DAFTAR LAMPIRAN. Lampiran 1. Hitungan matematis perbandingan biaya produksi dodol secara manual dan mekanis

DAFTAR LAMPIRAN

Lampiran 1. Hitungan matematis perbandingan biaya produksi dodol secara manual dan mekanis Perhitungan biaya produksi dodol manual -

harga kayu bakar per 1 bak colt = Rp 1.200.000,-

-

1 bak colt kayu bakar untuk konsumsi produksi selama 15 hari.

-

1 dapur memiliki 9 kuali pengolah dodol

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1 kuali membutuhkan 6 – 8 log kayu

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Jumlah log per colt : Kons. log utk produksi/ hari = 8 log/ kuali x 9 kuali = 72 log/ hari Maka, jumlah log/ colt = kons. Log produksi/ hari x lama kons./ colt = 72 log/ hari x 15 hari = 1080 log kayu/ bak colt Harga 1 log kayu

Biaya log kayu/ produksi

-

Upah tenaga kerja 9 orang pekerja Biaya upah pekerja

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Harga-harga bahan baku Kelapa 1 kuali 2 gandeng Beras Pulut 1 kuali 1 kg beras pulut

h arg a log percolt jumlah log percolt 1200000 = 1080 = Rp 1.111,11 = kons. Log/ hari x hrg/ log kayu = 72 log/ hari x Rp 1.111,11 = Rp 79.999,99 = Rp 80.000/ prod/ hari =

= Rp 20.000,-/ orang/ hari = Rp 20.000,- x 9 = Rp 180.000,-/ hari = Rp 180.000,-/ hari

= Rp 4.000,-/ gandeng = Rp 8.000,-/ kuali = Rp 8.000,- x 9 = Rp 72.000,-/ produksi = Rp 9.000,-/ kg = Rp 9.000,-/ kuali = Rp 9.000,- x 9 = Rp81.000,-/ produksi

Universitas Sumatera Utara

Gula aren 1 kuali 2 kg gula aren

= Rp 9.000,-/ kg = Rp 18.000/ kuali = Rp 18.000,- x 9 = Rp 162.000,-/ produksi Total biaya bahan baku utama per produksi per hari = Rp 315.000,-

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Maka total biaya produksi per hari dodol secara manual adalah = biaya bahan bakar + upah tenaga kerja + biaya bahan baku = Rp 80.000,- + Rp 180.000,- + Rp 315.000,= Rp 575.000,-

Perhitungan biaya produksi secara mekanis -

Harga-harga bahan baku Kelapa 1 kuali 2 gandeng

= Rp 4.000,-/ gandeng = Rp 8.000,-/ kuali = Rp 8.000,- x 9 = Rp 72.000,-/ produksi Beras Pulut = Rp 9.000,-/ kg 1 kuali 1 kg beras pulut = Rp 9.000,-/ kuali = Rp 9.000,- x 9 = Rp81.000,-/ produksi Gula aren = Rp 9.000,-/ kg 1 kuali 2 kg gula aren = Rp 18.000/ kuali = Rp 18.000,- x 9 = Rp 162.000,-/ produksi Total biaya bahan baku utama per produksi per hari = Rp 315.000,-

Biaya bahan bakar Harga LPG per kg Kons. LPG per produksi Biaya kons. LPG/ kuali Biaya kons. LPG/ produksi

= Rp 5.000,= 3 kg = Rp 5.000,- x 3 = Rp 15.000,-/ kuali = Rp 15. 000,- x 9 = Rp Rp 135.000,-/ prod

Biaya listrik/ kwh = Rp 99,- = Rp 100,Kons.listrik elektromotor = 0,67 kwh (pada rpm 34) Biaya kons. Listrik/ mesin = Rp 100,- x 0,67 = Rp 67,-/ mesin Dengan asumsi, mesin mengganti semua jumlah kuali = 9 mesin Maka biaya kons. Listrik/ produksi = Rp 67,- x 9 = Rp 603,-/ produksi Total biaya bahan bakar

= biaya kons. LPG + biaya kons. Listrik = Rp 135.000,- + Rp 603,= Rp 135.603,-


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Maka total biaya produksi dodol per hari secara mekanis = biaya bahan baku + biaya bahan bakar = Rp 315.000,- + Rp 135.603,= Rp 450.603,-

Maka efisiensi yang didapat dari alat pengaduk dodol biayaproduksimanual − biayaproduksimekanis = × 100% biayaproduksimanual 575000 − 450603 = × 100% 575000 124397 = × 100% 575000 = 0,2163 x 100 % = 21,63 %


Lampiran 2. Gambaran kerja sistem pengaduk


Lampiran 3. Penetepan Nilai Referensi

Pengadukan

P e m a s a k a n

Persiapan

Pengadukan

Pemasakan Tahap I

Pemasakan Tahap II

Pemasakan Tahap III

38 RPM

26 RPM

30 RPM

34 RPM

38 RPM

Mulai

Selesai

Persiapan

Api Mati

Nyala Api 100%

Nyala Api 100%

Nyala Api 90%

Nyala Api 80%

5 Menit

25 Menit

40 Menit

40 Menit

40 Menit

150 Menit

Gambar 15. Pembagian Waktu dan Kecepatan Pada Rangkaian Referansi

Merk : YAMAKOYO Single Phase Induction Motor Tipe : YC 90S-4 - 0.75 KW - 220 V Inscl. B IP 44 - 7.7 A - 1 HP - 50 Hz - 1400 RPM Spesifikasi Speed Reducer : - Model : WPA - Rasio : 60 - Nomor : 0704 - Tipe V-Belt A-62 - Pulley : 5 Inch pada reducer, 3 Inch pada pengaduk


Lampiran 4. Diagram Alir Penelitian


Lampiran 5. Brainstroming perancangan sistem kendali


Lampiran 6. Dokumentasi Penelitian

Gambar 30. Rangkaian Timer dan switch digital


Gambar 31. Status Standby Timer


Gambar 32. Power Supply

Gambar 33. Diagram Rangkaian Power Supply CT 12V

Gambar 34. Diagram Rangkaian Power Supply +5V


Gambar 35. Rangkaian Pengatur Kecepatan Motor

Gambar 36. Rangkaian Pengatur Bukaan Gas


Gambar 37. Lambang-Lambang Dioda

Gambar 38. Lambang-Lambang Kapasitor


Gambar 39. Lambang-Lambang Gerbang Logika


Gambar 40. Lambang-Lambang Pengkabelan

Gambar 41. Lambang-Lambang Sensor


Gambar 42. Lambang-Lambang Resistor


Gambar 43. Lambang-Lambang Pengukuran

Gambar 44. Lambang-Lambang Transistor


Gambar 45. Lambang-Lambang Sirkuit Power


Lampiran 7. Datasheet Komponen-Komponen





























7SR3911AS - Single Hi-Red 0.40" CC 7-Segment LED Display Photograph Specifications

Features

Display

High Segment Intensity Wide Viewing Angle RoHS Compliant

Digit Size: 0.39" Material: GaAlAs/GaAs Emitted Color: HiRed Peak Wavelength: 660 nm

Absolute Maximum Ratings

Pulse Forward Current (Ifp): 150 mA DC Forward Current (If): 25 mA Reverse Current (Ir): 20 µA Power Dissipation (If): 60x8 mW Operating Temperature (Top): -40 to +80 oC

ElectroOptical Data (@ 10 mA)

Forward Voltage Typical: 1.85 V Forward Voltage Maximum: 2.20 V Luminous Intensity Minimum Per Segment: 65 Mcd Luminous Intensity Typical Per Segment: 96 Mcd


Pin Layout and Circuit Diagram



TRIM10K - 10k 1/4W Miniature Horizontal Potentiometer Photograph

Features Single Turn Carbon type

POT100K - 100K Linear Taper Potentiometer Photograph

Features Knurled Shaft Type B Suits Most Standard knobs Shaft Diameter: 5.5mm Shaft Length: 10mm Mounting Hole: 7.5mm





Green LED 3mm Photograph

Features High Brightness Long Life Low Power Consumption Green Lens

Pin Description

Dimension Drawing

Pin Descriptio Numbe n r 1

Cathode

2

Anode


Technical Data Absolute Maximum Ratings

Operating Free Air Temperature

0oC to +70oC

Storage Temperature Range

-65oC to +150oC

Electrical Characteristics

Symbol Parameter Conditions Forward Vf Vcc=Min,Ii=-12mA Voltage

Min Typ Max Units 2.0

V

Vr

Reverse Voltage

Vcc=Min,Ioh=MAX,Vil=MAX

5.0

V

If

Max DC Forward Current

Vcc=Min,Iol=MAX,Vih=MAX

35

mA

Pd

Max Power Vcc=Max,Vi=5.5V Dissipation

105

mW

Typical Viewing Angle

Vcc=Max,Vi=2.4V

90

Degrees

Typical Luminous Intensity

Vcc=Max,Vi=0.4V

1

MCD


White LED 3mm Photograph

Features High Brightness Long Life Low Power Consumption Water Clear Lens

Pin Description

Dimension Drawing


Cathode

2

Anode




0oC to +70oC


-65oC to +150oC


Symbo Parameter Conditions l Forward Vf Vcc=Min,Ii=-12mA Voltage

Mi Ma Typ n x

Units

3.5

V

4.0

Vr

Reverse Voltage

Vcc=Min,Ioh=MAX,Vil=MA X

5.0

V

If


Vcc=Min,Iol=MAX,Vih=MA X

30

mA

Ipeak

Peak DC Forward Current

Vcc=Min,Iol=MAX,Vih=MA X

100

mA

Pd


120

mW


30

Degree s


200 0

MCD

Peak Wavelengt h

nm


Yellow LED 3mm Photograph

Features High Brightness Long Life Low Power Consumption Yellow Lens

Pin Description

Dimension Drawing


Cathode

2

Anode




0oC to +70oC


-65oC to +150oC


Symbol Parameter Conditions Forward Vf Vcc=Min,Ii=-12mA Voltage

Min Typ Max Units 2.0

V

Vr

Reverse Voltage

Vcc=Min,Ioh=MAX,Vil=MAX

5.0

V

If


Vcc=Min,Iol=MAX,Vih=MAX

35

mA

Pd


105

mW


Vcc=Max,Vi=2.4V

90

Degrees


Vcc=Max,Vi=0.4V

3

MCD


GR12V10ABL - DPDT 12VDC 10A Blade Terminals Relay Photograph

Features Solid Construction Suitable for Rack Mounting Contact Rating: 10A @ 240Vac/24Vdc Electrical Life: >100,000 Operations at Rated Load Mounts in GRBLADE socket

Specifications

Contact Data

Pin Layout

Contact Arrangement: 2C Initial Contact Resistance Max.: 50 milli-ohm (1A 6VDC) Contact Material: AgCdO Contact Rating (Res.Load): 10A 220VAC/28VDC Max. Switching Voltage: 250VAC/28VDC Max. Switching Current: 10A Max. Switching Power: 2200VAC/280W UL/CUR Rating: 10A 250VAC/28VDC TÜV Rating: 10A 250VAC/28VDC Mechanical Life: 20,000,000 ops Electrial Life: 100,000 ops

Characteristics

Initial Insulation Resistance: 500Mohm 500VAC Dielectric Strength Between Coil and Contacts : 1500VAC 1min. Dielectric Strength Between Open Contacts: 1000VAC 1min. Dielectric Strength Between Contacts Sets: 1500VAC 1min. Operate Time (at nomi. Volt.): 25ms Release Time (without Diode)(at nomi. Volt.): 25ms Shock Resistance Functional: 100 m/s² Shock Resistance Destructive: 1000m/s² Vibration Resistance: 1mm,10-55Hz Humidity: 98%RH,+40°C Ambient Temperature:-40°C to +70°C Termination: PCB & Plug-in Unit Weight: 37g

Coil (Polarized)

Coil Power: DC:0.9W AC:1.2VA


Coil Data

Nominal Voltage: 12VDC Pick-up Voltage: 9.6VDC Drop-out Voltage: 1.2VDC Coil Resistance: 160ohm ± 10% Nominal Voltage: 12VAC Pick-up Voltage: 9.60VAC Drop-out Voltage: 3.6VAC Coil Resistance: 46ohm ±

All Dimensions are in mm












DAFTAR LAMPIRAN. Lampiran 1. Hitungan matematis perbandingan biaya produksi dodol secara manual dan mekanis

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