ENGLISH IN MIDWIFERY PRACTICE

Bahan ajar mata kuliah

ENGLISH IN MIDWIFERY PRACTICE

BY Kh Endah Widhi Astuti, M.Mid

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INTRODUCTION TO MIDWIFERY PRACTICE

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Daftar isi Cover...................................................................................................................

1

Daftar isi.............................................................................................................

2

Kegiatan Belajar 1 : Establishing Relationship Tujuan Pembelajaran Umum...................................................................

5

Tujuan Pembelajaran Khusus................................................................

5

Uraian materi.....................................................................................

5

Pokok pokok materi.............................................................................

6

Rangkuman ........................................................................................

13

Tugas terstruktur ................................................................................

13

Test formatif .......................................................................................

14

Kegiatan Belajar 2: Asking – Filling in Medical Report Tujuan Pembelajaran Umum...................................................................

15


15

Pokok- pokok materi...............................................................................

15

Uraian materi........................................................................................

16

Rangkuman ..........................................................................................

21

Tugas terstruktur .................................................................................

21

Test formatif .........................................................................................

22

Kegiatan Belajar 3: Explaining Procedure Tujuan Pembelajaran Umum................................................................... Tujuan Pembelajaran Khusus................................................................ Pokok- pokok materi............................................................................... Uraian materi.......................................................................................... Rangkuman........................................................................................... Test formatif ..................................................................................... Tugas Akhir ...................................................................................................... Test akhir ........................................................................................................ Acuan Pustaka..................................................................................................

23 23 23 24 28 28 29 30 31

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Kegiatan Belajar 1

Establishing a relationship  100 Menit

TUJUAN PEMBELAJARAN I.

Tujuan Pembelajaran Umum : Setelah menyelesaikan kegiatan belajar 1 diharapkan mahasiswa mampu berkenalan dan bertanya dengan benar.

II.

Tujuan Pembelajaran khusus: Setelah mempelajari kegiatan belajar 1 diharapkan mahasiswa mampu: a. Melakukan perkenalan b. Menjelaskan fungsi dan bentuk yes / no question. c. Menjelaskan fungsi dan bentuk WH question d. Menjelaskan fungsi dan bentuk Tag -Question

III.

Pokok –pokok materi

Untuk mencapai tujuan dalam kegiatan belajar 1 ini, Anda diharapkan mempelajari tentang konsep – konsep berikut: A. Introducing yourself / berkenalan B. Yes/no question C. WH-question D. Tag-question.

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URAIAN MATERI

A. Introducing yourself / Berkenalan Hello! I am your new friend and I am going to help you learn English. However first I need to get to know you. Please tell me about yourself.

Tugas anda :lakukan percakapan dibawah ini dengan teman anda. What‟ s your name ?

My name is…..

How old are you ?

I am…..years old

Which midwifery academy are you from ?

I am from .........Midwifery academy

Which Semester are you ?

Semester ......

Where are you from ?

I am from .........

Do you enjoy being a midwifery student ?

Yes, I do

What is your favorite midwifery subject ?

My favorite subject is ......

Where do you work ?

I work in hospital

Percakapan diatas adalah contoh bagaimana seorang mahasiswa kebidanan melakukan perkenalan dengan teman barunya. Setelah anda berkenalan dengan teman anda, sekarang anda diharapkan memperkenalkan teman anda ke teman yang lain.

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Bahan ajar mata kuliah Cara memperkenalkan teman anda

let me introduce my friend to you “ her name is........................., her hobby is ................... she is from .................., she lives in ...........................she has lived there for ........She “

studied at Midwifery academy......................she is single/ married, she has studied here for ........... she works in........................unit.

Sebelum

melakukan

percakapan

sebaiknya

diawali

dengan salam/ greeting.

Contoh : greetings / salam Hello, Good .......................Mr............/Miss/Mrs................. Morning .................(until 12 mid day) Afternoon ..............( until dark) Evening...................(after dark )

Saat akan menutup pembicaraan dengan orang lain anda tidak boleh begitu saja meninggalkan tetapi harus menutup pembicaraan dengan baik dan sopan.

Contoh : percakapan sebelum menutup pembicaraan Student A

: It‟s been nice talking to you

Student B

: nice talking to you too

atau Student A

: (I‟m sorry , but ) I have to go now

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Bahan ajar mata kuliah Dilanjutkan dengan menutup pembicaraan dimana dapat diungkapkan dengan mengucapkan ungkapan perpisahan.

Good bye Bye See you later

Sedangkan ketika Anda bekerja atau praktek di Rumah sakit , sebaiknya anda memperkenalkan diri kepada pasien anda Cara memperkenalkan diri kepada pasien:

I‟m midwife .............(name), I will take care of you today. If you need anything, please just give me a call, a midwife will help you.

Dibawah ini adalah contoh percakapan antara bidan dan pasien Carilah partner teman anda dan lakukan percakapan di bawah ini ! Midwife

: Good morning Mrs Rieke, How are you ?

Mrs Rieke

: Good morning, midwife

Midwife

: How are you this morning ?

Mrs. Rieke

: not very well, I think

Midwife

: I‟m midwife Elli, I will take care of you today. Your name is Mrs Rieke , isn‟ it?

How can I addres you ? Mrs Rieke

: Please call me Rieke.

Midwife

: Mrs Rieke, if you need my assistance , please just call me. I will help you.

Mrs Rieke

: Ok, Thank you Midwife.

Midwife

: Now, it‟s time for me to visit other patients. I‟ve really got to go. See you

Mrs Rieke

: see you

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Bahan ajar mata kuliah Latihan 1 . Pasangkan antara pertanyaan dan jawaban latihan dibawah ini.

1. Where were you born ?

A year ago

2. What do you do ?

Three times a week

3. Are you married ?

In Solo

4. Why are you learning English ?

Because I need it for my job

5. When did you start learning English ?

I‟m a midwife student

6. How often do you have English Classes ?

No, I‟m single

Sekarang marilah kita identifikasi pertanyaan yang kita gunakan diatas. MENGIDENTIFIKASI PERTANYAAN

B. Yes / No Question Contoh: 

Do you have a baby? Yes, I do No, I don‟t



Can you lift your index finger? Yes, I can. No, I can.t

Membuat pertanyaan dengan Yes / No Questions Contoh: They are down with flu

------------ Are they down with flu ?

The disease is communicable --------- Is the disease communicable ? The children were immunize ---------- were the children immunized yesterday ?

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C. Pertanyaan dengan WH (WH- Questions) Terdapat 6 tipe pertanyaan dengan WH (Wh – questions). Kata Tanya ini akan menanyakan detail tentang manusia , benda , kejadian dan sebagainya.

When What

5W+1H Who Where

Why How

WHEN When digunakan untuk bertanya waktu, tanggal, atau waktu kejadian. contoh : 

She is going to be promoted as midwife manager this month. When is she going to be promoted as a midwife manager ?



I fractured my left leg when I was a child When did you fracture your left leg ?



The doctor examined the hypertensive pregnant woman yesterday morning. When did the doctor examine the hypertensive pregnant woman ?

WHAT What digunakan untuk menanyakan objek, aktifitas atau opini. contoh: 

The talk given today is on pre-eclampsia woman What is the title of the talk ?



Midwife Erna loves to read midwifery journals during her free time What does midwife Erna love to do during his free time?



My patient is a civil and structural engineer. What is your patient‟s occupation ?

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WHO WHO digunakan untuk menanyakan orang contoh : 

I was just informed by Anna that I had to work on afternoon shift Who informed you that you had to work on the afternoon shift?



Dr. Rita gave us a verbal order just now. Who gave you the verbal order just now?



The midwife failed to detect the twin babies Who failed to detect the twin babies?

WHY WHY digunakan untuk menanyakan tentang alasan atau penyebab dari suatu kejadian / event. contoh : 

The hospital was sued due to the negligence of its staff Why was the hospital sued?



We cannot operate on the patient, as we have not received any consent from his relatives yet Why can‟t we operate on he patient?



Ratna left for Surabaya to further her studies in master degree of midwifery Why did Ratna leave for Surabaya ?

WHERE WHERE digunakan untuk menanyakan tempat kejadian atau tempat kegiatan contoh : 

My niece was admitted to Harapan Kita Specialist Mother and Child hospital Where was your niece admitted to ?



I keep the medicine in the first-aid kit Where do you keep the medicine?

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Bahan ajar mata kuliah HOW HOW digunakan untuk menanyakan tentang kondisi , keadaan, kejadian atau aktifitas contoh : 

She lost her 3 months pregnancy in an accident How did she lose her 3 months pregnancy?



Midwife Emma helps deliver the baby carefully How does Midwife Emma help deliver the baby ?

D. Tag –Questions Merupakan ungkapan pertanyaan yang di pendekkan yang jawabanya yes / no Dimana bentuk pertanyaan diakhiri dengan auxiliaries atau kata bantu yang lain ( have, can, must, will, do,does, did, is, am, are, was dan were. Syarat – syarat a. Jika kalimat positif, maka akhir pertanyaan negative b. Jika kalimat negative, maka akhir pertanyaan positif c. Kata kerja bantu dalam kalimat harus di ulangi d. Jika kata kerja bantu tidak ada , maka dipakai do, does atau did sesuai tenses

Kalimat positif – akhir pertanyaan negative f contoh: 

He is working, isn‟t he?



She will recover soon, won‟t she?



The clinical assistant had sent the blood specimen, hadn‟t he?

Kalimat negative = akhir pertanyaan positif contoh: 

It isn‟t rain now , is if ?



The teachers didn‟t remind the students, did they?



The midwife isn‟t prepared, is she?

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RANG KUMAN Setelah mempelajari kegiatan belajar 1 maka dapat di ambil kesimpulan bahwa untuk berani berbicara seseorang harus tahu apa dan bagaimana cara bertanya. Ada beberapa jenis pertanyaan dalam bahasa Inggris diantaranya: 1. Pertanyaan dengan jawaban yes / no question atau pertanyaan tertutup 2. Pertanyaan terbuka dimana jenis pertanyaan dengan What, when, where, why, who and how 3. Pertanyaan dengan Question tag adalah ungkapan pertanyaan yang dipendekkan yang hanya memerlukan jawaban ya atau tidak. Setelah anda tahu teori maka kami berharap anda berani untuk bertanya, karena hal yang terpenting dalam belajar bahasa adalah berani mencoba dan jangan takut salah.

TUGAS

Buatlah satu contoh conversation ketika pertama kali anda kenal dengan sahabat anda di akademi Kebidanan

Perkenalkan sahabat anda ke teman yang lain seperti pada contoh diatas

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TEST FORMATIF

Pasangkan antara pertanyaan dan jawaban dibawah ini

1. What…………?

Because I wanted to

2. Who …………?

Last night

3. Where ………?

Rp 5000,-

4. When ……….?

A sandwich

5. Why …………?

By bus

6. How many ….?

In Kalimantan

7. How much ….?

Mariana

8. How …………?

The black one

9. Whose ………?

It‟s mine

10. Which ……….?

Five

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Kegiatan Belajar 2 Asking –Filling in Medical Report  2 x 100 Menit


Tujuan Pembelajaran Umum : Setelah menyelesaikan kegiatan belajar 2, mahasiswa mampu membuat pertanyaan dan mengisi medical report pasien dengan benar

II.

Tujuan pembelajaran khusus: Setelah mempelajari kegiatan belajar 2 mahasiswa mampu: a. Mengajukan beberapa jenis pertanyaan untuk mendapatkan data awal pasien b. Mengisi medical report pasien dengan bertanya pada pasien

III.

Pokok pokok materi A. Asking question / bertanya B. Filling in medical report / mengisi medical report pasien

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URAIAN MATERI

A. Asking question

Midwife

: Good Morning Mrs Maria. I need

to fill a medical report about your health status Patient

: Sure

Midwife

: Your complete name ?

Patient

: Devi Maria

Midwife

: What is your complete address?

Patient

: Ir Sukarno , 38 .Surabaya

Midwife

: What makes you come to hospital?

Patient

: I have a backache.

Midwife

: Where is the pain, could you point

at the pain ? Patient

: It’s around here ( pointing at the

lower back) Midwife

: Did you take any medicine for your pain ?

Patient

: No,I didn’t

Midwife

: Do you know the cause of pain ?

Patient

: I don’t know

Midwife

: What’s the pain like ?

Patient

: It’s sharp

Midwife

: How often do you feel the pain ?

Patient

; It’s occasional.

Midwife

: Well, thank you Mrs Maria for your information. I will report this to your obstetrician .

Carilah kata kata sulit dan temukan artinya dalam kamus.

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Bahan ajar mata kuliah Beberapa pertanyaan yang sering digunakan dalam keseharian bidan a). Pertanyaan untuk mengetahui kondisi pasien misalnya sebagai berikut !

1. What’s your problem ? 2. How are you feeling today ? 3. What makes you call me ? 4. What’s your chief complaint ? 5. What’s troubling you ? 6. What’s the matter with you ? 7. What’s wrong with you ? 8. What seems to be bothering you ? 9. Doctor “ what are the symptoms?/ what is she complaining about ?

b). Ekspresi pasien atau cara pasien menjawab tentang masalah kesehatan yang dihadapi:

1. I have + ( a part of the body + ache ) ( a toothache )

4. I experience + kinds of symptoms and physical problems

(a headache)

( low back pain )

( a backache)

( difficult breathing )

2. I have ( a sore + parts of the body ) ( a sore arm) ( a sore knee) 3. I have/ get + kind of physical problems

5. I suffer from + kinds of certain illness ( cancer ) ( constipation )

( the measles) ( the flu ) ( a fever ) ( a bad cough )

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Bahan ajar mata kuliah Carilah arti kata dari 

Toothache :....................................



Backache :....................................



Headache :....................................



Soar arm :.....................................



Soar knee :.....................................

c). Beberapa pertanyaan yang berhubungan dengan nyeri yang dialami pasien

a. Current pain medication ( pengobatan yang diambil saat ini ) Question :

Did you take ( any medicine / anything ) for your pain How many do you take ?

b. Where is the pain ? ( lokasi nyeri ) Instruction;

show me where the pain is ? Point at the pain you feel

c. Describe cause of pain, if known ( penyebab nyeri jika diketahui ) Question;

Do you know the cause of your pain ? Why do you feel that ?

d. How does a pain feel to the patient? ( seperti apa nyeri yang dialami oleh pasien ? Question :

what is the pain like ? Is it sharp, dull, stabbing, aching ?

e. Frequency of pain ( berapa sering nyeri itu muncul ) Question:

How often do you feel the pain ? Is it occasional, frequent or constant ?

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B. Filling in Medical report / Mengisi medical report pasien

Ketika pasien baru datang bidan perlu mengambil personal data untuk mengisi medical report tentang status kesehatan pasien Beberapa data yang diperlukan khususnya pada pasien dengan kasus kebidanan adalah sebagai berikut;

Data

Cara Bertanya

1. Name

What is your name?

2. Age

When were you born? / Your date of birth please.

3. Nationality & Race

What is your nationality? What is your race ?

4. Address & telephone

What is your address and telephone number ?

5. Religion

What is your religion?

6. Marital status

Are you married?

7. Occupation

What is your occupational?

Chief complaint / keluhan utama

What’s your problem? complaint?

/

what’s

your chief

History of present illnes relates to the chief complain or problem 1. Date and time onset

When did the complaint start?

2. Specific location

Where is the location? Or show me where the location is?

3. Type of pain or discomfort

How does the pain feel or what is the pain like?

Menstrual history 1. Age at menarche

When did you get the first time period?

2. Duration 3. Last

How many days usually it happened ? menstrual

period,

When did you have your last menstrual period?

duration and amount Page 18


4. Dysmenorrhoea

Is

there

any

problem

during

period

like

dysmenorrhoea or premenstrual syndrome? Obstetric history How many children do you have? How many times do you experience of pregnancy?

1. Gravida/ Para 2. Each pregnancy a. Date of termination:

When was your previous baby born?

b. Weeks gestation:

How many weeks was your previous pregnancy?

c. Place of delivery

Where were you deliver your previous baby ?

d.

Any

problem

pregnancy,

during Did you have any problem for your previous

labour

and pregnancy, labour and postpartum period?

postpartum period? e. Weight of baby birth;

How many kilos was your previous baby born?

f. Sex of baby:

Is it a boy or a girl?

g. Any complication h. Status of

Were there any complications for your previous

infant at birth:

baby born?

i. Present status of infant:

How is your child now?

Contraceptive history Present contraceptive method a. Type b.

Side effect

What type of contraceptive did you use before? Are there any side effects?

c. Length of time using this How long did you use this method of contraceptive?

method

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TUGAS

Carilah 1 kasus ditempat anda praktek, lakukan interview pada pasien anda tersebut dan isikan dalam medical report pasien

Tuliskan hasil interview anda dalam bahasa Inggris.

RANGKUMAN Setelah mempelajari kegiatan belajar 2 maka dapat diambil kesimpulan bahwa bidan harus mampu berkomunikasi dengan pasien khususnya ketika bidan mempunyai pasien baru. Beberapa pertanyaan yang berhubungan dengan pasien baru khususnya untuk kasus kebidanan telah di pelajari dan cara pengisian medical report akan kita praktekkan sebagai latihan. Sekarang marilah kita lanjutkan pada kegiatan belajar selanjutnya yaitu giving instruction.

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TES FORMATIF

CASE The admission interview was conducted by Midwife Eka on july 10th 2013. The patient was Mrs Fatima, 35 years old, muslim, married, a teacher, Javanes. The address is nakulo st 26, Medan, her problem is contraction in uterus after working since 3 days ago. She has 1 son 3 years old, he was born on March, 5th, , He was healthy, at independent midwife, normal, term. His weight was 3000 gram. Now, Mrs Fatima is pregnant, her last menstrual period was on march 13th 2013. She had never used any contraceptive method. Menarche when she was 13 years old, never had problem, regular every month, normal. Bacalah kasus diatas, pahami dan isikan data diatas dalam medical report pasien.

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Kegiatan Belajar 3 Explaining Procedure  100 Menit

TUJUAN PEMBELAJARAN

I. Tujuan pembelajaran Umum : Setelah menyelesaikan kegiatan belajar 3,diharapkan mahasiswa mampu memberikan instruksi dan menjelaskan prosedur kepada pasien

II. Tujuan Pembelajaran Khusus : setelah mempelajari kegiatan belajar 3, diharapkan Mahasiswa mampu a. Memberikan instruksi kepada pasien b. Menjelaskan prosedur pemberian obat kepada pasien

III. Pokok-Pokok Materi A. Giving instruction B. Explaining medication

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URAIAN MATERI

Lakukan percakapan dibawah ini dengan teman anda Midwife

: Good Morning Mrs Salma?

Patient

: Good Morning, midwife

Midwife

: Would you stand upright here ?

Patient

: Sure Midwife

Midwife

: That‟s fine Mrs Salma. Ok, don‟t move your head. Keep your head steady, look straight ahead

Patient

: Ok

Midwife

: Let me measure your height ?

Patient

: What is my height Midwife?

Midwife

: It‟s 156 cm. It‟s normal

Percakapan diatas adalah contoh bagaimana bidan memberikan instruksi untuk mengukur tinggi badan pasien. Sekarang marilah kita bahas bagaimana cara bidan memberikan instruksi kepada pasien.

A. Giving Instruction Ada beberapa cara yang dilakukan bidan untuk dapat melakukan instruksi yang akan dilakukan kepada pasien atau explaining the procedure kepada pasien

Contoh -

It‟s time

to practice breastfeeding your baby

-

I will

assist you and help you breastfeed your baby Give you instructions how to breastfeed your baby Give you an example how to breast feed your baby

Kalimat lain yang bisa digunakan This will take time Follow / listen to my instructions Let me help you wear your……shoes Do you feel ……dizzy? Fine, that‟s it

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Bahan ajar mata kuliah Kalimat yang bisa digunakan bidan untuk memberi intervensi atau kalimat yang digunakan kepada seorang pasien sebelum melakukan tindakan.

I need to take your temperature to weight you to count your pulse to measure your height

Bila pasien disarankan untuk mengukur sendiri berat badannya

Please, weight yourself on that scale How much do I weight ?

Cara untuk menanyakan hasil pengukuran What is my temperature? Blood pressure Pulse Height How much do I weight?--> It is normal

Cara bidan memberitahu hasil pengukuran / observasi kepada pasien 

It‟s 37 0 C



Your temperature is higher than normal



You weigh 67 kilo



You are 156 cm height



It is 130 over 80 mmHg



It is within normal.

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B. Explaining Medication Sebelum memberikan obat kepada pasien bidan harus menjelaskan dulu cara pemberian kepada pasien. Cara memberi obat kepada pasien secara oral Please, take this.......one tablet a day/ three times a day To reduce ......your temperature To relieve your pain

Here are some tablets / pills ( which) you have to take ....one every ....eight hours. Have you taken the medicine ?

Cara memberikan Peringatan kepada pasien. 

Take these antibiotics all up



You must call the midwife if there is adverse reaction



Don‟t take this more than ........three times / 24 hours



Don‟t use it if it makes.....a skin rash

Ketika bidan memberikan obat kepada pasien, biasanya ada beberapa pertanyaan dari pasien sehubungan dengan pemberian obat Jenis pertanyaan yang biasanya muncul adalah:

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

How should i take this .......



What is the use of this ......(tablet, medicine )? (menanyakan fungsi obat)



How much do I have to take ......(tablets)? (Tanya dosis obat)

TUGAS

Buatlah 10 kalimat dalam bahasa Inggris yang berisi instruksi kepada pasien

yang

berhubungan dengan pekerjaan anda sebagai seorang bidan.

Demontrasikan conversation yang anda buat dengan teman anda.

TEST FORMATIF

Translate ke dalam bahasa inggris 1. Silahkan anda jongkok kemudian berdiri lagi 2. Pak, sekarang saya mau mengukur tekanan darah bapak. 3. Sudahkah anda minum obat ini ? 4. Obat ini di minum 3 kali sehari 5. Ini untuk meredakan rasa mual

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RANGKUMAN Setelah kita mempelajari tentang cara memberikan instruksi dan memberikan penjelasan tentang pemberian obat maka dapat kita simpulkan bahwa: 1..Instruksi dapat dilakukan bila bidan dapat berkomunikasi dengan benar 2.Penjelasan tentang prosedur perlu di berikan kepada pasien agar pengobatan dapat berjalan dengan benar . Demikian modul 1 tentang speaking dalam kebidanan, silahkan anda melakukan praktek mandiri agar skill anda semakin meningkat. Selanjutnya kita lanjutkan pada modul 2.

TUGAS AKHIR

Setelah anda mempelajari modul 1, anda ditugaskan bermain peran mengenai wawancara antara bidan dengan pasien kemudian dokumentasikan hasil wawancara anda pada medical report. Untuk lebih jelasnya ikuti panduan praktikum.

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TEST AKHIR Isilah titik titik dibawah ini dengan jawaban yang benar 1. …………………accompanied the patient to the Radiology Department? 2. …………………stimulates the kidneys and intestine to absorb more calcium? 3. …………………is the philanthropist that donated an enormous amount of money to the hospital 4. …………………did the midwife place the patient‟s bed head ticket? 5. …………………makes you think that you have malaria? 6. …………………do you know that the surgeons is reluctant to perform mastectomy on you ? 7. ………………….was the pharmacist trained ? 8. …………………do you feel this morning ? 9. …………………are the medical students worried ? 10. ………………….is my brother supposed to undergo the appendicitis operation?

Complete this explation using these word

After food - on an empty – stomach - to take - every hours - every 6 hours – three - two – Not allergic - antibiotics - containers - instruction

Midwife : This antibiotics are for you to take home and I would like to explain about it . There are (1)............on the labels, but it helps if we talk about it one by one as well.

There are (2)..................separate (3).....................(4).............here look at the (5)...............There are (6)......................penicillin. You need (7)...............these (8)................and an hour before food or (9).............. These are the best ones for your infection as you have said before that you are not (10)............to penicillin. The other antibiotics is metronidazole , which you need (11)..........(12)........but this time with or (13).......................

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DAFTAR PUSTAKA Bradley, R. (2008). English For Nursing and Health Care. Mc Graw Hill:New York Cox, K & Hill, D (2004). English For Academic Purposes. Pearson Longman : Australia Eastwood, J (1999). Oxford Practice Grammar . Oxford University Press : China Kerr. R. & Smith, J., (1982) . NUCLEUS. English for Science and Technology. Longman:USA Pramudya . L (2008). English For the Profesional Nurses: EPN Consultan : Jakarta Redaksi PM (2012). Buku Jagoan Cepat Menguasai Grammar. Pustaka Makmur : Jakarta Salina, S & Mastura,M (2008). Nursing Your English. Pearson Prentice Hall : Malaysia Soars,L & John (…) New Headway English Course. Oxford University Press: Oxford

======================= end of modul 1 =============================

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MODUL 2

Part of speech 1

Penulis Kh Endah Widhi Astuti, M.Mid

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MODUL 2 Daftar isi Cover................................................................................................................... Daftar isi.............................................................................................................. Pendahuluan....................................................................................................... Kegiatan Belajar 1 : noun-adjective................................................................. Tujuan Pembelajaran Umum................................................................... Tujuan Pembelajaran Khusus................................................................ Pokok- pokok materi............................................................................... Uraian materi.......................................................................................... Rangkuman.......................................................................................... Tugas mandiri........................................................................................ Test Formatif.......................................................................................... Kegiatan Belajar 2:

verb – adverb ................................................................

Tujuan Pembelajaran Umum.................................................................. Tujuan Pembelajaran Khusus............................................................... Pokok- pokok materi.............................................................................. Uraian materi......................................................................................... Rangkuman............................................................................................. Test Formatif.......................................................................................... Test Akhir .......................................................................................................... Acuan Pustaka..................................................................................................

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Kegiatan Belajar 1 NOUN- ADJECTIVE  2x100 menit


II.

Tujuan pembelajaran Umum : Setelah mempelajari kegiatan belajar 1 mahasiswa diharapkan mampu menjelaskan noun dan adjectives Tujuan pembelajaran khusus: Setelah menyelesaikan pembelajaran pada kegiatan belajar 1 ini diharapkan mahasiswa mampu : a. Menjelaskan pengertian noun b. Menjelaskan bentuk noun c. Mengidentifikasi macam macam noun d. Mengidentifikasi tipe tipe noun e. Menyebutkan number of noun f.

Menjelaskan tentang noun classes

g. Menjelaskan noun clause h. Menjelaskan pengertian adjective

III.

i.

Menjelaskan jenis adjective

j.

Menjelaskan tentang adjective clause

Pokok – Pokok Materi A. Pengertian noun B. Bentuk noun C. Macam macam noun D. Tipe tipe noun E. Number noun F. Noun classes G. Noun clause H. Pengertian adjective I.

Jenis adjective

J. Adjective clausa

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Bahan ajar mata kuliah URAIAN MATERI

Didalam bahasa Inggris (grammar) terdapat “delapan bagian “ yang biasa dikenal dengan “PART OF SPEECH”

PARTS OF SPEECH Noun

Interjection Verb

Conjunction Adjective

Preposition Adverb

pronoun

Bacalah paragraph dibawah ini dan perhatikan kata kata yang dihitamkan (bold)

Ratna is a midwifery student. She is a very hardworking student. Ratna always passes her midwifery subject. However, she is very weak in English. She speaks English poorly and her spelling is very bad. Her friends can barely understand her when she speaks. So, her lecturer advices her to improve her English. Yesterday, she went to the bookshop and bought an English book. She find the book interesting and could not wait for her first English lesson to start. Good luck Ratna !

Kata yang yang dihitamkan pada paragraph diatas adalah bagian dari part of speech dan masing masing mempunyai fungsi yang berbeda beda.

NOUN A Noun is a name of a person, animal, place or thing (nama orang, binatang atau sesuatu) Contoh: a midwifery student

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Bahan ajar mata kuliah VERB A verb may be said to be a”doing word” or an action word ( kata kerja ) contoh ; pass, is

ADJECTIVE An adjective describes a noun ( kata sifat adalah kata yang digunakan untuk menambahkan arti pada kata benda atau kata yang menerangkan kata benda) Contoh: hardworking

ADVERB An adverb generally modifies a verb ( kata keterangan yang memberikan kejelasan terhadap kata kerja) Contoh: poorly

PRONOUN A pronoun is a word that takes the place of a noun ( kata ganti yang digunakan menggantikan orang atau benda) contoh: she

PREPOSITION A preposition is a word that takes the place of a noun ( kata yang ditempatkan sebelum kata benda) contoh : to

CONJUNCTION A conjunction is a word used to joint words and clauses ( kata penghubung yang berfungsi untuk menghubungkan dua kalimat atau lebih menjadi satu kalimat) contoh: so

EXCLAMATION / INTERJECTION An exclamation or interjection expresses sudden emotion (kata seru adalah kata yang digunakan untuk mengungkapkan suatu perasaan yang kuat seperti kekaguman, rasa sakit, atau kegembiraan) contoh : Good Luck Ratna

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Bahan ajar mata kuliah Marilah kita mulai dengan pembahasan kita yang pertama yaitu tentang noun

I.

NOUNS A. Pengertian Noun Noun atau kata benda adalah kata yang digunakan untuk menunjukkan nama orang, tempat, hal, kualitas, juga gagasan.

B. Bentuk-bentuk Noun 1. Concrete Noun Yaitu kata benda yang terwujud, dapat dilihat atau disentuh. Contoh: gold, iron, table, chair, dog, cat, book, pencil, etc. 2. Abstract Noun Abstract Noun yaitu kata benda yang tak dapat dilihat atau disentuh. Contoh: agreement, kindness, statement, etc.

C. Macam-Macam nouns 1. Proper nouns ( kata benda nama diri ) Contoh: Adam, Surabaya, Medan, New York 2. Common Nouns ( kata benda umum ) Contoh: Stone, Iron,Diamond,sand 3. Collective Nouns (kata benda kumpulan) Contoh: Group, Club, Class

D. Tipe-Tipe Nouns 1. Countable Nouns Adalah Kata benda yang dapat dihitung. Contoh: table, car, chair, man, hospital, midwife, wheelchair, etc 2. Uncountable Nouns Adalah Kata benda yang tak dapat dihitung Contoh: water, sugar, butter, dust, coffee, bread

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Bahan ajar mata kuliah E. Number nouns 1. Singular Nouns (kata benda tunggal) Kata benda tunggal bersama artikel a atau an. Contoh: a book (sebuah buku), an apple ( sepotong apel), a box (sebuah kotak) 2. Plural Nouns (kata benda jamak) Kata benda yang menunjukkan bahwa kata benda tersebut lebih dari satu. Contoh: I want to buy five pencils The pens are on the table

Contoh : Plural and singular noun (kata benda tunggal dan jamak)

Regular (kata

Singular

Plural

(tunggal)

( jamak)

Patient

patients

Ward

Wards

Ditambah

Nurse

Nurses

“s”

Doctor

Doctors

Virus

Viruses

Class

Classes

Midwife

miidwives

Body

Bodies

Baby

Babies

Lady

Ladies

Child

chlidren

Woman

Women

Fish

Fish

Furniture

Furniture

Truth

Truth

Honesty

Honesty

benda

beraturan dengan menambahkan

Ditambah

s,es, ies)

“es”

Ditambah “ies”

Irregular ( tidak beraturan) Irregular ( tidak beraturan )

(tidak berubah) sama antara plural dan singular

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Bacalah paragraph dibawah ini, pahami isinya dan identifikasikan nouns kemudian isikan pada kotak dibawahnya.

NO WALKERS FOR BABIES

Physiotherapists in Britain claimed that baby walkers could be harmful for babies. Baby walkers are said to be responsible for injuring 4.000 children a year in Britain. Hence, these physiotherapists called for a ban on baby walkers.

They also claimed that baby walkers disrupt the ability of children to develop walking and visual skills and prevent them from exploring their surroundings.

Meanwhile, physiotherapists in the US found that children who have used baby walkers take a longer time to sit upright, crawl and walk. The findings also indicated that babies, who had been in walkers, did not perform well in mental tests.. Latihan 1 Singular

Plural Baby walkers

Carilah kata kata sulit yang belum anda ketahui artinya dan lihat dalam kamus anda.

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Bahan ajar mata kuliah F. Noun classes 1. Masculine Gender Kata benda jenis kelamin laki-laki. Contoh: Father, Uncle, boy, Husband 2. Feminime Gender Kata benda jenis kelamin perempuan. Contoh: Mother, Aunt, Wife 3. Neuter Gender nouns Kata benda yang tak berjenis kelamin, atau netral. Contoh: Bus, car, book 4. Common Gender Nouns Kata benda yang berjenis kelamin umum. Contoh: Baby , Friend, Teacher

Latihan 2. Bacalah dengan cermat, pahami isinya dan Identifikasi noun dalam paragraph di bawah ini. Mrs Joan is a 45 year old midwife, who was referred to a consultant neurologist by her family doctor. Of late, Mrs Joan always experience dizziness when she walks for a long distance. Mrs Joan told the neurologist that she is unable to run but is able to ride motorcycle.

G. Noun Clause Noun clause adalah klausa yang berfungsi sebagai nomina karena fungsinya sebagai nomina, maka noun clause dapat menduduki posisi-posisi berikut: 1). Subject kalimat (subject of a sentence) Contoh: 

What you said doesn‟t convince me at all.



How he becomes so rich makes peoples curious.



What the salesman has said is untrue



That the world is round is a fact.

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Bahan ajar mata kuliah 2). Object verba transitif( object of a transitive verb) Contoh: 

I know what you mean.



I don‟t understand what he is talking about.



He said that his son would study in Australia.

3). Object preposisi ( object of a preposition) Contoh : 

Please listen to what your teacher is saying



Be careful of what you’re doing

4). Pelengkap ( complement) Contoh : 

This is what i want



That is what you need

5). Pemberi keterangan tambahan ( noun in apposition) Contoh : 

The idea that people can live without oxygen is unreasonable



The fact that Adam always come late doesn‟t surprise me

Latihan 3 . Isilah titik titik dengan jawaban di sebelah kanan ( jawaban boleh digunakan lebih dai satu pertanyaan.

1. Nick is ..........owns enormous dog

a. the man that

2. Jack is ............plays the guitar

b. woman who sit beside me

3. ............................is a midwife

c. the man who

4. The man .......repaired my car is a real expert

d. Who / that

5. I thought I recognized the assistant................served us

Apakah anda sudah memahami tentang kata benda ? sekarang marilah kita lanjutkan dengan materi tentang kata sifat

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Bahan ajar mata kuliah ADJECTIVES / kata sifat

H. Pengertian Adjectives Kata sifat adalah kata yang digunakan untuk menambahkan arti pada kata yang menerangkan kata benda contoh: 1. Midwife Andini is a caring person Adjective- caring describes the noun person 2. The ward is tidy Adjective – tidy POSISI ATAU LETAK ADJECTIVES 1. Sebelum kata benda Contoh: a.

The contaminated needle must be disposed of Adjective

noun

b. The haughty doctor ordered me to observe the patient‟s vital signs Adjective

noun

2. Setelah kata kerja seperti: like be, seem, appear, look, sound, smell, taste, feel, become, get. contoh: a. The patient seems withdrawn today Verb b.

adjective

I felt relief that the operation was a success Verb adjective

c. The water in the tank is murky Be verb adjective

Latihan 4. Berikan garis bawah pada kata adjectives dalam kalimat dibawah ini

1. The newborn baby became restless when his diaper was soiled 2. The overweight child prefers sedentary activities 3. Normally, a toothbrush head gets worn, split and uneven after three months 4. He appeared uneasy when we asked about her disease 5. The cough syrup tastes bitter. However, the young boy was brave enough to swallow it 6. Certain bacteria or tissues are acid-fast

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Bahan ajar mata kuliah 7. Studies show that almost two-thirds of those taking anti-high blood pressure medicines stop taking them within three years. 8. Menstrual flow become a problem if it is very heavy or frequent and might lead to iron deficiency anaemia 9. Hormonal imbalances and lack of physical activities can contribute to childhood obesity

10. Natural milk product are the best source of calcium as they enhance calcium absorption within the body.

I.

Jenis-jenis Adjectives 1. Limitting adjectives/ kata sifat terbatas Article(kata sandang), terdiri dari: a, an, dan the. 

a untuk kata berawalan consonan, contoh: a pen, a book, a cat, etc.



an untuk kata berawalan vocal, Contoh: an apple, an eagle, an hour, an orange, etc.



the untuk benda tunggal, contoh: the earth, the sea, the moon, the sun, etc.

Latihan 5. isikan a, an atau the 1. would you like ............tomato? There‟s one in ...........fridge 2. I have got...............problem with my phone bill 3. yes, go to ....fifth floor,.............lift is along the corridor. 4. I‟m going out for .....walk 5. They are on........floor in ............kitchen.

2. Demonstrative Adjectives / kata sifat penunjuk This = ini, menunjukkan benda yang dekat dalam bentuk tunggal Contoh : this is my stetoscope. These= ini, untuk menunjuk benda yang dekat dalam bentuk jamak Contoh : these house are mine

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Bahan ajar mata kuliah That = itu, untuk menunjuk benda jauh dalam bentuk tunggal Contoh : that book which you are reading is mine Those= itu, untuk menunjuk benda jauh dalam benda jamak. Contoh : those woman are our patients.

3. Possessives Adjective / kata sifat kepunyaan My=punyaku Contoh: my patient is a teacher Your= punya kamu Contoh : your neighbour is a midwife our= punya kami/kita contoh : our teacher expect us to study hard their=punya mereka contoh : their lecturers always come on time His=punya dia laki-laki Contoh: his wife is a nurse her=punya dia perempuan contoh : her husband is a doctor its= punya dia, benda mati atau binatang contoh: i have a book. Its colour is red ( untuk lebih jelasnya lihat modul 3 Kegiatan Belajar 1)

4. Numeral adjective / kata sifat bilangan 

Cardinal number (bilangan pokok) Contoh : 0 = zero 1 = one 2 = two etc



Ordinal number (bilangan urutan) Contoh : the first = ke satu the second = kedua the third = ketiga the fourth = keempat etc

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Bahan ajar mata kuliah Dalam penulisan harus diikuti oleh “the” Contoh : The fourth grade 

Fraction number (bilangan pecahan) Contoh : 1/2 = a half, ¼ = a fourth / a quarter 1/ 3 = a third 2/3 = two-third

5. Adjective of Indefinite quantity / kata sifat jumlah tidak tentu 

Many : banyak , untuk kata benda yang dapat dihitung, pada kalimat negative dan interrogative Contoh ; How many patients are there in your clinic?



Much : banyak, digunakan untuk kata benda yang tak dapat dihitung pada kalimat negative dan interogatif Contoh: Do you have much money?



A lot of : banyak , digunakan untuk kata benda yang dapat dihitung pada kalimat positif Contoh : I have a lot of patients today.



Plenty of: banyak, digunakan untuk kata benda yang dapat dihitung dan tidak dapat dihitung dalam kalimat positif Contoh : we have plenty of time You must drink plenty of water



A great many : banyak, untuk kata benda yang dapat di hitung pada kalimat positif. Contoh : My mother has a great many rings



A few : beberapa , untuk kata benda yang dapat dihitung Contoh: I hope you can stay here for a few days.



A little : sedikit, untuk kata benda yang tidak dapat di hitung Contoh : there is a little water in th bottle



Several : beberapa, untuk kata benda yang dapat dihitung Contoh: several students go to hospital today



All : semua , untuk benda yang dapat dihitung dan tidak dapat dihitung Contoh : All students must go to clinic now.

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Bahan ajar mata kuliah Latihan6 . Complete paragraph dibawah ini dengan many, few, much or little The Islanders do not have (1)..............money , and they have (2 ).............contact with the outside world. There is not (3)........chance of the place attracting large numbers of tourists. There are lots of bicycles but not (4)..............cars. And there are hardly any of the modern facilities. There are (5)............shops, and there is (6).............entertainment.

6. Interogative adjectives / kata sifat penanya terdiri dari: which, what, whose

J. Adjective Clause Adjective clause adalah klausa yang berfungsi sebagai adjective. adjective clause dimulai dengan relative pronoun atau relative adverb.

Berikut ini beberapa contoh adjective clause: 1. Adjective clause dengan relative pronoun Contoh: The man who is sitting over there is my father 2. Adjective Clause dengan relative adverb Contoh: This is the reason why she did it.

RANG KUMAN Setelah mempelajari tentang part of speech, anda semakin paham bahwa dalam setiap kalimat dalam bahasa inggris terdapat susunan kata yang masing masing mempunyai makna berbeda 1. Noun untuk menerangkan benda atau manusia 2. Adjective adalah menerangkan noun Setelah menyelesaikan kegiatan belajar 1 ini diharapkan anda akan dapat menggunakan dalam penulisan dan dapat membedakan jenis katanya untuk menambah pengetahua anda.

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TUGAS

1. Carilah artikel dalam bahasa Inggris. Carilah kata kata sulit yang belum anda pahami kemudian identifikasi noun dan adjective dalam artikel tersebut.

2. Tuliskan noun minimal 20 nouns di tempat kerja anda yang berhubungan dengan pekerjaan anda sebagai bidan sehari hari.

TES FORMATIF Choose the correct answer 1. My father is not only the town mayor, he runs …………….., too a. a business c. business b. a piece of business d. some business 2. The ………………..produced at our factory in Scotland a. good are c. goods are b. good is d. goods is 3. I was watching TV at home when suddenly ……….rang a. a doorbell c. doorbell b. an doorbell d. the doorbell 4. I’ve always liked ……………….. a. chinese food c. some food of china b. food of china d. the Chinese food 5. In England most children go …………at the age of five a. school c. to some school b. to school d. to the school.

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Bahan ajar mata kuliah 6. The government is doing nothing to help …………. a. poor c. the poors b. the poor d. the poor ones 7. The young man seem very ……….. a. sensible c. sensibley b. sensiblely d. sensibly 8. A student midwife must be ………..when reporting for duty a. pungent c. thick b. accurate d. punctual 9. Nursing report must be …………in order to avoid any legal implications a. punctual c. accurate b. painful d. haughty 10. The postpartum mother complained that the analgesic injection was …… a. anxious c. painful b. thick d. blunt

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Kegiatan Belajar 2

verb - adverb

 2 x 100 Menit

TUJUAN PEMBELAJARAN Tujuan Pembelajaran I.

Tujuan Pembelajaran Umum Setelah mempelajari kegiatan belajar 2 diharapkan mahasiswa mampu menjelaskan tentang verb - adverb

II.

Tujuan Pembelajaran khusus Setelah mempelajari kegiatan belajar 2 ini, diharapkan mahasiswa mampu a. Menjelaskan pengertian verb b. Menjelaskan jenis verb c. Menjelaskan tipe tipe verb d. Menjelaskan infinitive e. Menjelaskan reguler dan irregular verb f.

Menjelaskan auxilary verb

g. Menjelaskan causative verb h. Menjelaskan subjunctive i.

Menjalaskan gerund

j.

Menjelaskan active dan pasive voice

k. Menjelaskan pengertian adverb l. III.

Menjelaskan adverb clauses

Pokok – Pokok Materi Untuk mencapai tujuan dalam kegiatan belajar 2 ini, Anda diharapkan mempelajari tentang konsep – konsep berikut: A. Pengertian verb B. Jenis verb C. Tipe tipe verb D. infinitive

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Bahan ajar mata kuliah E. reguler dan irregular verb F. auxilary verb G. causative verb H. subjunctive I.

gerund

J. active dan pasive voice K. pengertian adverb L. adverb clauses

URAIAN MATERI Bacalah paragraph dibawah ini. Pahami isinya dan perhatikan verb pada setiap kalimat. Carilah arti kata yang di hitamkan dalam kamus.

Breast milk provides a balanced diet for infants as it contains all essential nutrients, increase immunity against diseases and improves both physical and mental growth. Thus mothers are encouraged to nurse their bundles of joy as soon as possible after the baby‟s birth. In some cultures, colostrums, the first milk that appears and which is yellowish in colour, is discarded.

Mothers

are

urged

not

to

discard

colostrums because it is extremely rich in antibodies, protein, zinc and other minerals, as well as low in lactose and fat.

Kata yang digaris bawah pada paragraph diatas adalah contoh dari verb. Sekarang marilah kita membahas tentang Verb

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1. VERB A. Pengertian verbs Verb atau kata kerja adalah semua kata yang menyatakan perbuatan dan perilaku atau pengertian dinamis. missal: work, drive, type, run, dan sebagainya.

B. Jenis-Jenis Verb 1. Transitive Verb (kata kerja transitif) Transitive verb atau kata kerja transitif adalah kata kerja yang subjeknya membutuhkan objek sebagai pelengkap untuk menyatakan suatu pengertian yang lengkap. 2. Intransitive verb (kata kerja intransitive) adalah kata kerja yang subjeknya tidak membutuhkan objek sebagai pelengkap untuk menyatakan suatu pengertian yang lengkap. 3. Verbs of incomplete Predication yaitu verba yang membutuhkan pelengkap ( complement) untuk melengkapi artinya

contoh: Student midwife Natalia Is inserting Naso gastric tube into the patient‟s stomach The doctor auscultated the patient‟s chest an hour ago.

C. Tipe verb dibagi menjadi 3 jenis yaitu 1. Continous verbs Ciri yang menonjol adalah Verbs ini merupakan kegiatan secara fisik yang biasa dilakukan orang ( to run, to walk, to eat , to fly, to go , to say ) Contoh:

I eat bread every morning

2. Noun Continous verbs Ciri yang menonjol adalah Verbs ini merupakan sesuatu yang tidak bisa orang kerjakan. kata kerja ini digunakan dalam continous tenses.

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Bahan ajar mata kuliah Macam-Macam Non Continous Verbs 

Abstract Verbs ( to be, to want , to cost , to seem, to need )



Possession verbs ( to belong , to own )



Emotion Verbs ( to like , to love , to hate, to dislike , to fear )

3. Mixed verbs Ciri yang menonjol adalah verbs ini mempunyai dua arti yaitu berlaku seperti “NonContinous verbs” dan “continous verbs” Contoh : Tony appears confused.

D. Infinitive Adalah bentuk dasar dari verb. Dalam bahasa inggris, penulisan Infinitive biasanya diawali dengan to. misalnya: (to) read, (to) eat, etc. Meskipun, pada umumnya infinitive diawali to akan tetapi ada beberapa infinitive tanpa to, biasanya disebut bare invinitive.

S +V +to infinitive

S + V + O + to infinitive

Contoh:

Contoh:

I want to study English.

I want you to study, now.

(saya ingin belajar bahasa

(saya ingin kamu belajar, sekarang)

inggris) The doctor advised him to stop He refused to go.

smoking

(Ia menolak pergi

(dokter menasehatinya untuk berhenti merokok)

Perlu diingat, bentuk kata infinitive tidak bisa ditambah –s, -es, -ed atau –ing.

1. Bentuk-bentuk infinitive 

The perfect infinitive To have + past participle Contoh : someone must have broken the window and climbed in



The continuous infinitive To be + Present participle Contoh: I happened to be waiting for the bus when the accident happened

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Bahan ajar mata kuliah 

The perfect continuous infinitive To have been + present participle Contoh: the woman seemed to have been crying



The passive Infinitive To be + past participle Contoh: I am expecting to be given a pay – rise next month

2. Penggunaan Infinitive dapat digunakan sebagai Nouns, adjectives, atau adverbs. Contoh ; To sleep is the only thing Tony wants after his double shift waiting tables at the neighbourhood cafe To sleep berfungsi sebagai nouns (kata benda) karena sleep sebagai subjek dari kalimat Latihan 1. Pilihlah jawaban yang dianggap benar 1. Hary decided ( to have / having ) a party 2. I want ( to avoid / avoiding ) hurting anyone „s feeling 3. I really dislike ( to sit / sitting) on the beach all day 4. We were planning ( hire / to hire ) a car 5. I don‟t fancy (to stay / staying) in one place all the time.

E. Regular and Irregular verbs 1. Regular verbs / kata kerja beraturan 2. Irregular verbs/ kata kerja tak beraturan Kata kerja dalam bahasa inggris yang pembentukan lampaunya (past tense atau past participle) tidak bisa ditambahkan akhiran –ed atau –d melainkan kata tersebut berubah, sesuai kaidah yang ada. Contoh : The class begins at seven o‟clock everyday My class began at seven o‟clock yesterday

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Bahan ajar mata kuliah Setelah kita mempelajari tentang kata kerja tidak beraturan marilah kita lihat contoh daftar kata yang tidak beraturan dibawah ini.

F. Auxilary verbs 1. Pengertian Merupakan kata kerja bantu yang diletakkan di depan kata kerja pokok untuk membentuk „bentuk waktu‟ (tenses), ragam grammatical (voice) dan modals. 2. Bentuk-bentuk auxiliary verbs Can digunakan untuk menyatakan kemampuan atau keahlian dan permohonan Contoh : he can speak English fluently May digunakan untuk menyatakan Permohonan izin dan kemungkinan Contoh; May I beside you ? Will digunakan untuk menyatakan Permintaan dan Janji Contoh : I will come to your home Shall digunakan untuk menyatakan Bantuan atau jasa dan Janji serta perintah yang harus dilakukan Contoh : shall I open your coat ? Must digunakan untuk menyatakan keharusan Contoh: You must go now Could: digunakan untuk menyatakan permintaan yang sopan dan kemungkinan. Contoh: could you show me the way? Might ; digunakan untuk menyatakan kemungkinan Contoh: she might need a car Would digunakan untuk menyatakan permintaan secara sopan dan keinginan bila bersama „like‟ Contoh : Would you help me , please? What would you like to buy? Should digunakan untuk menyatakan Anjuran dan Keharusan. Contoh; you are tired, you should take a rest. You should go to school.

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Bahan ajar mata kuliah Latihan 2. Pilihlah jawaban dengan Shall, might, would, mustn’t , had. 1. Everyone‟s sleep. We ............make noise. 2. ............you like to go for a ride with us 3. I wonder if this is the right way, It .................not be 4. It‟s late. I think we..............better go 5. .............I.show you the way ?. oh , thank you.

G. Causative Verbs Dapat digunakan untuk menunjukkan seseorang yang melakukan sesuatu yang diinginkan oleh orang lain. Anda bisa menggunakan kalimat permintaan bahkan dengan memaksa sekalipun.

1. Have/Get Anda dapat membuat kalimat pasif atau aktif dengan menggunakan have/get

Active

Passive

1. Subject + Have + complement (usually person)c+ V1 2. Subject + get + complement (usually person) +V1

2.

1. Subject + have + complement (usually thing) + V3 2. Subject + get + Complement (usually Thing) +V3

Contoh : The

Contoh : Fatima

doctor had his

is getting his

midwife arrange

mother to take

the meeting

her photograph

Make kita dapat menggunakan kalimat aktif dengan menggunakan make. makna make

lebih kuat daripada have/get, make lebih bersifat memaksa Subject+Make+complement+V1 Contoh : the man makes wife cook special food

Page 53

Bahan ajar mata kuliah 3. Let Anda dapat menggunakan let sebagai causative, yang berarti mengijinkan (permit/allow) Subject+let+complement+V1 Contoh : My father let his son go to Bali with his friends

Subject+(permit/allow)+complement+V1 Contoh: My mother allowed her daughter to spend the night at her friend‟s house

4. Help dapat digunakan sebagai causative. biasanya diikuti ole simple form atau infinitive. S+help+Complement+V1 Contoh : Tony helped linda find her ring

H. .Subjunctive adalah kata kerja bentuk pertama(simple form) yang ditempatkan setelah kata kerja (verb) yang lainnya. dapat digunakan apabila anda ingin menunjukkan seseorang yang menginginkan orang lain untuk melakukan sesuatu. S+Verb+that+subject+V1 Contoh kalimat: 

The hospital requires that all his midwives take this training



The teacher advised that her student study hard

Latihan 3.Pilihlah jawaban yang tepat 1.

(let’s, get ) listen to some music.

2. You should (get, have) your car serviced regularly 3. Where did you ( have , get ) your hair cut ? 4. We ( had , got) all our money stolen. 5. Laura (got, have) her shoes repaired.

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Bahan ajar mata kuliah I.

GERUND

Adalah bentuk kata kerja ing yang difungsikan sebagai kata benda

Verb + ing

Contoh; 

He is smoking ( sebagai kata kerja)



Smoking is prohibited ( sebagai gerund)

Fungsi gerund 1. Sebagai subjek Contoh : reading is good hobby Swimming is healthy sport

2. Sebagai objek Contoh : she likes cooking I love singing 3. Sebagai larangan Contoh : No smoking No parking 4. Sebagai perintah atau ajaran Contoh :Keep smiling Keep talking 5. Setelah preposition Contoh: I went without saying After dringking , i went home Kata yang diikuti gerund Finish , like , enjoy, prefer, keep, before, after, stop Contoh : She enjoy looking after her patients The baby stop crying when her mother give breastfeeding.

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Bahan ajar mata kuliah Latihan 4. Pilih jawaban yang benar 1. Just keep ( stirring / to stir ) the mixture until it boils 2. Mark promised ( to go / going ) shopping 3. Have you finish ( to type / typing) that letter? 4. We tend ( getting / to get ) up later at weekend. 5. My mother enjoy ( to travel / travelling) around the world.

J . Active – passive a. Active voice : kalimat yang subjeknya melakukan pekerjaan

S + V1 + es/es

Contoh: 

They bring two flowers



The patient moves his bowels twice a day

b. Passive voice Adalah kalimat yang subjeknya di kenai perbuatan

S + to be + Viii + by + O Subyeknya berasal dari obyek pada kalimat pasif Contoh Active : Sally feeds the patients in the morning Passive : The patients are fed by sally in the morning

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Latihan5. Buatlah kalimat passive dibawah ini 1. Mrs Mirna …………………(give) a 500 mg Ampicillin injection six hourly. 2. These procedures …………………..usually ………………….(perform) by the student midwife 3. All disposable equipment …………………….(discard) immediately after use 4. These are the steps to prepare the dressing trolley. First, the trolley …………..(wash) with soap and water. However , sometimes it ………………(map) with antiseptic and later 5. It ………………….(dry). All sterile equipment …………………(place) on the top shelf while all non-sterile equipment ……………………(put) on the bottom shelf.

2. ADVERBS / kata keterangan

K. Adverbs adalah kata keterangan yang menerangkan verb, adjectives atau adverb yang lain atau menambahkan kejelasan arti pada kata kerja contoh: 1. We must examine the patients thoroughly Adverb – thoroughly describes the action examine 2. The clinical assistant walked hastily towards the ambulance Adverb-hastily describes the action walked

L. Adverb clausa : Adverbs dikategorikan dalam beberapa klas menurut penggunaaaanya. Macam macam adverb clausa : a) Adverbs of manner Adverbs of manner adalah keterangan yang menyatakan cara contoh: -

He eats alone

-

The doctor examines his patients conscientiously

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Bahan ajar mata kuliah b). Adverbs of place Adverbs of place adalah menyatakan tempat. contoh: -

She searched for the psychiatric patient everywhere.

-

I shall meet you here tomorrow

c). Adverbs of time Adverbs of time digunakan untuk menyatakan waktu atau ketika sesuatu terjadi. contoh: -

The surgeon are performing the operation now.

-

We have already documented the procedure.

d). Adverbs of degree Adverbs of degree digunalan untuk menyatakan suatu keadaan atau suatu kegiatan contoh: -

The surgical wound is healing very well.

-

The admission and emergency Department is quite busy during the festive season due to the increase in road accidents

e). Adverbs of frequency Adverbs of frequency

digunakan untuk menunjukan berapa sering kegiatan atau

aktifitas dilakukan. contoh: -

Patients in the intensive Care Unit must always be monitored

-

She constantly complains of angina.

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Bahan ajar mata kuliah Penulisan Adverb Biasanya adverb dibentuk dari adjectives dengan menambahkan ly. Adverbs ending in –y Adverbs ending in –ily

Examples: 

Full

-

Fully



Simple

-

simply



Legible

-

Legibly



Probable

-

Probably

Examples: 

Easy

-

Easily



Noisy

-

Noisily



Hungry

-

Hungrily



Voluntary

-

Votluntarily

Adverbs ending with –iy

Adverbs ending in-ally

Examples:

Examples: 

Scientific

-

Scientifically



Systematic

-

systematically



Surgical

-

Surgically

Adverbs, like adjectives, form their opposites with prefixes. Examples: 

Uncertainly



Illegibly



Impatiently



Uncaringly



Proper

-

Properly



Accurate

-

Accurately



Meticulous

-

Meticulously



Cheerful

-

Cheerfully

Some adverbs do not have prefix or suffix. Examples:  Fast  Hard  Loud  Early

Page 59

Bahan ajar mata kuliah Latihan 6. Berikan garis bawah pada jawaban yang benar 1. The ambulance rushed (slowly, speedily) along the highway to take the patient to the hospital 2. The students nurses made up the bed (neatly, lazily) to make it comfortable for the patient 3. The doctor advised me to take my medication (regularly, frequently) 4. The midwife (clumsily, carefully) spilled some disinfectant on the bed linen 5. Despite their grief, the relatives of the patient were glad that she died (awkwardly, peacefully) 6. The mother of the newborn baby is happy to see the baby sleeping (restlessly, soundly) in his crib 7. Dr.Ahmad always prefers to eat (lonely, alone) at the food court 8. They are extremely displeased with the patients for behaving (rudely, wisely) towards the nurses 9. After visiting hours, relatives of the patients are (patiently, politely) asked to leave 10. The opening ceremony of the International midwifery conference will start (shortly, quickly). I hope we will not be late.

RANG KUMAN Semoga anda semakin paham dan semakin bersemangat untuk belajar bahasa Inggris, Kegiatan belajar diatas merupakan dasar untuk dalam mempelajari bahasa Inggris.Dari pembelajaran diatas dapat kita ambil kesimpulan bahwa 1. Verb adalah kata kerja dimana semua kalimat dalam bahasa inggris harus ada verb 2. Adverb adalah kata yang menjelaskan tentang kata kerja. Demikian pembelajaran kita kali ini. Sekali lagi, Selamat anda telah menyelesaikan modul 2, semoga apa yang anda pelajari dapat bermanfaat. Kita lanjutkan pada modul 3.

Page 60


TES FORMATIF Choose the correct answer 1. I think I’ll buy these shoes……..really well a. They fit c. they are fitting b. They have fit d. they were fitting 2. We……….to Ireland for our holidays last year a. Goes c. have gone b. Going d. went 3. At nine o’clock yesterday morning we…………. For the bus a. Wait c. was waiting b. Waiting d. were waiting 4. I …..like that coat . It’s really nice a. Am c. very b. Do d. yes 5. Our friends………………..meet us at the airport tonight a. Are c. go to b. Are going to d. will be to 6. We can’t go along here because the road is ………… a. Been repaired c. repair b. Being repaired d. repaired 7. I can remember ………….voices in the middle of the night a. Hear c. hearing b. Heard d. to hear 8. Susan has to work very hard, I …………….do her job. I’m sure a. can’t c. don’t b. couldn’t d. shouldn’t 9. They raised the money simply …………….for it. It was easy a. Asking c. of asking b. By asking d. with asking 10. The driver was arrested failing ………..an accident a. Of report c. reporting b. Report d. to report

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A. B. C.

UMPAN BALIK DAN TINDAK LANJUT Rumus : Jumlah pilihan yang benar x 100 % Jumlah soal (score maksimal)

Jika anda mencapai nilai <75 %, maka anda harus mengulangi kembali materi kegitan belajar 2.

TEST AKHIR Choose the correct answer 1. We gave ………..a meal a. at the visitors

c. the visitors

b. for the visitors

d. to the visitors

2. I‟m busy at the moment……….on the computer a. I work

c. I‟m work

b. I‟m working

d. I working

3. Where ………………………………………the car ? a. did you park

c. parked you

b. did you parked

d. you parked

4. What „s the weather like in Canada? How often ……………………………….there ? a. does it snow

c. snow it

b. does it snows

d. snows it

5. The chemist‟s was open , so luckily I ………………………………..buy some aspirin. a. can

c. did can

b. can‟t

d. was able to

6. ………………………….I carry that bag for you?..Oh , thank you a. do

c. will

Page 62

Bahan ajar mata kuliah b. shall

d. Would

7. The story I‟ve just read ………………………………Agatha Christie a. was written

c. was written from

b. was written by

d. wrote

8. Some film stars ………………………be difficult to work with a. are said

c. say

b. are said to

d. say to

9. Someone suggested ………………………………..for a walk a. go

c. of going

b. going

d. to go

10. The police want …………………………anything suspicious a. that we report

c. us to report

b. us reporting

d. we report

11. Did you congratulate Tessa …………………her exam? a. of passing

c. passing

b. on passing

d. to pass

12. I need to buy…………………………………………………… a. a bread

c. a loaf of bread

b. a loaf bread

d. breads

13. I‟m looking for ………………………………..to cut this string a. a pair scissors

c. a scissors

b. a scissor

d. some scissors

14. It‟s so boring here, nothing ever happens in ……………..place a. that

c. this

b. these

d. those

15. There‟s …………………..use in complaining. They probably won‟t do anything about it. a. a few

c. few

b. a little

d. little

16. Let‟s stop and have a coffee,………………..a café over there, look. a. is

c. there

b. it‟s

d. there‟s

17. The house was………………building a. a nice old stone

c. a stone old nice

Page 63

Bahan ajar mata kuliah b. a nice stone old

d. an old nice stone

18. I…………………missed the bus. I was only just in time to catch it a. mostly

c. nearest

b. near

d. nearly

19. We‟ve lived in this flat…………………..five years a. ago

c. for

b. already

d. since

20. I prefer dogs ………………………..cats. I hate cats a. from

c. than

b. over

d. To

21. When I looked round the door , the baby …………. a. is sleeping

c. was sleeping

b. slept

d. were sleeping

22. We ………….. to Ireland for our holidays last year a. goes

c. have gone

b. going

d. went

23. You haven‟t eaten your pudding,…………………it ? a. are you no want

c. don‟t want you

b. do you no want

d. don‟t you want ?

24. Someone ……………….the tickets are free a. said me

c. told me

b. said me that

d. told to me

25. What‟s the name of the man ……….gave us a lift a. he

c. which

b. what

d. who

26. Susan is the woman …………… husband is in hospital a. her

c. whose

b. hers the

d. whose the

27. If ……………….my passport, I‟ll be in trouble a. I lose

c. I lost

b. I‟ll lose

d. I would lose

28. If the bus to airport hadn‟t been so late, we……………..the plane a. caught

c. would catch

Page 64

Bahan ajar mata kuliah b. had caught

d. would have caught

29. I just had to take………..the dog out……….of the awful weather a. although

c. even though

b. despite

d. in spite

30. Anna put the electric fire on ……………..warm a. for getting

c. so she gets

b. in order get

d. to get

DAFTAR PUSTAKA Bradley, R. (2008). English For Nursing and Health Care. Mc Graw Hill:New York Cox, K & Hill, D (2004). English For Academic Purposes. Pearson Longman : Australia Easwood, J. ( 1999 ). Oxford Practice Grammar . Oxford University Press : China Kerr. R. & Smith, J., (1982) . NUCLEUS. English for Science and Technology. Longman:USA Redaksi PM (2012). Buku Jagoan Cepat Menguasai Grammar. Pustaka Makmur : Jakarta Salina, S & Mastura,M (2008). Nursing Your English. Pearson Prentice Hall : Malaysia Soars,L & John (…) New Headway English Course. Oxford University Press: Oxford

=========================== end of modul 2============================

MODUL 3 Page 65


Part of speech 2

Penulis Kh Endah Widhi Astuti, M.Mid

Modul 3 Page 66

Bahan ajar mata kuliah Daftar isi Cover...................................................................................................................

1

Daftar isi..............................................................................................................

2

Pendahuluan.......................................................................................................

3

Kegiatan Belajar 1 : Pronoun - Preposition......................................................... Tujuan Pembelajaran Umum...................................................................

5


5

Pokok- pokok materi...............................................................................

5

Uraian materi..........................................................................................

6

Rangkuman..........................................................................................

14

Tugas mandiri........................................................................................

14

Test Formatif..........................................................................................

15

Kegiatan Belajar 2:

Conjunction- Interjection-Comparison............................

Tujuan Pembelajaran Umum..................................................................

17

Tujuan Pembelajaran Khusus...............................................................

17

Pokok- pokok materi..............................................................................

17

Uraian materi.........................................................................................

18

Rangkuman.............................................................................................

28

Test Formatif..........................................................................................

28

Tugas mandiri.........................................................................................

29

Test Akhir ..........................................................................................................

31

Acuan Pustaka..................................................................................................

34

Page 67


KEGIATAN BELAJAR 1 PRONOUN -PREPOSITION prono

 2x100 menit

TUJUAN PEMBELAJARAN

I.

Tujuan pembelajaran Umum : Setelah mempelajari kegiatan belajar 1, mahasiswa diharapkan mampu menjelaskan pronoun dan preposition

II.

Tujuan pembelajaran khusus: Setelah menyelesaikan kegiatan belajar 1 diharapkan mahasiswa mampu : k. Menjelaskan pengertian pronoun l.

Menjelaskan bentuk pronoun

m. Mengidentifikasi jenis pronoun n. Menjelaskan pengertian preposition o. Menjelaskan jenis preposition

III.

Pokok – Pokok Materi K. Pengertian pronoun L. Bentuk pronoun M. Jenis –jenis pronoun N. Pengertian prepostion

O. Jenis preposition

Page 68


URAIAN MATERI

Bacalah paragraph di bawah ini Pahami isinya dan idetinfikasi kata kata sulit yang belum anda pahami.

In 1850, florence attended a training school for nurses. At that time, nursing was an infamous profesion as nursing care was only given by women of low moral standard. Hence, it was against the societal code for affluent young English women to be involved is such a profession. Miss Nightingale‟s parents initially opposed to her career choice but finally approved and gave her their blessings after Mr.Nightingale became ill and received attentive care from his daughter. Later, her father granted an allowance, which allowed her to continue her training and work in London.

Anda pastinya sudah dapat membedakan antara noun, adjective, verb, adverb. Pada kegiatan belajar ini anda akan mempelajari tentang pronoun. Tahukah anda kata kata yang termasuk pronoun dalam paragraph diatas ? marilah kita mempelajarinya saat ini.

A. PRONOUNS / kata ganti adalah kata ganti yang digunakan untuk menggantikan orang atau benda

B. Terdapat 2 bentuk pronouns: 

Personal Pronouns / kata ganti orang atau benda



Possessives Pronouns/ kata ganti milik

Page 69


Personal Subjek

pronouns Objek

Possessive pronouns Possessive

Possessive

Adjective

pronouns

Reflexive pronouns

I

Me

Mine

Mine

Myself

You

You

Your

Yours

Yourself

He

Him

His

His

Himself

She

Her

Her

Hers

Herself

It

It

Its

Its

Itself

We

Us

Our

Our

Ourselves

They

Them

Their

Their

themselves

Lihat contoh dibawah ini

PERSONAL

POSSESIVES



I have a Forbes watch.





The Forbes watch is mine.

You bought a pair of crutches.





The pair of crutches is yours.

She owns a pharmacy.





The pharmacy is hers.

He took the children to the hospital.





The children are his.

We built a therapeutic garden in the



The therapeutic garden is ours.



The classroom is theirs.



its monitor is faulty.

ward.



They clean the classroom.



The monitor of the computer is faulty. It has been sent to the lab to be repaired.

Page 70


Latihan 1. Isilah titik titik dibawah ini dengan possessive adjectives contoh : she is admiring her brand new uniform 1. The surgeons are trying to identify ………………..weakness in the previous operation. 2. I have found a matric card which I handed over to aishah. It is ……………..matric card 3. The hospital is very large ………………….staff are highly efficient 4. My one year old daughter opens …………………..bowel once every 3 or 4 days 5. Encourage your child‟s independence and allow him to make……………..own decision 6. Midwives must observe the 5Cs‟ in caring-compasion, conscience, competence, confidence and commitment in ………………….profession. 7. ……………………….lifestyle determines our health 8. He drew the diagram of the heart in detail. The diagram shows the heart with …………walls an four chambers. 9. The ECG machine broke down just now…………………monitor was blank when I switched it on..

C. Jenis Jenis pronoun 3. Demonstrative Pronoun / kata ganti penunjuk

This : ini, untuk menunjuk benda dekat tunggal These : ini , digunakan untuk benda dekat jamak That : itu, untuk benda jauh tunggal Those : itu, untuk benda jauh jamak

Contoh : This is my pen These are our pens That is your car Those are your cars

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4. Indifinitive pronouns / kata ganti benda tak tentu Each ; tiap tiap / setiap One / ones : yang lainnya , yang satu Each other; satu sama lain, untuk 2 orang One another : satu sama lain untuk lebih dari 2 orang Another : yang lain, untuk benda tunggal tak tentu Others ; yang lain, untuk benda jamak tak tentu The other : yang lain , untuk benda tunggal tertentu The others : yang lain, untuk benda jamak tertentu Both : kedua , untuk orang atau benda Few : sedikit Many ;banyak

Contoh Ana and alike help each other with their work One another has the same meaning Our house is the one on the left There are many books on the table I;ve got two bicycle, both of them are quite old Few customers have some into the shop

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Latihan 2.

Yourself

it

some

us

me

Ones

there

each other‟s

1. Take care, won‟t you. Anna look after...... 2. Yes,.......would be lovely to see you again 3. If you want some apples, I‟ll get you ..... 4. We have brought some food with ..... 5. Who does this CD belong to ? .................I have just bought it 6. The shop doesn‟t sell new books. It only sells old......... 7. Is..............a post office near here, please 8. The two girls often wear .............clothes

5. Relative pronouns/ kata ganti penghubung Digunakan untuk menghubungkan dua buah kalimat yang memiliki subjek atau objek yang sama, sehingga pengulangan subjek atau objek tersebut. Dalam bahasa Indonesia diterjemahkan” yang”

Who: digunakan untuk mennggantikan orang sebagai subjek The man is standing over there He is my teacher The man who is standing over there is my teacher Whom : digunakan untuk menggantikan orang sebagai objek The man is Mr Joni I admire him The man whom i admire is Mr. Joni

Page 73

Bahan ajar mata kuliah Which : digunakan untuk menggantikan bend

(selain orang), baik sebagai subjek

maupun objek

I am reading a book I bought the book yesterday I am reading a book which I bought yesterday That : digunakan untuk orang, benda atau binatang, baik sebagai subjek maupun objek He lent me a book The book is very boring The book that he lent me is very boring

Whose : digunakan untuk menghubungkan dua kalimat yang mengandung unsure kepemilikan. Bias diterjemahkan dengan “ yang.....nya”

Jack is a good basketball player His father is a marketing manager in my company Jack whose father is a marketing manager in my company is a good basketball player

Page 74

Bahan ajar mata kuliah Latihan 3.

Which

who

whom

where

which

whose

1. The plane ................has just taken off is an hour late 2. My friend Siti, ...............works at royal hospital earns much more than i do 3. Diana is someone with.............. i usually agree 4. Jakarta is the city....................the Sea games were held in 2011 5. It rained all the time,................was a great pity 6. We passed shops..................windows were decorated for idul fitri

D. PREPOSITIONS / kata depan Preposotions adalah kata depan yaitu kata yang ditempatkan sebelum kata benda yang menunjukkan hubungan dengan bagian bagian kalimat yang lain. kata ini menunjukan waktu, posisi/ letak dan arah.

Daftar preposisi yang biasa digunakan: About

Above

Across

After

Against

Along

Among

Around

At

Before

Below

Beneath

Beside

Between

By

Down

During

Except

For

From

In

in front of

Into

Near

Of

Off

On

Over

Round

Since

Throught

Till

To

Towards

Under

Underneath

Until

Up

Upon

With

Within

Without

Page 75

Bahan ajar mata kuliah contoh:  The paramedic is standing in front of the ambulance.  Her morning shift starts at 7 a.m.  The patient has been in comatose for 2 days.

E. Jenis – jenis preposition 1. At , in ( tempat ) In dipakai untuk nama negeri dan kota besar At dipakai untuk kota kecil Dina live in Jakarta I passed my holiday at solo

2. At, In, on (waktu ) At dipakai untuk waktu yang tepat, in untuk suatu bagian waktu dan on untuk nama hari atau tanggal I usually go to school at seven a‟clock Midwife sinta works in the afternoon shift

3. Beside ( kegiatan nyata ), besides ( untuk pernyataan)

She was sitting beside me My friend studies French besides english

4. Berween , among Between : diantara 2. Among : diantara banyak I stand between the two of girls I stand among a crowd of girls

Page 76

Bahan ajar mata kuliah 5. By , before, since ( dipakai dalam batas waktu tertentu ) You must go home by seven o‟clock The employees didn‟t go home before five o‟clock She has been here since five o‟clock

Latihan 4. Fill in the blanks with the correct Prepositions from the box In

on

at

of

for

with

from

about

A 62-year-old widow is appealing (1)…………financial help for her dialysis treatment. Mrs Fatimah of Surabaya, needs (2) ………….Rp 3 million a month for her dialysis treatment and several hundred thousand Rupiah a month for medication for hypertension. She suffers (3)………anaemia as well. Her husband passed away five months ago, and one (4)….…..her sons, who is working (5)……..singapore is supporting her (6)………………Rp 2 millions monthly allowance, but this is not enough to cover her medical expenses. Her other son is jobless. I have been depending (7)…………….friends for help. Fatimah who is now staying alone, said.

Those who wish to help her

can contact

her

sister-in-law,

Mrs latifa

(8)……………0817956432.

Page 77


RANG KUMAN Setelah mempelajari tentang pronoun dan preposition dapat kita ambil kesimpulan bahwa pronoun merupakan kata ganti benda atau orang yang banyak sekali bentuknya. Sedangkan preposition adalah kata depan baik untuk menunjukkan tempat, waktu dan kegiatan.

Setelah menyelesaikan kegiatan belajar 1 ini diharapkan anda akan dapat menggunakan dalam penulisan dan dapat membedakan kata dalam referensi yang anda baca. Sekarang marilah kita lanjutkan ke kegiatan Belajar 2.

TUGAS

a. Carilah artikel dalam bahasa bahasa Inggris. Carilah kata kata sulit yang belum anda pahami kemudian carilah pahamilah tentang pronoun dan prepositionnya.

b. Buatlah contoh 10 kalimat yang menggunakan pronoun dan 10 kalimat yang menggunakan preposition yang berhubungan dengan profesi anda sebagai seorang bidan.

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TES FORMATIF Choose the correct answer 1. Peter has two brothers, but he doesn’t speak to ……………..of them 1 any c. either 2 both d. neither 2. ……………….has left a bicycle outside a. anyone c. someone b. anything d. something 3. Would mind waiting ……………minutes a. a few c. few b. a little d. little 4. ………..countries still have a king or a queen, don’t they ? a. any c. part b. half d. some 5. Everyone in the group shook hands with ……… a. each other c. one the other b. one other d. themselves 6. You can see all the information ……………the screen a. at c. in b. from d, on 7. Are these picture …………sale ? a. at c. inside b. in d. on 8. I have lived here …………last year a. after c. for b. by d. since 9. We do most of our business ………… summer a. along c. in b. at d. on 10. We are bored ……………this game a. about c. for b. at with

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Kegiatan Belajar 2

Conjunction – interjection- comparative  2x100 menit

TUJUAN PEMBELAJARAN

I.

Tujuan pembelajaran Umum : Setelah mempelajari kegiatan belajar 2 mahasiswa diharapkan mampu menjelaskan conjunction , interjection , comparative

II.

Tujuan pembelajaran khusus:Setelah menyelesaikan kegiatan belajar 2 mahasiswa mampu : a. Menjelaskan pengertian conjunction b. Menjelaskan bentuk conjunction c. Menjelaskan jenis conjunction d. Mengidentifikasi fungsi conjunction e. Menjelaskan pengertian interjection p. Menjelaskan pengertian comparative q. Menjelaskan pattern dari comparative

III.

Pokok – Pokok Materi a. Pengertian conjunction b. Bentuk conjunction c. Jenis conjunction d. Fungsi conjunction e. Pengertian interjecrion f.

Pengertian comparative

g. Pattern comparative

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Uraian materi Bacalah paragraph di bawah ini !! pahami isinya dan carilah kata kata sulit dalam kamus

Mature breast milk appears between two and five days after birth. Babies find it easier to digest breast milk because it contains a higher ration of whey to casein (both are types of protein) compared to cow‟s milk. This is because whey is more tolerated by an infant‟s digestive system. Lactose , the only type of carbohydrate in breast milk, also helps digestion and provides energy to the babies. Its presence helps the infants to absorb essential nutrients such as calcium, phosphorus and magnesium. General perception claims that many Asian babies are lactose-intolerant. Contrary to this claim, studies show that lactose-intolerance actually develops during childhood and very few infants are allergic towards lactose. In fact, lactoglobin in cow‟s milk is the main cause of allergies among babies. Breast-fed babies sleep better compared to babies drinking cow milk due to the hormone melatonin, which is found in human milk.

Setelah anda membaca paragrap diatas, marilah kita perhatikan bahwa banyak conjuction dan comparison yang terdapat dalam paragraph tersebut. Marilah kita bahas tentang conjunction dan comparison.

1. CONJUNCTIONS / kata penghubung

A. Conjunctions adalah kata penghubung yang fungsinya untuk menghubungkan dua kalimat atau lebih menjadi satu.

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Bahan ajar mata kuliah Contoh conjunction yang sering di gunakan

- But (tetapi ) - And ( dan )

- Not only .......but also ( tidak hanya....tetapi juga.......)

- Although ( walaupun )

- Because ( karena )

- If (jika)

- So that ( agar / supaya)

- Or ( atau )

- Where (dimana)

- After ( setelah )

- In spite of ( meskipun )

- Until (sampai) - For ( sebab / karena ) B. Bentuk conjunction 1. Single form / tunggal : and , but , because , although 2. Compound / majemuk ; provided that , as long a, in order to 3. Correlatives / menghubungkan : so....that

C. Jenis conjunction 1. Coordinating conjunction : menggabungkan 2 kalimat yang berkedudukan sama missal : and , but , or , nor, for , yet. So 2. Subordinating conjunction : menggabungkan anak kalimat dengan induk kalimatnya dan biasanya berada di awal anak kalimat : Missal ; if , after, although , as , because , before , how , if , once , since , then , that , though , till , until , when , where , whether , while.

contoh: a. Alan expects to receive free medical treatment. b. He is poor man. a. [BECAUSE] Alan expects to receive free medical

treatment

b. [Because]

He is poor man

Alan expects to receive free medical treatment because He is a poor man

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Maznah has been eating a lot of fatty foods. a. She is suffering from heart problem. a

b

Maznah has been eating a lot of fatty foods

[as a result] she is suffering from heart

problem

As a result of eating a lot of fatty foods, Maznah is suffering from heart problem. OR Maznah is suffering from heart problem as a result of eating a lot of fatty foods.

D. Fungsi dari conjunctions Conjunctions mempunyai 6 fungsi utama seperti dibawah ini:

1. ADDITION OR SIMILAR IDEAS ( ide dan kedudukan sama) and, not only …. but also, both…and, neither…nor

neither…nor

And

 Menggabungkan kalimat sama



both…and not only…but also

  Untuk penekanan  2 Menggabungkan 2 kalimat

yang

idenya negative yang mempunyai ide yang sama contoh:  Both my uncle and aunt Contoh: contoh: have contracted AIDS The midwives and the  Neither the nurse nor the  nurses of the ward are doctor is in the clinic at the  The ward is not only dirty accompanying the doctor moment. but also crowded in the ward round   The asthmatic patient can neither stand dust nor smoke



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Bahan ajar mata kuliah 2. CAUSE & EFFECT ( sebab-akibat) because, since, as, so, so that, so … that, as long as, as a result, consequently, therefore, due to

Untuk menunjukkan hubungan sebab akibat dari suatu aktifitas contoh:  Daliza took two tablets of paracethemol as she had a headcache effect

cause



Norman frequented the toilet several times this morning since he had diarrhoea.



The tumour cannot be removed because it has turned malignant.



Professor Riaz is well-respected due to his expertise in Biochemistry.



effect effect effect

cause cause cause

His gangrenous wound was so bad that the doctor had to amputate his foot. effect

cause

3. TIME / waktu after, before, when, while, until ,as soon as, once

contoh:  While Janice was flushing the patient‟s wound, she saw some maggots crawling out of it  As soon as the tycoon was informed of his prognosis, he immediately engaged a lawyer to draft his will  The cardiothoracic surgeons will only decide the date of the bypass surgery once they receive the results of the angiogram.

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Bahan ajar mata kuliah 4. CONTRAST / ide yang berlawanan

but, yet, still, however, nevertheless, although, even though, thought, despite, in spite of, whereas. Untuk menunjukkan ide yang berlawanan contoh:  She is ill, yet she refuses to see a doctor  Mazni tired hard to quit smoking but she failed  The junior doctors are hardworking although they are inexperienced  Despite her anxiety, she managed to remain calm



In spite of the excruciating labour pain, she refused to have an epidural.

5. CONDITION if, unless

If Kata sambung” if” digunakan menunjukkan suatu kondisi kemungkinan ada hasilnya.



Unless untuk Kata smbung “ unless:”artinya jika tidak (“if yang you don’t”.)

Example: Example:  You will not recover from your ailment, if the patient’s urinary output is abnormal, unless you take your medication regularly. you will have to inform doctor immediately Unless you have a strong interest in nursing, you should take up other profession.

6. CHOICE / pilihan or, either … or

Membuat suatu pilihan Examples:  You can obtain the medicine either from the Guardian or the Georgetown pharmacy.  Ramzi can consult Dr.Zain or Dr.Visvabalan about his condition.

Latihan 1. Berikan garis bawah pada jawaban yang benar.

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1. I cannot be a physician (as, although) I am afraid of blood 2. Jazila can walk faster than her husband (but, even though ) she is eight month pregnant 3. (Though, Since) he is afraid of operations, he is going to alternative medicine4 4. (Either, Neither) the patient (or , nor) his relatives are allowed to read the bed head ticket 5. During the first trimester, a mother-to-be is not allowed to take any medications (unless, since) it may affect the baby. 6. You will never know whether you are pregnant (but, unless) you take a pregnant test 7. The baby cried all night ( although, because) he was ill 8. You must complete your assignment (either, neither) by today (nor, or) tomorrow the latest 9. Many patients dislike Dr.zurina (because,so) she is haughty (and, but) rude. 10. She searched through all the papers in the drawer (but , and) the report was not there.

E. INTERJECTION/EXCLAMATION / kata seru Interjections/Exclamations atau kata seru adalah kata yang digunakan untuk mengungkapkan suatu perasaan yang kuat seperti kekaguman, rasa sakit atau kegembiraan.

Contoh. Oh! What tidy ward to express surprise Yes! That‟s what I call a neat incision to express satisfaction Oh my God! I‟m pregnant! to express shock

Ouch! The injection is so painful! to show pain

F. COMPARISONS: ADJECTIVE AND ADVERBS

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Bahan ajar mata kuliah Comparison adalah suatu cara untuk mengungkapkan kalimat untuk membandingkan sesuatu yang lain. Comparative = lebih Superlative= paling

DEGREES OF COMPARISON

POSITIVE adalah

tidak

menunjukkan adanya perbandingan, tetapi menunjukan kesamaan.

COMPARATIVE

SUPERLATIVE

digunakan untuk

Perbandingan yang

menunjukkan

melibatkan lebih dari

ketidaksamaan

satu yang

seseorang dengan

menunjukkan siapa

yang lainnya

paling unggul atau sebaliknya

Positive Degree : tidak menunjukkan adanya perbandingan Contoh ; your house is as big as mine

Comparative Degree ; dapat digunakan , apabila ingin menunjukkan ketidaksamaan antara seseorang dengan yang lainnya. Contoh ; My house is smaller than yours Superlative Degree ; perbandingan yang melibatkan lebih dari dua orang yang memperlihatkan paling

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Bahan ajar mata kuliah Contoh ; Rena is the tallest girl in this class.

Al is not as tall as Joe Ed is taller than Al Ed is the tallest of three

Contoh Positive Healthy Tidy Pale Busy Early Fast Hard

Comparative

Superlative

Healthier Tidier Paler

Healthiest Tidiest Palest

Busier Earlier Faster Harder

Busiest Earliest Fastest Hardest

Kata sifat yang lebih dari 3 suku kata ditambahkan more untuk compatrative dan most untuk superlative Beautiful Competent

More beautiful More competent

Most beautiful Most competen

Beberapa bentuk comparative dan superlative yang sama Good Bad

Better Worse

Best Worst

Much Little

More Less

Most Least

Late

Later

Latest

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Bahan ajar mata kuliah PATTERNS OF COMPARISON

POSITIVE COMPARATIVE

  

In positive degree, we use patterns of:  „as …as…‟  „so …as…‟  „not as … as…‟

The comparative degree is usually followed by:  „…than‟

Examples: 1. The patient‟s were not as nervous as he was yesterday.

Examples: 1.This hospital is busier than it was three years ago.

2. Rajan feels that the examination questions were as tough as last year‟s

2.The patient seems stronger today than he was yesterday

 3. Mr Yanto is not as fussy as Mr joko

SUPERLATIVE In the superlative degree, we usually use:  „the…‟ but sometimes, „a…‟ can also be used.

Examples: 1.Maria aims to be the best student nurse among the her coursemates 2.This is the most complicated procedure that I have ever performed.

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Bahan ajar mata kuliah Latihan.2

Read the poster below and complete the blanks with appropriate comparative ajectives HEALTH FACTS WOMEN SHOULD KEEP IN MIND 1. Women who smoke have a ………….(great) risk of developing lung cancer than men who smoke the same number of cigarettes. 2. Women find it ……………..(difficult) to quit than men 3. Women appear to be …………… (affected) by the pain-reducing drug, ibuprofen. 4. Women lose bone mineral at a …………. (fast) rate than men which could explain the …………. (high) incidence of osteoporosis in women. 5. Dur 6. ing a heart attack, women tend to have …….. (subtle) symptoms than men. Abdominal pain, nausea and fatigue generally appear as signs for women while men usually experience chest pain. 7. Women have …………. (high) blood alcohol content than men after consuming the same amount of alcohol even when size differences are considered.

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RANG KUMAN Setelah menyelesaikan kegiatan belajar 2 pada modul 3 ini, maka telah selesai pula pembelajaran kita tentang part of speech. Untuk kegitan belajar ini dapat kita ambil kesimpilan bahwa: 1. Conjunction berfungsi untuk menghubungkan 2 kalimat atau lebih untuk menjadi satu baik yang sederajat ataupun berlawanan. 2. Interjection adalah kata seru 3. Comparison adalah perbandingan dimana terdapat tiga tingkat yaitu yang positip artinya sama , comparative artinya lebih dan superletive yang artinya paling. Dengan demikian semua pembelajaran kita tentang part of speech sudah berakhir, saya berharap anda memahami dan apa yang sudah anda pelajari dapat bermanfaat bagi anda semua. Maaf bila ada salah dalam penulisan. Smapai jumpa lagi pada modul yang lain dilain kesempatan. THANKYOU.

LATIHAN

Buatlah 10 kalimat yang menggunakan conjuction yang berhubungan dengan kegiatan anda sehari hari sebagai bidan.

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ORMATIF No 1 sd 4 Jawablah dengan comparative No 5 sd 10 pilih satu jawaban yang benar 1. Janet looks……………( thin) than she did 2. Can‟t you think of anything ……………………( intelligent ) to say ? 3. It was the …………………….( horrible ) feeling I have ever had 4. It‟s the ……………………..( large) company in the country 5. This is the place ……………….the accident happened a. when

c. where

b. who

d. that

6. Sarah,…….you meet yesterday , works in advertising a. who

c. whose

b. whom

d. which

7. I have been waiting ……..ten past six a. for

c. at

b. since

d. ago

8. The manager ……welcomed us to the hotel a. theirself

c. itself

b. ourself

d. himself

9. They don‟t like ……….much a. ones

c. another

b. each other

d. anyone

10. Toms is a friend of…… a. her

c. mine

b. his

d. my

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Test Akhir Choose the correct answer

1. Is that my key , or is it........................? a. the yours

c. your

b. the your‟s

d. yours

2. I don‟t want to buy any of these books, I have got...... a. all

c. everything

b. all them

d. the all

3. The village is ...........sheffield. It‟s only six miles away a. along

c. near

b. by

d. next

4. I have got a meeting ...................Thursday afternoon a. at

c. on

b. in

d. to

5. You can see the details..............the computer screen a. at

c. in

b. by

d. on

6. What‟s the name of the man ................gave us a lift ? a. he

c. which

b. what

d. who

7. We don‟t have …………….tonight a. many homework

c. many homework

b. much homeworks

d. much homework

8. She hasn‟t seen her family ………….three years ago a. since

c. from

b. for

d. before

9. I like these dishes, but ……………….is a little too small a. the tea cup

c. the tea‟s cup

b. the cup of tea

d. the cup for the tea

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10. You can give me a receipt if you want to, but your word is ……… for me a. enough good

c. good enough

b. good as enough

d. good than enough

11. Besides being expensive, the food in the cafeteria tastes……..... a. badly

c. too much bad

b. too badly

d. bad

12. It was …………..that we went camping in the mountain last weekend a. such nice weather

c. too nice weather

b. so nice a weather

d. nice weather

13. Ms. Jones isn‟t as nice …..Ms smith a. as

c. like

b. for

d. to

14. They are ………….my other neighbors, a. more friendlier than

c. friendly as

b. friendly than

d. friendlier than

15. Betty moved from the dormitory …………….the noise a. because

c. because of

b. cause

d. caused from

16. I wonder where……… a. he did go

c. he went

b. did he go

d. went he

17. The tendency to develop cancer, even in high-risk individuals, can be decreased ……..the amount of fruit and vegetables in the diet a. to increase

c. for increasing

b. for increase

d. by increasing

18. William Torrey Harris was one of the first educators interested ………. a logical progression of topics in the school curriculum a. in establishing

c. establishing

b. for establishing

d. to establish

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Bahan ajar mata kuliah 19. All of the senses ………smell must pass through intermediate gateways to be processed before they are registered in the brain a. until

c. to

b. but

d. for

20. …………..orangutans live alone a. near all

c. the all

b. almost all

d. the most all

21. Bill came to work at the university thirty years................today. a. since

c. from

b. before

d. ago

22. Sam usually does his work very....................and well, but today he seemed a little preoccupied a. careful

c. carefully

b. careful manner

d. care

23. Although she is very popular, she is not ......................her sister a. pretty as

c. prettier than

b. as pretty

d. more pretty than

24. This new soap is not much ........................................the others that i have tried. a. different

c. different from

b. different than

d. different that

25. I am going to go out and ......................... a. have cut my hair

c. let my hair cut

b. have may hair cut

d. my hair be cut

26. We are both pleased ................honored to be guest of the president a. also

c. alike

b. and

d. as

27. .......................................his wealth, he is not spoiled a. despite of

c. In spite of

b. in despite

d. In spite

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Bahan ajar mata kuliah 28. More murders are reported ...................Desember in the United states than during any other month. a. on

c. at

b. in

d. for

29. Have you seen the book ............i was reading ? a. who

c. whose

b. whom

d. that

30. We have locked .............out a. himself

c. herself

b. ourselves

d. themselves

DAFTAR PUSTAKA Bradley, R. (2008). English For Nursing and Health Care. Mc Graw Hill:New York Cox, K & Hill, D (2004). English For Academic Purposes. Pearson Longman : Australia Easwood, J (1999). Oxford Practice Grammar. Oxford University Press: China Kerr. R. & Smith, J., (1982) . NUCLEUS. English for Science and Technology. Longman:USA Redaksi PM (2012). Buku Jagoan Cepat Menguasai Grammar. Pustaka Makmur : Jakarta Salina, S & Mastura,M (2008). Nursing Your English. Pearson Prentice Hall : Malaysia Soars,L & John (…) New Headway English Course. Oxford University Press: Oxford

========================== end of modul 3===============================

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ENGLISH IN MIDWIFERY PRACTICE

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