensity. The Physics Clasroom [online]. 2015 [cit. 2015-05-31]. Dostupné z: http://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/estatics/Lesson-4/Electric-Field-Intensity

TASK 1: Ss´ own findings

TASK 2: EF intensity is a force on a unit positive change placed at that point in the field, its formula is: E= F/(q ), the unit is N/C, it is used to measure the strength of EF, it is a vector quantity.

Dictionary English

Pronunciation

Czech

Affect

əˈfekt

ovlivnit

Allow

əˈlaʊ

dovolit

Alter

ˈɔːltə

pozměnit

Analyse (AmE analyze)

ˈænəˌlaɪz

analyzovat, rozebrat

Calculation

ˌkælkjʊˈleɪʃən

výpočet

Electric field intensity

ɪˈlektrɪk ˈfiːld ɪnˈtensɪtɪ

intenzita el. pole

Extend

ɪkˈstend

zasahovat, sahat

Findings

ˈfaɪndɪŋz

zjištění, nález(y)

Lab (laboratory)

Læb (ləˈbɒrətərɪ /trɪ)

laboratoř

Measure

ˈmeʒə

měřit

Observe

əbˈzɜːv

pozorovat, všimnout si

Outwards

ˈaʊtwədz

(směrem) ven

Scalar quantity

ˈskeɪlə ˈkwɒntɪtɪ

skalární (fyzikální) veličina

Space

speɪs

prostor

Strength

streŋθ

síla

Surround

səˈraʊnd

obklopovat

Tube

tjuːb

trubka, trubička

Vector quantity

ˈvektə ˈkwɒntɪtɪ

vektorová (fyzikální) veličina

Název projektu:


Číslo projektu:

CZ.1.07/1.1.00/44.0008

Téma:

Electric Potential

Účel:


Předmět:

Fyzika

Cílová skupina:





Shrnutí a procvičení učiva

jazykový –

Revision of basic terms, units, symbols

Pomůcky:


WORKSHEET NO. 6

YEAR: 2.

Electric Potential

6.

SUBJECT: Physics

Electric Potential

The work required to transfer a unit positive electric charge from an infinite distance to a given point against an electric field.

TASK 1: Fill in the missing words:  its unit is .....................  its symbol is.......................  it is described by the formula............................

TASK 2: Decide if the statements are true or false: 1. Electric potential is also called electrical potential energy. 2. Electrical potential energy does not change depending on the amount of charge. 3. Electron volt is not a smaller unit for volts. 4. Voltage expresses the electric potential difference between two points. 5. It may represent lost or stored energy. 8

8

Electrical Energy and Electric Potential. 1999. Regentsprep.org [online]. [cit. 2015-05-09]. Dostupné z: http://regentsprep.org/Regents/physics/phys03/apotdif/

SOLUTION:

TASK 2: 1F, 2F, 3T, 4T, 5T

Dictionary English

Pronunciation

Czech

Against

əˈgeɪnst / əˈgenst

na, proti

Amount

əˈmaʊnt

množství

Decide

dɪˈsaɪd

rozhodnout

Depend on

dɪˈpend ˈɒn

záviset na, záležet na

Difference

ˈdɪfərəns / ˈdɪfrəns

rozdíl

Electric potential

ɪˈlektrɪk pəˈtenʃəl

el. potenciál

Electron volt (electronvolt) ɪˈlektrɒnvəʊlt

elektronvolt

Express

ɪkˈspres

vyjádřit

Infinite

ˈɪnfɪnɪt

nekonečný

Point

pɔɪnt

bod, místo

Represent

ˌreprɪˈzent

představovat

Require

rɪˈkwaɪə

vyžadovat

Statement

ˈsteɪtmənt

výrok

Transfer

trænsˈfɜː

převést

Unit

ˈjuːnɪt

jednotka

Voltage

ˈvəʊltɪdʒ

napětí

Název projektu:


Číslo projektu:

CZ.1.07/1.1.00/44.0008

Téma:

Capacitor

Účel:


Předmět:

Fyzika

Cílová skupina:





Kondenzátory a jejich použití

jazykový –

Reading – filling in, matching

Pomůcky:


YEAR: 2.

WORKSHEET NO. 7

Capacitor

7.

SUBJECT: Physics

Capacitor

Capacitor is a passive two-terminal electrical component used to store energy in an electric field. The forms of practical capacitors vary widely, but all contain at least two electrical conductors (plates) separated by a dielectric (i.e. insulator).

TASK 1: Complete the text An ideal capacitor is characterized by a constant capacitance 1)......, defined as the ratio of 2).......... on each conductor to the 3)........... between them. The SI unit of capacitance is the 4)……….. which is equal to one 5)............ per 6).......... . Its formula is............... 9

TASK 2: Can you explain how capacitors work?

9

An Introduction to Capacitors. 2006.Http://www.facstaff.bucknell.edu/mastascu/elessonshtml/LC/Capac1.htm [online]. [cit. 2015-05-09]. Dostupné z: http://www.facstaff.bucknell.edu/mastascu/elessonshtml/LC/Capac1.htm

TASK 3: Here are some types of capacitors, match them to the way they are used for: 1. Air 2.

Mylar

3.

Glass

4.

Ceramic

5.

Super capacitor

a)

Used for timer circuits (clocks, alarms)

b)

To power electric cars.

c)

Used for high voltage applications.

d)

Used in radio tuning circuits

e)

For high frequency purposes (antennas, X-ray)10

10

How Capacitors work. 2015. Howstuffworks [online]. [cit. 2015-05-09]. Dostupné z: http://electronics.howstuffworks.com/capacitor.htm

SOLUTION:

TASK 1: 1) C, 2) charge, 3) voltage, 4) farad, 5) coulomb, 6) volt, 7) C = dQ/dV

TASK 3:  Air - Often used in radio tuning circuits  Mylar - Most commonly used for timer circuits like clocks, alarms and counters  Glass - Good for high voltage applications  Ceramic - Used for high frequency purposes like antennas, X-ray and MRI machines  Super capacitor - Powers electric and hybrid cars

Dictionary English

Pronunciation

Czech

Capacitance

kəˈpasɪt(ə)ns

kapacitní odpor

Circuit

ˈsɜːkɪt

obvod

Component

kəmˈpəʊnənt

součástka

Condenser/ capacitor

kənˈdensə/ kəˈpæsɪtə

kondenzátor

Contain

kənˈteɪn

obsahovat

Dielectric

ˌdʌɪɪˈlektrɪk

nevodič

Equal

ˈiːkwəl

stejný, rovný, rovnající se

High voltage

ˈhaɪ ˈvəʊltɪdʒ

vysoké napětí

Insulator

ˈɪnsjʊˌleɪtə

izolátor

Mylar

ˈmʌɪlɑː

mylar

Power

ˈpaʊə

pohánět, napájet

Ratio

ˈreɪʃɪˌəʊ

podíl

Separate

ˈsepəˌreɪt

oddělit

SI unit

esˈʌɪ ˈjuːnɪt

jednotka si soustavy

Store

stɔː

skladovat, uchovat

Two-terminal

tuːˈtɜːmɪnəl

se dvěma koncovkami

Vary

ˈveərɪ

lišit se, různit se

Widely

ˈwaɪdlɪ

velmi, široce

Název projektu:


Číslo projektu:

CZ.1.07/1.1.00/44.0008

Téma:

Voltage

Účel:


Předmět:

Fyzika

Cílová skupina:





Vysoké napětí, ochrana proti zásahu el. proudem

jazykový –

Looking information up in a data source

Pomůcky:


YEAR: 2.

WORKSHEET NO. 8

Voltage

8.

SUBJECT: Physics

Voltage

TASK 1: Complete the text: Voltage is the electric potential 1)............. between two points, or the difference in electric 2)............. energy of a 3)................ transported between two points. Do you know what the typical voltages for some devices are?     

flashlight batteries 4)......... volts (DC) automobile batteries 5)......... volts (DC) voltage supplied to consumers 6).................. volts (AC) electric power transmission lines 7)................... kV (AC) overhead lines 8).....………………...................... kV (AC).

TASK 2: Answer the questions: 1. What other terms do we use instead of voltage? 2. What instruments do we use to measure voltage? 3. Does the electric potential mean the same as electric potential energy? 4. What warning signs are used for high voltage hazard? 11

11

Voltage. 2015. Wikipedia, the free encyklopedia [online]. [cit. 2015-05-09]. Dostupné z: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voltage

TASK 3: Go to http://www.healthy.net/Health/Article/First_Aid_for_Electric_Shock/ 1490 Find out:  What are the causes and symptoms of electric shock?  What is the First aid for electric shock?  How can you avoid being harmed by lightning?12

12

Emergency&First Aid:Electric shock. 2005. Healthy.net [online]. [cit. 2015-05-09]. Dostupné z: http://www.healthy.net/Health/Article/First_Aid_for_Electric_Shock/1490

SOLUTION:

TASK 1: 1) difference, 2) potential, 3) unit charge, 4) 1,5V, 5) 12V, 6) 110 120V, 220-240V, 7) 110-1200kV, 8) 12-50kV

TASK 2: 1. electrical potential difference, electrical tension or electrical pressure 2. voltmeter, potentiometer, oscilloscope 3. NO

Dictionary English

Pronunciation

Czech

AC (alternating current)

eɪˈsiː (ˈɔːltəneɪtɪŋ ˈkʌrənt)

střídavý proud

Avoid

əˈvɔɪd

předejít

Consumer

kənˈsjuːmə

spotřebitel

DC (direct current)

ˌdiːˈsiː (daɪˈrekt ˈkʌrənt)

stejnosměrný proud

Device

dɪˈvaɪs

přístroj, zařízení, součástka

Electric shock

ɪˈlektrɪk ˈʃɒk

rána proudem

Electrical tension/ pressure

ɪˈlektrɪkəl ˈtenʃən/ ˈpreʃə

el. napětí

First aid

ˌfɜːst ˈeɪd

první pomoc

Flashlight (BrE torch)

ˈflæʃˌlaɪt (tɔːtʃ)

baterka, kapesní svítilna

Harmed

hɑːmd

poškozený, zraněný

Hazard

ˈhæzəd

nebezpečí, riziko

Instrument

ˈɪnstrəmənt

přístroj

Lightning

ˈlaɪtnɪŋ

blesk(y)

Oscilloscope

əˈsɪləskəʊp

osciloskop

Overhead lines

ˈəʊvəˌhed ˈlaɪnz

trolejové vedení

Potentiometer

pə(ʊ)ˌtenʃɪˈɒmɪtə

potenciometr

Power transmission line

ˈpaʊə trænzˈmɪʃən ˈlaɪn

elektrovod

Supplied

səˈplaɪd

dodávaný

Transported

ˈtrænsˌpɔːtɪd

dopravený, přepravený

Voltmeter

ˈvəʊltmiːtə

voltmetr

Warning sign

ˈwɔːnɪŋ ˈsaɪn

výstražná značka, varovná cedule

Název projektu:


Číslo projektu:

CZ.1.07/1.1.00/44.0008

Téma:

Electric Current

Účel:


Předmět:

Fyzika

Cílová skupina:





Shrnutí a opakování učiva

jazykový –

Plural expressions with singular verbs in calculations

Pomůcky:


WORKSHEET NO. 9

YEAR: 2.

SUBJECT: Physics

Electric Current

9.

Electric Current

TASK 1: Check your understanding: 1. What is the current in a 60.0 Ω resistor when the potential difference across it is 120.0 V? 2. A lightbulb with a resistance of 10.0 Ω allows a 1.20 A current to flow when connected to a battery. What is the voltage of the battery?13

TASK 2:  What does this symbol stand for?  What do we use this device for? Explain how it works.

Obrázek 3/Electric Circuit Symbol

14

13

Physical Science/ Exercises. Online Learning Center [online]. 2002 [cit. 2015-05-30]. Dostupné z: http://highered.mheducation.com/sites/0072414944/student_view0/chapter7/exercises.html# 14

Ammeter.png. 2009. Category:Ammeter symbols [online]. [cit. 2015-05-09]. Dostupné z: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Ammeter_symbols

SOLUTION:

TASK 1: 1) 2.0 A, 2) 12.0 V

TASK 2: 1) ammeter, it´s used to measure el. current in a circuit

Dictionary English

Pronunciation

Czech

Ammeter

ˈamɪtə

ampérmetr

Connected

kəˈnektɪd

napojený, spojený

Flow

fləʊ

proudit, téct

Lightbulb

ˈlɑɪtˌbʌlb

žárovka

Resistance

rɪˈzɪstəns

odpor

Resistor

rɪˈzɪstə

rezistor

Stand for (pt&pp stood)

ˈstænd ˈfɔː

znamenat, značit

Název projektu:


Číslo projektu:

CZ.1.07/1.1.00/44.0008

Téma:

Electric Circuit

Účel:


Předmět:

Fyzika

Cílová skupina:





Seznámení se základními komponenty elektrického obvodu

jazykový –

Describing different parts of electrical circuit

Pomůcky:


YEAR: 2.

WORKSHEET NO. 10

SUBJECT: Physics

Electric Circuit

10. Electric Circuit TASK 1: What do these symbols stand for?

Obrázek 4/ Electric Circuit Symbols

15

TASK 2: Draw the symbols for following electric circuit parts: switch, cell, diode, resistor, transformer (here you can check your answers to both tasks and find further examples of other symbols http://ibphysicsstuff.wikidot.com/electric-circuits)16

TASK 3: What is the difference between series and parallel circuit?

15

Electric Circuit Symbols. 2015. WikimediaCommons [online]. [cit. 2015-05-09]. Dostupné z: https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Search&limit=20&offset=0&profile=default&search=elec tric+circuit+symbols&uselang=cs 16

Electric Circuits. 2015. IB Physics Stuff [online]. [cit. 2015-05-09]. Dostupné z: http://ibphysicsstuff.wikidot.com/electric-circuits

SOLUTION:

TASK 1: Power, battery, capacitor, hall effect sensor

TASK 2, 3: Ss´ own answers

Dictionary English

Pronunciation

Czech

Battery

ˈbætərɪ

baterie

Capacitor

kəˈpæsɪtə

kondenzátor

Cell

sel

el. článek

Diode

ˈdʌɪəʊd

dioda

Draw (pt drew, pp drawn)

drɔː

(na)kreslit

Electric circuit

ɪˈlektrɪk ˈsɜːkɪt

el. obvod

Hall effect sensor

hɔːl ɪˈfekt ˈsensə

Hallova sonda/článek/senzor

Parallel circuit

ˈpærəˌlel ˈsɜːkɪt

paralelní obvod

Power supply

ˈpaʊə səˈplaɪ

zdroj napájení

Resistor

rɪˈzɪstə

rezistor

Series circuit

ˈsɪəriːz/-rɪz ˈsɜːkɪt

sériový obvod

Switch

swɪtʃ

vypínač, spínač

Transformer

trænsˈfɔːmə

transformátor

Název projektu:


Číslo projektu:

CZ.1.07/1.1.00/44.0008

Téma:

Resistance

Účel:


Předmět:

Fyzika

Cílová skupina:





Aktivizace probraného učiva

jazykový –

Zero conditional

Pomůcky:


YEAR: 2.

WORKSHEET NO. 11

Resistance

SUBJECT: Physics

11. Resistance Resistance measures how the device or material reduces the electric current flow through it. Imagine the water flow in pipe: the resistance is ...........1) when the pipe is ...........2), so the water flow decreases.

THINK! How will the resistance change when the pipe is longer/wider? The resistance of a conductor is represented by the formula: Where R is....................... in...................3) ρ is........................in...................4) l is.........................in...................5) A is........................in...................6)

TASK 1: Fill in the missing explanation or words: the cross sectional area of the conductor, bigger, ohm, square meters, the resistivity, the length of the conductor, meter, thinner, the resistance, ohm-meters

TASK 2: Are the sentences true or false? 1. The SI unit of electrical resistance is Siemens. 2. Superconductors have a resistance of zero. 3. The resistance/conductance is constant for a wide variety of materials. 4. Substances in which electricity can flow are called resistors. 5. Resistance is measured with ammeter. 17

17

Resistance. 2015. The Physics Classroom [online]. [cit. 2015-05-09]. Dostupné z: http://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/circuits/Lesson-3/Resistance

SOLUTION:

TASK 1: When the pipe is longer, the resistance is higher, when the pipe is wider, the resistance is lower. 1) bigger, 2) thinner, 3) resistance/ohm, 4) electrical resistivity/ohmmeters, 5) the length of conductor/meter, 6) the cross sectional area/square meters

TASK 2: 1F, 2T, 3T, 4F, 5F

Dictionary English

Pronunciation

Czech

Conductance

kənˈdʌkt(ə)ns

vodivost

Constant

ˈkɒnstənt

konstantní, neměnný

Cross section

krɒs ˈsekʃən

průřez

Decrease

dɪˈkriːs

klesat

Flow

fləʊ

tok

Length

leŋθ

délka

Ohm

əʊm

ohm

Pipe

paɪp

trubka, potrubí

Reduce

rɪˈdjuːs

snížit

Resistance

rɪˈzɪstəns

odpor

Resistivity

ˌrɪzɪˈstɪvɪti

měrný el. odpor (rezistivita)

Substance

ˈsʌbstəns

hmota, látka

Thin (-nner, -nnest)

θɪn

úzký, tenký

Through

θruː

skrz, přes

Variety

vəˈraɪɪtɪ

rozmanitost, široká paleta

Název projektu:


Číslo projektu:

CZ.1.07/1.1.00/44.0008

Téma:

Ohm´s Law

Účel:


Předmět:

Fyzika

Cílová skupina:





Transformace a aplikace zákona

jazykový –

Enhancing participations in debates

Pomůcky:


YEAR: 2.

WORKSHEET NO. 12

SUBJECT: Physics

Ohm´s Law

12. Ohm´s Law Ohm's Law deals with the relationship between voltage and current in an ideal conductor: the potential difference (voltage) across an ideal conductor is 1)................. to the current through it. The direction of the voltage across a resistor is always 2)............. to the flow of current through the resistor.

TASK 1: Complete the text with the correct words.

TASK 2:

Obrázek 5/ Ohm´s Law

18

Work with your partner: Use the triangle above to derive the three forms of Ohm´s Law.

TASK 3: Check your understanding and do the exercise below. With your partner try to estimate the results.

18

File:Ohm's law triangle.svg. 2015. Wikimedia commons [online]. [cit. 2015-05-10]. Dostupné z: https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?search=Ohm%C2%B4s+law&title=Special%3ASearch&g o=Go&uselang=cs

1. Find the current flowing through a 6.8 Ω resistor if the applied voltage is 1.36 V. 2. Calculate the resistance of a resistor if a current of 1.5 A flows when the applied voltage is 60 V.19

19

Ohm´s Law. 2015. Electronics&Micros [online]. [cit. 2015-05-10]. Dostupné z: http://www.electronicsmicros.com/electrical/ohms-law/

SOLUTION:

TASK 1: Missing words: 1) proportional, 2) opposite

TASK 2: You can use the triangle method to visually transpose any equation with this same general form: cover the variable on the left of the equals sign. The arrangement of the remaining two variables gives the right-hand side.

TASK 3: I=V/ R 1.36 /6.8 = 0.2 A R=V/I 60 / 1.5 = 40 Ω

Dictionary English

Pronunciation

Czech

Apply

əˈplaɪ

použít, uplatnit

Below

bɪˈləʊ

níže

Calculate

ˈkælkjʊˌleɪt

(vy)počítat

Deal with sth

ˈdiːl ˈwɪθ

zabývat se něčím

Derive

dɪˈraɪv

získat, odvodit

Difference

ˈdɪfrəns

rozdíl

Direction

daɪ-/dɪˈrekʃən

směr

Equation

ɪˈkweɪʒən/ ɪˈkweɪʃən

rovnice

Estimate

ˈestɪˌmeɪt

odhadnout

Ohm’s Law

ˈəʊmz ˈlɔː

Ohmův zákon

Opposite

ˈɒpəzɪt/ ˈɒpəsɪt

opačný

Proportional

prəˈpɔːʃənəl

úměrný

Relationship

rɪˈleɪʃənʃɪp

vztah

Triangle

ˈtraɪˌæŋgəl

trojúhelník

Variable

ˈveərɪəbəl

proměnná

Název projektu:


Číslo projektu:

CZ.1.07/1.1.00/44.0008

Téma:

Resistors

Účel:


Předmět:

Fyzika

Cílová skupina:





Rezistory a jejich funkce

jazykový –

Revision of indirect questions

Pomůcky:


YEAR: 2.

WORKSHEET NO. 13

SUBJECT: Physics

Resistors

13. Resistors THINK! Activate your knowledge and try to tell what the resistors are and what they are used for.

TASK 1: Do you know what the colour code is used for and what its function is?

Obrázek 6/ 4-Band Resistor

20

TASK 2: Complete the following text with the word given: Ohm´s law, the same, the sum, equal, potential difference  The total resistance of resistors in series is 1)............ to the sum of their individual resistances.  In a series circuit the current is 2)................ for all elements 20

4- Band Resistor.svg. 2014. Category: Electronic colour code [online]. [cit. 2015-05-10]. Dostupné z: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Electronic_color_code

 If two or more components are connected in parallel they have the same 3)............................... across their ends.  The total current is

4)

................ of the currents through the

individual components.  The current in each individual resistor is found by 5)

..........................

TASK 3: Do you know how to find the total resistance of all components? 21

.

21

What is Resistor? 2015. RapidTables [online]. [cit. 2015-05-10]. Dostupné z: http://www.rapidtables.com/electric/resistor.htm

SOLUTION:

TASK 1: Resistors create specified values of current and voltage in a circuit. Colours are used to identify resistors´ value and function.

TASK 2: 1) equal, 2) the same, 3) potential difference/voltage, 4) the sum, 5) Ohm´s law

TASK 3: Add the reciprocals of the resistances of each component and take the reciprocal of the sum. Total resistance will always be less than the value of the smallest resistance.

Dictionary English

Pronunciation

Czech

Add

æd

sečíst

Band

bænd

proužek

Create

kriːˈeɪt

vytvořit

Elements

ˈelɪmənt

součást (celku)

Identify

aɪˈdentɪˌfaɪ

rozpoznat

Multiplier

ˈmʌltɪˌplaɪə

desítkový násobitel

Reciprocal

rɪˈsɪprəkəl

převrácená hodnota

Specified

ˈspesɪˌfaɪd

daný, stanovený

Tolerance

ˈtɒlərəns

tolerance

Total

ˈtəʊtəl

celkový

Value

ˈvæljuː

hodnota

Název projektu:


Číslo projektu:

CZ.1.07/1.1.00/44.0008

Téma:

Electrical Work

Účel:


Předmět:

Fyzika

Cílová skupina:





Příklady na výpočet elektrické práce

jazykový –

Passive voice revision

Pomůcky:


WORKSHEET NO. 14

YEAR: 2.

Electrical Work

SUBJECT: Physics

14. Electrical Work TASK 1: Decide if the statements are true or false. 1. Electrical work is the work done on a charged particle by an electric field. 2. Work done by a static electric field depends on the path taken by the charge. 3. There is no change in the voltage (electric potential). 4. Work done on the positive charge decreases the energy of that charge. 5. Whenever work is done energy changes form. 6. Work or energy can be measured in Watts.

TASK 2: Check your understanding:  An electric motor ran for 2 minutes at a setting of 18 volts, drawing a current of 4.5 amps. How much work was done in joules?  It takes 10,000 J of energy to charge a battery from 0 to 12 volts. Using a one amp charging current, how long does it take to charge the battery? 22

22

Electrical Work. 2014. Charter.net [online]. [cit. 2015-05-10]. Dostupné z: http://webpages.charter.net/griche/pt/u2s3prb.htm Electrical Energy and Electrical potential. 1999. Regentsprep.org [online]. [cit. 2015-05-10]. Dostupné z: http://regentsprep.org/Regents/physics/phys03/apotdif/

SOLUTION:

TASK 1: 1T, 2F, 3T, 4F, 5T, 6F

TASK 2: Use the formulas W= q*V q = I*t to solve the tasks. 1. q = I*t =4.5A*120s=540C W= V*q = 18V*540C =9756J 2. t = W/I*V = 10 000J/12V*1A = 833s

Dictionary English

Pronunciation

Czech

Amp

æmp

ampér

Decrease

dɪˈkriːs

snižovat

Draw from (pt drew, pp ˈdrɔː ˈfrɒm drawn)

čerpat, brát

Electric motor

ɪˈlektrɪk ˈməʊtə

elektromotor

Electric work

ɪˈlektrɪk ˈwɜːk

elektrická práce

Joule

dʒuːl

joule (jednotka)

Path

pɑːθ

dráha

Static

ˈstætɪk

neměnný, statický

Volt

vəʊlt

volt

Watt

wɒt

watt

Whenever

wenˈevə

kdykoli

Název projektu:


Číslo projektu:

CZ.1.07/1.1.00/44.0008

Téma:

Electric Power

Účel:


Předmět:

Fyzika

Cílová skupina:





Výpočet a měření elektrické síly

jazykový –

Possibilities: can and enable

Pomůcky:


YEAR: 2.

WORKSHEET NO. 15

SUBJECT: Physics

Electric Power

15. Electric Power Electric power is the rate at which electric energy is transferred by an electric circuit. It can be described by Electric Power Formulas: P = V I or P = R I2 or

P = V2/ R 23

TASK 1: Explain how you can get derivation of the basic formula.

TASK 2: What do the letters above stand for, give the symbol and unit as well

TASK 3: Work with a partner. Ask and answer these questions: What is the name of the device? What does it enable you to do? Which is the best feature?

How does it work? Where can you use it?

Obrázek 7/ Electronic Device

24

23

What is Electric Power? 2014. RapidTables [online]. [cit. 2015-05-10]. Dostupné z: http://www.rapidtables.com/electric/electric_power.htm

24

Wattmeter geraet.jpg. 2015. Wikimedia commons [online]. [cit. 2015-05-10]. Dostupné z: https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?search=wattmeter&title=Special%3ASearch&go=Go&uselang=cs

SOLUTION:

TASK 1

Dictionary English

Pronunciation

Czech

Basic

ˈbeɪsɪk

základní

Electric power

ɪˈlektrɪk ˈpaʊə

elektrická energie/ výkon

Enable

ɪnˈeɪbəl

umožnit

Feature

ˈfiːtʃə

znak, rys

Imply

ɪmˈplaɪ

naznačovat

Rate

reɪt

míra

Supply

səˈplaɪ

dodávat

Verify

ˈverɪˌfaɪ

ověřit, potvrdit

Název projektu:


Číslo projektu:

CZ.1.07/1.1.00/44.0008

Téma:

Magnetic Field

Účel:


Předmět:

Fyzika

Cílová skupina:





Základní charakteristika magnetického pole

jazykový –

Comparing different aspects

Pomůcky:


WORKSHEET NO. 16

YEAR: 2.

SUBJECT: Physics

Magnetic Field

16. Magnetic Field

Obrázek 8/ Field Diagrams

25

TASK 1: Describe the diagrams above comparing different aspects of each one.

TASK 2: Complete the text with the words given. magnetic 25

Vlastní tvorba

south 2x

stronger

force

lines

region

 A magnetic field is a …………where a …………is exerted on ……materials.  Magnetic fields can be represented by field………………..  They go from north to…………………..  The closer together they are, the ………………the field.  The geographic North Pole is a magnetic …………… pole. 26

THINK! Why the Earth acts as a magnetic field? What is an effect of it?

26

Magnetic Concepts. HyperPhysics [online]. 2007 [cit. 2015-05-31]. Dostupné z:

http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/magnetic/magcon.html#c1

SOLUTION:

TASK 1: Ss´ own answers

TASK 2: region, force, magnetic, lines, south, stronger, south

THINK! The Earth has a huge magnetic field. Because the core of our planet is filled with molten iron (Fe), there is a large field that protects the Earth from space radiation and particles such as the solar wind.

Dictionary English

Pronunciation

Czech

Above

əˈbʌv

výše

Close

kləʊz

blízko

Core

kɔː

jádro

Diagram

ˈdaɪəˌgræm

schéma, nákres

Effect

ɪˈfekt

účinek, dopad

Exert

ɪgˈzɜːt

vyvíjet

Lines

laɪnz

siločáry

Magnetic field

mægˈnetɪk ˈfiːld

magnetické pole

Molten iron

ˈməʊltən ˈaɪən

roztavené železo

North

nɔːθ

sever

North Pole

ˈnɔːθ ˈpəʊl

severní pól

Radiation

ˌreɪdɪˈeɪʃən

záření

Region

ˈriːdʒən

oblast

South

saʊθ

jih

Název projektu:


Číslo projektu:

CZ.1.07/1.1.00/44.0008

Téma:

Electromagnetic induction

Účel:


Předmět:

Fyzika

Cílová skupina:





Podstata elektromagnetická indukce

jazykový –

Past simple for process description

Pomůcky:


WORKSHEET NO. 17

YEAR: 2.

Electromagnetic Induction

SUBJECT: Physics

17. Electromagnetic Induction Faraday discovered that a voltage would be generated across a length of wire if that wire was exposed to a perpendicular magnetic field flux of changing intensity. 27 Watch the video and then do the tasks: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BKXw2OjuPpY

TASK 1: Describe the experiment that you watched.

TASK 2: Answer the questions. How was the amount of voltage increased? What is electromagnetic induction used for? Can you guess what an inductor could be?

TASK 3: What devices take advantage of electromagnetic induction?

27

Electromagnetic Induction. All about circuits [online]. 2005 [cit. 2015-05-31]. Dostupné z: http://www.allaboutcircuits.com/vol_1/chpt_14/5.html

Dictionary English

Pronunciation

Czech

Discover

dɪˈskʌvə

objevit, zjistit

Electromagnetic

ɪˌlektrəʊmægˈnetɪk

electromagnetický

Expose

ɪkˈspəʊz

vystavit (vlivu)

Flux

flʌks

tok, proudění

Generate

ˈdʒenəˌreɪt

vyvolat, generovat

Induction

ɪnˈdʌkʃən

indukce

Perpendicular

ˌpɜːpənˈdɪkjʊlə

kolmý

Wire

waɪə

drát

Název projektu:


Číslo projektu:

CZ.1.07/1.1.00/44.0008

Téma:

Alternating Current

Účel:


Předmět:

Fyzika

Cílová skupina:





Rozdíl mezi střídavým a stejnosměrným proudem

jazykový –

Sentence structure

Pomůcky:


YEAR: 2.

WORKSHEET NO. 18

Alternating Current

SUBJECT: Physics

18. Alternating Current TASK 1: Match the beginnings of the sentences to the correct endings. 1. In direct current the electric charge only …………………….. 2. Electric charge in alternating current …………………………… 3. The frequency of repetition of this ………………………………. 4. AC is created ………………………………………………………………… 5. Then it is delivered to our homes and businesses ………... 6. DC is the kind of electricity made ………………………………….. 7. It can be also generated ………………………………………………… 8. In some cases AC holds ………………………………………………….. a) changes direction periodically. b) by rubbing certain types of materials against each other. c) by generators in power plants d) flows in one direction. e) by the power lines. f) current is 60 Hertz. g) no practical advantage over DC. h) by a battery.28

TASK 2: Give some examples of AC and DC applications.

28

Alternating Current vs Direct Current. Sparkfun [online]. 2014 [cit. 2015-05-31]. Dostupné z: https://learn.sparkfun.com/tutorials/alternating-current-ac-vs-direct-current-dc

SOLUTION:

TASK 1: 1d, 2a, 3f, 4c, 5e, 6h, 7b, 8g

TASK 2: Home and office outlets are almost always AC. AC is also capable of powering electric motors. It is useful for many large appliances like dishwashers, refrigerators. Everything that runs off of a battery, plugs in to the wall with an AC adapter, or uses a USB cable for power relies on DC.

Dictionary English

Pronunciation

Czech

Alternate

ˈɔːltəˌneɪt

střídat (se)

Appliance

əˈplaɪəns

spotřebič

Application

ˌæplɪˈkeɪʃən

využití, uplatnění

Delivered

dɪˈlɪvəd

dodávaný

Dishwasher

ˈdɪʃˌwɒʃə

myčka

Frequency

ˈfriːkwənsɪ

frekvence, kmitočet

Generator

ˈdʒenəˌreɪtə

generátor

Periodically

ˌpɪərɪˈɒdɪkəlɪ

pravidelně, periodicky

Plug in

plʌg ɪn

připojit, zapojit

Power line

ˈpaʊə ˈlaɪn

elektrické vedení

Power plant

ˈpaʊə ˈplɑːnt

elektrárna

Refrigerator

rɪˈfrɪdʒəˌreɪtə

lednička

Rely on

rɪˈlaɪ ˈɒn

záviset na

Repetition

ˌrepɪˈtɪʃən

opakování

Rub

rʌb

třít

Název projektu:


Číslo projektu:

CZ.1.07/1.1.00/44.0008

Téma:

AC Circuits

Účel:


Předmět:

Fyzika

Cílová skupina:





Obvody střídavého proudu

jazykový –

Making flow chart expressing process

Pomůcky:


YEAR: 2.

WORKSHEET NO. 19

AC Circuits

SUBJECT: Physics

19. AC Circuits TASK 1: Make the flow chart, putting these boxes into the correct order. How does the solar power system work? A) the solar panel converts the Sun´s energy into an electric current

D) then it can flow to the lamps or into the battery

B) the battery stores the electricity

C) the current flows to the controller

E) the current flow from battery to lamps through controller

can the the the

TASK 2: Identify the equipment from the description. Use the words in the box, there are two extra words. cable solar panel thermostat battery fan router starter motor

1. This device stores electricity. When it is flat, you recharge it. 2. This equipment can connect two or more computers to one modem. 3. This device controls the temperature in a cooling system. 4. This device converts Sun´s energy into heat or electricity. 5. This machine starts the engine of the car.29

29

Technical English 1 course book. England: Pearson Longman, 2010. ISBN 13:987-1-4058-4545-8.

SOLUTION:

TASK 1: A, C, D, B, E

TASK 2: 1) battery, 2) router, 3) thermostat, 4) solar panel, 5) starter

Dictionary English

Pronunciation

Czech

Cable

ˈkeɪbəl

kabel

Controller

kənˈtrəʊlə

ovladač, regulátor

Convert

kənˈvɜːt

přeměnit

Cooling system

ˈkuːlɪŋ ˈsɪstəm

chlazení

Engine

ˈendʒɪn

motor

Equipment

ɪˈkwɪpmənt

zařízení

Fan

fæn

ventilátor

Flat

flæt

vybitý (baterie)

Flow chart

ˈfləʊtʃɑːt

vývojový diagram

Heat

hiːt

teplo

Order

ˈɔːdə

pořadí, posloupnost

Recharge

ˌriːˈtʃɑːdʒ

dobít (baterii)

Solar panel

ˈsəʊlə ˈpænəl

solární panel

Starter

ˈstɑːtə

starter, spouštěč

Thermostat

ˈθɜːməˌstæt

termostat

Název projektu:


Číslo projektu:

CZ.1.07/1.1.00/44.0008

Téma:

AC Circuit Capacity

Účel:


Předmět:

Fyzika

Cílová skupina:





Shrnutí učiva

jazykový –

Activating special vocabulary

Pomůcky:


YEAR: 2.

WORKSHEET NO. 20

AC Circuit Capacity

SUBJECT: Physics

20. AC Circuit Capacity TASK 1: Describe the different types of AC circuits:  series, parallel, with resistor/ capacitor/ inductor

TASK 2: Choose the correct answer. 1. Circuits in which current is proportional to voltage are called linear circuits. YES/NO 2. Resistance does not depend on frequency. YES/NO 3. Impedance is the ratio of voltage to current. YES/NO 4. Impedance is the special case of resistance. YEA/NO 5. IF the voltage and current are not out of phase by 90°, the ratio of voltage to current is called the reactance. YES/NO 6. The difference between reactance and resistance is that the reactance is frequency dependent. YES/NO

TASK 3: Explain the terms resistance, impedance, reactance.30

30

AC circuits. Physclips [online]. 2005 [cit. 2015-06-02]. Dostupné z: http://www.animations.physics.unsw.edu.au//jw/AC.html

SOLUTION:


TASK 2: 1)YES, 2)YES, 3)YES, 4)NO, 5)NO, 6)YES

Dictionary English

Pronunciation

Czech

AC circuit capacity

ˈeɪsiː ˈsɜːkɪt kəˈpæsɪtɪ

výkon v obvodu střídavého proudu

Capacitance

kəˈpasɪt(ə)ns

kapacitní odpor

Capacity

kəˈpæsɪtɪ

výkon

Dependent

dɪˈpendənt

závislý, podmíněný

Different

ˈdɪf(ə)rənt

rozdílný, různý

Impedance

ɪmˈpiːd(ə)ns

odpor

Inductance

ɪnˈdʌkt(ə)ns

indukční odpor

Inductor

ɪnˈdʌktə

induktor

Reactance

rɪˈakt(ə)ns

reaktance

Název projektu:


Číslo projektu:

CZ.1.07/1.1.00/44.0008

Téma:

Three-Phase System

Účel:


Předmět:

Fyzika

Cílová skupina:





Popis trojfázové soustavy napětí

jazykový –

Using specific vocabulary

Pomůcky:


YEAR: 2.

WORKSHEET NO. 21

SUBJECT: Physics

Three-Phase System

21. Three-Phase System Three-phase electric power is a common method of alternatingcurrent electric power transmission. It is generally more economical than others because it uses less conductor material to transmit electric power than equivalent single-phase or two-phase systems at the same voltage. The three-phase system was introduced and patented by Nikola Tesla in the years from 1887 to 1888.

TASK 1: What requirements must be satisfied in order for a set of 3 sinusoidal variables (usually voltages or currents) to be a "balanced 3-phase set?

Obrázek 9/ Three-Phase System

31

31

File:3 phase AC waveform. Wikimedia Commons [online]. 2008 [cit. 2015-05-31]. Dostupné z: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:3_phase_AC_waveform.svg

TASK 2: Match the words to their definitions. Phase

the 4th wire in the 3-phase system.

Line

the voltages between any two of the lines

Neutral

the currents flowing in each of the lines

Phase voltages/currents simply a "branch" of the circuit Line currents

the voltages and currents across and through a

single phase of the circuit Line voltages

refers to the "transmission line" that connect the

source to the load 32

32

Review of 3-Phase Circuits. Eece.ksu.edu [online]. 1997 [cit. 2015-06-01]. Dostupné z: http://ece.k-

state.edu/~starret/581/3phase.html

SOLUTION:

TASK 1: 1. All 3 variables have the same amplitude 2. All 3 variables have the same frequency 3. All 3 variables are 120o in phase

TASK 2:  Phase - simply a "branch" of the circuit  Line refers to the "transmission line" that connect the source to the load.  Neutral - the 4th wire in the 3-phase system  Phase Voltages & Phase Currents - the voltages and currents across and through a single branch of the circuit  Line Currents - the currents flowing in each of the lines  Line Voltages - the voltages between any two of the lines

Dictionary English

Pronunciation

Czech

Amplitude

ˈæmplɪˌtjuːd

amplituda

Generally

ˈdʒenrəlɪ

obecně

Introduce

ˌɪntrəˈdjuːs

představit, zavést

Patent

ˈpætənt

patentovat

Phase

feɪz

fáze

Requirement

rɪˈkwaɪəmənt

požadavek, podmínka

Single-phase

ˈsɪŋgəl ˈfeɪz

jednofázový

Three-phase

ˈθriː ˈfeɪz

třífázový

Transmission

trænzˈmɪʃən

přenos

Transmit

trænzˈmɪt

přenést

Two-phase

ˈtuː ˈfeɪz

dvoufázový

Název projektu:


Číslo projektu:

CZ.1.07/1.1.00/44.0008

Téma:

Generators

Účel:


Předmět:

Fyzika

Cílová skupina:





Funkce a využití generátoru

jazykový –

Different meaning of the word

Pomůcky:


WORKSHEET NO. 22

YEAR: 2.

SUBJECT: Physics

Generators

22. Generators TASK 1: Answer the question:  What is the generators´ function?  What does the dynamo enable you to do?  Is dynamo and alternator the same?  What is the difference between portable, standby and inverter generator?

TASK 2: In your dictionary find at least three different meanings of the word generate in Czech and use each of them in the sentence. word generate

meaning in Czech

sample sentence

1.

1.

2.

2.

3.

3.

SOLUTION:

TASK 1: A generator is a device that converts mechanical energy to electrical energy for use in an external circuit. Dynamo is one of the generators´ category and uses electromagnetic induction to convert mechanical rotation into direct current through the use of a commutator. Alternators generate alternating current. Dynamo enables you to use any device although there is no power supply.

TASK 2: For example: 1. vyrobit, 2. plodit, dávat vznik 3. generovat

Dictionary English

Pronunciation

Czech

Alternator

ˈɔːltəˌneɪtə

alternátor

Although

ɔːlˈðəʊ

i když, přestože

Commutator

ˈkɒmjʊˌteɪtə

komutátor

Dynamo

ˈdaɪnəˌməʊ

dynamo

External circuit

ɪkˈstɜːnəl ˈsɜːkɪt

vnější obvod

Generate

ˈdʒenəˌreɪt

generovat, vyrábět (el.), plodit, dávat vznik atd.

Inverter

ɪnˈvəːtə

inventor (měnič, střídač)

Mechanical

mɪˈkænɪkəl

mechanický

Portable

ˈpɔːtəbəl

přenosný

Rotation

rəʊˈteɪʃən

otáčení, rotace

Standby

ˈstændbaɪ

rezervní, záložní

Název projektu:


Číslo projektu:

CZ.1.07/1.1.00/44.0008

Téma:

Electric Motors

Účel:


Předmět:

Fyzika

Cílová skupina:





Shrnutí a opakování učiva

jazykový –


Pomůcky:


YEAR: 2.

WORKSHEET NO. 23

Electric Motors

SUBJECT: Physics

23. Electric Motors TASK 1: Do the quiz revising what you have already learnt. 4. The basis of an electric motor is: a) a spark plug b) a magnet c) a battery 5. A motor's motion comes from which property of magnets? a) Like poles repel each other. b) Opposite poles attract each other. c) both A and B 6. The six basic parts of a simple two-pole motor are: a) the armature, the commutator, the brushes, the axle, a field magnet and a DC power supply b) the armature, the brushes, the battery, the axle, the anchor and a field magnet c) the commutator, the brushes, the casing, a DC power supply and the wires 7. A motor's armature acts as: a) a rotor b) an anchor c) an axle

8. Which part holds the armature and commutator in place? a) wires b) battery c) axle 9. What part transfers power from the battery to the commutator? a) wires b) brushes c) poles 10. Which of these devices does not have an electric motor? a) blender b) water filter c) refrigerator33

33

How Electric Motors Work. Howstuffworks [online]. 2015 [cit. 2015-06-01]. Dostupné z: http://electronics.howstuffworks.com/motor.htm

SOLUTION:

TASK 1: 1b, 2c, 3a, 4a, 5c, 6b, 7b

Dictionary English

Pronunciation

Czech

Anchor

ˈæŋkə

kotva

Armature

ˈɑːmətjʊə

kotva (magnetu)

Axle

ˈæksəl

hřídel

Blender

ˈblendə

mixér, míchadlo, hnětač

Brush

brʌʃ

kartáček

Casing

ˈkeɪsɪŋ

obal, kryt, pouzdro

Field magnet

ˈfiːld ˈmægnɪt

budící magnet

Magnet

ˈmægnɪt

magnet

Motion

ˈməʊʃən

pohyb

Pole

pəʊl

pól

Property

ˈprɒpətɪ

vlastnost

Rotor

ˈrəʊtə

rotor

Spark plug

ˈspɑːk ˈplʌg

zapalovací svíčka

Název projektu:


Číslo projektu:

CZ.1.07/1.1.00/44.0008

Téma:

Transformers

Účel:


Předmět:

Fyzika

Cílová skupina:





Základní charakteristika transformátoru

jazykový –

Prepositions and their opposites

Pomůcky:


YEAR: 2.

WORKSHEET NO. 24

Transformers

SUBJECT: Physics

24. Transformers TASK 1: Complete the text with the words from the box. iron - primary - flux - more - voltage - field - down - frequency - coil change - alternating - secondary- increase Transformers use electromagnetic induction to 1) ____ the size of the voltage for an 2) _________ current. An AC flowing in the3) _________ coil produces magnetic 4) _________ . The magnetic 5) ________ is passed through the 6) _______ core to the 7) _________ coil, where it induces an alternating 8) _________ of the same 9) _________. Step – up transformers 10) ________ the voltage by having 11) ______ turns on the secondary coil than the primary. Step – 12) _______ transformers reduce the voltage by having fewer turns on the secondary coil.34

TASK 2: Write opposites to the prepositions: Preposition

Opposite

for up in through

34

Transformers. Pass my exams [online]. 2014 [cit. 2015-06-01]. Dostupné z: http://www.passmyexams.co.uk/GCSE/physics/transformers.html

SOLUTION:

TASK 1: 1)change 2)alternating 3)primary 4)flux, 5)field 6)iron 7) secondary 8)voltage 9)frequency 10)increase 11)more 12)down

TASK 2: Preposition

Opposite

for up in through

from down out along

Dictionary English

Pronunciation

Czech

Change

tʃeɪndʒ

změnit, přeměnit

Coil

kɔɪl

cívka

Core

kɔː

jádro, střed

Flux

flʌks

tok, proudění

Increase

ɪnˈkriːs

zvýšit

Induce

ɪnˈdjuːs

indukovat, vyvolat

Iron

ˈaɪrən

železný

Pass

pɑːs

vést, poslat, předat

Primary

ˈpraɪmərɪ

primární

Secondary

ˈsekəndərɪ

sekundární

Size

saɪz

velikost

Transformer

trænsˈfɔːmə

transformátor

Turn

tɜːn

obrátka, otočení

Název projektu:


Číslo projektu:

CZ.1.07/1.1.00/44.0008

Téma:

Generating Electricity

Účel:


Předmět:

Fyzika

Cílová skupina:





Větrné elektrárny jako alternativní zdroj energie

jazykový –

Adjectives

Pomůcky:


WORKSHEET NO. 25

YEAR: 2.

Generating Electricity

SUBJECT: Physics

25. Generating Electricity

Obrázek 10/ Windfarm

35

Wind power as an alternative to fossil fuels, is plentiful, renewable, widely distributed, clean, produces no greenhouse gas emissions during operation, and uses little land.

TASK 1: How much do you know about the wind turbine? Write the words to their explanations. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

35

this produces electricity from the wind ___________________ this switches the wind turbine on and off __________________ this slows down the rotating shaft ________________________ this produces AC electricity ___________________ this consists of three blades and a hub _______________ this transmit the rotation to the generator ______________ 36

Wind farm. Wikimedia Commons [online]. 2014 [cit. 2015-06-01]. Dostupné z: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wind_farm 36 Wind Turbines. AENews [online]. 2014 [cit. 2015-06-01]. Dostupné z: http://www.alternative-energynews.info/technology/wind-power/wind-turbines/

TASK 2: Complete the phrases from the text. electricity turbine gas shaft power emission fuels

TASK 3: Suffix -able is commonly used to form adjectives. Guess its meaning from the Czech translation of the word renewable = obnovitelný. Complete the table. suffix able

suffix meaning

adjective 1. 2. 3.

adjective meaning

SOLUTION:

TASK 1: 1)turbine, 2)controller, 3)brake, 4)generator, 5)rotor, 6)shaft

TASK 2: AC electricity, wind turbine, greenhouse gas, rotating shaft, wind power, gas emission, fossil fuels.

TASK 3: Suffix able express possibility to provide smth

Dictionary English

Pronunciation

Czech

Adjective

ˈædʒɪktɪv

přídavné jméno

Alternative

ɔːlˈtɜːnətɪv

alternativa, jiná možnost

Blade

bleɪd

lopatka (rotoru/turbíny)

Brake

breɪk

brzda

Distributed

dɪˈstrɪbjuːtɪd

rozložený, distribuovaný

Emissions

ɪˈmɪʃən

emise

Fossil fuel

ˈfɒsəl ˈfjʊəl

fosilní palivo

Greenhouse gases

ˈgriːnˌhaʊs ˈgæsɪz

skleníkové plyny

Hub

hʌb

střed (kola, turbíny)

Operation

ˌɒpəˈreɪʃən

provoz, chod

Renewable

rɪˈnjuːəbəl

obnovitelný

Shaft

ʃɑːft

hřídel

Suffix

ˈsʌfɪks

přípona

Turbine

ˈtɜːbɪn

turbína

Wind power

ˈwɪnd ˈpaʊə

větrná energie

Název projektu:


Číslo projektu:

CZ.1.07/1.1.00/44.0008

Téma:

Safety Rules

Účel:


Předmět:

Fyzika

Cílová skupina:





Zásady bezpečnosti práce s elektrickým proudem

jazykový –

Modal verbs/permission, obligation, prohibition

Pomůcky:


WORKSHEET NO. 26

YEAR: 2.

Safety Rules

SUBJECT: Physics

26. Safety Rules TASK 1: Work with your partner and discuss the following problems. 1. Why is it so important to work safely with or near electricity? 2. What kinds of injuries result from electrical currents? 3. What are some general safety tips for working with or near electricity?

TASK 2: Complete the table with the correct modal verb/s. Obligation

Permission

Prohibition

What other structures can be used to express warning?

TASK 3: Work with your partner. Think about your workplace or home and set at least two rules expressing obligation, permission and prohibition when handling with electricity.

SOLUTION:


TASK 2: Obligation

Permission

Prohibition

have to must

can be allowed to

mustn´t

Other structures: Never/always + infinitive, don´t + infinitive.

Dictionary English

Pronunciation

Czech

Express

ɪkˈspres

vyjádřit

Handling

ˈhændlɪŋ

manipulace, zacházení

Injury

ˈɪndʒərɪ

úraz, zranění, újma

Obligation

ˌɒblɪˈgeɪʃən

povinnost

Permission

pəˈmɪʃən

povolení

Prohibition

ˌprəʊɪˈbɪʃən

zákaz

Safely

ˈseɪflɪ

bezpečně

Safety rules

ˈseɪftɪ ˈruːlz

bezpečnostní pravidla, zásady

Screwdriver

ˈskruːˌdraɪvə

šroubovák

Warning

ˈwɔːnɪŋ

varování, upozornění

Workplace

ˈwɜːkˌpleɪs

pracoviště

Název projektu:


Číslo projektu:

CZ.1.07/1.1.00/44.0008

Téma:

Oscillation

Účel:


Předmět:

Fyzika

Cílová skupina:





Úvod do téma kmitání

jazykový –

Relating the content to the Ss´ closest environment

Pomůcky:


WORKSHEET NO. 27

YEAR: 2.

Oscillation

SUBJECT: Physics

27. Oscillation What is oscillation? Oscillation is a motion that repeats itself in a regular cycle. It is also known as a periodic motion. It occurs when a system is disturbed from a position of stable equilibrium. This displacement from equilibrium changes periodically over time. Oscillations are very common in everyday life with familiar examples being the motion of a clock pendulum or the vibrations of strings on musical instruments. 37

TASK 1: Complete the table. verb oscillate

37

verb meaning

noun oscillation oscillator oscillograph oscilloscope

noun meaning

Waves and oscillations. Examstutor [online]. 2014 [cit. 2015-06-03]. Dostupné z:

http://www.examstutor.com/physics/resources/studyroom/waves_and_oscillations/oscillations_and_ha rmonic_oscillations/

TASK 2: Find some examples of oscillation in different fields. field mechanical optical biological economic human

example

If you need some help go on: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oscillation

Dictionary English

Pronunciation

Czech

Displacement

dɪsˈpleɪsmənt

přemístění, posunutí

Equilibrium

ˌiːkwɪˈlɪbrɪəm

rovnováha

Occur

əˈkɜː

nastat, přihodit se

Oscillate

ˈɒsɪˌleɪt

kmitat, kývat se (kyvadlo), oscilovat

Oscillating system/ oscillator

ˈɒsɪˌleɪtɪŋ ˈsɪstəm/ ˈɒsɪleɪtə

oscilátor

Oscillation

ˌɒsɪˈleɪʃən

oscilace, kmitání

Oscillograph

əˈsɪləɡrɑːf

oscilograf

Oscilloscope

əˈsɪləskəʊp

osciloskop

Pendulum

ˈpendjʊləm

kyvadlo

Repeat

rɪˈpiːt

opakovat se

String

strɪŋ

pružina

Název projektu:


Číslo projektu:

CZ.1.07/1.1.00/44.0008

Téma:

Oscillation Properties

Účel:


Předmět:

Fyzika

Cílová skupina:





Základní terminologie

jazykový –

Basic terms and their meaning

Pomůcky:


WORKSHEET NO. 28

YEAR: 2.

SUBJECT: Physics

Oscillation Properties

28. Oscillation Properties TASK 1: Match the terms to their definitions. 1. Period

A) the maximum displacement from the equilibrium position

2. Frequency

B) a measure of how much one wave is out of step with

another wave 3. Amplitude

C) is defined as the number of oscillations per unit time

4. Phase difference

D) is defined as the time taken for one complete oscillation

TASK 2: Label the diagram of simple harmonic oscillation and describe it.

Obrázek 11/ Simple Harmonic Oscillation

38

SOLUTION:

38

File:Harmonic oscillation.svg. Wikimedia Commons [online]. 2009 [cit. 2015-06-03]. Dostupné z:

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Harmonic_oscillation_german.svg?uselang=cs

TASK 1: 1D, 2C, 3A, 4B

Dictionary English

Pronunciation

Czech

Amplitude

ˈæmplɪˌtjuːd

amplituda

Be out of step with sth.

biː aʊt ɒv step wɪθ sʌmθɪŋ

rozcházet se s něčím, nejít stejným krokem

Equilibrium position

ˌiːkwɪˈlɪbrɪəm pəˈzɪʃən

rovnovážná poloha

Frequency

ˈfriːkwənsɪ

frekvence (kmitočet)

Harmonic oscillation

hɑːˈmɒnɪk ˌɒsɪˈleɪʃən

harmonické kmitání

Per unit time

ˈpɜː ˈjuːnɪt ˈtaɪm

za jednotku času

Period

ˈpɪərɪəd

perioda (doba kmitu)

Phase difference

ˈfeɪz ˈdɪfrəns

fázový rozdíl

Wave

weɪv

vlna

Název projektu:


Číslo projektu:

CZ.1.07/1.1.00/44.0008

Téma:

Pendulum

Účel:


Předmět:

Fyzika

Cílová skupina:





Základní parametry kyvadla

jazykový –


Pomůcky:


YEAR: 2.

WORKSHEET NO. 29

Pendulum

SUBJECT: Physics

29. Pendulum Pendulum is the most common type of a mechanical oscillator. Oscillation is represented by the back and forth movement. It is maintained by changes in energy.

TASK 1: Answer the following questions. 1. What parts does the pendulum consist of? 2. What types of energy are exchanged? 3. What are the factors and parameters of pendulum motion?

TASK 2: For the next sentences choose the correct option.  If the frequency of a pendulum is 60 cycles per second (or 60 Hertz), then its period is 1/60 seconds. YES/NO  The frequency of the pendulum is independent on the length of the string or wire. YES/NO  The frequency is independent of the amplitude of the swing. YES/NO 39

39

Simple Pendulum. School for Champions [online]. 2014 [cit. 2015-06-03]. Dostupné z:

http://www.school-for-champions.com/science/pendulum.htm#.VW8OYc_tmko

SOLUTION:

TASK 1: 1. A pendulum consists of a weight suspended on a rod, string or wire. 2. Potential to kinetic. 3. The major factor involved in the equations for calculating the frequency of a pendulum is the length of the rod or wire, provided the initial angle or amplitude of the swing is small.

TASK 2: YES, NO, YES,

Dictionary English

Pronunciation

Czech

Angle

ˈæŋgəl

úhel

Back and forth

ˈbæk ən ˈfɔːθ

tam a zpět

Be suspended

ˈbiː səˈspendɪd

viset, být zavěšen

Consist of sth.

kənˈsɪst ˈɒv ˈsʌmθɪŋ

skládat se z něčeho

Cycle

ˈsaɪkəl

cyklus, kmit

Independent

ˌɪndɪˈpendənt

nazávislý

Initial

ɪˈnɪʃəl

počáteční, výchozí

Length

leŋθ / leŋkθ

délka

Maintain

meɪnˈteɪn

udržet

Rod

rɒd

tyč(ka)

String

strɪŋ

provaz, šňůra

Swing

swɪŋ

kývání, zhoupnutí

Weight

weɪt

závaží

Název projektu:


Číslo projektu:

CZ.1.07/1.1.00/44.0008

Téma:

Mechanical Waves

Účel:


Předmět:

Fyzika

Cílová skupina:





Shrnutí a upevnění poznatků

jazykový –

3rd person form of present simple

Pomůcky:


WORKSHEET NO. 30

YEAR: 2.

Mechanical Waves

SUBJECT: Physics

30. Mechanical Waves A mechanical wave is a wave that propagates as an oscillation of matter, and therefore transfers energy through a medium. While waves can move over long distances, the movement of the medium of transmission is limited.

TASK 1: Fill in the missing words: water 2x, medium, energy input, energy, no, the same, sound. Mechanical waves transport 2)

1)

_______only. It propagates in

________ direction as the wave. A mechanical wave requires an

initial 3)_______ ______. Once this initial energy is added, the wave travels through the 4)___________ until all its energy is transferred. In contrast, electromagnetic waves require 5)____ medium, but can still travel through one. Some of the most common examples of mechanical waves can be 6)

40

_______ or 7)_______ waves, etc. 40

Categories of waves. 1996-2O15. The physics classroom [online]. [cit. 2015-05-06]. Dostupné z: http://www.physicsclassroom.com/Class/waves/u10l1c.cfm#emmech

THINK!  Why an opera singer’s voice is able to break a thin crystal glass?  What does the mechanical wave motion in a medium transfer mass or energy?

SOLUTION:

TASK 1: 1)energy, 2)the same, 3)energy input, 4)medium, 5)no, 6)water, 7)sound

THINK!  Because the vibrating glass and the singer´s voice have identical frequency.  Mechanical waves can only transfer energy.

Dictionary English

Pronunciation

Czech

Add

æd

přidat

Input

ˈɪnˌpʊt

vstup(ní zdroje), vklad

Mass

mæs

masa

Matter

ˈmætə

hmota, látka

Mechanical wave

mɪˈkænɪkəl ˈweɪv

mechanické vlnění/vlna

Medium

ˈmiːdɪəm

prostředek přenosu, nosič

Movement

ˈmuːvmənt

pohyb

Propagate

ˈprɒpəˌgeɪt

šířit se

Sound wave

ˈsaʊnd ˈweɪv

zvuková vlna

Therefore

ˈðeəˌfɔː

proto

Transfer

trænsˈfɜː

přenést

Název projektu:


Číslo projektu:

CZ.1.07/1.1.00/44.0008

Téma:

Interference

Účel:


Předmět:

Fyzika

Cílová skupina:





Podstata interference vlnění

jazykový –

Formulate a hypothesis

Pomůcky:


YEAR: 2.

WORKSHEET NO. 31

SUBJECT: Physics

Interference

31. Interference Interference happens when two or more waves come together. Depending on how the peaks and troughs of the waves are matched up, the waves might add together or they can partially or even completely cancel each other. It applies to all kind of waves.

TASK 1:  Give the Czech equivalents to the words in blue.  What kinds of waves do you know?

TASK 2: What is the difference between constructive and destructive interference? Label the diagrams with the correct type.

Obrázek 12/ Interference of Waves

41

41

File:ConstructiveAndDestructiveInterference.png. Wikimedia Commons [online]. 2010 [cit. 2015-0602]. Dostupné z: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:ConstructiveAndDestructiveInterference.png?uselang=cs

THINK! Do you know why soldiers have to march at easy over the bridge? How are the standing waves produced? 42

42

Interference of Waves. Physics.bu.edu [online]. 1999 [cit. 2015-06-02]. Dostupné z: http://physics.bu.edu/~duffy/py105/WaveInterference.html

Dictionary English

Pronunciation

Czech

Apply

əˈplaɪ

vztahovat se, týkat se, platit

Cancel

ˈkænsəl

zrušit

Come together

ˈkʌm təˈgeðə

spojit se, dát se dohromady

Completely

kəmˈpliːtlɪ

úplně

Constructive interference

kənˈstrʌktɪv ˌɪntəˈfɪərəns

konstruktivní interference

Destructive interference

dɪˈstrʌktɪv ˌɪntəˈfɪərəns

destruktivní interference

Interference

ˌɪntəˈfɪərəns

skládání (interference) vlnění

Kind

kaɪnd

druh, typ

March

mɑːtʃ

pochodovat

Match up

ˈ mætʃ ˈ ʌp

uspořádat, padnout

Partially

ˈpɑːʃəlɪ

částečně

Peak

piːk

maximum (na sinusoidě)

Standing waves

ˈstændɪŋ ˈweɪvz

stojaté vlnění

Trough

trɒf

minimum (na sinusoidě)

Název projektu:


Číslo projektu:

CZ.1.07/1.1.00/44.0008

Téma:

Review - Oscillation

Účel:


Předmět:

Fyzika

Cílová skupina:





Opakování základních pojmů

jazykový –

Word meaning in different context

Pomůcky:


WORKSHEET NO. 32

YEAR: 2.

SUBJECT: Physics

Review

32. Review TASK 1: Revise a bit. Find the following terms. Equilibrium, oscillator, pendulum, period, standing (waves), longitudinal (waves), wavelength, amplitude, surface (waves), transverse (waves), frequency. W A C Y E X U M H U W T

D F R E Q U E N C Y A R

R D N S U R F A C E V A

O C G N I D N A T S E N

T E V A L F W B P P L S

A M P L I T U D E O E V

L F H E B E R E R B N E

L G A F R B H T I E G R

I T S H I K O H O R T S

C E E K U S R A D F H E

S C E U M U L U D N E P

O L O N G I T U D A L V

TASK 2: Choose any three terms from 1 and explain them.

TASK 3: How many meanings of the word oscillation can you find in the dictionary? Try to use them in the sentences.

Dictionary English

Pronunciation

Czech

Choose (pt chose, pp chosen)

tʃuːz

vybrat (si), zvolit (si)

Explain

ɪkˈspleɪn

vysvětlit

Following

ˈfɒləʊɪŋ

následující

Longitudinal waves

ˌlɒŋgɪˈtjuːdɪnəl ˈweɪvz

podélné vlnění

Oscillation

ˌɒsɪˈleɪʃən

oscilace, kmitání, kolísání (teplot) atd.

Surface waves

ˈsɜːfɪs ˈweɪvz

povrchové vlnění

Term

tɜːm

výraz, termín

Transverse waves

trænzˈvɜːs ˈweɪvz

příčné vlnění

Wavelength

ˈweɪvˌleŋθ

vlnová délka

Název projektu:


Číslo projektu:

CZ.1.07/1.1.00/44.0008

Téma:

Origin and Source of Sound

Účel:


Předmět:

Fyzika

Cílová skupina:





Podstata zvuku

jazykový –

Developing the basic skills of data processing

Pomůcky:


WORKSHEET NO. 33

YEAR: 2.

Origin and Source of Sound

SUBJECT: Physics

33. Origin and Source of Sound TASK 1: Read the statements and decide if they are true or false. 1. Sound is a transverse wave. 2. Sound can travel through a vacuum. 3. A region of increased pressure on a sound wave is called a rarefaction. 4. The speed of sound depends upon the type of medium. 5. Sound generally travels faster in gases than in solids and liquids. 6. The speed of sound in air is nearly the same for all frequencies 7. It does not increase with temperature.43 Here you can check your answers: http://physics.info/sound/

THINK! A scene in a science fiction movie shows a spacecraft exploding in outer space. At the same time, the occupants of a second spaceship (located a considerable distance away) are shown reacting to the sound and light of the explosion. What two physics errors did the producers make in this scene?

43

The Nature of Sound. The Physics Hypertextbook [online]. 2015 [cit. 2015-06-04]. Dostupné z: http://physics.info/sound/

SOLUTION:

TASK 1: 1F, 2F, 3F, 4T, 5F, 6T, 7F

THINK! Ss´ own answers

Dictionary English

Pronunciation

Czech

Gas

gæs

plyn

Liquid

ˈlɪkwɪd

tekutina, kapalina

Rarefaction

ˌrɛːrɪˈfakʃ(ə)n

snížení hustoty

Solid

ˈsɒlɪd

pevná látka

Sound

ˈsaʊnd

zvuk

Spacecraft

ˈspeɪsˌkrɑːft

kosmická loď, vesmírné plavidlo

Speed

ˈspiːd

rychlost

Temperature

ˈtemprɪtʃə

teplota

Vacuum

ˈvækjʊəm

vakuum

Název projektu:


Číslo projektu:

CZ.1.07/1.1.00/44.0008

Téma:

Sound Propagation

Účel:


Předmět:

Fyzika

Cílová skupina:





Podstata šíření zvuku

jazykový –

Forming adjectives by prefixes

Pomůcky:


YEAR: 2.

WORKSHEET NO. 34

SUBJECT: Physics

Sound Propagation

34. Sound Propagation TASK 1: Look at the sound wave diagram and explain the way of sound propagation and its dependence on the pressure:

Obrázek 13/ Sound Wave

44

TASK 2: The human ear is capable of detecting sounds in the range 16 Hz - 20 000 Hz, although this range decreases appreciably with age. What are ultrasonic sounds or ultrasounds?

TASK 3: What is the meaning of the prefix ultra- ? Give more examples of adjectives formed by this prefix.

44

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:PSM_V13_D181_Sound_wave_propagation_along_a_cylinder.jpg?us elang=cs

SOLUTION:

TASK 1: Sound is a variation in pressure. A region of increased pressure on a sound wave is called a compression (or condensation). A region of decreased pressure on a sound wave is called a rarefaction (or dilation).

TASK 2: Sounds whose frequencies are higher than the upper limit of audibility of the human ear.

TASK 3: Ultra- having a quality to an extreme degree

Dictionary English

Pronunciation

Czech

Although

ɔːlˈðəʊ

ačkoli, přestože, i když

Appreciably

əˈpriːʃɪəbəlɪ

znatelně, výrazně

Capable

ˈkeɪpəbəl

schopný, způsobilý

Compression

kəmˈpreʃən

stlačení

Decrease

dɪˈkriːs

klesat, snižovat se

Dependence on

dɪˈpendəns ˈɒn

závislost na

Detect

dɪˈtekt

zaznamenat

Ear

ɪə

ucho

Limit of audibility

ˈlɪmɪt ˈɒv ˌɔːdɪˈbɪlɪtɪ

hranice slyšitelnosti

Pressure

ˈpreʃə

tlak

Propagation

ˌprɒpəˈgeɪʃən

šíření

Range

reɪndʒ

rozmezí

Rarefaction

ˌreːrɪˈfakʃ(ə)n

snížení hustoty

Than

ðæn

než

Ultrasonic sound/ultrasound

ˌʌltrəˈsɒnɪk saʊnd/ˌʌltrəˈsaʊnd

ultrazvuk

Upper

ˈʌpə

horní

Název projektu:


Číslo projektu:

CZ.1.07/1.1.00/44.0008

Téma:

Acoustics

Účel:


Předmět:

Fyzika

Cílová skupina:





Upevnění a prohloubení učiva o zvuku a vlnění

jazykový –

Applying prior knowledge to solve the problem

Pomůcky:


YEAR: 2.

WORKSHEET NO. 35

Acoustics

SUBJECT: Physics

35. Acoustics Science of sound, including its production, transmission, and effects, including biological and psychological effects.

TASK 1: The word acoustics has another more familiar meaning. Do you know what it is?

TASK 2: The study of acoustics revolves around the generation, propagation and reception of mechanical waves and vibrations.  What wave properties should be taken into account?  What form can sound waves take in solids and fluids?

TASK 3: There are many different areas of study and practice within acoustics. Can you guess what the subject matter of each type is? ANIMAL BIOACOUSTICS ARCHITECTURAL ACOUSTICS MEDICAL ACOUSTICS MUSICAL ACOUSTICS UNDERWATER ACOUSTICS. NOISE/ENVIRONMENTAL ACOUSTICS45 45

What is Acoustics? Acoustics Research Group [online]. 2015 [cit. 2015-06-04]. Dostupné z: https://acoustics.byu.edu/content/what-acoustics

SOLUTION:

TASK 1: Those qualities of a room that, together, determine its character with respect to auditory effects.

TASK 2:  Mainly pressure and frequency.  In fluids, sound propagates primarily as a pressure wave. In solids, mechanical waves can take many forms including longitudinal waves, transverse waves and surface waves.


Dictionary English

Pronunciation

Czech

Acoustics

əˈkuːstɪks

akustika

Animal bioacoustics

ˈænɪməl ˌbʌɪəʊəˈkuːstɪks

(zvířecí) bioakustika

Architectural acoustics

ˌɑːkɪˈtektʃərəl əˈkuːstɪks

stavební akustika

Effect

ɪˈfekt

důsledek, účinek

Generation

ˌdʒenəˈreɪʃən

generování

Medical acoustics

ˈmedɪkəl əˈkuːstɪks

lékařská akustika

Musical acoustics

ˈmjuːzɪkəl əˈkuːstɪks

hudební akustika ə

Noise/environmental acoustics

nɔɪz/ɪnˌvaɪərənˈment l əˈkuːstɪks

environmentální akustika

Reception

rɪˈsepʃən

příjem

Revolve

rɪˈvɒlv

točit se (kolem tématu)

Subject matter

ˈsʌbdʒɪkt ˈmætə

tématika, předmět studia

Take into account (pt took, ˈteɪk ˈɪntuː əˈkaʊnt pp taken)

vzít v úvahu, zohlednit

Underwater acoustics

ˈʌndəˈwɔːtə əˈkuːstɪks

podvodní akustika

Vibration

vaɪˈbreɪʃən

vibrace, kmitání, chvění

Název projektu:


Číslo projektu:

CZ.1.07/1.1.00/44.0008

Téma:

Practical Use of Acoustics

Účel:


Předmět:

Fyzika

Cílová skupina:





Využití poznatků akustiky v praxi

jazykový –

Terms meaning and pronunciation

Pomůcky:


WORKSHEET NO. 36

YEAR: 2.

Practical Use of Acoustics

SUBJECT: Physics

36. Practical Use of Acoustics TASK 1:  Which main areas is acoustics deal with?  What forms can sound waves take in solids and fluids?

TASK 2: Waves transfer energy in different forms: some are very useful, while other can be deadly. Can you give any examples?

TASK 3: Can you explain how the SONAR works? Look at the diagram, describe the principle and give the English terms to the Czech ones.

Obrázek 14/ SONAR Principle

46

46

File:Sonar Principle-cs.svg. Wikimedia Commons [online]. 2010 [cit. 2015-06-04]. Dostupné z:

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Sonar_Principle-cs.svg

SOLUTION:

TASK 1: Acoustics deals with the production, control, transmission, reception, and effects of sound. It isn´t strictly musical or architectural in nature, it also covers a vast range of topics (noise control, SONAR for submarine navigation, ultrasounds for medical imaging, seismology, bioacoustics, and electroacoustic communication).


Dictionary English

Pronunciation

Czech

Deadly

ˈdedlɪ

smrtelný

Distance

ˈdɪstəns

vzdálenost

Object

ˈɒbdʒɪkt

předmět, objekt

Original wave

əˈrɪdʒɪnəl ˈweɪv

původní vlna

Reflected wave

rɪˈflektɪd ˈweɪv

odražená vlna

Sender

ˈsendə

vysílač

Sonar

ˈsəʊnɑː

sonar

Sonar receiver

ˈsəʊnɑː rɪˈsiːvə

přijímač sonaru

Useful

ˈjuːsfʊl

užitečný, prospěšný

Název projektu:


Číslo projektu:

CZ.1.07/1.1.00/44.0008

Téma:

Hearing

Účel:


Předmět:

Fyzika

Cílová skupina:





Ucho jako sluchový orgán

jazykový –

Describing a process

Pomůcky:


YEAR: 2.

WORKSHEET NO. 37

SUBJECT: Physics

Hearing

37. Hearing Hearing/auditory perception/audition is the ability to perceive sound by detecting vibrations, changes in the pressure of the surrounding medium through an organ such as the ear.

TASK 1: Name the most important parts of the ear.

Obrázek 15/ Ear Anatomy

47

The function of the ear is to convert physical vibration into an encoded nervous impulse. It can be thought of as a biological microphone.48

TASK 2: Read the text and give a simple description of ear function. http://www.webmd.com/brain/picture-of-the-ear 47

Ear - anatomy. Wikimedia Commons [online]. 2003 [cit. 2015-06-04]. Dostupné z:

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Ear#/media/File:Ear-anatomy.png 48

The Ear (Human Anatomy). Web MD [online]. 2015 [cit. 2015-06-04]. Dostupné z: http://www.webmd.com/brain/picture-of-the-ear

SOLUTION:

TASK 1: Outer ear, middle ear and inner ear 1 - skull 2 - ear canal 3 - pinna 4 - tympanum 5 - fenestra ovalis 6 - malleus 7 - incus 8 - stapes 9 labyrinth 10 - cochlea 11 - auditory nerve 12 - eustachian tube

Dictionary English

Pronunciation

Czech

Auditory nerve

ˈɔːdɪtərɪ ˈnɜːv

sluchový nerv

Cochlea

ˈkɒklɪə

hlemýžď (ve vnitřním uchu)

Ear canal

ˈɪə kəˈnæl

zvukovod

Eardrum (tympanum)

ˈɪəˌdrʌm (ˈtimpənəm)

ušní bubínek

Encode

ɪnˈkəʊd

zakódovat

Eustachian tube

juːˈsteɪʃ(ə)n ˈtjuːb

eustachova trubice

Hearing / audition

ˈhɪərɪŋ / ɔːˈdɪʃən

sluch

Incus

ˈɪŋkəs

kovadlinka

Inner ear

ˈɪnə ˈɪə

vnitřní ucho

Labyrinth

ˈlæbərɪnθ

labyrint

Malleus

ˈmalɪəs

kladívko

Middle ear

ˈmɪdəl ˈɪə

střední ucho

Nervous impulse

ˈnɜːvəs ˈɪmpʌls

nervový impulz

Outer ear (pinna)

ˈaʊtə ˈɪə (ˈpinə)

vnější ucho

ˈəʊvəl ˈwɪndəʊ

oválné okénko

Perceive

pəˈsiːv

vnímat

Skull

skʌl

lebka

Stapes

ˈsteɪpiːz

třmínek

Tiny

ˈtaɪnɪ

maličký

Oval window ovalis)

(Fenestra

Název projektu:


Číslo projektu:

CZ.1.07/1.1.00/44.0008

Téma:

Protection against Harmful Effects of Noise

Účel:


Předmět:

Fyzika

Cílová skupina:





Ochrana proti poškození sluchu

jazykový –

Doing a research on hearing

Pomůcky:


YEAR: 2.

WORKSHEET NO. 38

Protection against Harmful Effects of Noise

SUBJECT: Physics

38. Protection against Harmful effects of Noise The effects of noise on hearing vary among people. Some people's ears are more sensitive to loud sounds, especially at certain frequencies. (Frequency means how low or high a tone is.) But any sound that is loud enough and lasts long enough can damage hearing and lead to hearing loss. For example, a chain saw has a sound intensity of about 110 dB. Without proper hearing protection, running a chain saw for only 2 minutes can become dangerous to the human ear!49

TASK 1:  When the sound level become dangerous to the human ear?  What hearing protection can you use?  What is it a noise meter?

TASK 2: Check your hearing doing a simple test. http://www.starkey.com/online-hearing-test

49

Noise Induced Hearing Loss. Dangerous Decibels [online]. 2015 [cit. 2015-06-04]. Dostupné z: http://www.dangerousdecibels.org/education/information-center/noise-induced-hearing-loss/

SOLUTION:

TASK1: In general, sounds above 85 are harmful, depending on how long and how often you are exposed to them and whether you wear hearing protection, such as earplugs or earmuffs.

Dictionary English

Pronunciation

Czech

Among people

əˈmʌŋ ˈpiːpəl

mezi lidmi

Chain saw

ˈtʃeɪn ˈsɔː

řetězová/motorová pila

Damage

ˈdæmɪdʒ

poškodit

Earmuffs

ˈɪəˌmʌfs

klapky na uši, ochranná sluchátka

Earplug

ˈɪəˌplʌg

špunty do uší

Enough

ɪˈnʌf

dostatečně, dostatečný

Expose

ɪkˈspəʊz

vystavit

Harmful

ˈhɑːmfʊl

škodlivý

Hearing loss

ˈhɪərɪŋ ˈlɒs

ztráta sluchu

Last

lɑːst

trvat

Lead to

ˈliːd ˈtuː

vést k

Sensitive

ˈsensɪtɪv

citlivý

Whether

ˈweðə

zda, jestli

Název projektu:


Číslo projektu:

CZ.1.07/1.1.00/44.0008

Téma:

Summary

Účel:


Předmět:

Fyzika

Cílová skupina:




Cíle aktivity: obsahový – jazykový – Pomůcky:


YEAR: 2.

WORKSHEET NO. 39

Summary

SUBJECT: Physics

39. Summary TASK 1: Complete the text. Sound is a mechanical, 1)……………… wave which requires a 2).……….. Sound cannot propagate through

3)

………….. The speed of sound

depends upon the medium and its state. Sound usually travels fast in 4)

……….., faster in 5)………….., and fastest in 6)………….. The speed of

sound in air 7)………………. with temperature. A reflected sound wave is known as an 8)………….

TASK 2: A sound wave is different than a light wave in that a sound wave is a. produced by an oscillating object and a light wave is not. b. not capable of traveling through a vacuum. c. not capable of diffracting and a light wave is. d. capable of existing with a variety of frequencies and a light wave has a single frequency.50

50

Sound Waves and Music. The Physics Classroom [online]. 2015 [cit. 2015-06-04]. Dostupné z: http://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/sound

SOLUTION:

TASK 1: 1)longitudinal, 2)medium, 3)a vacuum, 4)gas, 5)liquids, 6)solids, 7)decreases, 8)echo

TASK 2: b)

Dictionary English

Pronunciation

Czech

Complete

kəmˈpliːt

doplnit, vyplnit

Diffract

dɪˈfrækt

ohýbat se, rozkládat

Echo

ˈekəʊ

ozvěna

Exist

ɪgˈzɪst

existovat, být

Fast

fɑːst

rychle

Reflected sound wave

rɪˈflektɪd ˈsaʊnd ˈweɪv

odražená zvuková vlna

State

steɪt

skupenství

Usually

ˈjuːʒʊəlɪ

obvykle

Název projektu:


Číslo projektu:

CZ.1.07/1.1.00/44.0008

Téma:

Review

Účel:


Předmět:

Fyzika

Cílová skupina:





Problémové úkoly k zamyšlení

jazykový –

Numbers, calculations

Pomůcky:


YEAR: 2.

WORKSHEET NO. 40

Review

SUBJECT: Physics

40. Review TASK 1: Check your understanding. Choose the correct answer. 1. A sound wave is a pressure wave; regions of high (compressions) and low pressure (rarefactions) are established as the result of the vibrations of the sound source. These compressions and rarefactions result because sound a. is more dense than air and thus has more inertia, causing the bunching up of sound. b. is like all waves; it is able to bend into the regions of space behind obstacles. c. vibrates longitudinally; the longitudinal movement of air produces pressure fluctuations.51 2. A mosquito's buzz is often rated with a decibel rating of 40 dB. Normal conversation is often rated at 60 dB. How many times more intense is normal conversation compared to a mosquito's buzz? a. 2 b. 20 c. 100 d. 200 e. 400 3. Doubling the frequency of a wave source doubles the speed of the waves. YES/NO SOLUTION: 51

Sound Waves and Music. The Physics Classroom [online]. 2015 [cit. 2015-06-04]. Dostupné z: http://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/sound

TASK 1: 1)c, 2) 100 times, 3)NO, speed is unaffected by the alteration in the frequency. The speed of a wave depends upon the properties of the medium.

Dictionary English

Pronunciation

Czech

Air

eə

vzduch, ovzduší

Bunch up

bʌntʃ ʌp

zmáčknout (se) (k sobě), shlukovat

Decibel rating

ˈdesɪbel ˈreɪtɪŋ

hodnocení v decibelech

Dense

dens

hustý

Double

ˈdʌbəl

zdvojnásobit

Fluctuation

ˌflʌktjʊˈeɪʃən

kolísání

Inertia

ɪnˈɜːʃə

setrvačnost

Mosquito

məˈskiːtəʊ

komár, moskyt

Obstacle

ˈɒbstəkəl

překážka, bariéra

Pressure wave

ˈpreʃə ˈweɪv

tlaková vlna

Source

sɔːs

zdroj

Název projektu:


Číslo projektu:

CZ.1.07/1.1.00/44.0008

Téma:

Light

Účel:


Předmět:

Fyzika

Cílová skupina:





Vlnová podstata světla

jazykový –

Comparing, using adjectives

Pomůcky:


YEAR: 2.

WORKSHEET NO. 41

Light

SUBJECT: Physics

41. Light How Do We Know Light is a Wave? An age-old debate that has persisted among scientists is related to the question, "Is light a wave or a stream of particles?" For example Newton’s corpuscular theory of light says that light consists of very tiny particles known as “corpuscular”. In 1679, Christian Huygens proposed the wave theory of light. The fact is that light exhibits behaviour that is characteristic of both waves and particles.52

TASK 1: What are the main similarities and differences of the sound and light waves?

TASK 2: A common measure of astronomical distances is the light-year. This is the distance a beam of light would travel in a vacuum in one year. Determine the size of a light-year in meters using the speed of light.

52

Light Waves and Colour. The Physics Classroom [online]. 2015 [cit. 2015-06-05]. Dostupné z:

http://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/light/Lesson-1/Wavelike-Behaviors-of-Light

Dictionary English

Pronunciation

Czech

Beam

biːm

paprsek, svazek paprsků

Behaviour

bɪˈheɪvjə

chování

Consist

kənˈsɪst

skládat se

Corpuscular theory of light kɔːˈpʌskjʊlə ˈθɪərɪ əv ˈlaɪt

Korpuskulární/částicová teorie světla

Exhibit

ɪgˈzɪbɪt

projevovat

Light

laɪt

světlo

Light-year

ˈlaɪt ˈjɪə

světelný rok

Persist

pəˈsɪst

přetrvávat, neustávat

Propose

prəˈpəʊz

navrhnout, předložit

Similarity

ˌsɪmɪˈlærɪtɪ

podobnost

Stream of particles

ˈstriːm əv ˈpɑːtɪkəlz

proud částic

Wave theory of light

ˈweɪv ˈ θɪərɪ əv ˈlaɪt

Vlnová teorie světla

Název projektu:


Číslo projektu:

CZ.1.07/1.1.00/44.0008

Téma:

Types of EM Radiation

Účel:


Předmět:

Fyzika

Cílová skupina:





Druhy EM záření

jazykový –

Revision of colours

Pomůcky:


YEAR: 2.

WORKSHEET NO. 42

SUBJECT: Physics

Types of EM Radiation

42. Types of EM Radiation Light usually refers to visible light, which is electromagnetic radiation that is visible to the human eye and is responsible for the sense of sight. It is defined as having a wavelength in the range of 400 to 700 nanometres.

TASK 1: In physics, the term light sometimes refers to electromagnetic radiation of any wavelength, whether visible or not. In this sense, gamma rays, X-rays, microwaves and radio waves are also light. Explain the words in blue and give examples of their practical use.

TASK 2: Label the diagram according to the colours.

Obrázek 16/ Visible Light Spectrum

53

53

File:Visible Light Spectrum. Wikimedia Commons [online]. 2012 [cit. 2015-06-05]. Dostupné z: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Visible_Light_Spectrum.jpg?uselang=cs

SOLUTION:


TASK 2:

Dictionary English

Pronunciation

Czech

Gamma ray

ˈgæmə ˈreɪ

gama paprsek

Infrared

ˌɪnfrəˈred

infračervené záření

Microwave

ˈmaɪkrəʊˌweɪv

mikrovlna

Nanometre

ˈnanə(ʊ)ˌmiːtə

nanometr

Radiation

ˌreɪdɪˈeɪʃən

záření

Radio waves

ˈreɪdɪəʊ ˈweɪvz

radiové vlny

Refer

rɪˈfɜː

vztahovat se, odkazovat

Responsible for

rɪˈspɒnsəbəl ˈfɔː

zodpovědný za

Sense

sens

smysl

Sight

saɪt

zrak, vidění

Ultraviolet

ˌʌltrəˈvaɪəlɪt

ultrafialové záření

Usually

ˈjuːʒʊəlɪ

obvykle

Visible

ˈvɪzɪbəl

viditelný

Whether … or

ˈweðə … ˈɔː

ať už … nebo

X-ray

ˈɛksreɪ

rentgenový paprsek

Název projektu:


Číslo projektu:

CZ.1.07/1.1.00/44.0008

Téma:

Reflection of Light

Účel:


Předmět:

Fyzika

Cílová skupina:





Odraz světla

jazykový –

Explaining physical law

Pomůcky:


YEAR: 2.

WORKSHEET NO. 43

Reflection of Light

SUBJECT: Physics

43. Reflection of Light If an object does not emit its own light (which accounts for most objects in the world), it must reflect light in order to be seen.

TASK 1: Fill in the missing words. Reflection involves two rays - an incoming or 1)............. ray and an outgoing or 2)............. ray.

TASK 2: Explain in own words what the law of reflection states. When light is reflected by a smooth, flat surface, it bounces off at 3)

............ angle as it hits.54

TASK 3: Explain the terms specular and diffuse reflection.

TASK 4: Explain what happens when the surface is rough. Draw a simple diagram of the reflected beams.

54

Light and Sound. IGCSE Physics [online]. 2012 [cit. 2015-06-07]. Dostupné z: http://askmichellephysics.blogspot.cz/2012/04/light-and-sound.html

SOLUTION:

TASK 1: 1) incident, 2) reflected

TASK 2: 3) the same

TASK 3: The reflection from a smooth, mirror-like surface is called specular. Reflection from a rough surface is called diffuse reflection and appears matte.


Dictionary English

Pronunciation

Czech

Angle

ˈæŋgəl

úhel

Appear

əˈpɪə

zdát se, jevit se

Bounce off

baʊns ɒf

odrazit se

Diffuse reflection

dɪˈfjuːs rɪˈflekʃən

rozptýlený (difúzní) odraz

Emit

ɪˈmɪt

vydávat, vyzařovat

Flat

flæt

plochý, rovný

Incident ray

ˈɪnsɪdənt ˈreɪ

dopadající paprsek

Incoming

ˈɪnˌkʌmɪŋ

příchozí

Involve

ɪnˈvɒlv

zahrnovat

Matte

mæt

matný

Mirror-like

ˈmɪrəˌlaɪk

jako zrcadlo

Outgoing

ˈaʊtˌgəʊɪŋ

odchozí

Reflect

rɪˈflekt

odrážet, zrcadlit

Reflected ray

rɪˈflektɪd ˈreɪ

odražený paprsek

Reflection

rɪˈflekʃən

odraz, zrcadlení

Rough

rʌf

drsný, hrbolatý

Smooth

smuːð

hladký

Specular reflection

ˈspɛkjʊlə rɪˈflekʃən

pravidelný (zrcadlový) odraz

Název projektu:


Číslo projektu:

CZ.1.07/1.1.00/44.0008

Téma:

Refraction of Light

Účel:


Předmět:

Fyzika

Cílová skupina:





Lom světla

jazykový –

Activating vocabulary

Pomůcky:


WORKSHEET NO. 44

YEAR: 2.

SUBJECT: Physics

Refraction of Light

44. Refraction of Light TASK 1: What is refraction?

TASK 2: Refraction is responsible for image formation by lenses and the eye. Can you explain why an object part immersed in water looks bent?

Obrázek 17/ Refraction Diagram

55

TASK 3: What it is the index of refraction? 56

55

File:Refracao.png. Wikimedia Commons [online]. 2014 [cit. 2015-06-07]. Dostupné z: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Refracao.png?uselang=cs 56 Light&Optics. Physics4Kids.com [online]. 2015 [cit. 2015-06-07]. Dostupné z: http://www.physics4kids.com/files/light_refract.html

SOLUTION:

TASK 1: When light moves from one substance to another it changes speed and direction. That change in direction is called refraction.


TASK 3: The index of refraction is the relation between the speed of light in a vacuum and the speed of light in a substance.

Dictionary English

Pronunciation

Czech

Bent

bent

ohnutý

Image formation

ˈɪmɪdʒ fɔːˈmeɪʃən

zobrazování

Immersed

ɪˈmɜːst

ponořený

Incident angle

ˈɪnsɪdənt ˈæŋgəl

úhel dopadu

Index of refraction

ˈɪndeks əv rɪˈfrækʃən

index lomu

Lens

lenz

čočka

Look

lʊk

vypadat

Part

pɑːt

část

Refraction

rɪˈfrækʃən

lom

Refractive angle

rɪˈfraktɪv ˈæŋgəl

úhel lomu

Název projektu:


Číslo projektu:

CZ.1.07/1.1.00/44.0008

Téma:

White Light Dispersion

Účel:


Předmět:

Fyzika

Cílová skupina:





Shrnutí poznatků o rozkladu světla

jazykový –

Explaining process

Pomůcky:


WORKSHEET NO. 45

YEAR: 2.

SUBJECT: Physics

White Light Dispersion

45. White Light Dispersion

Obrázek 18/ White Light Dispersion

57

TASK 1: Explain the process of light dispersion putting the sentences to the correct order. a) In vacuum light of any wavelength will travel at a fixed speed. b) Since light of different wavelengths will change direction by a different amount, we will experience a division of white light in its composing spectral colours. c) But light slows down in a different medium (such as glass or water), light of shorter wavelengths (like indigo) will tend to travel slower than light of longer wavelengths (like red).

57

File:Light dispersion conceptual.gif. Wikimedia Commons [online]. 2008 [cit. 2015-06-07]. Dostupné z: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Light_dispersion_conceptual.gif?uselang=cs

d) As white light enters a medium (in this case, the prism), each of its composing wavelengths will travel at a different speed in the new medium. e) White light is actually made out of light of several frequencies (colours) travelling together.58

58

File:Light dispersion conceptual.gif. Wikimedia Commons [online]. 2008 [cit. 2015-06-07]. Dostupné z: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Light_dispersion_conceptual.gif?uselang=cs

SOLUTION:

TASK 1: A, C, E, D, B

Dictionary English

Pronunciation

Czech

Be composed of

ˈbiː kəmˈpəʊzd ˈɒv

skládat se z

Division

dɪˈvɪʒən

Rozdělení (na části)

Enter

ˈentə

vstoupit

Fixed

fɪkst

neměnný, stálý

Indigo

ˈɪndɪˌgəʊ

indigová modř

Order

ˈɔːdə

pořadí, uspořádání

Prism

ˈprɪzəm

hranol

Several

ˈsevrəl

několik

Since

sɪns

protože, vzhledem k tomu, že

Spectral

ˈspektrəl

spektrální

Tend

tend

mít sklon

White light dispersion

ˈwaɪt ˈlaɪt dɪˈspɜːʃən

rozklad bílého světla

Název projektu:


Číslo projektu:

CZ.1.07/1.1.00/44.0008

Téma:

Interference of Light

Účel:


Předmět:

Fyzika

Cílová skupina:





Podstata a využití interference světla

jazykový –

Making Hypothesis

Pomůcky:


YEAR: 2.

WORKSHEET NO. 46

Interference of Light

SUBJECT: Physics

46. Interference of light TASK 1: Work with your partner. Together make hypothesis about the wave behaviour answering the following questions. What happens when two waves meet while they travel through the same medium? What effect will the meeting of the waves have upon the appearance of the medium?

TASK 2: Draw simple diagrams of constructive and destructive interference and explain the difference between them.

TASK 3: What are examples of interference of light in our daily life?

You may not know The phenomenon of light-wave interference surfaces has a number of applications in areas relating to optics. In each case, unfiltered light could be harmful or, at least, inconvenient for the user, and the destructive interference eliminates certain colours and unwanted reflections.59

59

Real-life applications-Interference. Science Clarified [online]. 2015 [cit. 2015-06-07]. Dostupné z: http://www.scienceclarified.com/everyday/Real-Life-Physics-Vol-2/Interference-Real-lifeapplications.html

SOLUTION:

TASK 1: Wave interference is the phenomenon that occurs when two waves meet while traveling along the same medium. The interference of waves causes the medium to take on a shape that results from the net effect of the two individual waves upon the particles of the medium.

TASK 2: Constructive interference is a type of interference that occurs at any location along the medium where the two interfering waves have a displacement in the same direction. Destructive interference occurs where the two interfering waves have a displacement in the opposite direction.

TASK 3: The coloured patterns you see when oil spreads on water or the coloured reflection you see from the objective lenses of binoculars.

Dictionary English

Pronunciation

Czech

Appearance

əˈpɪərəns

vzhled

Binocular

bɪˈnɒkjʊləz / baɪ-

dalekohled

Certain

ˈsɜːtən

určitý

Eliminate

ɪˈlɪmɪˌneɪt

odstranit, eliminovat

Inconvenient

ˌɪnkənˈviːnjənt ˌɪnkənˈviːnɪənt

nevyhovující

Interference of light

ˌɪntəˈfɪərəns ˈɒv ˈlaɪt

skládání (interference) světla

Optics

ˈɒptɪks

optika

Phenomenon

fɪˈnɒmɪnən

jev, úkaz

User

ˈjuːzə

uživatel

While

waɪl

zatímco

Název projektu:


Číslo projektu:

CZ.1.07/1.1.00/44.0008

Téma:

Mirrors

Účel:


Předmět:

Fyzika

Cílová skupina:





Grafické znázornění zobrazení zrcadlem

jazykový –

Following instructions

Pomůcky:


YEAR: 2.

WORKSHEET NO. 47

Mirrors

SUBJECT: Physics

47. Mirrors A mirror is an object that reflects light in such a way that the reflected light preserves many or most of the detailed physical characteristics of the original light.

TASK 1: Do other light-reflecting objects also preserve most of the original wave signal? If you look in a mirror and part your hair to your left, what will other people see?

TASK 2: Construct the ray diagram to illustrate the formation of a virtual image in a plane mirror. Follow the instructions.  First draw your object, a short straight line and a plane mirror in the centre.  Draw 2- 3 light rays as straight lines from the 2 ends of your line 

Reflect this off the plane mirror in the centre of your page. (Remember the law of reflection, the angle of incidence=the angle of reflection.)

 Then extend these reflected light rays beyond the plane mirror. Well where the dotted lines meet behind the mirror will form the 2 ends of the virtual image of your object. Try it!60 60

Light and Sound. IGCSE Physics [online]. 2012 [cit. 2015-06-07]. Dostupné z: http://askmichellephysics.blogspot.cz/2012/04/light-and-sound.html

SOLUTION:

TASK 1: No, they do not preserve much of the original wave signal other than colour and diffuse reflected light. When people see you they actually see the hair parting as to the right.

TASK 2: The virtual image is the same size as the object, but is laterally inverted.

Dictionary English

Pronunciation

Czech

Beyond

bɪˈjɒnd

za

Characteristics

ˌkærɪktəˈrɪstɪks

rysy, znaky

Construct

kənˈstrʌkt

sestrojit, vytvořit

Diffuse

dɪˈfjuːz

rozptýlit

Dotted line

ˈdɒtɪd ˈlaɪn

tečkovaná čára

Extend

ɪkˈstend

táhnout, prodloužit

Inverted

ɪnˈvɜːtɪd

převrácený

Laterally

ˈlætərəlɪ

bočně

Mirror

ˈmɪrə

zrcadlo, zrcátko

Part one’s hair

ˈpɑːt ˈwʌnz ˈheə

učesat si pěšinku

Plane mirror

ˈpleɪn ˈmɪrə

rovinné zrcadlo

Preserve

prɪˈzɜːv

zachovat, uchovat

Virtual image

ˈvɜːtʃʊəl ˈɪmɪdʒ

zdánlivý obraz

Název projektu:


Číslo projektu:

CZ.1.07/1.1.00/44.0008

Téma:

Types of Mirrors

Účel:


Předmět:

Fyzika

Cílová skupina:





Druhy zrcadel

jazykový –

Comparing, linking words

Pomůcky:


WORKSHEET NO. 48

YEAR: 2.

SUBJECT: Physics

Types of Mirrors

48. Types of Mirrors According to the shape of mirror´s surface we can distinguish the following types – plane, convex and concave mirrors.

TASK 1: Characterize each mirror type mirror type

surface shape

image

use

plane convex concave

TASK 2: Check your understanding. 1. The image of an object is found to be upright and reduced in size. What type of mirror is used to produce such an image? 2. How can a plane mirror, concave mirror, and/or convex mirror be used to produce a real image?61 SOLUTION:

61

Reflection and the Ray model of Light. The Physics Classroom [online]. 2015 [cit. 2015-06-07].

Dostupné z: http://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/refln/Lesson-4/Image-Characteristics-for-ConvexMirrors

TASK 1: A plane mirror - flat reflective surface, a real object always produces an image that is virtual, erect and of the same size as the object. A convex mirror, which bulges outward, reflects a slightly distorted image that's smaller than actual size. Convex mirrors have many uses e.g. safety mirrors, mirrors in dressing rooms etc. A concave mirror curves inward like a spoon, the size, nature, and position of an image depend on the position of the object in relation to the principal focus and the centre of curvature.

TASK 2: 1.

Only a convex mirror could produce such an image.

(The upright

images produced by concave mirrors are magnified images. And the upright images produced by plane mirrors have the same size as the object). 2.

Only a concave mirror is capable of producing a real image

(this

only occurs if the object is located a distance greater than a focal length from the mirror's surface).

Dictionary English

Pronunciation

Czech

Actual

ˈæktʃʊəl

skutečný

Bulge

bʌldʒ

být vyboulený, vypoulit

Concave mirror

ˈkɒnkeɪv ˈmɪrə

konkávní (vyduté) zrcadlo

Convex mirror

ˈkɒnveks ˈmɪrə

konvexní (vypouklé) zrcadlo

Curvature

ˈkɜːvətʃə

zakřivení

Curve

kɜːv

stáčet se, křivit se

Distorted

dɪˈstɔːtɪd

zkreslený, zkomolený

Dressing room

ˈdresɪŋ ˈruːm

šatna

Erect

ɪˈrekt

vzpřímený

Focal length

ˈfəʊkəl ˈleŋ(k)θ

ohnisková vzdálenost

Focus

ˈfəʊkəs

ohnisko

Image

ˈɪmɪdʒ

obraz

Inward

ˈɪnwəd

směrem dovnitř

Magnify

ˈmægnɪˌfaɪ

zvětšit

Outward

ˈaʊtwəd

směrem ven, vně

Plane mirror

ˈpleɪn ˈmɪrə

rovinné zrcadlo

Real

ˈrɪəl

skutečný, reálný

Reflect

rɪˈflekt

odrážet, zrcadlit

Slightly

ˈslaɪtlɪ

trochu

Surface

ˈsɜːfɪs

povrch, plocha

Upright

ˈʌpˌraɪt

přímý (obraz)

Use

juːs

využití

Název projektu:


Číslo projektu:

CZ.1.07/1.1.00/44.0008

Téma:

Image Formation for Concave Mirror

Účel:


Předmět:

Fyzika

Cílová skupina:





Podstata zobrazování dutým zrcadlem

jazykový –

Preposition of Place

Pomůcky:


WORKSHEET NO. 49

YEAR: 2.

Image Formation for Concave Mirror

SUBJECT: Physics

49. Image Formation for Concave Mirror TASK 1: Revise the following terms: concave mirror, principal axis, focal point, radius of curvature, centre of curvature, focal length. There is a definite relationship between the image characteristics and the location where an object is placed in front of a concave mirror. The possible object locations are divided into five general areas or points: Case 1: the object is located beyond the centre of curvature (C) Case 2: the object is located at the centre of curvature (C) Case 3: the object is located between the centre of curvature (C) and the focal point (F) Case 4: the object is located at the focal point (F) Case 5: the object is located in front of the focal point (F)62

62

Image Characteristics for Concave Mirrors. The Physics Classroom [online]. 2015 [cit. 2015-06-07]. Dostupné z: http://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/refln/Lesson-3/Image-Characteristics-forConcave-Mirrors

TASK 2: Determine the general location, size, orientation, and type of image formed by concave mirrors.

63

Obrázek 19/ Concave Mirror Image

63

File:Concavo4.png. Wikimedia Commons [online]. 2010 [cit. 2015-06-07]. Dostupné z:

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Concavo_4.png?uselang=cs

Dictionary English

Pronunciation

Czech

Centre (AmE: center) of curvature

ˈsentə ˈɒv ˈkɜːvətʃə

střed křivosti

Determine

dɪˈtɜːmɪn

určit

Focal length

ˈfəʊkəl ˈleŋ(k)θ

ohnisková vzdálenost

Focal point

ˈfəʊkəl ˈpɔɪnt

ohnisko

Image formation for concave mirror

ˈɪmɪdʒ fɔːˈmeɪʃən ˈfɔː ˈkɒnkeɪv ˈmɪrə

zobrazování vydutým zrcadlem

Location

ləʊˈkeɪʃən

umístění, poloha

Principal axis

ˈprɪnsɪpəl ˈæksɪs

hlavní (tj. optická) osa

Radius

ˈreɪdɪəs

poloměr

Název projektu:


Číslo projektu:

CZ.1.07/1.1.00/44.0008

Téma:

Image Formation for Convex Mirror

Účel:


Předmět:

Fyzika

Cílová skupina:





Zobrazování vypouklým zrcadlem

jazykový –


Pomůcky:


WORKSHEET NO. 50

YEAR: 2.

Image Formation for Convex Mirror

SUBJECT: Physics

50. Image Formation for Convex Mirror TASK 1: Revise the following terms: concave mirror, principal axis, focal point, radius of curvature, centre of curvature, focal length.

TASK 2: What is the difference between concave and convex mirror? Why the convex mirror is said to have a negative focal length value?

TASK 3: Does the location of the object affect the characteristics of the image? What do the images for convex mirror look like?

TASK 4: Check your understanding. 1. How can a plane mirror, concave mirror, and/or convex mirror be used to produce an image that has the same size as the object?

2. How can a plane mirror, concave mirror, and/or convex mirror be used to produce an upright image?64 SOLUTION:

TASK 2: Since the focal point is located behind the convex mirror.

TASK 3: The location of the object does not affect the characteristics of the image, so they are easily predictable: located behind the convex mirror, virtual image, an upright image, reduced in size (smaller than the object)

TASK 4: 1) Plane mirrors will always do this. 2) Concave mirrors will do this when the object is at C or when the object is right on the mirror surface. 3) Convex mirrors will only do this when the object is right on the mirror surface. 4) Plane mirrors and convex mirrors will always produce an upright image. A concave mirror will only produce an upright image if the object is located in front of the focal point.

64

Image Characteristics for Convex Mirrors. The Physics Classroom [online]. 2015 [cit. 2015-06-07]. Dostupné z: http://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/refln/Lesson-4/Image-Characteristics-for-ConvexMirrors

Dictionary English

Pronunciation

Czech

Behind

bɪˈhaɪnd

za

Convex

ˈkɒnveks

vypouklý

Image formation for convex mirror

ˈɪmɪdʒ fɔːˈmeɪʃən ˈfɔː ˈkɒnveks ˈmɪrə

zobrazování vypouklým zrcadlem

In front of

ˈɪn ˈfrʌnt ˈɒv

Před

Locate

ləʊˈkeɪt

umístit

Look like

lʊk laɪk

vypadat

Object

ˈɒbdʒɪkt

předmět, objekt

Predictable

prɪˈdɪktəbəl

předvídatelný

Understanding

ˌʌndəˈstændɪŋ

porozumění

Virtual image

ˈvɜːtʃʊəl ˈɪmɪdʒ

zdánlivý obraz

Název projektu:


Číslo projektu:

CZ.1.07/1.1.00/44.0008

Téma:

Mirror Equation

Účel:


Předmět:

Fyzika

Cílová skupina:





Příklady na výpočet zobrazovací rovnice

jazykový –

Revision of numbers, calculations

Pomůcky:


YEAR: 2.

WORKSHEET NO. 51

Mirror Equation

SUBJECT: Physics

51. Mirror Equation TASK 1: What do we use Ray diagrams for?

TASK 2: To obtain the numerical information about image distance and object size it is necessary to use the Mirror Equation and the Magnification Equation. What does each equation express? Give the formulas.

TASK 3: Check your understanding. 1. A convex mirror has a focal length of -10.8 cm. An object is placed 32.7 cm from the mirror's surface. Determine the image distance. 2. A focal point is located 20.0 cm from a convex mirror. An object is placed 12 cm from the mirror. Determine the image distance.65

65

The Mirror Equation. The Physics Classroom [online]. 2015 [cit. 2015-06-07]. Dostupné z: http://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/refln/Lesson-3/The-Mirror-Equation

SOLUTION:

TASK 1: Ray diagrams can be used to determine the image location, size, orientation and type of image formed of objects when placed at a given location in front of a mirror.

TASK 2: The mirror equation expresses the quantitative relationship between the object distance (do), the image distance (di), and the focal length (f). The equation is stated as follows: 1/f = 1/do + 1/di The magnification equation relates the ratio of the image distance and object distance to the ratio of the image height (hi) and object height (ho). The equation is stated as follows: M= hi/ho = -di/do

TASK 3: 1. di = -8.1 cm Use the equation 1/f = 1/do + 1/di where f = -10.8 cm and do = + 32.7 cm Substitute and solve for di. 2. di = -7.5 cm Use the equation 1/f = 1/do + 1/di where f = - 20.0 cm and do = +12.0 cm (Careful: convex mirrors have focal lengths which are negative.) Substitute and solve for di.

Dictionary English

Pronunciation

Czech

Check

tʃek

ověřit si

Express

ɪkˈspres

vyjádřit

Focal

ˈfəʊkəl

ohniskový

Height

haɪt

výška

Magnification equation

ˌmægnɪfɪˈkeɪʃən ɪˈkweɪʒən

příčné zvětšení

Mirror equation

ˈmɪrə ɪˈkweɪʒən

zobrazovací rovnice

Necessary

ˈnesɪsərɪ

nezbytný

Negative

ˈnegətɪv

záporný

Numerical

njuːˈmerɪkəl

číselný

Obtain

əbˈteɪn

získat

Ratio

ˈreɪʃɪˌəʊ

poměr, podíl

Ray diagram

ˈreɪ ˈdaɪəˌgræm

optické zobrazení

Relationship

rɪˈleɪʃənʃɪp

vztah

Název projektu:


Číslo projektu:

CZ.1.07/1.1.00/44.0008

Téma:

Lenses

Účel:


Předmět:

Fyzika

Cílová skupina:





Čočky a jejich struktura

jazykový –

Working with the English website

Pomůcky:


YEAR: 2.

WORKSHEET NO. 52

Lenses

SUBJECT: Physics

52. Lenses A lens is an optical device which affects the focusing of a light beam through refraction. Lenses are made from transparent materials such as glass and polished to a desired shape.

TASK 1: Explain the difference between diverging and converging lens.

TASK 2: Draw a simple diagram showing a lens anatomy. Label its parts with the terms: principal axis, vertical axis, focal point, focal length.

TASK 3: What are the most common types of lenses?

TASK 4: Use the Find the Image Distance widget to investigate the effect of focal length and object distance upon the image distance. http://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/refrn/Lesson-5/TheMathematics-of-Lenses66

66

The Anatomy of a Lens. The Physics Classroom [online]. 2015 [cit. 2015-06-08]. Dostupné z: http://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/refrn/Lesson-5/The-Anatomy-of-a-Lens

SOLUTION:

TASK 1: A converging lens converges rays of light that are traveling parallel to its principal axis. A diverging lens diverges rays of light that are traveling parallel to its principal axis.

TASK 2: Ss´ own drawings

TASK 3: A double convex and a double concave lens.

Dictionary English

Pronunciation

Czech

Affect

əˈfekt

ovlivňovat

Common

ˈkɒmən

společný

Converge

kənˈvɜːdʒ

sbíhat, soustředit

Converging lens

kənˈvɜːdʒɪŋ ˈlenz

spojka

Desired

dɪˈzaɪəd

požadovaný

Diverge

daɪˈvɜːdʒ

rozbíhat

Diverging lens

daɪˈvɜːdʒɪŋ ˈlenz

rozptylka

Double concave lens

ˈdʌbəl ˈkɒnkeɪv ˈlenz

dvojdutá čočka

Double convex lens

ˈdʌbəl ˈkɒnveks ˈlenz

dvojvypuklá čočka

Focus

ˈfəʊkəs

zaměřit, zaostřit

Investigate

ɪnˈvestɪˌgeɪt

(pro)zkoumat

Label

ˈleɪbəl

označit

Light beam

ˈlaɪt ˈbiːm

světelný paprsek

Optical device

ˈɒptɪkəl dɪˈvaɪs

optický přístroj

Polished

ˈpɒlɪʃt

vyleštěný

Shape

ʃeɪp

tvar

Transparent

trænsˈpærənt

průhledný

Vertical axis

ˈvɜːtɪkəl ˈæksɪs

svislá osa

Widget

ˈwɪdʒɪt

věcička, udělátko

Název projektu:


Číslo projektu:

CZ.1.07/1.1.00/44.0008

Téma:

Types of Lenses

Účel:


Předmět:

Fyzika

Cílová skupina:





Základní druhy čoček

jazykový –

Using specific vocabulary, drilling pronunciation

Pomůcky:


WORKSHEET NO. 53

YEAR: 2.

SUBJECT: Physics

Types of Lenses

53. Types of Lenses Lenses are classified by the curvature of the two optical surfaces.

TASK 1: Complete the sentences with the types of lenses A lens is 1)…………………… if both surfaces are convex. A lens with two 2)

…………… surfaces is 3)………………… If one of the surfaces is flat, the

lens is 4)………………… depending on the curvature of the other surface. A lens with one convex and one concave side is 5)………………….

TASK 2: Label the lenses types

Obrázek 20/ Types of Lenses

67

SOLUTION: 67

File:Types of lenses (7) svg. Wikimedia Commons [online]. 2011 [cit. 2015-06-08]. Dostupné z: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Types_of_lenses_(7).svg?uselang=cs

TASK 1: 1) biconvex or double convex, 2) concave, 3) biconcave or double concave, 4) plano – convex or plano – concave, 5) meniscus

TASK 2: 1. biconvex, 2. biconcave, 3. negative meniscus, 4. plano – concave, 5. plano – convex, 6. positive meniscus, 7. converging meniscus

Dictionary English Biconcave / double concave Biconvex / double convex

Pronunciation bʌɪˈkɒnkeɪv / ˈdʌbəl ˈkɒnkeɪv bʌɪˈkɒnveks / ˈdʌbəl ˈkɒnveks

Czech dvojdutý, dvojvydutý dvojvypuklý

Classify

ˈklæsɪˌfaɪ

třídit

Convex-concave / meniscus

ˈkɒnveks ˈkɒnkeɪv / mɪˈnɪskəs

vypuklodutý

Plano-concave

ˌpleɪnəʊˈkɒnkeɪv

ploskodutý

Plano-convex

ˌpleɪnəʊˈkɒnveks

ploskovypuklý

Side

saɪd

strana

Surface

ˈsɜːfɪs

povrch, plocha

Název projektu:


Číslo projektu:

CZ.1.07/1.1.00/44.0008

Téma:

Convex Lens Image Formation

Účel:


Předmět:

Fyzika

Cílová skupina:





Aktivizace poznatků o zobrazování zrcadly

jazykový –

Revision of prepositions

Pomůcky:


WORKSHEET NO. 54

YEAR: 2.

Convex Lens Image Formation

SUBJECT: Physics

54. Convex Lens Image Formation TASK 1: Revise the following terms: converging/diverging lenses, convex lens, focal point, focal length, parallel axis,

TASK 2: Decide if the statements are true or false. 1. Diverging lenses can produce both real and virtual images. 2. Converging lenses can only produce virtual images. 3. The process by which images are formed for lenses is the same as the process by which images are formed for plane and curved mirrors.68

TASK 3: Remind the object – image relations. Complete the table. object position

68

image characteristics

Converging Lenses. The Physics Classroom [online]. 2015 [cit. 2015-06-08]. Dostupné z: http://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/refrn/Lesson-5/Converging-Lenses-Object-Image-Relations

SOLUTION:

TASK 2: 1F, 2F, 3T

TASK 3: object position beyond the 2F point at the 2F point between 2F point and the focal point F at the focal point F in front of the focal point F

image characteristics inverted, reduced in size inverted, real size inverted, larger no image is formed behind the object, upright, enlarged

Dictionary English

Pronunciation

Czech

Both … and

bəʊθ … ænd

jak … tak, nejen … také

Inverted

ɪnˈvɜːtɪd

převrácený

Process

ˈprəʊses

proces

Real

ˈrɪəl

skutečný, reálný

Relation

rɪˈleɪʃən

spojitost, vztah

Remind

rɪˈmaɪnd

připomenout

Revise

rɪˈvaɪz

zopakovat si

Table

ˈteɪbəl

tabulka

Upright

ˈʌpˌraɪt

přímý (obraz)

Název projektu:


Číslo projektu:

CZ.1.07/1.1.00/44.0008

Téma:

Concave Lens Image Formation

Účel:


Předmět:

Fyzika

Cílová skupina:





Rozdíly v zobrazování různými čočkami

jazykový –

Conditional constructions

Pomůcky:


WORKSHEET NO. 55

YEAR: 2.

SUBJECT: Concave Lens Image Formation Physics

55. Concave Lens Image Formation TASK 1: Explain

the

following

terms,

give

the

Czech

equivalents:

converging/diverging lenses, convex lens, focal point, focal length, parallel axis

TASK 2: Answer the questions.  What type of image will be formed by double concave/diverging lenses?  Will the characteristics of the image be affected if the location of an object is changed?  Will a variation in object distance affects the image distance and size?

TASK 3: Check your understanding.  How can a converging lens and/or diverging lens be used to produce a magnified image?  How can a plane mirror, concave mirror, convex mirror, converging lens and/or diverging lens be used to produce an upright image?

SOLUTION:

TASK 2: The image is located on the object' side of the lens, it´s a virtual upright image, reduced in size (smaller than the object). The location and distance of the object will not affect the characteristics of the image.

TASK 3: Converging lenses will only do this when the object is in front of 2F. A converging lens will only produce an upright image if the object is located in front of the focal point.

Dictionary English

Pronunciation

Czech

Answer

ˈɑːnsə

odpovědět

Czech

tʃek

český

Equivalent

ɪˈkwɪvələnt

protějšek, ekvivalent

Form

fɔːm

vytvořit

Magnified

ˈmægnɪˌfaɪd

zvětšený

Parallel axis

ˈpærəˌlel ˈæksɪs

paralelní, rovnoběžná osa

Question

ˈkwestʃən

otázka

Variation

ˌveərɪˈeɪʃən

odchylka, změna

Název projektu:


Číslo projektu:

CZ.1.07/1.1.00/44.0008

Téma:

Lens Dioptric Power

Účel:


Předmět:

Fyzika

Cílová skupina:





Aplikace zobrazovací rovnice

jazykový –

Converting units, revision of numbers

Pomůcky:


YEAR: 2.

WORKSHEET NO. 56

Lens Dioptric Power

SUBJECT: Physics

56. Lens Dioptric Power TASK 1: Revision of terms: give the English equivalents to the Czech terms. čočka, rozptylka, spojka, optická osa, ohnisková vzdálenost, střed čočky, poloměr zakřivení čočky Optical power (also referred to as dioptric power) is the degree to which a lens, mirror, or other optical system converges or diverges light. The optical power of a converging lens is positive while the optical power of a diverging lens is negative.

TASK 2:  Give the formula for calculating the optical power.  What is its unit?  What other terms for optical power are used?

TASK 3: Check your understanding. A converging lens has a focal length of 25 cm. Determine its optical power.69

69

Optical Power. Physics 534 Ansrwers [online]. 1999 [cit. 2015-06-09]. Dostupné z: http://www.emsb.qc.ca/laurenhill/physics/AnsPhysics%20Ex-54%20Optical%20Power.pdf

SOLUTION:

TASK 2: Optical power (refractive power, focusing power, or convergence power) formula is P = 1/f, its unit is dioptre δ

TASK 3: Convert 25 cm to 0.25 m, P = 1/f = 1/0.25 = 4δ

Dictionary English

Pronunciation

Czech

Concave / diverging lens

ˈkɒnkeɪv / daɪˈvɜːdʒɪŋ ˈlenz rozptylka

Converge

kənˈvɜːdʒ

sbíhat, soustředit

Convex / converging lens

ˈkɒnveks / kənˈvɜːdʒɪŋ ˈlenz

spojka

Degree

dɪˈgriː

stupeň, míra

Dioptre

dʌɪˈɒptə

dioptrie

Diverge

daɪˈvɜːdʒ

rozbíhat

Lens dioptric power

ˈlenz dʌɪˈɒptrɪk ˈpaʊə

optická mohutnost čočky

Negative

ˈnegətɪv

záporný

Positive

ˈpɒzɪtɪv

kladný

Revision

rɪˈvɪʒən

opakování

Název projektu:


Číslo projektu:

CZ.1.07/1.1.00/44.0008

Téma:

Lenses Aberrations

Účel:


Předmět:

Fyzika

Cílová skupina:





Poruchy čoček

jazykový –

Revision of passive

Pomůcky:


WORKSHEET NO. 57

YEAR: 2.

SUBJECT: Physics

Lenses Aberrations

57. Lenses Aberrations Lenses do not form perfect images, and there is always some degree of distortion or aberration which causes the image to be an imperfect replica of the object. However, it can be minimized by careful design of the lens system.

TASK 1: Look at the diagrams below and describe them. How can be each aberration corrected?

Obrázek 21/ Lenses Aberrations

70

70

File:Lenses aberrations. Wikimedia Commons [online]. 1999 [cit. 2015-06-11]. Dostupné z: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Lens6a.svg?uselang=cs

SOLUTION:

TASK 1: Spherical aberration causes beams parallel to, but distant from, the lens axis to be focused in a slightly different place than beams close to the axis. Spherical aberration can be minimised by careful choice of the curvature of the surfaces for a particular application. Chromatic aberration is caused by the dispersion of the lens material—the variation of its refractive index, n, with the wavelength of light. It can be minimised by using an achromatic doublet.

Dictionary English

Pronunciation

Czech

Aberration

ˌæbəˈreɪʃən

odchylka, vada

Achromatic doublet

ˌakrə(ʊ)ˈmatɪk ˈdʌblɪt

achromatický dublet, achromát

Careful

ˈkeəfʊl

opatrný, pečlivý

Chromatic

krəˈmætɪk

barevný

Close

kləʊz

blízký

Dispersion

dɪˈspɜːʃən

rozklad (světla)

Distortion

dɪˈstɔːʃən

zkreslení, pokřivení

Minimize (BrE also minimise)

ˈmɪnɪˌmaɪz

snížit na minimum

Particular

pəˈtɪkjʊlə

konkrétní

Perfect x imperfect

ˈpɜːfɪkt x ɪmˈpɜːfɪkt

dokonalý x nedokonalý

Refractive index

rɪˈfræktɪv ˈɪndeks

index lomu

Replica

ˈreplɪkə

replika, kopie

Spherical

ˈsferɪkəl

sférický, kulový

Název projektu:


Číslo projektu:

CZ.1.07/1.1.00/44.0008

Téma:

Eye

Účel:


Předmět:

Fyzika

Cílová skupina:





Oko, jeho části a funkce

jazykový –

Group work with distribution of roles/responsibilities

Pomůcky:


YEAR: 2.

WORKSHEET NO. 58

Eye

SUBJECT: Physics

58. Eye THINK!  Why is it useful to have moving eyes?  How can spectacles improve people's vision?  When you walk into a dark room after being outside in bright sunshine, how do your pupils respond? Work in groups. Look the required information up on the website and do the tasks. Tell the other groups about your findings. http://www.regentsprep.org/regents/physics/phys09/ceyes/default. htm

TASK 1: Group 1. List the main parts of the human eye and describe their function.

TASK 2: Group 2. What is the retina´s nerve cells role?

TASK 3: Group 3. How is the image formed?71

71

Vision & Eyesight. Regentsprep.org [online]. 1999 [cit. 2015-06-09]. Dostupné z: http://www.regentsprep.org/regents/physics/phys09/ceyes/image.htm

SOLUTION: Ss´ own answers

Dictionary English

Pronunciation

Czech

Astigmatism

əˈstɪgməˌtɪzəm

astigmatismus

Blind spot

ˈblaɪnd ˈspɒt

slepá skvrna

Blur

blɜː

rozmazat (se)

Cell

ˈsel

buňka

Cone

kəʊn

čípek

Cornea

ˈkɔːnɪə

rohovka

Hyperopia / farsightedness

ˌhʌɪpərˈəʊpɪə / ˌfɑːˈsaɪtɪdnəs

dalekozrakost

Improve

ɪmˈpruːv

zlepšit

Iris

ˈaɪrɪs

duhovka

Myopia / nearsightedness

maɪˈəʊpɪə / ˌnɪəˈsaɪtɪdnəs

krátkozrakost

Optic nerve

ˈɒptɪk ˈnɜːv

zrakový nerv

Pupil

ˈpjuːpəl

zornice

Respond

rɪˈspɒnd

odpovědět

Retina

ˈretɪnə

sítnice

Rod

rɒd

tyčinka

Spectacles

ˈspektəkəlz

brýle

Vision

ˈvɪʒən

vidění, zrak

Název projektu:


Číslo projektu:

CZ.1.07/1.1.00/44.0008

Téma:

Eye defects

Účel:


Předmět:

Fyzika

Cílová skupina:





Vady zraku

jazykový –


Pomůcky:


WORKSHEET NO. 59

YEAR: 2.

SUBJECT: Physics

Eye Defects

59. Eye Defects TASK 1: Complete the table Myopia

Hypermetropia Presbyopia

Astigmatism

symptoms correlation

TASK 2: What eye defect is shown in each diagram?

Obrázek 22/ Defects of Vision

72

72

Defects of vision. Wikimedia Commons [online]. 2010 [cit. 2015-06-09]. Dostupné z: ommons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Physics

SOLUTION:

TASK 1: symptoms

correlation

Myopia a person sees near objects clearly while distant objects appear blurred.

by using a concave (diverging) lens

Hypermetropia a person sees near objects with blurred vision, while distant objects appear in sharp focus by using a convex (converging) lens

Presbyopia progressive form of farsightedness that affects most people by their early 60s

Astigmatism a person cannot simultaneously focus on both horizontal and vertical lines

by using bi-focal lenses

by using eyeglasses with cylindrical lenses

TASK 2: From the left to the right: myopia, astigmatism, hypermetropia

Dictionary English

Pronunciation

Czech

Bi-focal lens

bʌɪˈfəʊk(ə)l ˈlenz

bifokální čočka

Cylindrical lens

sɪˈlɪndrɪkəl ˈlenz

cylidrická čočka

Eye defect

ˈaɪ dɪˈfekt

oční vada

Hypermetropia

ˌhaɪpəmɪˈtrəʊpɪə

dalekozrakost

Presbyopia

ˌprezbɪˈəʊpɪə

stařecká dalekozrakost

Simultaneously

ˌsɪməlˈteɪnɪəslɪ

současně, zároveň

Symptom

ˈsɪmptəm

příznak, symptom

Název projektu:


Číslo projektu:

CZ.1.07/1.1.00/44.0008

Téma:

Optical Instruments

Účel:


Předmět:

Fyzika

Cílová skupina:





Nejběžnější optické přístroje a jejich použití

jazykový –

Revision of conditional constructions

Pomůcky:


YEAR: 2.

WORKSHEET NO. 60

Optical instruments

SUBJECT: Physics

60. Optical Instruments When you use an optical instrument you're usually trying to make things look bigger so you can more easily see fine details.

TASK 1: What type of lenses or mirrors should you use?

TASK 2: Complete these rules of thumb: If the object is very far away, the image will be 1)………. and very 2)

……..to the focal point.

If the object moves 3)………… the lens, the image moves 4)……..from the focal point, growing as it does so. The object and image are exactly the 5)……….size when the object is at 2F, twice the focal distance from the lens.73

TASK 3: List the most common optical instruments and say what are they used for.

73

Optical instruments. PY106 - Elementary Physics [online]. 1999 [cit. 2015-06-15]. Dostupné z:

http://physics.bu.edu/~duffy/PY106/Instruments.html

SOLUTION:

TASK 1: If you want to make things look bigger, you're always going to use converging mirrors or lenses. Diverging mirrors or lenses always give smaller images.

TASK 2: 1)tiny, 2)close, 3)towards, 4)out, 5)same

TASK 3: Telescope, microscope, magnifying glass, glasses, camera, periscope.

Dictionary English

Pronunciation

Czech

Camera

ˈkæmərə

fotoaparát

Fine

faɪn

jemný, drobný

Glasses

glɑːsɪz

brýle

Magnifying glass

ˈmægnɪˌfaɪŋ ˈglɑːs

lupa, zvětšovací sklo

Microscope

ˈmaɪkrəˌskəʊp

mikroskop

Periscope

ˈperɪˌskəʊp

periskop

Telescope

ˈtelɪˌskəʊp

dalekohled, teleskop

Název projektu:


Číslo projektu:

CZ.1.07/1.1.00/44.0008

Téma:

Binoculars

Účel:


Předmět:

Fyzika

Cílová skupina:





Důležité parametry dalekohledu

jazykový –


Pomůcky:


YEAR: 2.

WORKSHEET NO. 61

SUBJECT: Physics

Binoculars

61. Binoculars TASK 1: Explain the terms porro prism and roof prisms binoculars.

TASK 2: Name the main parts of a binocular and explain how it works.

Obrázek 23/ Binocular Optical Details

74

TASK 3: What optical parameters are considered if you want to choose a binocular?

74

File:Binocular-optics.png. Wikimedia Commons [online]. 2004 [cit. 2015-06-15]. Dostupné z:

http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Binocular-optics.png?uselang=cs

SOLUTION:

TASK 1: Binoculars of this type use a Porro prism in a double prism Z-shaped configuration to erect the image. Roof prisms binoculars are designed to erect the image and fold the optical path. They have objective lenses that are approximately in line with the eyepieces.

TASK 3: For example – magnification, objective diameter, field of view, close focus distance.

Dictionary English

Pronunciation

Czech

Binoculars

bɪˈnɒkjʊləz / baɪˈnɒkjʊləz

dalekohled

Consider

kənˈsɪdə

(ro)zvážit

Diameter

daɪˈæmɪtə

průměr

Eyepiece

ˈaɪˌpiːs

okulár

Field of view

ˈfiːld əv ˈvjuː

zorné pole

Objective

əbˈdʒektɪv

objektiv

Parameters

pəˈræmɪtəz

kritéria, parametry

Porro prism binoculars

ˈpɒrəʊ ˈprɪzəm bɪ/baɪˈnɒkjʊlə

Roof prism binoculars

ˈruːf ˈprɪzəm bɪ/baɪˈnɒkjʊləz

dalekohled s trojúhelníkovými (porro) hranoly dalekohled se střechovými hranoly

Název projektu:


Číslo projektu:

CZ.1.07/1.1.00/44.0008

Téma:

Photometry

Účel:


Předmět:

Fyzika

Cílová skupina:





Fotometrie – základní pojmy

jazykový –


Pomůcky:


YEAR: 2.

WORKSHEET NO. 62

Photometry

SUBJECT: Physics

62. Photometry Photometry is the science of the measurement of light, in terms of its perceived brightness to the human eye which is not equally sensitive to all wavelengths of visible light.

TASK 1: Do you remember what the visible light is? Is photometry the same as radiometry? Explain the terms photopic and scotopic vision.75

TASK 3: Complete the table with the basic photometric quantities quantity

unit lumen

symbol

Luminous intensity lx

TASK 3: What is the practical use of photometry? 75

Radiometry&Photometry. Andor [online]. 2015 [cit. 2015-06-10]. Dostupné z:

http://www.andor.com/learning-academy/radiometry-and-photometry-an-overview-of-the-science-ofmeasuring-light

SOLUTION:

TASK 1: We see light of different wavelengths as a continuum of colours ranging through the visible spectrum: 650 nm is red, 540 nm is green, 450 nm is blue, and so on. Radiometry is the science of measuring light in any portion of the electromagnetic spectrum. When the eye is adapted to light conditions (photopic vision) or dark conditions (scotopic vision).

TASK 2: quantity Luminous flux Luminous intensity Illuminance

unit lumen candela

symbol lm cd

lux

lx

Dictionary English

Pronunciation

Czech

Brightness

ˈbraɪtnɪs

jas(nost)

Candela

kanˈdelə

candela, jednotka svítivosti

Illuminance

ɪˈl(j)uːmɪnəns

osvětlení

Lumen

ˈluːmen

lumen, jednotka světelného toku

Luminous flux

ˈluːmɪnəs ˈflʌks

světelný tok

Luminous intensity

ˈluːmɪnəs ɪnˈtensɪtɪ

svítivost

Lux

lʌks

lux, jednotka osvětlení

Measurement

ˈmeʒəmənt

míra

Perceived

pəˈsiːvd

vnímaný, uvědomovaný

Photometry

fə(ʊ)ˈtɒmɪtri

fotometrie

Photopic vision

fəʊˈtɒpɪk ˈvɪʒən

fotopické vidění (denní)

Quantity

ˈkwɒntɪtɪ

veličina

Radiometry

ˌreɪdɪˈɒmətri

radiometrie

Science

ˈsaɪəns

věda, vědní obor

Scotopic vision

skə(ʊ)ˈtɒpɪk ˈvɪʒən

skotopické vidění (noční)

Sensitive

ˌsensɪˈtɪvɪtɪ

citlivost, vnímavost

Název projektu:


Číslo projektu:

CZ.1.07/1.1.00/44.0008

Téma:

Illumination and Hygiene

Účel:


Předmět:

Fyzika

Cílová skupina:





Hygienické zásady správného osvětlení

jazykový –

Looking the information up

Pomůcky:


WORKSHEET NO. 63

YEAR: 2.

Illumination and Hygiene

SUBJECT: Physics

63. Illumination and Hygiene Daylight is the best and cheapest source of illumination. It can reduce energy costs. But modern indoor work environment relies very heavily on artificial lighting. The appearance, colour and details of the interior can also be enhanced through appropriate lighting.76

THINK!  How can the distribution of light in a workplace be improved?  What uncontrollable natural factors can limit the use of daylight?  What is the advantage of local lights?  Explain the effect of flickering, contrast in lighting and glare effect on visibility.

TASK 2: What device is used to measure the level of lighting?

TASK 3: With the help of the internet try to find out what the optimum average illumination for different school premises is.

76

Guidelines for Good Occupational Hygiene. Labour.gov.hk [online]. 2011 [cit. 2015-06-15].

Dostupné z: http://www.labour.gov.hk/eng/public/oh/GOHP_eng.pdf

SOLUTION:


TASK 2: Lux meter

TASK 3: Classrooms, laboratories, art rooms, needlework rooms 500lx; music rooms, sports halls, workshops 300lx.

Dictionary English

Pronunciation

Czech

Appropriate

əˈprəʊprɪət

vhodný, náležitý

Artificial

ˌɑːtɪˈfɪʃəl

umělý

Average

ˈævrɪdʒ

průměrný

Cost

kɒst

výdaj, náklad

Daylight

ˈdeɪˌlaɪt

denní světlo

Enhance

ɪnˈhɑːns

vylepšit, zvýraznit

Flickering

ˈflɪkərɪŋ

blikání, mihotání

Glare

gleə

záře, prudké světlo

Illumination

ɪˌluːmɪˈneɪʃən

osvětlování, osvětlení

Lighting

ˈlaɪtɪŋ

osvětlení

Local lighting

ˈləʊkəl ˈlaɪtɪŋ

místní osvětlení

Lux meter

ˈlʌks ˈmiːtə

luxmetr

Visibility

ˌvɪzɪˈbɪlɪtɪ

viditelnost

Work environment

ˈwɜːk ɪnˈvaɪrənmənt

pracovní prostředí

Workplace

ˈwɜːkˌpleɪs

pracoviště

Workshop

ˈwɜːkˌʃɒp

dílna

Název projektu:


Číslo projektu:

CZ.1.07/1.1.00/44.0008

Téma:

Review

Účel:


Předmět:

Fyzika

Cílová skupina:





Shrnutí učiva

jazykový –


Pomůcky:


YEAR: 2.

WORKSHEET NO. 64

Review

SUBJECT: Physics

64. Review TASK 1: Do the simple quiz to revise what you have already known. Light year is a unit of A.

time

B.

distance

C.

light

D.

intensity of light

Light from the Sun reaches us in nearly A.

2 minutes

B.

4 minutes

C.

8 minutes

D.

16 minutes

Pa(Pascal) is the unit for A.

thrust

B.

pressure

C.

frequency

D.

conductivity

Metals are good conductors of electricity because A.

they contain free electrons

B.

the atoms are lightly packed

C.

they have high melting point

D.

All of the above

Magnetism at the centre of a bar magnet is A.

minimum

B.

maximum

C.

zero

D.

minimum or maximum

Lux is the SI unit of A.

intensity of illumination

B.

luminous efficiency

C.

luminous flux

D.

luminous intensity

RADAR is used for A.

locating submerged submarines

B.

receiving a signals in a radio receiver

C.

locating geostationary satellites

D.

detecting and locating the position of objects such as aeroplanes

On a rainy day, small oil films on water show brilliant colours. This is due to A.

dispersion

B.

interference

C.

diffraction

D.

polarization

Light travels at the fastest speed in A.

glass

B.

water

C.

hydrogen

D.

vacuum

Radio telescopes are better than optical telescopes because A.

they can detect faint galaxies which no optical telescope can

B.

they can work even in cloudy conditions

C.

they can work during the day and night

D.

All of the above

SOLUTION: 1C,2B,3C,4B,5A,6B,7C,8A,9B,10D,11B,12C,13D,14D

Dictionary English

Pronunciation

Czech

Bar magnet

ˈbɑː ˈmægnɪt

tyčový magnet

Cloudy

ˈklaʊdɪ

oblačný, zatažený

Conditions

kənˈdɪʃənz

podmínky

Conductivity

ˌkɒndʌkˈtɪvɪtɪ

vodivost

Detect

dɪˈtekt

zaznamenat, objevit

Diffraction

dɪˈfrakʃn

ohyb (paprsků)

Efficiency

ɪˈfɪʃənsɪ

účinnost

Faint

feɪnt

slabý, sotva patrný

Film

fɪlm

povlak

Geostationary satellite

dʒiːəʊˈsteɪʃənəri ˈsætəlaɪt

stacionární družice

Hydrogen

ˈhaɪdrɪdʒən

vodík

Locate

ləʊˈkeɪt

najít, vypátrat, zaměřit

Magnetism

ˈmægnɪˌtɪzəm

magnetismus

Melting point

ˈmeltɪŋ ˈpɔɪnt

bod tání

Metal

ˈmetəl

kov

Radar

ˈreɪdɑː

radar, radiolokace

Reach

riːtʃ

dorazit, dosáhnout

Receive

rɪˈsiːv

přijímat, chytat

Submarine

ˈsʌbməˌriːn / ˌsʌbməˈriːn

ponorka

Submerged

səbˈmɜːdʒd

ponořený

Thrust

θrʌst

tah, síla

Podpora přírodovědného a technického vzdělávání v Moravskoslezském kraji

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