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Paradigma Utilisasi Teknologi Informasi Untuk Industri Prof. Kudang B. Seminar, MSc, PhD 02 September 2014
Definisi Teknologi Informasi TI) Teknologi informasi (TI) adalah teknologi elektronik untuk akuisisi, pengolahan, penyimpanan, produksi dan distribusi informasi. . (Gunton, 1994)
Teknologi Komputer
TI Teknologi Telekomunikasi
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Sistem Informasi Performance Control System
Data
Process
Info
Data Store N ETWAR E
Rantai Produksi Informasi
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Karakteristik Organisasi Setiap enterprise (organisasi) memiliki bisnis proses spesifik yang selalu akan ditingkatkan kinerjanya untuk merespon tuntutan kepuasan stakeholders dan perkembangan teknologi *** Organization that does not evaluate deserves to die ***
Lingkungan Sosioteknologi Struktur Organisasi
Strategi Manajemen
Bisnis Proses
Teknologi & Sistem Informasi
Orang dan Kultur
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Fungsi Teknologi & Re-Engineering • “Technology is the technical means people use to improve their surroundings. It is also knowledge of using tools and machines to do tasks efficiently.“(www.bergen.org/technology/defin.html ). • Engineering (ingenerare) : menciptakan (to create); Engineering : “professional art of applying science to the optimum conversion of the resources of nature to the benefit of man “ (Encyclopedia Britannica 1974)
Pentingnya TI bagi Organisasi • You like or you don’t like, sooner or later IT will influence your business [James o’Brien] • “Company that cannot change the way it thinks about Information Technology cannot re-engineer” [Michael Hammer & James Champy] • A lesson from green caterpillar: “Usually, a green caterpillar becomes bigger (quantitative change) rather than grows to be a butterfly (qualitative change) [Karl Albrech]
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New World of Work
NABEL, 3/7/2003
Business Process
Radical
Dramatic
Process
NEW
1. Work Units
Functional Departments
Process Team
2. Jobs
Simple Task
Multi Dimensional Work
3. People’s Role
Controlled
Empowered
4. Performance Measure and Compensation
Activity
Result
5. Advancement Criteria
Performance
Ability
6. Values
Protective
Productive
7. Organizational Structures
Hierarchical
Flat
8. Executive
Store Keepers
Leaders
[ Re-Engineering ]
Fundamental
OLD
Source: Reengineering The Corporation - Michael Hammer & James Champy
Reengineering & Information Technology Business Process Reengineering (BPR)
High
Low
Rationalism
Reengineering
Current Condition
Automation (Computerization)
IT Utilization
High
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Paradigma Baru Utilisasi TI A paradigm is a mental frame of reference that dominates the way people think and act (Karl Albrech) Visi dan misi manusia
Visi dan misi kesejahteraan manusia
Paradigma Baru Utilisasi TI
Visi dan misi enterprise/organisasi
Visi & Misi Manusia Sebagai Pengelola Bumi Pengembilan keputusan yang arif (intelectually & emotionally)
Knowledge
Information
Database
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Kelahiran Internet: Link people & assets via networks
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Growth of Internet Hosts: Link people & assets via networks
Visi dan misi kesejahteraan manusia: Link people , expertise & assets via Portal Global Sites
Information System
Portal
Array of Portals
Info/Database
Portal Portal Info/Database
Search System
Portal Portal
Database Info/Database
Portal
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Visi & Visi Enterprise
(Internetworked Enterprises) • Internetworking : suatu bentuk hubungan, kerjasama (kolaborasi) atau kemitraan yang mendayagunakan TI (teknologi informasi) berbasis jaringan (internet, intranet, ekstranet) • Trend: menuju pada Internetworked
Enterprises (B-to-B, B-to-C, G-to-G, G-to-B, G-to-C)
Examples of Trust Domains B2C – Travel Industry Car Rental
B2E – Employee Intranet
Partner Airlines
Airline
Cruise Line
Employee Purchase Plans
Health Insurance
Dental Insurance
B2B - Automotive
Debt
Commercial Banking
Suppliers
Equity
Clearing House
3d Party Providers
Company Intranet
Livery
B2B – Financial Services
Treasury
401k
Hotel
Credit
Dealers
Transport Agencies
Manufacturers
Fleet
Financing
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Visi & Visi Enterprise: Creating a Virtual Company (VC) VC is an organization that uses information technology to link people, assets, and ideas.
Characteristics
• • • • • •
Adaptability Opportunism Excellence Technology Borderless Trust-based
Visi & Visi Enterprise: Organizational Applications Consumer - Enterprise
Consumer - Consumer
Enterprise Enterprise
Department Department
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Visi & Visi Enterprise: Become a Global Company A global company is a business that is driven by a global strategy which enables to plan and treat all its activities in the context of a whole-world system, and therefore serve its local and global customers with excellence. Global IT Management
Cultural, Political, Geo-economic challenges
Business/IT Strategies
Application Portfolios
Technology Platforms
Data Management
Systems Development
How Information Technology Support The Globalization of Business? Drives of Change
Competitive Environment
Globalization
Efficient Global
Technology
Markets
Competitive Response Global Business Operation and Alliances
Implementation
The Networked Global Corporation
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Global Competitiveness
NABEL, 3/7/2003
Global : WTO Domestic Market
•Regulation
Government •Incentive
•ISO CERT. •ANTI DUMPING •ENERGY SAVING •RECYCLING
•Certification
Competitiveness
•Vision •Policy
Manufacturer
University
•HIGH QUALITY •COST •SPEED •GLOBAL MODEL
•Apprenticeship •Research
Export Market
Regional : APEC Sub-Regional : AFTA
Case 1: Design
NABEL, 3/7/2003
Black Box Manufacturing
Human Resources
Research
Design Development Preproduction Cell production Mass production
Promotion, PR Marketing
Logistic
Accounting
Marketing & Service
Customer
Supplier
Procurement
Planning
Product planning
(standardization, common part)
Technology development
Supply Chain Management
Digital Manufacturing
Product
General Affair
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Manufaktur Berbasis TI Audio Factory
Air Conditioner Factory
Sortasi Buah Standar Mutu Tomat Green
Breakers
Turning
Fase Hijau
Fase Masak Hijau
Fase Pecah Warna
Refrigerator Factory
Pink
Light Red
Red
Fase Matang
Sortasi berbasis TI
Sortasi Manual
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Penjadwalan Kerja Berbasis TI PT. Sinar Bakti Utama, lokasi: Cimanggis, Bogor. • Produk berupa meubel kayu (meja, kursi, lemari, daun pintu, dll) untuk permintaan dalam negeri dan ekspor • Jumlah Jenis Mesin = 17 buah (2-8 buah/jenis mesin) Jumlah Jenis Produk = 82 buah Problem:
Data Produ ksi
Banyak mesin idle Pekerja mengeluhkan ketidakpastian jadwal Keterlambatan pesanan
No
Nama Alat Produksi
Fungsi
Jumlah
1
Band Saw
Membelah kayu gelondongan menjadi papan
4 unit
2
Rip Saw
Memotong papan (vertikal)
4 unit
3
Cross-cut Saw
Memotong papan (horisontal)
2 unit
4
Thicknessing Planner
Pembuatan komponen kecil
2 unit
5
Tennoner
Pembuatan komponen sambungan kayu
4 unit
6
Morticer
Pembuatan komponen sambungan kayu
4 unit
7
Spidle Moulder
Pembuatan komponen kecil
2 unit
8
Router
Pembuatan komponen kecil
4 unit
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Output Penjadwalan Produksi Mebel
PERENCANAAN PRODUKSI KRISAN POTONG: ALAM INDAH BUNGA NUSANTARA, CIPANAS
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PERENCANAAN PRODUKSI KRISAN POTONG: ALAM INDAH BUNGA NUSANTARA, CIPANAS
Siklus Pertanian Presisi
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Promosi E-Commerce
Case 3: Panasonic Scholarship Invitation to Panasonic Scholarship Application Process
Evaluation of Candidates
Number of Applicants Man Power Used for Screening
[ 1999 - Before BPR ] Through 6 major Universities, PS Office distributes guideline & application form Fill in paper application based on guideline, and send complete form to PS Office • Collect, validate & input data • Sorting based on criteria • Distribute by each major • List up 40 candidates All done manually and using spread sheet
NABEL, 3/7/2003
[ 2000~2 - After BPR ] Through Internet Fill in e-Application, parameters are defined by PS Office • Download from Internet • Execute sorting program • List up 40 candidates • Send result using Internet Manual job only confirming semifinalist data
[ 1999 ]
[ 2000 ]
[ 2001 ]
[ 2002 ]
83
1,155
1,836
1,920
15 man days
2 man days
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Case 3: PS e-Application
NABEL, 3/7/2003
[ PS e-Application ] WEB Server
[ Applicants ]
Website html+Java
Corporate Website - Microsoft Internet Explorer File Edit View Go Favorites Help
Table 1
Panasonic Scholarship "Panasonic Scholarship e-Application" [1]. PERSONAL INFORMATION First Name
Noor
Family Name
Fithriyani
Email Address
[email protected]
Telephone Number
Area Code 021
Age
23
Sex
Number 5238119
years old Male
Marital Status
Table ...
Female
Single
Married
Validate & scoring
[2]. ACADEMIC INFORMATION Year of Graduation
1998
University/Institute
Institut Teknologi Bandung
November
, if "Other", mention university name Major Field
Civil Engineering
GPA (minimum 3.00)
3.74
Major Field of Further Education Plan
(Example: 3.74)
CGI program
Engineering
[3]. NON ACADEMIC INFORMATION Japanese Language Proficiency Test (JLPT)
(*)
(**) , if "None", Japanese language study
Level 3 Never
Less than 300 hours
More than 300 hours
Fill in e-Application thru web
Internet Registration (csv) 0001,Rudi,Raharja,
[email protected],21,8711225,23,M,S,1998,…,PRI,4,N,1,3.65 0002,Budi,Hartono,
[email protected],,5307222,25,M,S,1996,…,GOV,2,N,4,3.17 0003,Mely,Retnowati,,,8710221,22,F,S,2000,…,LEC,0,N,2,3.35 0004,etc...
[ Panasonic Scholarship Office ] Scoring system (see Table 1 ~ Table 10): 1). Total Score = (gpa x vuniv x 40%) + (jlpt x 20%) + (sjpn x 20%) + (toefl x 10%) + (acc x 30%) 2). Sorting basis: (1). Total Score (2). GPA (3). Acceptance by University in Japan (4). JLPT level (5). TOEFL score
Spreadsheet
PANASONIC SCHOLARSHIP SEMIFINALIST
-Sorting based on criteria -Distribute by each major -Summary first 50 candidates
Kesimpulan • Paradigma pendayagunaan teknologi informasi (TI) haruslah mengedapankan visi dan misi manusia sebagai pengelola cerdas secara intelektual dan emosional, • visi dan misi kesejahteraan umat manusia secera kolektif dan berkelanjutan, • Visi dan misi enterprise/organisasi dalam mengelola proses-bisnis untuk melakukan berbagai kemanfaatan dan dayasaing yang maksimal bagi lingkungan universal (global) yang bermartabat dan terpuji.
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Kesimpulan (lanjutan…) • Dengan paradigma tersebut perencanaan, pembangunan dan pengembagan TI dan SI harus memiliki tujuan yang jelas dan indikator keberhasilan yang terukur bagi individu maupun organisasi (enterprise), sehingga tidak boros, kontraproduktif, dan salah sasaran. Pelayanan masyarakat (kustomer) yang prima dengan berbagai dinamika kultur, budaya, perkembangan teknologi, dan tuntutan global menjadi peluang, tantangan, dan sekaligus target pendayagunaan TI dan SI di masa mendatang
Kontemplasi • Teknologi Informasi yang hadir didepan kita haruslah kita syukuri dengan lebih banyak mau berfikir kreatif untuk mendayagunakan TI dalam mewujudkan kinerja individu dan organisasi serta kemanfaatan universal sekaligus memusnahkan kemungkaran dan kebodohan.
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INGAT: Teknologi hanyalah alat bantu (tool), bukan tujuan!
Manusia adalah pengelola dan punya tujuan!
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