PERTANIAN
LAPORAN HASIL PENELITIAN HIBAH BERSAING TAHUN I
Potensi Laminaran Alga Coklat S. Duplicatum Sebagai Prebiotik dan Karakterisasi Sifat Fungsionalnya Secara in vivo
Oleh: Ir. Anies Chamidah, MP. Ir. M. Firdaus, MP Dr. Happy Nursyam, MS
Dibiayai Oleh Direktorat Jenderal Pendidikan Tinggi, Kementerian Pendidikan Nasional, melalui DIPA Universitas Brawijaya berdasarkan SK Rektor Nomor: 039/SK/2010, tanggal 17 Februari 2010.
Universitas Brawijaya Nopember 2010
RINGKASAN
Keunikan karakteristik kimia dan fisik masing-masing sumber serat akan mempunyai efek fisiologis yang berbeda pada tubuh. Serat pangan alga berbeda secara kimia maupun fisiko-kimia dari tumbuhan darat, sehingga kemungkinan akan mempunyai efek fisiologis yang berbeda pula (Dvir et al., 2000). Laminaran sangat mirip dengan pati, berfungsi sebagai komponen cadangan pangan yang mempunyai aktivitas biologis beraneka ragam seperti immunomodulatory, radioprotective, antitumor, dan anti bakteri (Zvyagintseva et al., 2003). Selain kemampuan diatas, laminaran adalah sumber serat pangan (Dietary Fiber), karena polisakarida ini tahan terhadap pencernakan enzim endogen manusia (Michel et al,. 1995). Namun sampai sejauh ini belum banyak penelitian mendasar pada cara-cara memperoleh laminaran yang efektif dan efisien, juga karakterisasi masing-masing spesies khususnya spesies alga yang hidup di perairan Indonesia khususnya golongan alga coklat S. duplicatum. Dengan kemampuan fungsional yang banyak, jika dioptimalkan pemanfaatannya maka akan sangat membantu banyak pihak. Tujuan penelitian adalah mendapatkan cara isolasi, purifikasi laminaran dari Sargassum duplicatum dan mengidentifikasi karakteristik fisiko, kimia dan fermentasi in vitro terkait dengan nantinya digunakan sebagai alternatif prebiotik. Metode penelitian ini terbagi menjadi 3 tahap, pertama melakukan ekstraksi alga coklat sekaligus menguji karakteristik kimia dan fisik crude laminaran yang diperoleh dari hasil ekstraksi. Dan kedua melakukan purifikasi dari crude laminaran. Dan ketiga mengaplikasikan pada hewan coba. Hasil penelitian saat ini adalah viscositas dari crude dan pure laminaran adalah 0.2046dps dan 0.2371 dps, WHC dari crude dan pure laminaran adalah 16,74 dan 15,209 %, OHC dari crude dan pure laminaran adalah 189,63 dan 203,28 %. daya tahan terhadap keasaman lambung dari crude dan pure laminaran adalah tidak terdegradasi oleh asam begitu juga dengan hidrolisis enzim saliva. Sedangkan nilai indeks prebiotik masih sedang dikerjakan dan SCFA serta karakteristik digesta dan perubahan morfologi gastrointestinal masih menungguberakhirnya masa perlakuan pada tikus yaitu selama total pemelihaan 34 hari yang baru berakhir tanggal 23 November.
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