DAFTAR ISI
HALAMAN JUDUL……………………………………………...................
i
LEMBAR PENGESAHAN DOSEN PEMBIMBING....................................
ii
LEMBAR PENGESAHAN DOSEN PENGUJI.............................................
iii
HALAMAN PERSEMBAHAN......................................................................
iv
HALAMAN MOTTO……………………………………………………....
v
KATA PENGANTAR…………………………………………………........
vi
DAFTAR ISI………………………………………………………………...
viii
DAFTAR GAMBAR………………………………………………………..
xiv
DAFTAR TABEL………………………………………………………….. .
xvi
ABSTRAKSI…………………………….......................................................
xvii
BAB I
BAB II
PENDAHULUAN 1.1
Latar Belakang Masalah..............................................
1
1.2
Perumusan Masalah....................................................
2
1.3
Batasan Masalah..........................................................
3
1.4
Tujuan Penelitian........................................................
3
1.5
Manfaat Penelitian......................................................
3
1.6
Sistematika Penulisan..................................................
4
LANDASAN TEORI 2.1
Pendahuluan................................................................
6
2.2
Teori Antrian...............................................................
7
2.2.1 Elemen-elemen Pokok dalam Sistem
7
Antrian............................................................. 2.2.2 Struktur-struktur Antrian.................................
11
2.2.3 Distribusi Data................................................
14
2.2.3.1 Macam-macam Distribusi
2.3
Probabilitas..........................................
15
2.2.4 Model-model Antrian......................................
26
2.2.4.1 Model Matematis................................
26
2.2.4.2 Model Simulasi...................................
37
Pemodelan Sistem.......................................................
37
2.3.1
Pendekatan Sistem..........................................
37
2.3.2
Sistem.............................................................
38
2.3.2.1 Karakteristik Sistem............................
39
Model..............................................................
40
2.3.4.1 Karakteristik Model............................
40
2.3.4.2 Prinsip-prinsip Pemodelan Sistem......
41
2.3.4.3 Pengembangan Model.........................
41
Simulasi..........................................................
42
2.3.5.1 Langkah-langkah Simulasi.................
43
2.3.5.2. Bagian-bagian Model Simulasi..........
45
2.3.6
Verifikasi dan Validasi Data...........................
47
2.3.7
Software ProModel 7.0...................................
52
2.3.8
Bahasa Pemrograman Simulasi......................
52
2.3.9
Stat :: Fit.........................................................
54
2.3.4
2.3.5
2.3.10 Analisa Output Hasil Simulasi........................
55
2.3.10.1 Analisis Output Hasil Simulasi Terminating Sistem.................................
59
2.3.10.2 Analisis Output Hasil Simulasi NonTerminating Sistem..........................
62
2.3.10.3 Metode Replikasi/Penghentian Simulasi………………………………..
63
2.3.10.4 Metode Pengelompokkan Nilai Rata-rata / “Batching Mean Method”……….
64
2.3.10.5 Metode Pengelompokkan Sekuensial / ”Sequential Batch Method”……………
65
2.3.10.6 Metode Keadaan Regenerasi / “Regenerative method”………………..
2.4
BAB III
65
2.3.10.7 Batchmean Method…………………….
66
Model-model Keputusan Antrian................................
66
2.4.1 Model Biaya ( Cost Model).............................
67
2.4.2 Model Tingkat Aspirasi...................................
69
METODOLOGI PENELITIAN 3.1
Pendahuluan................................................................
72
3.2
Studi Pustaka...............................................................
72
3.3
Penentuan Obyek Penelitian.......................................
74
3.4
Pengumpulan Data…..................................................
74
3.5
Pengolahan Data…......................................................
75
3.6 BAB IV
Hasil Penelitian……………………………………...
76
PENGUMPULAN DAN PENGOLAHAN DATA 4.1
Pengumpulan Data…………………………………..
77
4.1.1 Tinjauan Singkat Perusahaan……..................
77
4.1.2 Produk……………………………………….
78
4.1.3 Jadwal Kerja Perusahaan.................................
78
4.1.4 Jumlah Tenaga Kerja.......................................
78
4.1.5 Bahan Baku.....................................................
78
4.1.5.1 Bahan Baku Utama.............................
78
4.1.5.2 Bahan Baku Penunjang.......................
79
4.1.6 Mesin Produksi................................................
79
4.1.7 Proses Produksi...............................................
80
4.1.8 Skema Proses Produksi...................................
82
4.1.9 Data Waktu Antar Kedatangan Bahan Baku Kertas..............................................................
83
4.1.10 Data Waktu Proses Mesin Cetak.....................
83
4.1.11 Data Waktu Proses Mesin Potong...................
84
4.1.12 Data Waktu Proses Mesin Collator.................
85
4.1.13 Data Waktu Proses Finishing..........................
87
4.1.14 Data Waktu Transfer Antar Lokasi.................
88
4.1.15 Data Downtimes..............................................
89
4.1.16 Kapasitas Maksimal Kontainer.......................
89
4.1.17 Data Jumlah Produksi.....................................
89
4.2
Pengolahan Data..........................................................
91
4.2.1 Uji Distribusi...................................................
91
4.2.2
Membangun Model Awal Dengan Menggunakan ProModel.................................
93
Verifikasi dan Validasi Model........................
93
4.2.3.1 Uji Kecocokan Model Simulasi..........
96
4.2.4
Hasil Simulasi Awal.......................................
98
4.2.5
Pembangunan Model Alternatif......................
99
4.2.6
Hasil Simulasi……………………………….
100
4.2.7
Pemilihan Model Alternatif Berdasarkan
4.2.3
Model Biaya.................................................... BAB V
BAB VI
PEMBAHASAN 5.1
Pembangunan Simulasi Model Awal………………..
110
5.2
Analisis Hasil Simulasi……………………………...
111
5.3
Analisa Jumlah Fasilitas Yang Dibutuhkan…………
112
KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN 6.1
Kesimpulan.................................................................
114
6.2
Saran..........................................................................
114
DAFTAR PUSTAKA LAMPIRAN
104
DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar 2.1 Sistem Antrian.............................................................................
8
Gambar 2.2 Model single channel-single phase…………………………….
12
Gambar 2.3 Model single channel-multi phase……………………………..
13
Gambar 2.4 Model Multi Channel-Single Phase……………………………
13
Gambar 2.5 Model Multi Channel-Multi Phase.............................................
14
Gambar 2.6 Grafik Distribusi Beta………………………………………….
16
Gambar 2.7 Grafik Distribusi Erlang………………………………………..
17
Gambar 2.8 Grafik Distribusi Eksponensial………………………………...
17
Gambar 2.9 Grafik Distribusi Gamma………………………………………
18
Gambar 2.10 Grafik Distribusi Lognormal………………………………….
19
Gambar 2.11 Grafik Distribusi Normal……………………………………..
19
Gambar 2.12 Grafik Distribusi Pearson 5…………………………………...
20
Gambar 2.13 Grafik Distribusi Pearson 6…………………………………...
21
Gambar 2.14 Grafik Distribusi Triangular…………………………………..
21
Gambar 2.15 Grafik Distribusi Uniform…………………………………….
22
Gambar 2.16 Grafik Distribusi Weilbull…………………………………….
23
Gambar 2.17 Grafik Distribusi Binomial……………………………………
24
Gambar 2.18 Grafik Distribusi Uniform Descrete…………………………..
24
Gambar 2.19 Grafik Distribusi Geometric…………………………………..
25
Gambar 2.20 Grafik Distribusi Poisson…………………………………......
26
Gambar 2.21 Langkah- langkah Pengembangan Model…………………….
42
Gambar 2.22 Daerah penerimaan uji kesamaan variansi sistem riil dan model simulasi...........................................................................
51
Gambar 2.23 Model biaya dalam antrian........................................................
66
Gambar 2.24 Model Tingkat Aspirasi.............................................................
70
Gambar 3.1 Diagram Alir Kerangka Penelitian……………………………..
73
Gambar 4.1 Skema Proses Produksi…………………………………….......
82
Gambar 4.2 Distribusi waktu antar kedatangan bahan baku kertas................
91
Gambar 4.3 Grafik distribusi waktu antar kedatangan bahan baku kertas......
91
Gambar 4.4 Export fit distribusi waktu antar kedatangan bahan baku kertas
92
Gambar 4.5 Pembangunan model awal...........................................................
93
DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel 4.1 Waktu antar kedatangan bahan baku kertas (menit).......................
83
Tabel 4.2 Waktu proses cetak (detik)..............................................................
83
Tabel 4.3 Waktu proses pemotongan (detik)..................................................
84
Tabel 4.4 Waktu proses penyusunan kertas (detik)........................................
86
Tabel 4.5 Waktu proses finishing (detik)........................................................
87
Tabel 4.6 Waktu transfer antar lokasi.............................................................
88
Tabel 4.7 Kapasitas maksimal kontainer .......................................................
89
Tabel 4.8 Data jumlah produksi (unit)............................................................
89
Tabel 4.9 Hasil Uji Distribusi.......................................................................
92
Tabel 4.10 Data Jumlah Produksi Hasil Simulasi (unit).................................
94
Tabel 4.11 Hasil Simulasi Awal Prosentase Utilitas.......................................
98
Tabel 4.12 Hasil Simulasi Model Alternatif 1................................................
100
Tabel 4.13 Hasil Simulasi Model Alternatif 2................................................
101
Tabel 4.14 Hasil Simulasi Model Alternatif 3................................................
102
Tabel 4.15 Jumlah entitas yang diperkirakan dalam sistem............................
105
Tabel 4.16 Prosentase menganggur mesin cetak dan operator per hari........
106
Tabel 5.1 Hasil Uji Distribusi.........................................................................
110
